NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]

ISSN: 2394-3696
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2 FEB.-2015

Design , Analysis And Manufacturing of Garbage compactor

- a Review
Suraj gavali (Student)
Dr.D.Y.Patil Institute Of Engineering And Technology Pune,Maharashtra,India
Email:suraj.gavali@gmail.com
Dr.R.J.Patil (Principal)
Dr.D.Y.Patil Institute Of Engineering And Technology Pune,Maharashtra,India
Email:rupesh1002001@yahoo.com

Abstract
The collection of waste is vital work that ensures our communities remain pleasant environments in which to
live. But major problem we are facing today is transportation of the waste which can be reduced by compacting
or reducing size of particular waste. A compactor can be used to reduce the volume of waste streams. The waste
weight will remain the same so there will be no savings from the total amount of waste produced. However,
savings will occur because waste volume will be reduced by approximately 80% which will decrease the
number of times the dumpster will need to be emptied, therefore resulting in lower pick up fees..

Keywords-compactor , dumpster.

INTRODUCTION
Compactors are run very infrequently and are relatively efficient when run meaning the amount of energy
consumed by the compactor will be low. Compactors come in a variety of mounting configurations, including
free standing and through-the-wall types. It is at the discretion of facility personnel to select the compactor that
will best serve the facility layout since the difference in type does not alter the compactor effectiveness.
H. Corporaaland T. Veldman[1] which has published paper on “The Design Space of Garbage Collection.In this
paper they have been presented a new garbage collection design and classification model, based on six
parameters. This was made possible by carefully reconsidering the fundamentals of garbage collection in
relation to the discussed developments. System designers was guided by that model to choose the right
combination of collection parameters suited for their application and system environment. Furthermore, this
model could serves as a basis for garbage collection evaluation model]. This paper has concluded a new design
model for garbage collection, based on 6 collection parameters. The model has the following properties: The
model was a framework in which all existing garbage collection methods fit. The model relates methods, which,
until now, were considered totally unrelated. It contributed to the understanding of the principles underlying
garbage collection. Garbage collection researchers can use the model to explore newand untried methods, filling
the 'holes' of theparameterizeddesign space.
“A Fast Analysis for Thread-Local Garbage Collection with Dynamic ClassLoading“[2]has been
represented by Richard Jones and Andy C. King. In this they have presented a new static analysis and a novel
GC frameworkdesigned to address this issue by allowing independentcollectionof thread local heaps. dynamic
class loading, requires neither write-barriers that may do unbounded work, nor synchronisation, nor locks

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
ISSN: 2394-3696
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2 FEB.-2015

duringthread-local collections; these analysis was sufficiently fast topermit its integration into a high-
performance, production qualityvirtual machine They concluded That the analysis can classify objects in
presence of incomplete knowledge, and is sufficiently fast to make incorporation into a production JVM
feasible. The developerwas also concluded system is safe, and generates best-case solutions, even in the
presence of dynamic class loading; it requires neither synchronisation nor locks for local collections, nor a
runtimewrite-barrier that may do an unbounded work.
Yuming Guan, Baoshuang Yao, ShaohuaZhang ,Yanjun Xiao presented paper on [3]“ Analysis on
Vibrator of Vibrating Compactor Based on ANSYS”. In this paper they has been analysed the working process
of vibrating compactorpoints that the traditional motion mode of vibrator may cause uneven distribution of
materials and proposes a new mode of motion. Lastlyusing the finite element software ANSYS, they have
performed the stress analysis of the whole working process, and obtained the best position of vibrators. In this
paper they have concluded that if the materials bear stress evenly, the best position of vibrators will be drawn.
So this motion mode is reasonable and feasible. Authorer has a certain practical significance to the type of
vibration mechanism’s design and application.
Alan Jay Smith published paper on[4] “The Need for Measured Data in Computer System
Performance Analysis or Garbage In, Garbage Out”. In this paper they discussed various types of models and
when and what type of accurate workload data is needed. They have been concluded that They havesearched
study of a computer or system design is useful is the accuracy of the workload information used to drive, or
incorporated in, the system model Highly sophisticated models incorporating incorrect assumptions or wrong
parameter values are of little use.
“Analysis with ADAMS/ANSIS on Dynamic Properties of Rotating Hook lift Garbag Truck” [5]published
by Guanglin SHI, Shuxun CHEN, Guangmin LIANG and GuanglinSHI.In this paper, they said to find the exact
position where stress is the biggest while rotating hook-lift hoisting, firstly, they used ADAMS to realized
dynamic simulation of working process, and then took the information got from ADAMS as boundary
conditions of finite element analysis.

They have been concluded that the their Experiments showed destroyed positions of components were contact
surfaces among the first hydraulic cylinder and first arm, and they were just as same as the results of analysis.
Therefore these proved results of analysis were right, and this research supplied technological foundation for
the future topological optimization and instructed the nationalization.
Fred Brown published “Incremental Garbage Collection in Massive Object Stores”[6]. In this paper they
have presented two new algorithms that both employ reference counting at the local level. One algorithmwas
used reference counting at the higher level and the other used tracing at the higher level. An evaluation strategy
was presented to support comparisons between these four algorithms and preliminary experiments are
outlined.In this they have been concluded of incremental garbage collection algorithms for massive object
stores with examples of safe and complete algorithms where they exist., two new algorithms have been
presented for categories where none were previously known. The new algorithms illustrate how reference

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
ISSN: 2394-3696
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2 FEB.-2015

counting can be used in the presence of cyclic garbage to construct incremental garbage collection algorithms
that are both safe and complete. Anexperimental framework for evaluating the algorithms was briefly
outlinedandis currently being implemented.
Douglas M. Washabaugh and Dennis Kafura[7] published “Incremental Garbage Collection of Concurrent
Objects for Real-Time Applications”. This paper shows how to perform real-time automatic garbage collection
of objects possessing their own thread of control. The main problem, the relevance of automatic management
and concurrent objects to real-time applications is briefly discussed. The spec@c model of concurrent objects
used in the paper is explained. they analysis of the relationship between latency, memory overhead and system
size shows that this approach is immediately feasible for low performance real-time systems or multiprocessor
real-time systems with a dedicated processor for garbage collection.Future improvements in the collector’s
performance are outlined.In this paper they have been concluded thatthe analysis of latency time versus memory
size presented in the preceding section clearly limits the real-time applications which can immediately exploit
garbage collection and concurrent objects.
Maurizio Faccio , Alessandro Persona , Giorgia Zanin [8] presented a“Waste collection multi objective
model with real time traceability data“ This paper describes a framework about the traceability technology
available in the optimization of solid waste collection, and introduced an innovative vehicle routing model
integrated with the real time traceability data, starting the application in an Italian city of about 100,000
inhabitants. The model is tested and validated using simulation and an economical feasibility.This study
represented an important contribution in the management of the last phase of the life cycle of food and its
packaging material,. they developed of effective distribution routing models in very critical contexts in term of
perishable food, integrating the presented real time traceability data with the physical conditions of the
transported items (temperature, humidity, etc.)
.Dong Yang, Zaiqiang Lou, Linhua Zhang, XuetingLiu ,CongjuZhang,Zhiyu Wang has published [9] “The
comparative analysis on the characteristic of two technologies for garbage incineration stoker “ .This article
shows the comparative analysis of the characteristic oSITY2000 incinerator stoker and CFB incinerator stoker.
It introduced the characteristics of two sorts of technology in detail and concluded that both of these two
technologies can be used for garbage power industry in our country. The CFB incinerator stoker has good
comprehensiveperformances.[9]They have been concluded that both kinds of sity2000 incinerator stoker and
cfb incinerator stoker have their own advantages and disadvantages. these two kinds of incinerator stoker
technology have been used in the rubbish power plant in china.. They were all suitabled for china's garbage
power plant industry. They can choose different technologies to apply to their garbage power plant according to
different situations. This was meaningful for garbage power industry in our country.
Analysis and Design of optimal combinational compactors .[10]published by peter wohl and leenderthuisman
proceedings of the 21st IEEE VlSI test symposium. In this paper they have been analyses a basic requirement of
compactors to support efficient test and diagnosis, focusing on practical compactors. They show how graph
theory can be used to model compactors and design compactors with robust non-aliasing properties that have
minimal area and delay overhead and are independent of the test set, the fault model and the circuit tested.It has
been concluded to shown the relationship between effective compactors and certain graphs called MG graphs
they regular in graphs with maximum girth ,given numbers of verticals. The effectiveness of the compactors ,
when measured by the number of faulty inputs guaranteed not to be masked by aliasing , and by the number of
faulty inputs that can be uniquely diagnosed ,is measured by the girth of graph the higher the girth the higher
the effectiveness of the corresponding compactor.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
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VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2 FEB.-2015

LITERATURE REVIEW:

SR JOURNAL NAME YEAR

NO
1 IEEE 2012
2 IEEE 2011
3 SCIENCE DIRECT 2011
4 IEEE 2009
5 IEEE 2005
6 IEEE 2003
7 IEEE 2001
8 IEEE 2000
9 IEEE 1994
10 IEEE 1990

10
IEEE, 1990 1 IEEE, 2012

9 IEEE, 1994 2 IEEE, 2011

8 IEEE, 2000

7 IEEE, 2001 4 IEEE, 2009

6 IEEE, 2003 5 IEEE, 2005

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
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VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2 FEB.-2015

SPECIFICATION TABLE:

SR. PARAMETER MATERI SIZE

NO AL
1 Rectangular Block M.S 640MMX320MMX320MM

2 Moving Plate Thickness M.S 10MM

3 Iength of Leaver M.S 200MM

4 Lead Screw N.H d=22MM

5 Compression Ratio 62%

6 Gear ratio C.I 1:10

7 Capacity 10kg

Compactor is a simple mechanism involving use of manual force to control the working of manual operated
lead screw and gear arrangement system. A compactor consists of cylindrical block in which the garbage is
collected from the people in the society comes an through the garbage in the cylindrical block which is placed
inside the society. The compaction is performed through the action of gear arrangement and lead screw that is
mounted upon the cylindrical shell which is operated by the simple hand lever. in this also consists of the
moving plate which is attached to the lead screw by the nut .The compactor is to be designed and analyzed such
that the whole system sustains the compaction force and maintain structural stability.

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
ISSN: 2394-3696
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2 FEB.-2015

DISCUSSION
According to the papers studied above it gives anout-side idea about the reducing the garbage’s and the waste
collection.Above study gives the knowledge about the different problem created in handling of garbage also
gives the knowledge about some routine problem instead of increasing pollution of the garbages in the different
areas.In generally all of the authors had considered the waste management and collection of garbage fortheir
study.From this study onecansaythatthereishelpful to a compactor can be used to reduce the volume of waste
streams and reducing the pollution of garbage’s.

CONCLUSION
I have observed from different research paper and analysis that the main focus ofthe previous research are on
the framework of garbage collection system i.e.,
1] On the ways and methods of garbage collection.
2]On the means of transformation of garbage from one place to another place.
But the very less focus on compactor. As there is increasing garbage with increasing population. In order to
handle increase garbage there is need of efficient and effective compactors. So my project is focused on design,
manufacturing, and analysis of compactor.

REFERENCES
[1] H. Corporaal and T. Veldman, “The Design Space of Garbage Collection”. IEEE/CH3001-
5/!,1/0()00/0423/$01.00 0 1991,pp. 423-428
[2] Richard Jones and Andy C. King,”Fast Analysis for Thread-Local Garbage Collection with Dynamic Class
Loading”. Proceedings of the 2005 Fifth IEEE International Workshop on Source Code Analysis and
Manipulation, 0-7695-2292-0/05 $20.00 © 2005 ,
[3] Yuming Guan, Baoshuang Yao, Shaohua Zhang ,Yanjun Xiao, “ Analysis on Vibrator of Vibrating
Compactor Based on ANSYS”, IEEE/978-1-4244-9439-2/11/$26.00 ©2011,pp1056-1058.
[4]Alan Jay Smith, “The Need for Measured Data in Computer System Performance Analysis or Garbage In,
Garbage Out”,IEEE/0730-3157194, 1994.pp-426-431.
[5]Guanglin SHI, Shuxun CHEN, Guangmin LIANG,“Analysis with ADAMS/ANSIS on Dynamic Properties of
Rotating Hook lift Garbag Truck”, International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics
Automation, 978-0-7695-3583-8/09,2009,pp746-749
[6]Fred Brown, “Incremental Garbage Collection in Massive Object Stores”, IEEE,1530-0900/01,2001,pp38-
46.
[7]Douglas M. Washabaugh and Dennis Kafura, “Incremental Garbage Collection of Concurrent Objects for
Real-Time Applications”, IEEE,CH2933-0/90/000/1990,pp21-30
[8] Maurizio Faccio , Alessandro Persona , GiorgiaZanin “Waste collection multi objective model with real time
traceability data “,science direct, 0956-053X/2011,pp2391-2409

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[9] .Dong Yang, Zaiqiang Lou, Linhua Zhang, Xueting Liu , CongjuZhang,Zhiyu Wang , “The comparative
analysis on the characteristic of two technologies for garbage incineration stoker “,IEEE, 978-1-4577-0547-
2/12/2012,
[10]peterwohl and leenderthuisman, “Analysis and Design of optimal combinational compactors”,IEEE,
(VTS.03) 1093-0167/2003,

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