Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense adalah bentuk tense yang paling umum digunakan. Bentuk ini biasanya
digunakan untuk menunjukan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat ini.

Rumus Kata Sinyal Kalimat Positif Kalimat Kalimat Tanya

Negatif
Does he work
Subject + always, every, He does not
He always works very hard in the
Verb 1 never, normally, work very hard
very hard in the company?
(present often, sometimes, in the
company Yes, he does. /
form) usually, seldom company.
No, he does not.

Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang sedang
berlangsung saat pembicaraan sedang berlangsung atau bisa juga digunakan untuk rencana
di masa depan.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + Is he playing
at the moment, He is not
am/is/are + Look! He is computer games
just now, now, playing
Verb -ing talking with his at the moment?
right now, Listen!, computer
(continuous classmates. Yes, he is. /
Look! games now.
form) No, he is not.

Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense menekankan pada hasil. Tense ini menunjukkan aksi yang masih sedang
berlangsung atau baru saja selesai.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Has he
Subject + completed the
already, ever, just, He has not
has/have+ He has already arrangement for
never, not yet, so been to
Verb III (past finished his the coming
far, till now, up to Australia so
participle homework. event up to
now far.
form) now?
Yes, he has. /
 No, he has not.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah selesai pada
suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai
sekarang. Biasanya aksi tersebut ada durasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi
sekarang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + Has he been
HAS/HAVE for the past 5 He has not playing the
He has been
+ BEEN + years, how long been speaking computer game
working here
Verb -ing …?, the whole for the last 3 all day?
since 1996.
(continuous week, since xxxx hours. Yes, he has. /
form) No, he has not.

Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi di masa
lampau.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

yesterday, 2
Did he pay the
Subject + minutes ago, in Last year, he He did not go
bill yesterday?
Verb II (past 1996, last always worked to school this
Yes, he did. /
form) Thursday, this into night. morning.
No, he did not.
morning

Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada
waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Biasanya ada dua kejadian di masa lampau dan satu kejadian
menginterupsi kejadian yang lain. Kejadian yang sedang diinterupsi tersebut yang
menggunakan past continuous tense.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + He was not Was he writing
He was
WAS/WERE when, while, as doing his the letter to his
speaking when I
+ Verb -ing long as, at this homework at parents when I
entered in
(continuous time yesterday this time was out last
room.
form) yesterday. Tuesday?
 Yes, he was. /
No, he was not.

Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebuah kejadian yang terjadi sebelum waktu
tertentu di masa lampau dan lebih menekankan pada fakta daripada durasi.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Had he entered
the company
Subject + He had finished
before yesterday, He had not before he
HAD + Verb his designs
till three days ago, been a high achieved his
III (past before he went
already, until that school student master degree in
participle to work
day until last year. 1990?
form) yesterday.
Yes, he had. /
No, he had not.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense hampir serupa dengan past perfect tense. Digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan suatu aksi yang terjadi di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu
tertentu di masa lalu, tapi tense ini menekankan pada durasi kejadiannya.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Had he been
Subject + He was told
speaking for the
HAD + He said that he that his teacher
whole class
BEEN + for, since, the had been had been
before I
Verb -ing whole day, all day working here waiting for
entered?
(continuous for ten years. him since 2
Yes, he had. /
form) p.m yesterday.
No, he had not.

Simple Future Tense

Simple Future tense mengindikasikan suatu aksi di masa yang akan datang dan tidak dapat
dipengaruhi. Dapat juga digunakan untuk pembuatan keputusan di masa depan yang spontan atau
asumsi yang berhubungan dengan masa yang akan datang. “Will” dan “be going to” merupakan
2 indikator umum pada tenses ini.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + in a year, next …, He is going to He will not Will he go to
“WILL/ BE tomorrow, next be journalist play computer the cinema
GOING TO” week, five days after he games tomorrow with
+ Verb later graduate next anymore us?
(present year. because he Yes, he will. /
form) understand No, he will not.
how harmful
they are.

Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense menunjukkan aksi yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa yang
akan datang dan aksi yang pasti akan terjadi dalam waktu dekat.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + He will be Will he be
He will not be
“WILL/BE delivering the playing football
doing the task
GOING TO” tomorrow speech to next morning in
in the office
+ “BE” + morning, in one undergraduates the
this afternoon
Verb year at 3 p.m playground?
because he is
(continuous tomorrow Yes, he will./
sick.
form) afternoon. No, he will not.

Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense menekankan pada aksi yang akan berakhir pada waktu tertentu di masa
yang akan datang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject +
He will not Will he have
“WILL He will have
have finished finished the task
HAVE” + by next Monday, finished the task
the given task in a week?
Verb II (past in a week by next
by tomorrow Yes, he will./
participle Monday.
evening. No, he will not.
form)

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Hampir sama dengan semua jenis perfect continuous tense, future perfect continuous tense
merupakan serangkaian aksi yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa yang akan
datang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject +
He will not Will he have
“WILL He will have
have been been doing the
HAVE for the last couple been taking
doing the task research all day
BEEN” + of hours, all day charge of the
for the last long?
Verb III (past long team for the
couple of Yes, he will./
participle next hour.
hours. No, he will not.
form)

Past Future Tense

Past future tense pada dasarnya digunakan dalam kalimat yang tidak langsung, dimana terdapat
perubahan bentuk untuk menyesuaikan dengan rangkaian peristiwa yang ada.

Signal
Pattern Affirmative Negative Question
Words
He did not Did you tell
He said that promise that him when I
Subject +
he would he would would arrive?
“SHOULD/WOULD”
leave in three buy you a Yes, I
+ Verb (present form)
days. new did. / No, I
computer. did not.

Past Future Continuous Tense

Past future continuous tense menekankan pada serangkaian atau durasi sebuah aksi terjadi.
Sebagai tambahan, ini juga biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak langsung.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

I did not tell
Did you say
I made a anyone that I
that you
promise that I would be
Subject + would be
would be giving a speech
“SHOULD/WOULD working hard
doing my to
BE” + Verb in the next
homework all undergraduates
(continuous form) week? Yes,
day long for the next
I did /
tomorrow. whole
No, I did not.
morning.

Past Future Perfect Tense

Terdapat 3 waktu dalam past future perfect yang terjadi di masa lalu. Menunjuk pada waktu
yang akan datang, waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tetapi aksi yang terjadi harus sudah selesai
sebelum waktu yang akan datang. Dan biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak langsung.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Did you say
He said that
He told the that you
Subject + he would not
students that would have
“SHOULD/WOULD have made
they should been a doctor
HAVE BEEN” + such a
have finished in three years?
Verb III (past mistake if he
the homework Yes, I did
participle form) had taken my
this morning. / No, I
advice.
did not.

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense merupakan bentuk tense yang cukup sulit. Namun, kamu
dapat mempelajarinya dari past future perfect tense. Bedanya, past future perfect tense
menekankan pada durasi waktu yang sudah berlalu dan hasil.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Would he have
been
I did not
explaining to
I heard that know that he
Subject + the workers if
you should would have
“SHOULD/WOULD he had made
have been been
HAVE BEEN” + the
teaching here working for
Verb (continuous information
for ten years the past three
form) clear?
by this July. hours by that
Yes, he would
time.
/ No, he would
not.