Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
CELL BIOLOGY
Semester : I Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To enable the students to learn the principles of structure and functions of cell
and their organelles.
Unit 1: Introduction 9
Cell as a basic unit of living systems – discovery of cell - the cell theory and pre-cellular evolution –
diversity of cell size and shape – Classification of cells – Ultra structure of Prokaryotic cell and
Eukaryotic cell and their differences. Plant cell and animal cell similarities and dissimilarities –
Microscope – a short history and its importance in cell biology – Light microscope - Components and
applications – handling.
Plasma membrane – structure (fluid mosaic model) and function, transport of small molecules,
channels, carriers, receptors, endocytosis, potentials. Cell wall: prokaryotic (bacteria) and eukaryotic
(plant) – their structure and function.
Cell division and cell cycle (including cell synchrony and its applications) – events during mitosis and
meiosis and their significance. Cell cycle regulation. Cell-cell interactions and signal transduction -
intercellular junctions, signaling by hormones and neurotransmitters; receptors, G-proteins, protein
kinases and secondary messengers. Cell locomotion (amoeboid, flagellar and ciliar) - muscle and
nerve cells - Cell senescence and death, Cell differentiation in plants and animals.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Verma P.S. & V.K. Agarwal, “Cell Biology, Genetics and Molecular Biology”, 2000, S. Chand.
2. Cohn, N.S., “Elements of Cytology”, 1979, Freeman Publishers.
3. Darnell, J., Lodish, KL and Baltimore, D., “Molecular Cell biology”, 2008, W. H. Freeman
Publishers.
4. De Robertis, E.D.P. and Robertis, E.M.F., “Cell and Molecular biology”, 1991, Lea and
Febiger, Washington.
5. J Roy, S.C. & Kalyan Kumar De, “Cell Biology”, 1997, New Central Book Agency, Calcutta
CHEMISTRY
Semester : I Credits : 5
Category : Allied Hrs/Wk : 4
Unit 1: Atoms 9
Structure of atoms: Dalton’s atomic theory – subatomic particles – concepts of atoms and molecules –
symbols for elements – electronic configuration of atoms – isotopes – shapes of atomic orbitals –
periodical table – periodic classification – periodicity – valency – chemical bond.
Unit 2: Properties 9
Materials on earth: Properties of gas, liquid, solid, compound, mixtures, solutions, colloids,
suspension- acids, bases and salts – conductors and non-conductors.
Changes around us: slow and fast changes – reversible and irreversible reactions – exothermic and
endothermic reactions – condition of chemical reactions – types of chemical reactions – mole concept
and stoichiometry in chemical reaction – technique used to determine chemical reactions.
Organic chemistry and energy: organic compounds – classification – functional groups – aromatic,
aliphatic, heterocyclic compounds – alkanes in gasoline – fuel from biogas, coal, hydrogen.
Chemistry in living world: physical and chemical properties of amino acids and proteins – properties
and kinetics of enzymes – bioenergetics – thermodynamics.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Lee, J.D., “Concise Inorganic Chemistry”, 2009, 5 Ed., Blackwell Science.
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2. Negi A.S & Anand S.C., “A textbook of physical chemistry”, 2007, 2 Ed., New Age
International Publishers.
3. Soni, P.L & Mohan Katyal, “A Textbook Inorganic Chemistry”, 2007, Sultan Chand & Sons.
4. Mathews, P., “Advanced Chemistry”, 1996, Cambridge University Press
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5. Voet, D. and Voet, JG., ”Biochemistry”, 2010, 4 Edition, John Wiley & Sons.
Course Objective: To equip students with fundamental knowledge and concepts of computers and
basic programming skills.
Components of a computer – input device (keyboard, mouse), output devices (monitors and printers),
central processing unit, memory (RAM and ROM), secondary storage devices – Hard disk, magnetic
tape, zip drives, digital tape, CD-ROM, DVD, BluRay. Number system: introduction, types - Decimal
number system, Binary number system, Octal, Hexadecimal and their conversions using simple
examples – Binary Codes: Introduction, types: Gray, Alphanumeric, ASCII, EBCDIC.
Hardware and Software definition - Introduction to Operating systems- functions, classification: real
time, single user single task, single user multi task, multitask, Basic description about DOS, Windows
98/XP, Windows server NT/2000,UNIX/LINUX, MVS, MacOS. Overview of Software Development -
Software Development Phases – problem definition, analysis, algorithm design and representation,
coding and debugging (simple description about each phase).
Basic Flowchart symbols and their meaning – Pseudocode – definition and importance – Syntax and
Semantics - Programming approaches – Procedural, object oriented –. Programming languages –
definition, categories – low level languages: Machine languages, assembly languages - advantages
and disadvantages - High-level languages - advantages and disadvantages - interpreters, compilers
and translators – overview of compilation process - types of high level languages.
Multimedia: Introduction, Characteristics, Elements and Applications. The Internet and its Resources,
World Wide Web (WWW): Associated tools, services, resources and various terminologies - An
overview of computer viruses: virus definition, symptoms, transmission, dangers and general
precautions.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Glenn Brookshear J, “Computer Science: An Overview”, 2011, 11 ed., Addison Wesley
Publishers.
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2. Alexis Leon & Mathews Leon, “Fundamentals of Information Technology”, 2009, 2 Ed.,
Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
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3. Rajaraman. V, “Fundamentals of Computers”, 2004, 4 Ed., Prentice Hall India Pvt. Ltd.
4. Francis Glasborrow & Roberta Allen, “A Beginner’s Introduction to Computer Programming”,
2003, John Wiley and Sons.
5. Anurag Seetha, “Introduction to Computers and Information Technology”, 2005, Ram Prasad
& Sons, Bhopal.
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6. Basandra S.K., “Computers Today”, 2011, 1 Edition, Galgotia Publications.
CHEMISTRY LAB
Semester : I Credits : 2
Category : Allied Practical Hrs/Wk : 4
Volumetric analysis:
acidimetry
alkalimetry
permanganametry
Dichlorometry
Iodimetry
Complexmetry
GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
Semester : II Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To provide the students basic knowledge on microbes and techniques to handle.
Basic Morphology of Bacteria and algae – cell wall, peptidoglycan, difference between gram positive
and gram negative cell wall, cell membrane and their special structures, bacteriochlorophyll,
endospores, flagella, cilia, pilus, Bacterial DNA – chromosome and plasmids. Introduction to Fungal
morphology – yeasts and molds (hyphal filaments). Composition and structure of Virus - their
different forms.
Microscopy - Principles and applications, dark field, bright field, resolving power, magnification,
numerical aperture, chromatic aberration, phase contrast microscopy, fluorescent microscopy,
inverted microscopy, stereo microscopy, electron microscopy, TEM and SEM. Principles of staining,
simple staining, negative staining, differential staining, gram and acid fast staining, flagella staining,
capsule and endospore staining.
Microbial growth, Growth curve, generation time, Synchronous, batch and continuous culture,
measurement of growth and factors effecting growth. Cultivation and maintenance of microorganisms,
nutritional categories of microorganisms, methods of isolation, purification & preservation of pure
culture.
Life cycle pattern of microbes: Viruses (Lytic and Lysogenic), bacteria, fungi-yeast and Neurospora.
Sterilisation, disinfection, antiseptic, tyndallisation, pasteurization: Physical- dry heat, moist heat, UV
light, ionizing radiation, filtration, HEPA filter, Chemical-phenol and phenolic compounds, (halogen
aliphatic alcohol, formaldehyde, ethylene oxide, heavy metals) anionic and cationic detergents.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Pelczar MJ, E.C.S. Chan and Noel R. Krieg, “Microbiology”, 2004, 5th Ed., Tata McGraw Hill.
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2. Prescott, Harley and Klein, “Microbiology”, 2010, 8 Ed., McGraw Hill.
3. Powar, C.B. & Daginawala, H.F., “General Microbiology”, 2005, Himalaya Publishing House.
4. Atlas RM, “Principles of Microbiology”, 1997, WCB Publishers.
5. Davis BD, Dulbecco R, Eisen HN, Gihsbercs HS, “Microbiology”, 1990, Lippincott Williams and
Wilkins publishers.
Semester : II Credits : 5
Category : Allied Hrs/Wk : 4
Differentiation and Integration - Concept of limit, continuity, differentiation, maxima and minima,
introduction to partial differentiation, Integral calculus, definite integral
Trigonometric ratios, De Moivre’s theorem, the general equation of a Straight line, slope of a line,
intercepts of a line, Angle between two lines, Intersection of two lines, the general equation of a
Circle.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Boas, M.L., “Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences”, 2005, 3 Ed., Wiley Publication
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2. Prasad, G., “Textbook on Differential Calculus”, 2003, 4 Ed., Poothisala Publications.
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3. Prasad, G., “Textbook of Integral Calculus”, 2003, 3 Ed., Poothisala Publications.
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4. Ayers, F. “Matrices and Vectors”, 1962, 1 Ed., Schaum Outline Series Publishing Co.
5. Schwartz, J.T., “Introduction to Matrices and Vectors”, 2001, Courier Dover Publications
PROGRAMMING IN C
Semester : II Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 4
Historical background of ‘C’: Character set, Constants, Variables, Keywords and Comments,
Instructions: Type declaration instruction, Arithmetic instruction, Integer and float conversion,
Hierarchy of operations, Control instructions.
Control Structure Definition, Various types of control structure used in ‘C ’ and its various applications
Decision control structure: The if statement, if-else statement, Nested if-else and forms of if. Case
control structure: Decision using switch, the goto statement
Introduction to Function: Application of function, Passing Values, Scope and rule of functions,
advanced features of function, Function declaration and prototype, call by values and call by
reference, Pointer: Introduction, Pointer notation and Back to function call, Recursion.
Importance of arrays in ‘C’, Array initialization, Bounds checking, passing array element to a function,
Pointer and arrays – multidimensional arrays. Strings: Basic concept of strings, Standard library
function of string: strlen(), strcply(), srcat(), strcmp(), Two dimensional array of characters, Array of
pointer to strings, Limitation of array of pointer to strings.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1) Balaguruswamy, E., “Programming in Ansi C”, 2011, 5 Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publications
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2) Yashvant P. Kanetkar, “Let us C”, 2008, 8 Ed., Infinity Science Press.
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3) Brian W. Kernighan & Dennis Ritchie, “The ‘C’ Programming Language”, 2006, 2 Ed., Prentice
Hall Publications.
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4) Gottfried, B., “Programming with C”, 1996, 2 Ed., Schaum’s Publishing Series.
5) Dilip Mali & Pramod Vasambekar, “C Application Program Project”, 2007, Penram International
Publication (India) Pvt. Ltd.
MICROBIOLOGY LAB
Semester : II Credits : 2
Category : Core Practical Hrs/Wk : 4
Sterilization techniques
Media preparation
o Liquid
o Solid
Simple staining
Differential staining
o Catalase test
o Oxidase test
o IMVIC test
o TSI test
o Carbohydrate fermentation
C LAB
Semester : II Credits : 2
Category : Hrs/Wk : 4
Expressions
Control Statements
Looping Constructs
Operators
Arrays
Pointers
Strings
Functions
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Course Objective: To enable students to understand and appreciate role of microbes in wide variety
of areas.
Microbial Production of Amino acids, Antibiotics - Streptomycin, Penicillin, Cephalosporins and other
secondary metabolites
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Tortora G J., Berdell R. Funke, Christine & L. Case, “Microbiology – An Introduction”, 2010,
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10 Ed., Benjamin Cummings.
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2. Satyanarayana. U, “Biotechnology”, 2008, 3 Ed., Books and Allied (P) Ltd.
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3. Mark Wheelis, “Principles of Modern Microbiology”, 2007, 1 Ed., Jones and Barlett
Publishers.
4. Madigan, M. T., John M. Martin & Jack Parker, “Brock’s Biology of Microorganisms”, 2010,
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13 Ed., Prentice Hall International, Inc., London.
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5. Daniel Lim, “Microbiology”, 2002, 3 Ed., McGraw-Hill Company, New York.
GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY
Course Objective: To acquire basic knowledge about molecules present in living systems and their
importance.
UNIT 1: CARBOHYDRATES 9
Amino acids: Classification, Essential & Non essential amino acids, structure and properties. Peptide
bond and Polypeptides. Protein: Definition, classification and functions – structural levels of
organization - difference between polypeptides and protein,
UNIT 3: LIPIDS 9
Lipids: Classification, physical & chemical properties, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, Structure
of cell membrane & transport.
UNIT 5: ENZYMES 9
Enzymes – Definition, classification with example, active site, lock & key model, induced fit
hypothesis. Enzyme units – kinetics - Michaelis-Menten’s Equation form and details significance of
Vmax and Km- factors affecting enzyme activity – Enzyme inhibition – definition and types.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Voet, D., Voet, J.G., Pratt, W.C., “Fundamentals of Biochemistry”, 2011, 4 Ed., John Wiley
Publications.
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2. Rastogi, S.C., “Biochemistry”, 2010, 3 Ed., Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publications.
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3. Agarwal, “Text Book of Biochemistry”, 2007, 14 Ed., Krishna Publishers.
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4. Nelson L.D. & Cox, M. M, “Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry”, 2011, 5 Ed., W. H. Freeman
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5. Jain, J. L., “Fundamentals of Biochemistry”, 2004, 6 Ed., S.Chand Publication.
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6. Stryer, L., Berg, J.M. & Tymoczko, J. L., “Biochemistry”, 2010, 7 Ed., W. H. Freeman & Co. Ltd.
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7. Sathyanarayana, U. & Chakrapani, “Biochemistry”, 2008, 3 Ed., Books and Allied (P) Ltd.
GENETICS
Semester : III Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To enable students understand the concepts of genetics and its importance in
biotechnology and bioinformatics.
General characters - skin colour in man, ear size in corntransgressive variation. Multiple alleles:
Albino series in Rabbits- ABO blood group in man- self sterility in tobacco - Structural and Numerical
Aberration Involving Chromosomes Hereditary defects-Kleinfelter, Turner and Down syndromes,
Mutations- spontaneous and induced; chemical and physical mutagens; induced, mutation in plants,
animals and microbes for economic benefit of man.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. William Klug, “Essential of Genetics”, 2009, 7 Ed., Pearson Educations
2. Griffiths A.J. F., Wessler, S.R., Lewontin, R.C. & Caroll, S.B., “Introduction to Genetic Analysis”,
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2010, 10 Ed., W. H. Freeman Publishers
3. Hartwell, L, Leroy Hood, Michael Goldberg, Ann Reynolds, Lee Silver, Ruth Veres, “Genetics: From
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Genes to Genomes”, 2010, 4 Ed., Mc-Graw Hill Series.
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4. Krebs J.E., Goldstein, E.S., & Kilpatrick, S.T., “Lewin’s Genes X”, 2010, 10 Ed., Jones and Barlett
Publishers.
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5. Sudbury, P. & Sudbury, I., “Human Molecular Genetics”, 2009, 3 Ed., Pearson Education.
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6. Benjamin A. Pierce, “Genetics: A Conceptual Approach”, 2011, 4 Ed., W. H. Freeman Publishers
BIOSTATISTICS
Semester : III Credits : 5
Category :Allied Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To review the basic concepts of statistics relevant to biology data handling.
Unit 1: Introduction 7
Data and its collection- Classification of Data: purpose of classification, advantages, types of
classification. Tabulation of Data: Objectives of tabulation, rules of Tabulation, Difference between
classification and Tabulation- Diagrammatic presentation of Data: Line Diagram Bar diagram
percentage bardiagram-Pie diagram Graphical Representation of Data- Histogram. Frequency curve,
frequency Polygon, Ogives.
Mean, Median, Mode, Quartiles, Deciles, and percentiles-merits and demarits of the above measures.
Mean deviation measures of dispersion:- Range, mean deviation, standard deviation, and its relative
measures- co-efficient of variation.
Regression - Meaning, Linear regression regression co- efficient and its properties Regression
equations, fitting, prediction-Difference between correlation and Regression.
Tests of Significance Null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, simple hypothesis and composite
hypothesis, two types of errors- single tail and two tailed test. Large sample test: Test of Significance
of a single mean and difference between two means- Student’s ‘t’ test: test of significance of a single
mean and differences between means when n1=n2 and n1≠n2 Chi square test for goodness of fit-
Analysis of variance-meaning, assumptions, one way classification and two way classification (simple
problems).
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Zar, J.H. “Biostatistical Methods”, 2009, 5th Ed., Prentice Hall Publications.
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2. Gurumani. N, “Introduction to Biostatistics”, 2004, 1 Ed., MJP Publishers, Chennai.
3. Sundar Rao, P.S.S. & Richards, J. “An Introduction to Biostatistics”, 2003, 3rd Ed., CMC.
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4. Daniel W.W., “Biostatistics – A foundation for analysis in the Health Sciences”, 1999, 1 Ed.,
John Wiley and Sons.
5. Bishop, O.N, “Statistics for biology”, 1983, 3rd Ed., Prentice Hall Press.
Course Objective: To impart object oriented programming skills using C++ language and understand
it’s importance in biological data management.
Principles of object oriented programming (OOP): Software evolution-OOP paradigm basic concepts
of OOP-object oriented languages-applications of OOP.
Unit 2: Functions 9
Classes and objects: constructors and destructors and operating overloading and type conversions.
Unit 4: Inheritance 9
Inheritance: Types – single, multilevel, hierarchical and hybrid inheritance. Pointers, virtual functions
and polymorphism. Managing console I/O operations.
Working with files: Classes for file stream operations-opening and closing a file-end of file (EOF), file
detection-file pointers-updating a file-error handling during file operations-command line arguments.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Balagurusamy, E., “Object oriented programming with C++”, 2008, 4 Ed., Tata McGraw Hill.
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2. Herbert Schildt, “C++ The complete Reference”, 2003, 4 Ed, Qinghua University Press.
3. Yashavant P. Kanetkar, “Let us C++”, 2003, BPB Publications.
4. Ray Lischner, “Exploring C++:The Programmer’s Introduction to C++”, 2009, Apress
Publishers.
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5. Deitel, P & Deitel, H., “C++ How to Program”, 2011, 8 Ed., Prentice Hall.
BIOCHEMISTRY LAB
Semester : III Credits : 3
Category : Core Practical Hrs/Wk : 5
C++ LAB
Semester : III Credits : 2
Category : Hrs/Wk : 4
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Semester : IV Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To expose students to molecular level details of the cell and their associated
processes.
Central dogma of Molecular Biology.DNA Replication. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic DNA replication,
Mechanism of DNA replication, Enzymes and accessory proteins involved in DNA replication.DNA
Repair – light and dark mechanisms . Regulation of gene expression-lac and trp operons.
UNIT 2: Transcription 9
UNIT 4: Oncogenes 9
Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes-Viral and cellular oncogenes,tumor suppressor genes from
humans, Structure, function and mechanisms p53 tumor suppressor proteins. Homologous
Recombination-Holliday junction model.
Molecular Mapping of Genome - Genetic and physical maps. Southern and fluorescence in situ
hybridization in genome analysis – PCR and its types.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Lodish, H., Berk, Matsudaira, Kaiser, Krieger, Scott, Zipursky, and Darnell, “Molecular Cell Biology”
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2010, 6 Ed., W. H. Freeman Publishers.
2. Alberts, B., Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter, “Molecular
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Biology of the Cell”, 2002, 4 Ed., Garland Science Publishers.
3. Watson, J.D., Baker, T.A., Bell, S.P., Gann, A., Levine, M. & Losick, R., “Molecular Biology of the
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gene”, 2008, 6 Ed., Pearson Prentice Hall.
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4. Karp, G., “Cell and Molecular Biology”, 2009, 6 Ed., Wiley Publications.
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5. Malacinki, G.M., “Essentials of Molecular Biology”, 2005, 4 Ed., Jones and Barlett publisher.
INTRODUCTION TO BIOINFORMATICS
Semester : IV Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 5
Course Objective: To enable students to learn important databases and their associated tools
commonly employed in bioinformatics
UNIT 1: Introdution 9
Introduction to Genomic data and proteomic Data Organization-post genomic era- data acquisition-
functions and purposes of biological databases- relational and object oriented concepts - Information
retrieval concepts of digital libraries. Information Retrieval from Biological Databases:ENTREZ-SRS.
Primary & Secondary database- Format vs content-INSDC- GenBank Flat File - EMBL nucleotide
sequence data bank - DDBJ - RNA SEQUENCE DATABASES: 16S and 23S rRNA mutation
databases- HIV sequence databases-NONCODE-sequence submission tools: sequin, webin, sakura,
Bankit.
PDB - PDBsum – SCOP - CATH - MMDB - EMSD - SWISS MODEL repository – ModBase - Protein
Model Portal – EuroCarbDB – DIP – BIND - STRING.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Orpita Bosu & Simminder Kaur Thukral, “Bioinformatics: database, tools, algorithms”, 2007, Oxford
University press.
2. Higgins, D. & Willie Taylor, “Bioinformatics: Sequence, Structure, and Databanks: A Practical
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Approach”, 2000, 1 Ed., Oxford University Press.
3. Attwood, T. & David Parry-Smith, “Introduction to Bioinformatics”, 2008, Pearson Education
(singapore) P Ltd.
4. Lesk A, M., “Introduction to Bioinformatics”, 2009, Oxford University Press.
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5. Mount W. D., “Bioinformatics: Sequences and genome analysis”. 2004, 2 Ed., Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratory press.
BIOPHYSICS
Semester : IV Credits : 5
Category : Allied Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To discuss the structural nature of biomolecules and their importance in living
systems.
Unit 2: Thermodynamics
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Thermodynamics of biological systems-importance of Gibbs free energy, G-free in terms of enthalpy
and entropy – dependence of G on temperature and pressure - chemical potential - chemical
equilibrium.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Pattabhi V. & N. Gautham, “Biophysics”, 2008, 2 Rev ed., Alpha Science International Ltd.
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2. Bengt Nolting, “Methods in Modern Biophysics”, 2009, 3 Ed., Springer.
3. Cotterill, R., “Biophysics: An Introduction”, 2003, John Wiley & Sons.
4. Haynie, D.T., “Biological Thermodynamics”, 2008, Cambridge Press.
5. Daune M., “Molecular Biophysics: Structures in Motion”, 1999, Oxford University Press.
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6. Glaser R., “Biophysics: An Introduction”, 2012, 2 Ed., Springer.
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7. Roy, R. N., “A Text Book of Biophysics”, 2005, 6 Ed., New Central book agency Pvt. Ltd.
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8. P. Narayanan, Essential of Biophysics, 2010, 2 Rev. Ed., Anshan Ltd.
Course Objective: To explain the fundamental knowledge and concepts of buffers, metabolism and
energy management of the cell.
Unit 1: Buffers 7
Definition and determination of pH, Henderson Hasselbalch Equation. Dialysis, Surface tension and
Viscosity. Principle and Applications of Colorimetry and Chromatography.
Lipid Metabolism - Biosynthesis of Saturated &Unsaturated fattyacids. Beta & omega oxidation of
fatty acids and cholesterol Biosynthesis.
Unit 5: Bioenergetics 10
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Jain, J. L., “Fundamentals of Biochemistry”, 2004, 6 Ed., S.Chand Publication.
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2. Rastogi, S.C., “Biochemistry”, 2010, 3 Ed., Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publications.
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3. Agarwal, “Text Book of Biochemistry”, 2007, 14 Ed., Krishna Publishers.
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4. Nelson L.D. & Cox, M. M, “Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry”, 2011, 5 Ed., W. H. Freeman
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5. Voet, D., Voet, J.G., Pratt, W.C., “Fundamentals of Biochemistry”, 2011, 4 Ed., John Wiley
Publications.
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6. Stryer, L., Berg, J.M. & Tymoczko, J. L., “Biochemistry”, 2010, 7 Ed., W. H. Freeman & Co. Ltd.
rd
7. Sathyanarayana, U. & Chakrapani, “Biochemistry”, 2008, 3 Ed., Books and Allied (P) Ltd.
.
Course Objective: to enable students learn the concepts of databases and technologies employed in
managing web.
Examples of logical models – hierarchial, network and relational models – RDBMS – object oriented
models. Database users and Administrators - Centralized and Client-Server Architecture, Distributed
DBMS, Data Integration, Data Warehousing.
Advantages and Components of DBMS – Feasibility study – Class Diagrams – Data types – Events –
Normal Forms – Integrity – Converting Class Diagrams to normalized tables – Data Dictionary–
Structured Query Language Basic Structure, Set Operations, Aggregate Functions, Null Values,
Nested Sub queries, Views, Integrity: Domain constraints, Joined Relations, Data-Definition
Language, Embedded SQL, Dynamic SQL - Testing queries.
Networking - LAN, WAN & MAN, Intranet - Internet, Web Services WWW, URL, DNS - Servers-E-mail
server, WEB servers, Browsers -IP Addressing - Structure of an IP address – Topologies - FTP and
Telnet
How a Web Browser communicates with a web server, what is HTML and various standard HTML
tags, Introduction to CSS, Using external CSS files, Java Script, Basic Concepts, data types, control
structures, operators, basic scripting.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Date, C.J., Kannan, A. & S. Swamynathan, “An introduction to Database systems”, 2006, 8 Ed.,
Pearson Education.
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2. Elmasrim R & Navathe, S.B., “Fundamentals of Database Systems”, 2004, 4 Ed., Addison Wesley
Publishers.
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3. Ullman, J. D. “Principles of Database systems”, 2008, 2 Edition, Galgotia Publications.
4. Dr.C.Xavier, ”WWW with HTML”, 2001, McGraw Hill Education.
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5. Deitel and Deitel, “Internet and World Wide Web”, 2009, 2 Ed., Pearson Education International.
Semester : IV Credits : 2
Category : Core Practical Hrs/Wk : 5
8. PAGE
9. PCR (Demonstration)
DBMS LAB
Semester : IV Credits : 2
Category : Hrs/Wk : 4
1. DDL
2. Simple Queries
3. DCL
4. DML
5. Built-in-functions
6. Group Functions
7. Multiple sub-queries
CONCEPTS IN BIOINFORMATICS
Semester : V Credits : 4
Category :Core Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To provide students with foundation in the important concepts associated with
bioinformatics.
Introduction. Sequence Alignment – Scoring matrix – PAM, BLOSUM, Gaps and Gap Penalities.
Different gap weights, Biological significance of Gaps.
Sum of Pairs, Divide and Conquer, Progressive and Iterative alignment, ClustalW, TCOFFEE. Profile
Methods – Gribskov profile, PSI-BLAST
Clustering and Phylogeny; Methods for Phylogeny analysis: Distance and Character based methods;
Motif detection; Protein family databases;
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
IMMUNOLOGY
Semester : V Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To expose students to the fundamental knowledge and concepts of immunity,
immune system and it’s functioning.
Unit 1: Introduction 9
Historical perspectives and overview of immune system, Types of immunity - innate and acquired
immunity. Arms of acquired immunity - Immune system- Organs and Cells, Haematopoiesis.
Antigen – Properties, Classes. Haptens, Adjuvants. Humoral response – B cell activation and
proliferation. Cell mediated immunity – receptors and T cell activation. Major Histocompatability
Complex – structure and its role in T-cell activation. Hypersensitive reactions (type I, type II, type III,
type IV).
Immunoglobulins – Structure and function., Monoclonal anti bodies. Organization and expression of
immunoglobulin genes. Antigen – Antibody interaction – primary, secondary - agglutination reactions,
precipitation reactions, tertiary reactions – solid phase immunoassays.
Unit 4: Cytokines 9
Cytokines: Types and function, Complement system – Classical pathway and Alternate pathway,
Immune regulation and suppression, Autoimmunity, Vaccines and immune response to infections
diseases, Immune deficiency diseases (AIDS).
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
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1. Roitt, L.M., J. Brestoff and D.K. Males, “Immunology”, 2006, 6 Ed., Freeman and company
Publications.
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2. Thomas J. Kindt , Barbara A. Osborne, Richard Goldsby, “Kuby’s Immunology”, 2006, 6 Ed.,
Freeman and company
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3. William E. Paul, “Fundamental Immunology”, 2003, 5 Ed., Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
4. Rajasekara Pandian M and Senthil kumar, “Immunology and Immunotechnology”, 2007, Panima
publishing corporation, New Delhi.
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5. Roitt. & Roitt, “Essential Immunology”, 2006, 11 Ed., Wiley Blackwell publishers.
Semester : V Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: To enable students learn the programming skills using PERL programming
language as applicable to bioinformatics.
Introduction to PERL and data types – scalars – a functional approach – constructing atgc.pl. tr///
function – text formatting – formatting numerical output with printf – trapping errors at run time – the
s/// operator – the chop and chomp operators.
Introduction to arrays and Hashes– split function – for each loop – advanced array operation –
copying and creating arrays – populating arrays with sequential data – qw function – determination of
the size of an array – counting arrays – accessing last element in an array – adding elements to the
end of an array – adding elements – removing elements – altering elements – array slices – splicing
array – sorting arrays – reversing arrays – arrays from strings. Creating Hashes-Adding elements to
Hashes- printing hash elements.
Perl regular expressions – special characters (+, *,?, [ ]) – regex operator – pattern modifier operator
– conditional matching operator – range operator – match quantifiers – pattern comments.
Perl control statements – control structures – if statements – if-else – if-elsif – if-elsif-else – while loop
– until loop –unless for loop – foreach loop – scoping of variables. Introduction to Perl modules:
Getopt: Long module and LWP:: Simple Module. Files – operating files – file modes – file test
operators – accessing files with , @ ARGV variable – accessing file with perl modules – extracting
files – deleting files – accessing directories – Cwd module – system function – perl subroutines and
functions.
Unit 5: Bioperl
12
General Bioperl Classes, Sequences, Sequence Manipulation, Features and Location Classes -
Alignments: AlignIO - Analysis: Blast. Databases: Database Classes, Accessing a local database -
Bioperl module - parsing blast reports – align sequences – clustalw.pm
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
st
1. Harshawardhan Bal, “PERL Programming For Bioinformatics”, 2002, 1 Ed., Tata McGraw Hill
Publications.
nd
2. Steven Holzner, “PERL, Black Book”, 2001, 2 Ed., Dreamtech Publications.
3. James D. Tisdall, “Beginning Perl for Bioinformatics”, 2001, O’Reilly Publications.
4. James D. Tisdall, “Mastering Perl for Bioinformatics”, 2003, O’Reilly Publications.
5. Cynthia Gibas & Per Jambeck, “Developing Bioinformatics Computer Skills”, 2001, O'Reilly Media.
th
6. Randal Schwartz and Tom Phoenix and brian d foy, “Learning Perl”, 2005, 4 ed., O'Reilly &
Associates.
Semester : V Credits : 4
Category : Application Oriented Hrs/Wk : 4
Course Objective: Explain the fundamental knowledge and concepts of computers; introduce the
computer organization and its development; acquaint computer operations and develop basic
programming skills
Unit 1: Introduction 9
History and recent developments in rDNA Technology - Enzymes in rDNA Technology – Restriction
Endonuclease – Ligases – Alkaline phospotase – Polynucleotide kinase - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl
transferase - S1 nuclease - DNA polymerase - Rnases – Ribonuclease – Reverse transcriptase -
Taq polymerase .
Vectors- Plasmids - Size - Copy Number - Amplification- Types – Plasmid pBR322 - origin –
advantage –pUC - Col E1 plasmid – Ti plasmid - F plasmid – R plasmid . Lamda phage vectors,
cosmids and phagemid as vectors.
Unit 3: Viruses 9
Animal and Plant Viruses and their use as vectors, Shuttle vectors, Expression vectors. Screening
and selection of recombinant clones.
Unit 4: Techniques 9
Gene transfer techniques. Molecular mechanism of antisense technology. PCR, RAPD, RFLP, Safety
regulations in recombinant DNA.
Unit 5: Libraries 9
Construction of genomic and cDNA libraries, screening of libraries, Site directed mutagenesis, Ethical
issue involving in rDNA Technology. rDNA Technology in solving human problems.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS
th
1. Lewin, B., Kreb’s, J.E., Goldstein, E.S., & Kilpatrick, S.T., “Lewin’s Gene X”, 2010, 10 Ed., Jones
and Barlett Publisher.
th
2. Primrose, S B and Twyman, R.M, “Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics”, 2006, 7 Ed.,
Blackwell Publishing Company.
rd
3. Satyanarayana. U, “Biotechnology”, 2008, 3 Ed., Books and Allied (P) Ltd
th
4. Brown, T.A., “An Introduction to Gene Cloning”, 2003, 5 Ed., Willey Blackwell Publications.
5. Glick, B.R., Pasternak, J. J. & Patten, C.L., “Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and Applications
th
of Recombinant DNA”, 2010, 4 Ed., ASM Press.
IMMUNOLOGY LAB
Semester : V Credits : 2
Category : Core Practical Hrs/Wk : 5
PERL LAB
Semester : V Credits : 2
Category : Core Practical Hrs/Wk : 4
1. Scalar variables
2. Array variable
3. Array functions
4. Hashes variable
5. Control structures
6. Looping Constructs
7. File input and output
8. Pattern matching
9. Subroutines
Elective I
NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
Semester : V Credits : 5
Category : Elective I Hrs/Wk : 5
Unit 1: Introduction 9
Nanotechnology – definition and scope, nanobiotechnology- recent development and applications,
Biocompatability and cytotoxicity studies of Nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes , Bioconjugation
mediated drug delivery. General medicine is changing into personalized nanomedicine.
Unit 2: Biopolymer 9
Biopolymer- polymer nanofibers - electrospinning method and their biomedical applications, polymer
nanocomposite- bone and dental restorations, polymer controlled drug delivery for the treatment of
cancer and other diseases. Biodegradable polymer derived from amino acid.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Challa S.S.R. Kumar, “Biological and Pharmaceutical nonmaterial’s”, 2006, Wiley-VCH Verlag
GmBH & Co.
2. Jain. K.K., “Nanobiotechnology in Molecular Diagnostics: Current Techniques and Application”,
2006, Horizon Biosciences.
3. Niemeyer, C.M. & Mirking C.A., “Nano biotechnology concepts. Applications and Perspectives”,
2004, Wiley- VCH, Weinheim
4. Claudio Nastruzzi, “Liposphere in drug targets and delivery”, 2005, CRC press.
ELECTIVE – I
PLANT AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Semester : V Credits : 5
Category : Elective I Hrs/Wk : 5
Course Objective: To provide overview on the importance of different concepts associated with Plant
and Animal cells.
Unit 1: Introduction 9
Introductory history - Laboratory organization - sterilization techniques – nutrition for plant cells, types
of media – MS – Nitsch & Nitsch media, Gamborg’s media, White’s Media. Structure and function of
Growth regulators – Auxins, Cytokinins and Gibberellins. Establishment and maintenance of callus
and suspension cultures. Somatic embryogenesis, cytology of callus. Green house effect.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Davis. M. J., “Animal Cell culture: Essential Methods”, 2011, Wiley Blackwell Publications
rd
2. Satyanarayana, U., “Biotechnology”, 2008, 3 Ed., Books and Allied (P) Ltd.
rd
3. Chawla, H.S., “Introduction to Plant Biotechnology”, 2009, 3 Ed., Oxford and IBH Publishing
4. Islan A.C., “Plant tissue culture”, 1996, Oxford& IBH Publishing Co.
nd
5. Ramawath, “Plant biotechnology”, 2003, 2 Ed., S. Chand & co.
ELECTIVE – I
BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY
Semester : V Credits : 5
Category : Elective I Hrs/Wk : 5
Isolation, screening and maintenance of industrially important microbes; Microbial growth and death
kinetics (an example from each group, particularly with reference to industrially useful
microorganisms); Strain improvement for increased yield and other desirable characteristics.
Bioreactor designs; Types of fermentation and fermenters; Upstream processing: Media formulation;
Sterilization; Aeration and agitation in bioprocess; Measurement and control of bioprocess
Parameters; Scale up and scale down process.
Alcohol, acids, solvent, antibiotics, amino acids and single cell protein; Fermentation economics of
Largescale production.
Production, recovery and scaling up of enzymes and their role in food and other industries;
Immobilization of enzymes and their industrial applications.
Recommended Texts
st
1. Rajiv Dutta, “Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering”, 2010, 1 Ed., Springer, Heidelberg.
nd
2. Henry C. Voegel, “Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook”, 2007, 2 Ed., William
Andrew Publishers.
3. Jackson AT, “Bioprocess Engineering in Biotechnology”, 1990 (Digitized: 2007), Oxford University
Press.
nd
4. P F Stanbury, S. Hall, “Principles of fermentation technology”, 1999, 2 Ed., Butterworth –
Heinmann Publishers.
nd
5. Michael L. Shuler, “Bioprocess Engineering: Basic Concepts”, 2001, 2 Ed., Prentice Hall.
ALGORITHMS IN BIOINFORAMTICS
Semester : VI Credits : 4
Category : Core Hrs/Wk : 5
Course Objective: To enable students understand the basic algorithms necessary for proper
interpretation of results obtained by using several bioinformatics tools.
Definitions – strings – substrings, superstrings, suffix and prefix strings – operations on strings –
concatenation – delete operator – graphs – definitions – directed, connected, cyclic, complete graphs
– trees and terminology – leaf, node, branch root – algorithms – big O notation – classification of
algorithms – P, NP, NP-hard, NP – complete, with examples.
Why align sequences – similarity v/s homology – heterologs, orthologs, paralogs, xenologs – Karlin –
Altschul statistics to estimate significance of an alignment – expectation values and Z values –
sequence comparisons using dot matrices with examples – dynamic programming – details of
Needleman – Wunsch, and Smith – Waterman algorithms with worked out examples – BLAST and
FASTA.
Multiple sequence alignment, substitution matrices. Representing and scoring a multiple sequence
alignment – progressive or hierarchical alignment with worked out examples – substitution matrices –
evolutionary models – PAM substitution matrices – BLOSUM substitution matrices – gap penalties
phylogenetic trees – distance matrix methods – UPGMA, neighbour joining, with worked out examples
– maximum parsimony with worked out examples - maximum likelihood. and phylogenetic trees
Pattern discovery and characterization in protein and DNA sequences. Sequence pattern
representations – deterministic patterns – regular expressions – probabilistic patterns – sequence
logos – general methods of pattern classification – methods for proteins – hidden Markov models and
application to analyses of protein sequences – general methods of gene discovery – using HMM,
GenMark
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
nd
1. Mount D.W., “Bioinformatics: Sequences and genome analysis”. 2004, 2 Ed., Cold Spring
Harbor Laboratory Press.
2. Gautham. N., “Bioinformatics: Databases and Algorithms”, 2006, Narosa publications.
3. Srinivas V.R. “Bioinformatics: A Modern Approach”, 2009, Prentice-Hall.
4. Pevzner P.A., “Computational Molecular Biology”, 2004, Prentice Hall of India Ltd.
5. Gusfield D., “Algorithms on Strings, Trees and Sequences”, 1997, South Asian Edition,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
6. Durbin R., S. Eddy, A.Krogh & G.Michison, “Biological Sequence Analysis”, 1999, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, UK
7. Baldi P. & S.Brunak “Bioinformatics”, 2003, Affiliated East-West Press, New Delhi, India
Course Objective: To introduce the students to the concept of in silico and in vitro analysis of
Genome and Proteome.
Organization of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes; Genome maps and types; current
sequencing technologies; partial sequencing; gene identification; gene prediction rules and softwares;
Genome databases; Annotation of genome. Genome diversity: taxonomy and significance of
genomes bacteria, yeast.
Unit 2: Genomics: 9
Basic concepts and applications, whole genome alignments: understanding the significance; Artemis,
BLAST2, MegaBlast algorithms, PipMaker, AVID, Vista, MUMmer, applications of suffix tree in
comparative genomics, synteny and gene order comparisons Comparative genomics databases:
COG.
Mapping of Human Genome; Construction of physical maps; Basics of radiation hybrid maps;
Sequencing of the entire human genome, annotation and analysis of genome sequences: sequence
repeats, transposable elements, gene structure.
Unit 4: Proteomics 9
Protein arrays: basic principles. Computational methods for identification of polypeptides from mass
spectrometry. Protein arrays: bioinformatics-based tools for analysis of proteomics data (Tools
available at ExPASy Proteomics server); databases (such as InterPro) and analysis tools.
Introduction; Expression proteomics (express profile); Cell map proteomics; Protein separation
technology - 2D-Gel Electrophoresis, liquid chromotagraphy, affinity chromatography (for cell map
proteomics); mass spectroscopy and its uses in protein identification; Forward and Reverse
Proteomics
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
rd
1. Primrose, S.B. and Twyman, R.M., “Principles of Genome Analysis and Genomics “, 2003, 3 Ed.,
Blackwell Publishing Company, Oxford, UK.
st
2. Liebler, D.C. “Introduction to proteomics Tools for the new biology”, 2002, 1 Ed., Human Press
Inc., NJ, USA.
3. Pevsner, J., “Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics”, 2003, John Wiley and Sons, NJ, USA.
4. Mount, D.W., “Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis “, 2004, Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratory Press, New York.
5. Lesk, A.M., “Introduction to Bioinformatics”, 2009, Oxford University Press, UK.
6. Rastogi, S.C., N. Mendrita P. Rastogi, “Bioinformatics Methods and Applications: Genomics
nd
Proteomics and Drug Discovery”, 2006, 2 Ed., Prentice Hall India
Semester : VI Credits : 4
Category : Application Oriented Hrs/Wk : 5
Course Objective: To develop students managing biomolecular structures and designing of effective
drugs using in silico methods.
Techniques used to determine the structure of biomolecules; Methods for single crystal X-ray
Diffraction of macromolecules: molecular replacement method; analysis of structures and correctness
of structures; submission of data to PDB: atomic coordinates and electron density maps.
Ramachandran Plot Analysis, the structural formats - mmCIF formats and other data formats, The
Nucleic Acid Database, Protein data Bank, other structure databases and Molecular visualization
tools, Rasmol, SPDBV, Pymol
Methods for prediction of secondary and tertiary structures of proteins knowledge-based structure
prediction; fold recognition; ab initio methods for structure prediction, Comparative protein modeling.
Protein structure evolution, the SCOP database, The CATH domain structure database, structure
quality assurance, structure validation, structure comparison and alignment. Secondary structure
assignment, Identifying structural domains in proteins, inferring protein function from structure.
Drug design: Drug discovery process. Target identification and validation, lead optimization and
validation. Methods and Tools in Computer-aided molecular Design, Structure based drug design:-
Docking, De Novo Drug Design (Fragment Placements, Connection Methods, Sequential Grow),
Virtual screening.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Mount, D.W., “Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis”, 2004, Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratory Press, New York.
2. Lesk, A.M., “Introduction to Protein Architecture”, 2001, Oxford University Press, UK.
3. Mc Pherson, A, “Introduction of Molecular Crystallography”, 2003, John Wiley Publications, USA.
4. Leach, A.R., “Molecular Modeling Principles and Applications”, 2001, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall, USA.
5. Pattabhi V. & N. Gautham, “Biophysics”, 2008, 2 Rev ed., Alpha Science International Ltd.
6. Philip E Bourne, “Structural Bioinformatics”, 2004, Wiley Publications.
Elective – II
SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
Semester : VI Credits : 5
Category : Elective-II Hrs/Wk : 5
Course Objective: To enable students to obtain overview on in silico methods in managing metabolic
pathways.
Unit 1 Introduction 9
Systems Biology- Networks.- basics of computer networks and Biological –uses and Integration. Micro
array – definition, types of array, Micro array analysis: Hierarchical clustering, Applications of Micro
Arrays in systems biology- Self-organizing maps- Connectivity maps- definition and its uses- Networks
and Pathways – Types and methods. Metabolic networks, or network of metabolites and enzymes.
Translating biochemical networks into linear algebra. Cellular models, ECELL Networks and Motifs –
Gene Networks: basic concepts, computational model such transcription networks basic concepts .as
Lambda receptor and lac operon as an example. – all types of networks.-uses.
Introduction- databases KEGG and EMP etc. Introduction- databases MetaCyc and AraCyc etc.,
Expression databases and various databases related to systems biology.
Reconstructing metabolic pathways from sequence and function information in microbial species;
statistical profiling and function annotation of genomes with a microbial genome as an example.
Recommended Texts
1. Hunt, S.P. and Livesey, F.J., “Functional Genomics a practical approach”, 2000, Oxford University
Press, UK.
2. Wilkins, M.R., Wiliams, K.L., Appel, R.D. and Hochstrasser, D.F. “Proteome Research: New
frontiers in Functional Genomics“, 1997, Springer Verlag, New York, USA.
3. Witten, I.H. and Frank, E., “Data mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques”, 2005,
Morgan Kauffman Publishers, USA.
ELECTIVE – II
APPLICATIONS OF BIOINFORMATICS
Semester : VI Credits : 5
Category : Elective II Hrs/Wk : 5
Course Objective: To expose students to important areas employing the concepts of bioinformatics.
Systems Biology- Networks.- basics of computer networks and Biological –uses and Integration. Micro
array – definition, types of array, Micro array analysis: Hierarchical clustering, Applications of Micro
Arrays in systems biology- Self-organizing maps- Connectivity maps- definition and its uses- Networks
and Pathways – Types and methods. Metabolic networks, or network of metabolites and enzymes.
Unit 2: Pharmacogenomics 9
Unit 4: Immunoinformatics 10
Definition of Immunoinformatics – overview of the Immune system- Bioinformatics strategies for better
understanding of immune function – structural features of MHC peptides-MHC peptide interaction
parameters: a) interface area between peptide and MHC, b) intermolecular hydrogen bonds,
Immunological databases – IMGT – IMGT-GENE-DB – IMGT-HLA IMGT/LIGM-DB – HaptenDB –
EPITOME – dbMHC – GenPep.
Unit 5: Nutrigenomics
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Hunt, S.P. and Livesey, F.J., “Functional Genomics a practical approach”, 2000, Oxford University
Press, UK.
2. Wilkins, M.R., Wiliams, K.L., Appel, R.D. and Hochstrasser, D.F. “Proteome Research: New
frontiers in Functional Genomics“, 1997, Springer Verlag, New York, USA.
5. Simopoulous, A.P. & Milner, J.A., “Personalized Nutrition”, 2010, Karger Press.
ELECTIVE – II
CHEMINFORMATICS
Semester : VI Credits : 5
Category : Elective II Hrs/Wk : 5
Course Objective: To provide overview on role of computers in managing chemical data associated
with biological systems.
Chemical Databases - CHEMDB, KEGG LIGAND, CSD, CAS REGISTRY, BIOMETA DB, National
Cancer Institute Database(NCI) - Chemical searching methods - exact searching, sub structure
searching, similarity searching, reaction searching.
Combinatorial chemistry: Introduction, Liquid Phase synthesis, Solid phase synthesis, Designing
combinatorial Synthesis, High through put screening.
Combinatorial library design - Rational principles of compound selection for combinatorial library
design and optimization approach, Descriptor Analysis, Modeling toxicity, Computer Assisted
Synthesis design and structure based library design.
Application of cheminformatics - QSPR Drug design - Target identification and Validation, lead finding
and optimization - Pharmacophore-Based Drug Design - Structure-Based Drug design - Application of
Cheminformatics in Drug Design.
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. Leach, A.R.& Gillet, V.J., “An Introduction to Cheminformatics”, 2007, Revised Edition, Springer
Publication.
2. Gasteiger, J & Dr. Thomas Engel, “Cheminformatics”, 2003, Wiley-VCH Press.
3. Bajorath, J., “Cheminformatics: Concepts, Methods and Tools for Drug Discovery”, 2004, Humana
Press.
4. Oprea, T. L., “Cheminformatics in Drug Discovery”, 2005, Wiley-VCH Press.