AN ANALYSIS OF VIDEO

IN TEACHING ENGLISH FOR YOUNG LEARNERS

(ELEMENTARY SCHOOL)

A. INTRODUCTION

Teaching is an interactive process, primarily involving class room

talk which takes place between teacher and pupil and occurs during certain
definable activity. Therefore in learning process will be need a teacher as a
guiding in convey a course. Then definition of teacher, teacher is an
expert who is capable of imparting knowledge that will help learners to
build, identify and to acquire skills that will be used to face the challenges
in life. The teacher also provides to the learners knowledge, skills and
values that enhance development. An educated person is capable of
utilizing the available opportunities in both private and public sectors. The
educated person can easily secure employment as well as having life skills
that will enable him/her to interact well in the society.

There are many statements about meaning of Young Learners,

three of which will be stated here. According to Purwaningsih,“Young
Learners are learners in Elementary School aging 9-10 years old who are
learning English as foreign language”. Then According to Cameron,
young learner is being learner aged between five and twelve years old, so
the young learner’s age is in elementary school. In indonesia the young
learners is at elementary school the age bewteen 6 until 12 years old. The
last statement about the meaning of Young Learners, according to Etty
Maryati Hoesein, “Young Learners are the students of Elementary School
who are at grade four up to grade six. Their ages range from ten to twelve
years of age. They have learned English for about one up to four years”.
From those three statements, we may conclude that Young Learners are
students who are studying in Elementary or junior High School aging 7-15
and they are studying English as second language for about one up to four

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years. In other words, we may say that Young Learners are English foreign
language learners, aging 6-15.

Then teaching English for young learners is different to adults.

Young learners learn English with fun way. Young learners are easily to
get bored and feel difficult if the material is too hard. That is why we as
teachers have to make the classroom condition more alive and fun to
achieve the goal.

The caharacteristic of young learner according to david nunan as

follows:

1. Children are at pre-school or in the first couple of years of

schooling.
2. Generally, they have a holistic approach to langiage, which
means that they understand meaningful messages but
cannot analyze language yet.
3. They have lower levels of awareness about themselves as
well as about the process of learning.
4. They have limited reading and writing skills, even in their
first language.
5. Generally, they are more concerned about themselves than
others.
6. They have limited knowledge about the world.
7. They enjoy fantasy, imagination and movement.

The barrier in teaching young learners as follows:

1. Children have short attention

2. Children forget things quickly.
3. Some of children can not speak their own language correctly yet.
4. Children can be shy and hesitant to participate in activities.
5. Children develop at different rates so there may be mixed ability
levels in one class eventhough all the children are of the same age.
6. Children learn through repetition

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B. CONTENT
This is a video in teaching english for young learners at university
of Muhammadiyah Jakarta. PGSD I. This video is first grade of
elementary school. Then the writer will be analyze the video appropriate
with stage of teaching label PREPARATION-CORE ACTIVITY-
FOLLOW UP.
a) Preparation

Preparation is activities prepare the learners to be able to

complete the core activity successfully, and might include pre-
teaching of language items or activation of topic vocabulary. Then
in this video is getting greeting. In the greeting the teacher has
good performance she start from greeting and lead students to
answer the greeting response. In writer opinion it is a good stage
in preparation because the teacher want to know whether the
students ready in learning or not. This stage is very important in
preparation the students make them to be active in learning process
and it is good in learning process. Then make the student to be
near with the teacher so the process in learning more be effective
and the material to be more getting the point and easier to students
understand. It can as warm up for student before start the study.
Then in the writer opinion the using of greeting in this video have
good in preparation.

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 Next, in the preparation the teacher convey the aim of
study. It call as apperception. Apperception is the process by which
new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum
of past experience of an individual to form a new whole. In short, it
is to perceive new experience in relation to past experience. It is
very important in learning process because it relate the past
experience of student with the material of study. It make the
students to be easier in uderstand of the material. Therefore the
teacher write the aim of learning in the white board and ask
students to read aloud in a together. In writer opnion it is a good
step in preparation. As we know that before we start the lesson it is
better to student know what the purpose of they learn. Then the
teacher write the aim of learning in the white board, in writer
opinion it is better to stimulate the cognitive skill of student to read
and know about the letter and try to construct the meaning of the
aim that they read.

In the next steps the teacher ask the student with some
questions it relate to their experience. As we know that the student
more easy to understand if the event have they work out before. it
can as stimulate the student cognitive and motoric of student. The
skill of cognitive is the student can answer the questions of teacher
based on their experience. It means that the student can be actively
in construct the meaning . Then the teacher guide student to speak
in english the teacher try to translate what she talk. It is better way
to make the students construct the meaning. In the motoric skill the
students will look the activate of students with raise them hand.

The teacher give the student motivation in learning trough convey

the hoping her to student in order the student to get the good score
in learning process. As we know that motivation is Internal and
external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be
continually interested and committed to a job, role or subject, or to

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 make an effort to attain a goal. Intrinsic motivation is the self-
desire to seek out new things and new challenges, to analyze one's
capacity, to observe and to gain knowledge. On the other hand
Extrinsic motivation comes from influences outside of the
individual. Common extrinsic motivations are rewards (for
example money or grades) for showing the desired behavior, and
the threat of punishment following misbehavior. Competition is an
extrinsic motivator because it encourages the performer to win and
to beat others, not simply to enjoy the intrinsic rewards of the
activity. A cheering crowd and the desire to win a trophy are also
extrinsic incentives. There is a definition of motivation. Then as we
know that there are two part of motivation. First the motivation that
come from our self it call as intrinsic motivation and second the
motivation come from out our self that call as external motivation.
Therefore the relation with this video is the teacher give student
motivation, it call as extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation
from the teacher is important in make the student to be better. The
teacher give motivation through hoping and order the students can
get the good score. In this step in teaching learning have good
process.

b) Core activity

Then, in the next step in teaching learning process the

teacher guiden student into the material with show the purpose of
the material learning. Actually show the purpose the material
learning have a good characteristic in learning process. But in this
step the teacher directly ask student to read and understand about
the purpose of material and directly relate with the material. The
teacher does not engage the student with the material that will
learn. As we know that student engagement refers to the degree of
attention, curiosity, interest, optimism, and passion that students
show when they are learning or being taught, which extends to the

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 level of motivation they have to learn and progress in their
education. Based on the definition of engagement above we can
know that the the engagement steps is very important to guide the
student with the material. Therefore in the guide of students the
teacher need to consider about what the material will they use in
engagement student steps. According to Lyn cammeron in
preparation activities “(1) use of single pictures to prompt recall of
lexis. (2) divide board into two and recall / parctice past form. (3)
pairs practice with single pictures.” Based on the preparation
activities above it should that the student activities in the
engagement steps the teacher should can use a picture as a media.
So it can make the student to be easier in understand about the
material. Then, in engage students step after the teacher said the
material she directly engage the student with ask the student “have
you learn it in the kindergarten?” the teacher relate the material
with the experience previous of student. Actually it is have good in
this step but the teacher less about the media, so it can make the
student doesn’t have the knowledge about the material. students
just know how to account their finger in english. Because the
teacher just used the finger as a media in engagement the student
ability. It is good in using finger but doesn’t good in knowledge
visualisation student.

c) Follow up
Then in measure the ability knowledge of students the
teacher ask students to mention the material with count the numeral
1 until 10 and many of students know about the material and can
to mention it. It is easy for teacher in teaching the student have
know about the material but if the student doesn’t know about the
material it will be difficult to teaching without the media.

In the core activity the teacher ask student to repeat her in

speak the numeral with using english. Actually it is a good step in

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 teaching foreign language because it influent the ability of students
in speech about the numeral in English. it can measure the ability
of student and it can drill the ability pronunciation of student.

Next step of teaching the teacher separated the student into

groups and do the drill. The teacher ask to student to reapeat it in a
together. It is a good step but the teacher doesn’t use a media she
just ask to student to repeat it. Then it only ten numeral number
that students get in the process learning. And ten of the numeral
number separated of student have know about the material. Then
suggest to the teacher it will be better of the teacher to add the
numeral number that she teach so it will improve and additional the
vocabulary of student about the material numeral number.

Then the teacher do the quiz with using group method, and
ask student to mention the material. Therefore separated of student
have can to mention the numeral number. And it will to be better
the teacher add the numeral number and using a picture in do the
the drill activity. Drill activity in this video have a good drill but in
this video the teacher doesn’t allowing the student to write in the
white board so it doesn’t increase the ability psicomotoric students.
Then in the drill activity the teacher using a song in improving
ability the students about the numeral number.

C. CONCLUSION

Therefore in this video actually have good teaching steps but in

this video the teacher lack of media in teaching process. As we know that
the media is very importance in learning process. It easier to make the
students understand and get the point of the material. Suggestion that the
teacher should use the media such as picture, song, games etc. It can help
the students easier in understand the material. especially in guide the
student into the core activity.