Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
332-334
Abstract
Approach of fields and contours in an inhomogeneous medium is carried out by
means of feeding into in consideration of fractal geometry devices. Fractal allocation
electrical and magnet moments of alpha-poles is spotted on differintegral geometry
devices. The topological model of the fractal device of an inhomogeneous medium
and a physical analogue of charges and currents in such medium is applied 1) to a
substantiation of electrodynamics similitude principle, 2) to build-up of the theory
and examination of requirements of the frequency independence of fractal structured
antennas.
It is shown instances of fractal antennas theory application to log-periodical small
antennas modelling.
1. INTRODUCTION 2. FORMULATION
The interest to development of theory and designing We found the further viewing on following stand-
of the very wide band and frequency independent an- ings [4]:
tennas is stimulated with attempts to expand a work- - The topology of artificial medium coincides with
ing strip of radio engineering systems and viewed topology is fractal the configured medium,
multifunctionality requirements. Further the geomet- and metric relations can be discovered with the help
rical model of the fractal arrangement of a nonuni- differintegral calculuses;
form medium and a physical analogue of currents in - Singularities of a structural structure of artificial
such medium is applied to a substantiation of a prin- medium are considered by quantity scalling index
ciple of electrodynamic similitude (see, e.g., [1]), which is included into defining formulas for fractal
used for determination of frequency-independent allocations of charges density and currents devices.
properties of the small fractal antennas [2], [3].
Application of a principle of electrodynamic sim- 2.1. EXPOSITION OF THE FRACTAL DIPOLES
ularity (identity of input impedances and directional STRUCTURE
characteristics of two various antennas lost-free on The definition of a compact covering of the heter-
two different frequencies if shapes of these antennas ogeneous set with introduction of dilatations i (k ) ( k
are similar) for is fractal structured dipoles and anten-
nas needs a substantiation. The frequency independ- - the number of generation of a coat, i - the number
ence it is fractal the structured dipoles and antennas of subsets in the k -th generation having the specified
which are spotted only by angular sizes, it is neces- dilatation) with their diminution in the following gen-
sary to proved. For such constructions the modifica- erations of a coat i (k 2) i ( k 1) i ( k ) , gives a func-
tion of scale distances and an expansion does not lead
tional connection of number (Fig.1)
to a modification geometrical and physical properties
of the antenna (this principle is included at the heart Ni (k 1)i (k ) f (xi(k ) / xi(k 1) ) ; Ni (k 2)i (k 1) f (xi(k 1) / xi(k 2) ) ,
of definition of self-simularity of fractals). Designing
small fractal antennas is based on an important physi- vertexes polygonal, formed from dilatations i ( k 1) ,
cal principle of currents cutoff [1] for studying devic-
es with a small geometrical expansion. i ( k 2) which are in borders of dilatations i (k ) ,
i ( k 1) (that is are coated with them) [5] .
N i ( k 1) i ( k ) N i ( k 2) i ( k 1) N i ( k 2) i ( k ) ; Density of -pole moment of all sets in volume
of a cell Vi with centre in a point ri it is estimat-
xi ( k ) / xi ( k 2) ed under the formula
f (xi ( k ) / xi ( k 1) ) f ( x ) f (xi ( k ) / xi ( k 2) ) .(1)
i ( k ) / xi ( k 1) N
P (ri ) q j d j / Vi . (3)
j 1
The smooth solution of this equation exists and is
Magnetic moment which arises due to a ranked mi-
unique in the power function form:
croscopic circular motion of charges concerning a
f (xi ( k ) / xi ( k 1) ) (xi (k ) / xi (k 1) ) , .
blanket axis in a device of volume Vi , we shall
spot so mc ( ri ) [d j q j v j ] / ,2 where a vector
Nxi ( k 1) xi ( k ) xi ( k 1) x1i (
k 1) xi ( k ) , ri determines coordinates of centre of a volumetric
cell Vi . The continuous and slowly changeable
The sum
apparent density of magnetic moment M c (r ) , or a
magnetization (caused by circulation of charges) de-
i ( ) xi1(k1) xi(k ) , termined as
i 1 i 1
International Conference on Antenna Theory and Techniques, 16-20 September, 2013, Odessa, Ukraine 333
The Frequency Independence of Fractal Antennas
n
bm
y( , x) m
E ,1 m ( x ) (7)
m 1 x
334 International Conference on Antenna Theory and Techniques, 16-20 September, 2013, Odessa, Ukraine