Home Production 1.

Non-Food Production
 Use It Up, Wear it Out

Build It Strong, Build It Stout

Make Do, Or Do Without

 Words from the Brethren
● If we had to face a natural disaster, we
would need to be prepared to cook, heat our
homes, and clean our clothing, our bodies, ● We need to prepare as a Church, as
and our surroundings. For this reason, it is individuals, and as families to survive
important that we either store fuel and soap, in emergencies. When the Church is
or that we learn to make them in an fully organized in our area, we can
emergency. Also of importance are first aid work together to prepare food,
articles, prescribed medicines, soaps and
other cleaning items, candles, matches, and clothing, and household items to be
any other articles necessary for the welfare used in emergencies. This way, those
of the family. Whenever possible, we who are in need and whose families
should not only store these items, but also have done all they can will receive this
learn to produce them. help. If we help each other in every
way we can, we will be worthy to
In an emergency, we might also face the receive help if we need it.
need to rebuild our homes, barns, or corrals.
It is important, therefore, that members of - Duties and Blessings of the
our families learn to work with wood and Priesthood, Part B
other building materials and learn to use
tools so they can make and repair furniture
and other needed items. When we learn to
repair and maintain our own possessions,
we can save time and money and avoid
being dependent on others.
- Duties and Blessings of the
Priesthood, Part A
● “And it came to pass that after I,
Nephi, had been in the land of
Bountiful for the space of many days,
the voice of the Lord came unto me,
saying: Arise, and get thee into the
mountain. And it came to pass that I
arose and went up into the mountain,
and cried unto the Lord. And it came to
pass that the Lord spake unto me,
saying: Thou shalt construct a ship,
after the manner which I shall show
thee, that I may carry thy people across
these waters. And I said: Lord, whither
shall I go that I may find ore to molten,
that I may make tools to construct the
ship after the manner which thou hast
shown unto me? And it came to pass
that the Lord told me whither I should
go to find ore, that I might make tools.
And it came to pass that I, Nephi, did
make a bellows wherewith to blow the
fire, of the skins of beasts; and after I
had made a bellows, that I might have
wherewith to blow the fire, I did smite
two stones together that I might make
fire.” 1 Nephi 17:7-11
● Bishop Vaughn J. Featherstone
taught us which skills we should
develop in order to provide for our
needs: “Now regarding home
production: Raise animals where
means and local laws permit. Plant
fruit trees, grapevines, berry
bushes, and vegetables. You will
provide food for your family, much
of which can be eaten fresh. Other
food you grow can be preserved
and included as part of your home
storage. Wherever possible,
produce your nonfood necessities
of life. Sew and mend your own
clothing. Make or build needed
items. I might also add, beautify,
repair, and maintain all of your
property” (“Food Storage,” Ensign,
May 1976, 117).
 What is Manufacturing?
● Manufacturing is the
making of goods or wares
(practically anything) by
manual labor or by
machinery, especially on a
large scale
● The Prophets and Apostles
have asked us to prepare to
create our own necessities
in times of emergency – not
to learn and practice these
things during a crisis
situation
● The sooner we begin, the
better off we'll all be
Manufacturing Begins with the Garden
● The majority of raw materials
can come from your own plot of
land
● Materials like stone, sand
(silicates), clay, aluminum, iron,
copper, salts, acids, etc.
● Plenty of homes in our area were
built on landfills from the late
1800's to 1950's; there's a lot of
metals either still usable or as
minerals in the soil
● The rest of the materials
discussed will come from either
waste products or purchased
inexpensively
● Call Blue Stakes before digging
 Mining Basics
● Mining requires separating and
refining minerals and metals from
the ground – all soils in West
Valley are rich in minerals
● A simple set of panning tools is all
that's needed, but larger equipment
is really nice for richer areas
● Metal detector, dry washer, retort,
drill, dredge, excavator, and such
makes the process faster but can
raise the cost of backyard mining
● Separate minerals by first rough
crushing, sieving, and dry washing
to rough separate; then by further
crushing and washing through a
water dredge; next step of refining
may require foundry and/or
chemical separation
● Do not use explosives!!
 Sawmill
● Our Ward area has many older trees
that eventually must come down –
instead of paying for a service, cut
those trees into lumber
● To make lumber with a crosscut
saw requires two people and an
elevated platform with one person
above and another below to saw the
planks
● Using a chainsaw's sawmill
attachment works much faster than
a crosscut and requires one person,
but the most efficient method is to
use a large band-saw mill with a
track
● Be sure to dry wood thoroughly and
watch for signs of splitting and
warping
Homemade Sawmill
 The Workshop
● The workhorse of the house
● Woodworking, metalworking,
masonry, construction,
mechanic work and such all
begin here
● For apartment tenets, a small
workbench and cabinet setup
will work just as good; power
tools may be too noisy, so rely
more on small rotary tools
(such as Dremel's) and hand
tools – metalworking will be
difficult but not impossible,
and seriously consider
composites as an alternative
 Woodworking
● Use prunings or harvesting
older or dead trees cut in a
sawmill whenever possible to
save expense
● Simple woodworking tools
can be purchased from
Deseret Industries, or made at
home
● *Shameless promotion:
Deseret industries builds their
own furniture; buying this
furniture creates jobs and
training, which leads to self-
reliance opportunities for our
less fortunate
 Wood Grains
● As the cambium (inner bark)
grows, it makes two types of
wood cells; most of these are
elongated cells that line up
with the axis of the trunk,
limb, or root - these are what
give the wood its grain; the
smaller ray cells grow out
from the pith, perpendicular
to the axis
● The grain provides structural
support to the wood and
working with the grain
provides a stronger, tougher
product
 Hand Tools
● Hand tools are more versatile than
power tools - one tool can do
multiple jobs, ex: any hammer
can drive a nail and forge metal
● Hand tools are cheaper to buy,
cheaper to operate, and can be
made and repaired easily in a
home workshop
● These tools provide a greater
degree of control and precision
● They're also very time consuming
and some require a good measure
of body strength; cutting wood
with a miter box will take several
more minutes than with a
powered compound miter
 Power Tools
● Power tools overcome hand tools
shortfalls through an electric motor
operating faster than any human
providing the torque and power
necessary to finish tasks
● They are more expensive than hand
tools, usually a 1:9 price markup
● Power tools are moving away from
plug in outlets in favor of lithium-
ion or nickel-cadmium batteries:
lithium-ion last longer and give
plenty of power 'til completely
drained, nickel-cadmium will
progressively slow the motor down
before running out – both require
long periods to charge and batteries
will get expensive
● Always wear protective gear!
Joints
 Steam Bending
● Working with straight planks
is not feasible with some
projects and can have
negative aesthetics with some
furniture applications
● Make a plan for how the
wood should be bent into
before any steaming; build a
jig to the plan – the jig should
keep the wood in place until
hardened
● Cut hardwood (soft wood
doesn't bend well) to desired
proportions and steam for 1
hour per square inch thick of
wood: if bending a length of
2X2, then steam for 4 hours
Hardware
 Paper Making
● Paper can be made from any plant
with fine fibers; longer the fibers,
greater the need for further
processing
● Most leftover plants can be
utilized; along with used paper and
tattered cloth
● Using a chopping machine or by
hand, turn the fibrous material into
pulp, strain through a screen, press
out the excess water, and hang up to
dry; cut to size when dry (leaving in
the sun will bleach the paper white)
● To make toilet paper; omit the
drying step and place the sheet into
a vacuum chamber to fluff, cut into
squares
 Masonry
● Stonework, bricks,
blocks, cement,
concrete, and so on...
Cement
Concrete
Reinforcing Concrete
Brick Making
Bricklaying
Mixing Mortar
Stone Cutting
Ceramics
Pottery
Tile Making
Glazing
Firing Pottery
 Metalworking
● Metalworking is the process
of working with metals to
create individual parts,
assemblies, or large-scale
structures
● The easiest and least
expensive methods for the
home workshop are
blacksmithing, metal
casting, and grinding
● Some of the fuels used are
charcoal, propane, and
butane
 Basic Metallurgy
● Metal is molecularity arranged in
crystalline structures – this structure
determines the hardness, toughness,
ductility, strength, transparency, and
conductivity
● Metals are similar to wood in that
both have a grain: forged metal has a
flowing grain exactly like wood,
while cast metals has a sand-like
grain
● Carbon steels and alloy steels are
designated by a four digit number by
the SAE, where the first digit
indicates the main alloying
element(s), the second digit indicates
the secondary alloying element(s),
and the last two digits indicate the
amount of carbon, in hundredths of a
percent (basis points) by weight: ex –
4140 steel
 Blacksmithing
● Tools and hardware will
eventually wear out;
blacksmithing is an easy way to
make new or repair
● A cheap set-up includes a brake
drum with some plumbing parts
and a hair dryer, a striking
surface, and a bucket of water
● Requires few tools: hammer,
grips (tongs), hot set, cold chisel,
file, and bench vice
● A thick metal surface or scrap
railroad track makes a good anvil
● Be sure to only smithy on green
burn days; between 9 AM and 5
PM – be careful not to start a fire
 Metal Foundry
● A simple furnace: first insert a pipe at the
base of a metal bin, and then insulate the
bin with a mix of clay, sand, and
sawdust; line the bottom, sides, and a lid
with it all compacted thoroughly; use gas
or charcoal as fuel – the pipe at the
bottom is connected to a hair dryer, shop
vac blower, or industrial blower
● A steel pipe crucible is good to use for
noble metals (aluminum, tin, copper,
silver, gold, etc.) and a graphite or silicate
for iron and steel
● To mold metal: use casting sand for your
mold, placed in a frame; make a wooden
die of the object to be cast and coat with
smooth latex paint for easy removal;
create a cone-shaped opening above the
die and carefully separate the frames and
remove the die; replace and pour in
molten metal and remove when cooled –
grind or machine to finish
 Welding, Brazing, and Soldering
● Welding melts the workpieces and
adds a filler material to form a pool of
molten material that cools to become a
strong joint to produce the weld – arc
welding and oxy-acetylene are the best
methods for the home workshop
● Brazing is a joining process in which a
filler metal is melted and drawn into a
capillary formed by the assembly of
two or more work pieces; not normally
used for the home, but creates a strong
bond
● Soldering is a joining process that
occurs at temperatures below 450 °C
(842 °F); it is similar to brazing in the
fact that a filler is melted and drawn
into a capillary to form a join, although
at a lower temperature – this is a very
common joining method for the home
 Metal Machining
● Machining metal involves cutting the metal
to a precision of 0.001-0.0001 inch
● Lathes spin the piece against a tool that
creates chips of waste metal:lathes only
work on a horizontal plane (x,y axis)
moving tool steel (HSS), carbide, and
diamond tools specifically shaped to carve
out the desired item; normally works
within a 0.001 tolerance, but can go more
precise if needed
● Mills clamp down the material and move it
in 3 different directions to create chips
(x,y,z axis): mills rotate the tool against the
piece, the operator uses levers to move the
piece; normally works within a 0.001
tolerance
● Grinding removes chips by spinning a
carborundum stone against the piece to a
tolerance of 0.0001 standard
● Measure product with a micrometer,
caliper, and machinist's ruler
● These machines are expensive, but can be
made at home
 Composites
● Composites are any material made
from at least two discrete
substances, such as concrete,
fiberglass-reinforced plastics, and
carbon fiber–reinforced plastics
● Composite materials allow a
blending of properties of the
separate components such that
carbon fiber–reinforced plastics
combine the high strength and
stiffness of the fiber with the low
weight and resistance-to-fracture of
the polymeric matrix
● Plastic-based composites are best
made at home through a 3D Printer;
these are becoming more
commonplace, using a CAD/CAM
program and robotics to produce
needed items
● Many 3D printed metal composites
are brittle and cannot yet replace
forged or cast items
 Cad/Cam for 3D Printing
● 3D Printers work off CAD
drawings made on a computer
(basic CAD programs available for
very little cost today) and sends the
data as layers to the printer
● The layers width are measured in
millimeters and can be adjusted for
thickness
● The printer creates a sheet of
powdered plastic or composite and
brushes off the layer's shape, then
stacks the sheets layer by layer into
the desired object and finishes with
a UV treatment
● Metal printers use a low heat shop
oven to finish
● This method of composites
molding is very expensive and still
being developed
 Glass
● Glass is a hard, brittle chemical
solution, typically transparent or
translucent, made by fusing sand
with soda, lime, and sometimes
other ingredients and cooling
rapidly. It is used to make
windows, drinking containers,
and other
Glass Blowing
 Fiberglass
● Fiberglass molding uses
sheets of material (thinner
than fiberglass insulation) that
is placed over a mold and then
exposed to poly-resin and a
chemical hardening agent to
stiffen the material sheet
● The final product is a near
perfect, lightweight, non-
conductive, and durable mold
of most anything needed
● Good for automotive, marine,
aircraft and industrial uses
 Carbon Fiber
● Carbon fiber is similar to fiberglass,
but has greater strength, hardness, and
less ductility; is more expensive
● Worked by the same molding process
as fiberglass, but the epoxy's are
different, definitely needs vacuum
molding to keep it's shape, and the
oven for curing must be hotter
● Will adhere to fiberglass for joint or
corner strengthening, but use the right
epoxy to stick both together
● Vacuum molding is when the mold and
part are coated with epoxy, and then
placed in a vacuum bag to evacuate all
air inside to cure – remove from the
bag before heating part and mold in
shop oven
● Used for practically any application
 Silicone Moldings
● Silicone molding is similar to metal
casting, without the high heat (requires
no heat!) or foundry sand
● Silicone comes in two distinct types:
food grade and construction grade; if
the mold is used for candy-making or
anything edible, do not ever use
construction silicone
● For food grade silicone molds: prepare
the molds by creating a positive form
for the silicone to shape itself around
(made from clay, play-doh, or anything
hard) and place this form into a
disposable container, then add water to
a measure of powdered silicone and
pour into container – wait 2 days
minimum for the solution to harden
and cure; remove, wash, and use
● For construction grade molds, see the
next slide
 Acrylic
● Acrylic can be
expensive – current
prices for 2 gallons is
$114.23
Polypropylene
 Latex
● Latex has many similar properties
to rubber: but doesn't have high
costs in time, materials, and
equipment; requires no heating to
make it malleable; and can be
shaped on most molds – even on
people
● Simply mix water into powdered
latex into proper viscosity or buy
pre-mixed; can be painted onto the
mold, or poured into a negative –
both work well
● If using latex as a mold, it can hold
a highly detailed negative shape for
concrete work
 Rubber
● Melting rubber is difficult, but
possible; rubber does release
fumes that can be toxic in large
doses (collect fumes by melting
under a hood with a filtration
unit attached)
● To melt: shred a car tire and
keep only the butyl rubber
shreds; using a radiating heater
(not direct flame) coat a metal
container with a good amount
of oil and add rubber – melts at
1500º F
● Pour rubber into molds or onto
a prepared surface as a sealant
 The Sewing Room
● Cotton, flax, and wool can
be processed and woven at
home
● A lot of different tools are
needed to create cloth: flax
breaker and comb, wool
cards, cotton gin, spinning
wheel, loom, etc.
● Sewing clothes is difficult at
first, but easy to pick up on;
so long as the cloth is cut
smoothly and edges
matched correctly, a simple
seam will hold well
 Working Flax Fibers
● Tools needed are a flax comb, breaker,
hatchel(s), bucket of water;cotton
needs to be run through a cotton gin
and then fiber cards; wool requires
shearing and washing first, then is run
through fiber cards
● In the field, flax is pulled up by its
roots and placed in stooks to dry
before using the comb to remove the
seed pods; then the plant is retted
either by leaving it to partially rot in
the dew of the fields or in a body of
water; once retted, the stalks are again
dried and crushed in the flax break;
from there, the remaining fiber is
scutched (combed vigorously) to
remove bits of the chaff and then still
further, pulled through a series of
graduated hatchels to clean and align
the plant fibers – chaff is good for
making rope
● From here, all the worked fibers are
run through a spinning wheel
Spinning Thread and Yarn
 Weaving Cloth
● Weaving is arranging threads into
weaves similar to basket weaves on
a mass scale
● Looms can be as simple as some
nails driven in a wood frame to a
complex powered machine
● Tie threads to proper ends of the
loom and gently weave across the
base strings with a shuttlecock,
weaving it over and under them
evenly (if you make a mistake, the
weave will be uneven and contain a
hole); when you reach the other end
of the base, loop the string over the
side and weave it back to the side
you started on, weaving it over and
under them evenly but in the
opposite order – tie off when
finished
 Dyeing and Felting

● Felting (also called Fulling)

involves laying out the cloth flat
and fully dampening it, then
pounding the single layer of
cloth with a mallet to spread and
blend the fibers uniformly
● Clothes are dyed from newer
synthetic dyes or from natural
plant dyes; plants such as
indigo, dyers woad, onion peel,
and sage grow locally and in the
wild
● Dyes are applied through a bath
of pigment and acid, or by bottle
as in tie-dyeing
Dyeing Process
Cloth Patterns and Measuring
Basic Sewing
Leather Working
 Rope Making
● Many plants with stalks
have thread-like fibers;
some plants such as
inedible flax and birch are
grown specifically for their
fibers
● When long fibers are
extracted, spin them into
threads for use as twine
● Twisting fibers into twine,
and then twisting several
twines in the opposite
direction creates rope
The Chemical Lab
 Legalities
● Due to volitility, affects on
the human body and mind,
or even by politics there's a
lot of chemicals that require
licensing to possess, or are
outright illegal to possess
● If it's not in retail stores,
contact your local
HAZMAT agency
● Some forms of very
dangerous substances can
legally be kept at home in
our State – including low
level nuclear materials
 Setting Up the Lab
● Some of the greatest discoveries
in history were made by 'common
folks' with no specialized
equipment, but what was at
hand:a 25¢ mason jar is just as
good as a $20 Erlenmeyer flask
● Regular laboratory equipment is
needed with some more
complicated formulas, and when
producing large amounts of
product faster and far more
efficiently
● Be sure to clean equipment after
every use; residues can ruin
desired chemical reactions, and if
making something medicinal –
residues can alter the cure into a
poison
 Distillation/Condensation
● Distilling requires indirectly
heating a liquid compound to
extract a specific chemical at
that chemical's vaporizing
point
● A simple still is built with an
old pressure cooker or paint
can with a coil of flexible
tubing going through a bucket
of ice water
● Throw out the first ½ cup of
distilled ethanol as this
normally contains
contaminants
 Electrolysis
● Electrolysis separates a
chemical compound using an
electrical current instead of
heating (as in
distilling/condensing)
 Bleach
● To make bleach: gather a 1 liter
bottle, two carbon rods (two
graphite pencils work very well,
scrape off the paint and sharpen
both ends), and two wires
connected to a 9-volt battery or
snip off a wall plug with a length
of wire; add one handful of pure
salt to 1 liter of water, insert the
carbon rods and power it up –
after an hour, the water will turn
a pale yellow color, this is
bleach (sodium hydrochloride)
● Only perform this outdoors:
electrolysis of saltwater creates
hydrogen and chlorine gas –
both toxic to inhale
 Soap
● Using leftover rendered fats
(plant or animal), soaps can be
made through a process of
saponification
● Be careful using lye (caustic
soda) – can cause chemical
burns; lye is extracted from
wood ash by leeching and
evaporation in a non-metal
container. Roebic© Drain
Opener is 100% commercial lye
● Soap is made either on stove top
or in the oven; stove top is best
for small batches while oven is
better for large batches with
little babysitting
● Allow the soap to age – fresh
soap can burn the skin
Glycerin
Ethanol
 Plant Extracts
● Two methods are used to create
plant extracts: leeching and
distilling
● To leech out plant essence: mix
equal parts ethanol, glycerin,
distilled vinegar, and pure
water; add 1 pint of warm liquid
for every 2 handfuls of chopped
plants – be sure to cover
completely; leave for 2-3 weeks
● To distill: place equal parts
chopped plants, pure water, and
ethanol into still and run off
until finished
● When tincture is ready, allow
alcohol to evaporate out and
store liquid in airtight container
Casein Glue
 Window and Wood Putty
● Seals and protects glass, especially
stained glass windows, from rattling,
leaking, and falling out; also works as
a wood filler to close gaps and cracks
● To make putty: obtain rubber gloves,
measuring cup, raw linseed oil, boiled
linseed oil, calcium carbonate powder,
empty paint can or bucket, stirrer,
powdered stove black, and putty knife
● Put on rubber gloves and combine 1/2
cup raw linseed oil with 1/2 cup boiled
linseed oil in an empty paint can or
bucket; stir the combination of raw and
boiled linseed oil thoroughly until well
mixed, add calcium carbonate powder
to the mixture in 1-cup increments to
make the putty light beige in color, add
more cups of calcium carbonate
powder to the mixture to make it
lighter; store in airtight container
Wood Tar
 Aspirin
● To extract acid from bark: soak in milk for
10 min (little known secret), then bake in
oven for 3 min; place the bark on paper
towel and let it soak the towel, letting the
water evaporate off the rag; then put
around 5 ml ethanol onto paper towel and
let set; filter it with 10 more mL of ethanol -
filtrate will be the salicylic acid
 Chloroform
● Chloroform is a dangerous
chemical used as an anesthetic
in the old days; hospitals use
better and safer anesthetics
today
● To make Chloroform: mix equal
parts ethanol with bleach
(sodium hydrochloride) in a
bottle and slowly heat, but don't
boil; if smelling a sweet scent,
quickly cover and allow to cool
– and back away quickly
● Do not make or use unless in an
emergency situation for minor
surgery or assist in setting
broken bones; and when
administering, use an atomizer
to control dosage – never a
soaked cloth!
Iodoform
Lab Incubator
Penicillin
 Making Penicillin
● You will need : slice of bread or citrus peel,
750ml Erlenmeyer flask, media (see Step
4), 1000ml (1 L) graduated cylinder, and
several clean milk bottles
● Prepare a penicillium culture. Expose a slice
of bread or a citrus peel to a 70º F
environment. A blue-green mold should
develop
● Sterilize equipment: in oven at 315º
Fahrenheit for 1 hour, or pressure cooker for
at least 15 minutes. Wash milk bottles
● Fill the Erlenmeyer flask. Cut the bread or
citrus peel into small pieces and fill the
flask. Allow to incubate in the dark at 70º F
for 5 days. After incubation, can be stored in
the refrigerator for no more than 10-14 days.
● Prepare the media. Dissolve in order listed,
into 500ml of cold tap water: 44.0 grams
Lactose Monohydrate, 25.0 grams
cornstarch, 3.0 grams sodium nitrate, 0.25
grams magnesium sulfate, 0.50 grams
potassium phosphate mono, 2.75 grams
glucose monohydrate, 0.044 grams zinc
sulfate, 0.044 grams manganese sulfate.
Add enough cold tap water to make one
liter. Use hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH
to between 5.0 and 5.5.
● Fill the bottles with media. Use only enough
so that when the bottle is placed in its side,
the media does not reach the plug.
● Add the penicillin spores. First sterilize the
bottles of media in a pressure cooker or in
the stove. When cooled, add 1 Tbsp of the
spores.
● Incubate the bottles undisturbed on their
sides at 70º F for 7 days. If the culture has
worked to produce penicillin, it will be in the
liquid portion of the media following this
incubation period. Filter the media and
refrigerate immediately. If you must use it,
although this should be avoided, use as
soon as possible
The Utility Shed
 Firewood
● Any wood is firewood
● To split logs for the fireplace,
saw the log into a standard 2 foot
length and cover with a plastic
tarp for 6 weeks; split with an ax
or maul
● For larger rounds, use a wedge
to do the first few splits
● A froe and mallet will split large
logs with more precision than
with just an ax
● If using firewood exclusively,
best to get a gas or electric
splitter
● For use in wood burning stoves;
split the firewood further with a
hatchet
 Charcoal
● Charcoal is a light, black
residue, consisting of carbon
and any remaining ash,
obtained by removing water
and other volatile constituents
from animal and vegetation
substances
● Charcoal is made by setting
wood alight in a large fire,
and then covering the fire to
cut off all air; when the pile is
cooled off, uncover and store
for later use
● Good way of using small
pruned branches and
woodworking scraps
 Methanol (Wood Alcohol) Extraction
● In the 1940's, with fuel
shortages during WWII,
many transportation
companies and emergency
responders turned to wood
gas powered vehicles
● When wood is heated, it
releases methanol that ignites
the fire in your fireplace, but
most of the methanol goes up
the chimney – a gasifier
collects all of that gas,
condenses and filters, and
finally sends it into the engine
● Methanol fumes are very
toxic
 Methane Digestor
● Anaerobic digestion is a
collection of processes by which
microorganisms break down
biodegradable material in the
absence of oxygen
● A methane digestor takes in waste
products (leftovers, animal
manure, human restroom waste,
etc) and ferments it into methane
(natural) gas, industrial liquor, and
refined fertilizer
● When compressed, the gas can
run a stove, power generator,
automobile, etc.
● Very dangerous to do in an urban
enviroment: best to have the
digestor inspected by a
professional before use
 Windmill Turbine
● Wind power is hard to win and store, so you
should always use wind-generated
electricity sparingly. Never use it for
heating appliances
● In order to exploit wind power you must
have an average wind speed of at least 9
mph, with no lengthy periods of low winds;
even so you will need battery storage to
cover up to 20 consecutive days of calm
● Apart from an electricity-generating
windmill, you need a voltage regulator and
a cut-out to prevent the battery from
overcharging
● Total batten- storage capacity needs to be:
20 X average current needed in amps
(w7atts-^ volts) X average usage time in
hours per day, measured in amp hours.
Standard domestic electric appliances
requiring 220 volts a.c. can be driven from a
bank of 12 volt (d.c.) batteries by an
electronic invertor
 Building a Wind Turbine
● The typical electricity-generating
windmill is available in kit form or as a
do-it-yourself design
● The aluminum or fiberglass blades are
pivoted from the hub: centrifugal force
works on the balance weights and
overcomes a set of springs attached to
the hub shaft, so the blades feather
automatically if the rotor overspeeds.
A toothed rubber belt drives a car
alternator to produce up to 750 watts
● Power is transmitted down the inside
of the tower, either through a
conducting slip ring and brush, or by a
cable which can be released when it is
twisted, thus providing a breakable
connection; similar arrangements
might be improvised though they
might suffer in reliability
● Need a building permit to install one
on your property
 Photovoltaic (Solar) Panels
● Solar panels can be used as part
of a larger photovoltaic system
to generate electricity
● Newer panels have the ability to
gather in overcast days and very
resilient to impact damage
● To be truly independent and off
the power grid requires a 2 kWh,
30 amp system... and 12 hours of
sunlight every day; this is very
expensive in our climate and
weather zone
● Solar panels are best tied to a
multi-power source system with
a wind turbine and electrical
generator
 Electrical Generator
● A generator is a device that
converts mechanical energy to
electrical energy for use in an
external circuit; the source of
mechanical energy may vary
widely from a hand crank to an
internal combustion engine;
generators provide nearly all of
the power for electric power grids
● Uses gasoline, propane, or
methane (natural) gas
● Attaching a lawn mower motor to
a car's alternator is a cheap and
easy generator; include breakers,
transformer, and regulator/cut-off
● Send all unused power into a
battery bank for later use
Batteries
Transformers
Breakers
Fuses
 The Communications Center*
● This communication center
discussed will be an in-home
system, not for an entire Ward or
Stake
● “Wards and stakes should not
purchase or accept donated
satellite telephone or amateur
radio equipment for use in an
emergency or for installation in
a meetinghouse. Leaders are
encouraged to identify
individuals who may already
have their own equipment to
assist with specific ward and
stake communication needs.”
- Facilities Management
Handbook
Radio Waves
Wireless Telegraph
Radio Transmitter/Transceiver
HAM Radio
Creating Media
Bulletin Boards & Wall Newspapers
 Short Stories, Novella's, and Novels
● A short story is a brief work of
literature, usually written in narrative
prose
● A novella is a written, fictional, prose
narrative normally longer than a short
story but shorter than a novel
● A novel is a long narrative, normally in
prose, which describes fictional
characters and events, usually in the
form of a sequential story
● Prose is a form of language that
exhibits a grammatical structure and a
natural flow of speech rather than a
rhythmic structure (as in traditional
poetry)
● Poetry, put very simply, is the best
words in the best order
Story Plot Diagram
 The Cultural Hall
“God has blessed us with wonderful
facilities in which to teach the living
truth. We now have meetinghouses
scattered across the continents. Let us
use them to nurture our people with
‘the good word of God’ [Jacob 6:7]”
- Gordon B. Hinckley, in Conference
Report, Apr. 1997
 Cultural Hall Sound System
● Power Switch: the cultural hall local sound
system is turned on by pressing the power
button. This button will not work if the ● Auxiliary Input Jacks (RCA) at Control
chapel sound system is on and the folding Panel: portable media players can be
partitions are open between the chapel and plugged into the RCA auxiliary jacks in the
the cultural hall. With the power on, all cultural hall control panel. Also, a multiple
microphone inputs in the cultural hall are input audio adapter box (EJ-8 or EJ-10 [crab
on at a nominal preset level box]) can be used to connect a portable media
player to any microphone input jack in the
● Manual Mode: manual mode overrides the cultural hall. Detailed instructions are found
preset levels and allows the microphone with the adapter box
levels to be adjusted using the volume
controls; Mic 1 controls microphone 1
input in the room, Mic 2 controls
microphone 2 input in the room, Mic 3
controls the microphone input and the two
auxiliary inputs on the control panel
● Microphones: the sound system has been
equalized for optimum performance using
the microphones supplied with the system.
The microphones supplied are directional.
They are more sensitive to sound in front of
them than to unwanted sound coming from
behind. The system will not perform as
well with older microphones or with other
microphones that have a different response
 Singing
“Because singing the hymns invites
the companionship of the Holy
Ghost, we become more receptive
to gospel truths as we participate.
Both the messages and the music of
the hymns invite us to “come unto
Christ, and be perfected in him”
(Moroni 10:32). As we sing, the
Spirit testifies of the Savior’s
divinity and other eternal
principles. And no matter how well
they are sung or by whom, the
hymns have power to strengthen
and inspire us as we use them,
lifting us to higher spiritual
ground.”
- W. Herbert Klopfer, Church
Music Department, Jan 2012
 Auto-tune
● Many of today's singers use
auto-tune to match their
voices to the music easier – in
theory, this program can
make anyone sound like a
wonderful singer; most
singers since the 1980's just
lip-sync their pre-recorded
tracks on-stage or video
● Basic auto-tune programs are
available online for free or as
a phone app, but the standard
program is still necessary to
accurately sync the vocals to
the music
Radio Shows
Theater
 Motion Pictures
● During Hollywood's golden age a single,
low budget film of several millions of $$
required thousands of people to tell a 90
minute story
● With today's technology, an Elder's
Quorum can create an A-list movie with a
miniscule budget
● Use a digital camera (even low budget one's
are very good today), a boom mic, some
lights from the hardware store, and rigs
made of scrap lumber; a 3-camera set up is
the benchmark for a professional job
● Movie creation programs for your home
computer can now do fast editing, special
effects, and final formatting; also possible
to do animation from home; software can
be downloaded for free, but better to get a
mid-price program for special effects and
DVD or MP4 formatting
● “Church satellite and video equipment are
used only for noncommercial, Church-
related purposes as authorized by the stake
presidency or bishopric.” - Facilities
Management Handbook
 Silent Films
● Despite the decrease of interest in
silent movies in recent years, many
industry leaders agree that making a
silent movie teaches the many
important aspects of film production
for beginners; many consider the art of
motion pictures to have matured in the
silent era (1894 to 1929) and many argue
aesthetic quality decreased when
talkies were introduced
● Silent films require actors to use more
pantomime and physical presence
rather than dialog; any dialog appears
in Title Cards
● Directors and crew must focus on
storytelling, sets, and lighting; not so
much on linguistics
● An instrumental sound track or live
piano normally accompany the film;
free instrumental music is available
Basic 3-Camera Arrangement Shots
The Electronics Lab*
Electronic Components
Building a Computer
Programming a Computer
Robotics
Cyber Security
The Garage*
 Urban Draft Animals
● Yes, this is real
● Large to giant dog breeds can
be trained to a harness and used
as draft animals – medium
breeds can be used, but
families are limited to 2 large
dogs per household by law
● To acclimate a dog to draft
work: first train to a harness
and getting comfortable with
that, followed by a set of
'training wheels' ( a rig with
two wheels and no weight),
followed by the cart and slowly
training the dog to weight
Building and Modifying Bicycles
 Horseless Carriages
● When the automobile first came on
the market there were over 600 car
manufacturers in the US; majority
were just blacksmiths looking for a
new market – you can build a basic
car with simple blacksmith's tools
● Today, Horseless Carriage Replicas
(HRC's) can be street legal after
inspection and licensing under the
same category as a golf cart; not
legal for freeways or highways, but
good enough for side roads and
neighborhoods
● A small 5 hp horizontal shaft motor
is good enough for most models
and designs; must be capable of 25
mph
● Free plans available online
Mounting a Motor
 Steam Locomotives
● Railroads are considered
outdated; an interesting hobby
for backyards and still useful for
mass transit - especially after a
societal and economic collapse
● The main issue for building a
locomotive is the boiler – a
series of pipes that transverse
over a heat source to bring the
water to a boil; the steam then
leaves through either the piston
(this drives the train forward) or
through the whistle or pressure
release valve
● Requires laying down track – a
very expensive and lengthy
process
 Boats, Rafts, and Amphibious Crafts
● Rafts are any floating object(s) that
can support a person or persons – if
it can carry you on water, it's a raft
● Boats are specially designed rafts
that can move at better speeds with
greater strength and weight
displacement to carry more
payloads or people
● Converting a car to an amphibious
vehicle is difficult but not unheard
of: be sure to weld all areas that can
leak into the interior and power
system, install watertight rotaries
for the wheels, move or extend air
intake and exhaust pipe above
water line, and possibly add a
marine engine instead of using the
car engine on water
Mosquito Ultralights
 Aerostats (Airships)
● As with Mosquito's and
locomotives, Aerostats are practical
after a societal and economic
collapse
● For an area such as ours a small,
non-rigid airship would work best
● Hot air balloons are good for
observations but are not capable of
steering; aerostats are powered and
ruddered but are still at the mercy
of strong winds
● To control the pitch aerostats
employ a Balloonet; a smaller
balloon inside a balloon that fills
with either air or gas to raise or
lower the altitude
The Armory*
Legalities
Forging Knives
Non-Lethal Capture Armaments
Smoke Bombs
 Archery
● The bow and arrow dates to
antiquity as the most accurate
ranged weapon of it's time, until the
refinement of firearms finally
superseded it
Gunpowder
Gunsmithing
Flintlock Guns
Shotguns
Zip Guns
Sten Gun
Rifles
Ballistic Armor
Molotov Cocktails
Rockets
 Amusements
● hghvjh ● hgfhgjghhk
Ferris Wheel
Merry-Go-Round
Roller Coaster