PROBLEMS

ON
RESULTANTS
PROBLEMS

1) The tie-rod AB
exerts the 250 N
force on the steering
knuckle AO as shown.
Replace this force by
an equivalent force
couple system at O.
(2/73)
PROBLEMS
10 
Replace F by an equivalent
force couple system at O. 235 mm

250 cos10 F  250 N

+
F x
M  250cos10 (0.235)  250sin 10 (0.05)

M  60 N  m (cw)
250 sin 10 M
   50 mm
F  250cos10i  250sin 10 j
250 sin 10
  
F  246.20i  43.41 j N

250cos10
PROBLEMS

2) Where does the

resultant of the two
forces act?
(2/83)
PROBLEMS Where does the resultant act?

M1  660 (0.3) 198 N m (ccw) 660 N

M 2  20 ( x) 198 N m (cw) 20 N
198 20 N
x  9.9 m
20
M2

M1
x

Resultant (20 N) acts 9.9+0.3+0.5= 10.7 m left

of point A
PROBLEMS

3) A utility pole of mass m is being slowly erected by the

winch and cable arrangement shown. When q=60°, the cable
tension is 35 percent of the weight of the pole. Determine the
force couple system at O, which is equivalent to the tension
force applied to the top of the pole. Neglect the diameter of
the hoisting drum compared with l.
PROBLEMS for q=60° cable tension is 35 % of the weight of the pole. Determine
the force couple system at O, which is equivalent to the tension force
applied to the top of the pole.

Tx  T  1.5l   0.34mg
0.35mg 
1.544l  0.866l 0.5l  0.366l

Ty  T  0.366l   0.083mg l 0.5l 1.5l

0.35mg 
1.544l 
+
M O  Tx (0.866l ) Ty (0.5l ) Tx
M O  0.34mg (0.866l )  0.083mg (0.5l )
T  0.35mg Ty
M O  0.254mgl (ccw) 0.866l
mg

q=60°

0.5l
PROBLEMS 380 mm
800 N
C
160 mm
150 mm 800 N
A

320 mm

4) The forces acting on the belts on a pulley system are equal

with a magnitude of 800 N. The pulley is secured to the steel
column by means of two bolts at A and B. Replace the two forces
with a force-couple system, in which the equivalent force will be
at the midpoint of the bolts. Then, determine the force each
bolt will sustain by distributing this force and couple to forces
acting at points A and B.
PROBLEMS Replace with a force-couple system, in which
the equivalent force will be at the midpoint of
the bolts. Determine the force each bolt will
sustain by distributing this force and couple to
forces acting at points A and B.

380 mm
800 N
C
160 mm
150 mm 800 N
A

320 mm

B
PROBLEMS

5) Under nonuniform and slippery road conditions, the four forces

shown are exerted on the four drive wheels of the all-wheel-drive
vehicle. Determine the resultant of this system and the x- and y-
intercepts of its line of action. Note that the front and rear
tracks are equal (i. e., AB  CD ). (2/97)
PROBLEMS Determine the resultant of the system and the x- and y-intercepts of
its line of action.

AB  CD
PROBLEMS
6) The pedal-chain
wheel unit of a bicycle
is shown in the figure.
The left foot of the
rider exerts the 160 N
force, while the use of
toe-clips allows the
right foot to exert the
nearly upward 80 N
force. Determine the
equivalent force couple
system at point O.
Also, determine the
equation of the line of
action of the system
resultant treated as a
single force R. Treat
the problem as two
dimensional. (2/100)
 Determine the equivalent force couple system at point O and the
PROBLEMS equation of the line of action of the system resultant treated as a single
force R.
PROBLEMS

7) Determine the
force-couple system
at O which is
equivalent to the
two forces applied
to the shaft AOB.

Is R perpendicular

to M O ? (2/157)
PROBLEMS Determine the force-couple system at O which is equivalent to
 the
two forces applied to the shaft AOB. Is R perpendicular to M O ?

    
R  (600sin 30 j  600cos30k )  (800sin 45 j  800cos 45k )
  
 
  
 

F1 300 j 519.62k F2 565.69 j 565.69k
  
R  265.69 j 1085.31k ( N )

    
M O  r1  F1  r2  F2
 
   
M O  0.08i  300 j  519.62k
 
  
 0.16i   565.69 j  565.69k
    
M O  24k  41.57 j  90.49k  90.49 j
  
M O  48.92 j 114.49k ( N m)
   
if R  M O , then R  M O  0
 
R  M O   265.69 48.92 1085.31114.49
 111260  0
they are not perpendicu lar to each other
PROBLEMS

8) Represent the
resultant of the
force system acting
on the pipe assembly
by a single force at
A and a couple.
PROBLEMS Represent the resultant of the force system acting on the
pipe assembly by a single force at A and a couple .
   
R 120i 180 j 100k ( N )
  
C1  50k C2  ?
C2  F d 160 (0.25)  40 N m
  C1=
C2  40 j
      
M A  r1  F1  r2  F2  C1  C2

 
 
 
M A  0.25k 120i  0.3i  100k
 


 50k  40 j 
   
M A  30 j  30 j  50k  40 j
  
M A 100 j  50k ( N m)
PROBLEMS
9) The tension in cable AB is 450 N and the tension in cable CD
is 270 N. Suppose that you want to replace these two cables by
a single cable EF so that the force exerted on the wall at E is
equivalent to the two forces exerted by cables AB and CD on
the walls at A and C. What is the tension in cable EF and what
are the coordinates of points E and F?

1.2,1.8, 0m
PROBLEMS Texerted
= 450 N, T = 270 N, replace two cables by a single cable EF so that the force
AB CD
on the wall at E is equivalent to the two forces exerted by cables AB and
CD on the walls at A and C. What is the tension in cable EF and what are the
coordinates of points E and F?
  
  0.9i 1.8 j  0.6k    
TAB  450   192.86i  385.71 j 128.57k ( N )
 2.1
   1.2,1.8, 0m
  0.9i 1.8 j  0.6k    
TCD  270   115.71i  231.43 j  77.14k ( N ) 
 2. 1  TCD
O
For cables AB and CD 
TAB

         
 M O  1.8j 1.8k 192.86i  385.71 j 128.57k 
    

  
  

r A/ O T AB 
        
 1.2i 1.8 j 115.71i  231.43 j  77.14k 
      
 
  

rC /O TCD 
O
   
 M O 1064.56i  254.58 j 833.15k ( N m)
 PROBLEMS Texerted
= 450 N, T = 270 N, replace two cables by a single cable EF so that the force
AB CD
on the wall at E is equivalent to the two forces exerted by cables AB and
CD on the walls at A and C. What is the tension in cable EF and what are the
coordinates of points E and F?
     
TAB TCD  TEF  308.57i  617.14 j  205.71k ( N ) TEF  720 N
For cable EF
1.2,1.8, 0m
  
       
M O  rE /O TEF  yE j  zE k  308.57i  617.14 j  205.71k  
 205.71yE  617.14 z E i  308.57 z E  j   308.57 yE k TCD
   O
1064.56i  254.58 j 833.15k 
 TAB
j 308.57 z E  254.58 , z E  0.83 m

k  308.57 yE  833.15 , yE  2.7 m
E (0, 2.7, 0.83) m
  
       
M O  rF /O TEF  xF i  zF k  308.57i  617.14 j  205.71k 
 617.14 z F i  308.57 z F  205.71xF  j   617.14 xF k E 0, yE , zE  m
  
1064.56i  254.58 j 833.15k O
 TEF
i 617.14 z F 1064.56 , z F 1.72 m

k 617.14 xF  833.15 , xF 1.35 m
F (1.35, 0,1.72) m F xF , 0, zF  m
PROBLEMS
* Line MN lies in a plane parallel to
the horizontal plane
10) The weight of the robot arm * Line AD lies in the xz plane M=27 N.m
AB is 200 N and its direction
cosines are cos qx=0.6, cos qy (qy
C
<90°) and cos qz=0. For arm BC the y
540 mm
weight is 160 N with cos qx=7/9, cos
qy=4/9 and cos qz=-4/9. The mass //y F=250 N
N
centers of both arms are at their 37o
53o
midpoints. A force of magnitude B 160 N
F=250 N and a couple of magnitude
C=27 Nm along the axis BC are //z //x
M
applied to the end C of arm BC. 500 mm

Replace the three forces and one 200 N

couple acting on the robot assembly

with an equivalent force-couple at A
point A. D
37o
z x
PROBLEMS WAB = 200 N, cos qx=0.6, cos qy (qy <90°) and cos qz=0. WBC = 160 N, cos
qx=7/9, cos qy=4/9 and cos qz=-4/9. F=250 N and C=27 Nm act to the
end C of arm BC. Replace the three forces and one couple acting
on the robot assembly with an equivalent M=27 N.m
force-couple at point A.

C
y
540 mm

//y F=250 N
N
37o
53o
B 160 N

//z //x
500 mm M
200 N
* Line MN lies in a plane
parallel to the horizontal
plane
* Line AD lies in the xz plane

A
D
37o
z x
PROBLEMS

11) A student using a pencil opener applies on the machine the two
forces and the couple shown in the figure. If it is known that the
force and couple components of the equivalent force-couple system
   
at A are R 17i  Ry j  5k ( N ) y
   
and M R  M x i  2 j 1.5k ( N m)
100 mm
respectively, determine 
Bi
the vector expressions
A
of the forces applied to B z 
C y j
points B and C and also 2.75 N.m
C
values of Ry and Mx.  
Cz k Cxi 50 mm x
60 mm
PROBLEMS determine the vector expressions of the forces applied to points B and
C and also values of Ry and Mx.
       
R 17i  Ry j 5k ( N ) M R  M x i  2 j 1.5k ( N  m)
        
R  C  B , C  Cxi C y j Cz k , B  Bi
A (0, 0, 0)
     
17i  R y j  5k  C x  B i  C y j  C z k C (0.1, 0, 0.05) m
x 17  C x  B , B 17  C x B ( x, 0, 0.11) m
y
y R y  C y
z  5  C z , Cz  5 N 100 mm

Bi
     2.75 N.m
 M A  M R  M C  M B  M couple B z
A

C y j
  
M C  rC / A C
     C
 (0.1i  0.05k )(C x i  C y j  5k ) 
   
Cz k Cxi
 0.05C y i  (0.5  0.05C x ) j  0.1C y k 50 mm x
60 mm
PROBLEMS determine the vector expressions of the forces applied to points B and
C and also values of Ry and Mx.
      
M B  rB / A  B  ( xi  0.11k ) Bi  0.11Bj
      
M couple  2.75i M A  M R  M C  M B  M couple
     
M x i  2 j 1.5k  (2.75  0.05C y )i  (0.11B  0.5  0.05Cx ) j  0.1C y k
z 1.5  0.1C y , C y 15 N , Ry  15 N
x M x  2.75  0.05C y
y
M x  3.5 N m
100 mm
y B  0.5  0.05C x B i
2  0.11 
17C x 2.75 N.m
A
B 
C x  6.17 N z C y j
B 10.83 N
    C
C  6.17i 15 j  5k ( N )  
Cz k Cxi 50 mm x
 
B 10.83i ( N ) 60 mm
PROBLEMS

12) The force-couple sytem acting at O is equivalent to

   
the wrench acting at A. If R  600i 1400 j  700k ( N ) and
 
M R // 1200 ( N  m) , determine M O .

 z
z R 

MO M R //

 
R y
y x 2m 3m
x A
PROBLEMS The force-couple sytem acting at O is equivalent to the wrench acting
    
at A. If R  600i 1400 j  700k ( N ) and M R // 1200 ( N  m)

determine M O .

 z
z R 

MO M R //

 
R y
y x 2m 3m
x A
PROBLEMS
13) A portion of the flue for a furnace
is attached to the ceiling at A. While
supporting the free end of the flue at
F, a worker applies the forces indicated
at E and F and the couple M (applied to
portion CB) to align end E with the
furnace. Knowing that the 95 N force
at F lies in a plane parallel to the yz
plane, determine (a) the angle a the
force at F should form with the
horizontal if duct AB is not to tend to
rotate about the vertical axis, (b) the
equivalent force-couple system at A of
the given system, (c) further
reduce the system to
a wrench and
determine the
coordinates of the
point the line of
action of the wrench
passes in the yz plane.

Line EG lies in the xz plane and forms a 45° angle

with the // x axis. The line of action of the 75 N
force forms an angle of 53° with line EG.
PROBLEMS
95 N force at F lies in a plane
Determine (a) the angle a the force at parallel to the yz plane, line EG
lies in the xz plane and forms a
F should form with the horizontal if 45° angle with the // x axis.
duct AB is not to tend to rotate about The line of action of the 75 N
the vertical axis, (b) the equivalent force forms an angle of 53°
with line EG.
force-couple system at A of the given
system, (c) further reduce the system
to a wrench and determine the
coordinates of the point the line of
action of the wrench passes in the yz
plane.
 Z
F1 = 30 N
 F2 = 75 N
C2 F3 = 40 N
C1 = 60 Nm
C2 = 100 Nm (in yz plane)

C1 C3 = 80 Nm (in plane ABCD)
qy < 90o
 60°
qy
F1
45°

G F3
O O (0, 0, 0) m
30°
6m A (12, 0, 0) m
A
B (in xz plane)
X   C
Y C (12, 8, 0) m

37°
C3 F2 E E (6, 10, -3) m
53°
G (10, 4, 4) m
B

4m D

14) Replace the system comprising two forces, two couples and a positive
wrench with an equivalent force-couple acting at point O. Then, reduce the
system further into a wrench and determine the coordinates of point P, of
which the line of action of the wrench cuts through the yz plane.
Force:

cos 2 45  cos 2 60  cos 2q y 1  q y  60o

 
      
F1  30 cos45 i  cos60 j  cos60k  21.21i 15 j 15k
  

F2  75
12 18i  (8  0) j  (0  8)k   
 35.15 i  46.88 j  46.88k
 4 2

 8 2
 8 2
    
F3  40cos 60cos53 i  40cos 60sin 53 j  40cos30k 12 i 16 j  34.64k
    
R  F  1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k 
 
 R 1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k   
nR     0.015 i  0.63 j  0.78k
R
1 .9577
2
 .88 2
96
.52

2

124.04
 Moment:
   
M o  r  F  C
  
         
r1  F1  10 i  4 j  4k  21.21i 15 j 15k  65.16 j  65.16k
  
         
r2  F2  12 i  8 j   35.15 i  46.88 j  46.88k  375.04 i  562.56 j  843.84k
  
          
r3  F3  6 i 10 j  3k  12 i 16 j  34.64k  394.4 i  243.84 j  24k
 
      
C1  60 cos45 i  cos60 j  cos60k  42.42 i  30 j  30k
 
C 2 100 i
 
    
BA  BD   6 i  8 k 4 j  32 i  24k
  32 i  24 k  
C3  80  64 i  32k

2 2
32 24

   
 40
       
M O   65.16 j  65.16k  375.04 i  562.56 j  843.84k  394.4 i  243.84 j  24k
   
     
 42.42 i  30 j  30k  100 i   64 i  32k
 
M O  847.86 i 841.56 j  867k
Equivalent force-couple system at point
O   
R  1.95 i  77.88
 j  96.52k 
 
M O  847.86 i 841.56 j  867k
Reduction to a wrench in yz plane

  
       
M //  M O nR  847.86 i 841.56 j  867k   0.015 i  0.63 j  0.78k 133.35 Nm
 
       
M //  M // nR 133.35  0.015 i  0.63 j  0.78k  2 i  84.02 j 104.02k

MO z
Positive wrench
Positive wrench
       
R  1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k R  1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k
 
M //  2 i 84.02 j 104.02k 
M    
M //  2 i  84.02 j 104.02k

y
x
The coordinates of point P, of which the line of action of the wrench cuts through the yz plane:

  
       
M   M o  M //  847.86 i 841.56 j  867k   2 i  84.02 j 104.02k
   
M   849.86 i  925.58 j  762.98k
  
       
y j  zk  1.95 i  77.8 j  96.52k  849.86 i  925.58 j  762.98k
 

  
    
 
r R M
      
1.95 yk  96.52 yi 1.45 zj  77.8 zi  849.86 i  925.58 j  762.98k
j  1.95 z  925.58  z  474.66 m
k  1.95 y  762.98  y  391.27 m

z    
R  1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k

Positive wrench
   
M //  2 i  84.02 j 104.02k
 P(0;391.27;474.66)
r

x O
y