1 58503 325 1 2

Make your future
Get a Skill Get a Job bright
Auto CAD
www.tejasvieducation.com
www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com
INDEX
BASIC OF AUTO CAD
WHAT IS AUTO CAD

WHO IS ENGINEERS
WHAT IS AN ENGINEERING DESIGN

WHAT IS CAD
CAPABILITIES OF A CAD SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION OF AUTOCAD SCREEN
FOR OPEN NEW /OLD/PRINT/SAVE DRAWING
TO SET THE OR CLASSIC MODE
UNIT
DRAWING LIMITS
MOUSE SETTING
PAN ,ZOOM
UNDO & REDO
SOME IMFORTANT USEFULL KEY
TYPES OF UNITS
HOW TO CHANGE GRAPHIC PROPERTIES
STATUS BAR
DETAILS OF STATUS BAR

SNAP MODE
GRID DISPLAY
ORTHO MODE
POLAR TRACKING
OBJECT SNAP
DYNAMIC INPUT
OBJECT SNAP TRACKING, SOME EXAMPLE
DIMENSION TOOL BAR
HOW TO SET DIMENSIONING STYLE

HOW TO DO DIMENSIONING
LINEAR DIMENSIONS
ALIGNED DIMENSIONS
ANGULAR DIMENSIONS
ARC LENGTH
2 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

YouTube in Hindi )
RADIUS DIMENSION
DIAMETER DIMENSION
CENTER MARK
ROTATED DIMENSIONS
LIGN DIMENSIONS
CONTINUE DIMENSIONS
LAYER TOOL BAR
PROPERTIES TOOL BAR
DRAW TOOL BAR
UCS ICON
COORDINATE SYSTEM
CARTESIAN COORDINATE SYSTEM
POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEM
LINE COMMAND
THREE METHODS FOR DRAW A LINE
POLYLINE
METHOD FOR INCREASING WIDTH OF THE LINE
POLYGON
RECTANGLE
ARC
CIRCLE
REVCLOUD
SPLINE
ELLIPSE
ELLIPSE ARC
BLOCKS
INSERT BLOCK
POINT STYLE
REGION
HATCH
GRADIENT
TABLE, MTEXT
MODIFY TOOL BAR
DEFINITION OF EACH COMMAND

ERASE
COPY
MIRROR
OFFSET
YouTube in Hindi )
ARRAY
RECTANGULAR ARRAY
POLAR ARRAY
MOVE
ROTATE
SCALE
STRETCH
TRIM
EXTEND
BREAK AT POINT
BREAK
JOIN
CHAMFER
FILLET
EXPLODE
3-D
ADVANTAGES OF 3D COMPUTER MODELLING

OVER TRADITIONAL BUILT MODELS
INTRODUCTION - WHY 3-D?
WHAT DOES 3-D SOFTWARE MEAN?
TECHOPEDIA EXPLAINS 3-D SOFTWARE
3D MODELING BASICS
THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF MODEL
WIREFRAME MODEL
SURFACE MODEL
SOLID MODEL
WHY SOLID MODELING?
MODELING TOOL BAR
PRIMITIVE SOLIDS
BOX
WEDGE
CONE
SPHERE
CYLINDER
TORUS
PYRAMID
HELIX
EXTRUDE
TAPER ANGLE

YouTube in Hindi )
CLOSED PATH (BOUNDRAY) & OPEN PATH (BOUNDRAY)
HOW TO MAKE BOUNDRAY

BOUNDRAY COMMAND
PRESSPULL
PRESS AND PULL TO CREATE HOLES AND SOLID EXTRUSIONS
PRESS OR PULL TO OFFSET A 3D SOLID FACE

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EXTRUDE AND PRESSPULL COMMAND
IN AUTOCAD?
SWEEP COMMAND
REVOLVE COMMAND
LOFT COMMAND
BOOLEAN OPERATIONS
UNION
SUBTRACT
INTERSECT
VIEW TOOLBAR
TOP VIEW
BOTTOM VIEW
LEFT VIEW
RIGHT VIEW
FRONT VIEW
BACK VIEW
SW (SOUTHWEST) ISOMETRIC
SE (SOUTHEAST) ISOMETRIC
NE (NORTHEAAST) ISOMETRIC
NW (NORTHWEST) ISOMETRIC
3D ORBIT
CONSTRAINED ORBIT
FREE ORBIT
CONTINUOUS ORBIT
ABOUT ARCBALL
3D ORBIT OPTION
PAN
YouTube in Hindi )
ZOOM
VISUAL STYLES
2D WIREFRAME
3D WIREFRAME
3D HIDDEN
REALISTIC
CONCEPTUAL
2D & 3D DRAWING

YouTube in Hindi )
हर व्यक्ति के अपने विचार, अपने अनभ
ु ि और अपनी कल्पना
होिी है कोई उन्हें अपने िक ही सीममि रखिा है िो कोई
उन्हें कागज़ पर उिारकर सभी के साथ बाांटिा है , जो एक बक
ु
का रूप ऱे ऱेिी है .
ककिाब मऱखना एक अनठ

ू ा अहसास होिा है तयोकक इसमें व्यक्ति
अपनी भावनाओां और अपने अनभ
ु वों को कागज़ के पन्नो पर
उिारकर सबके साथ बाांटिा है.
जरूरी नही है कक हर ऱेखक अपनी ककिाब को पैसे पाने के मऱए या
नाम पाने के मऱए प्रकामिि करिा है बक्कक ये उनका िौक भी हो
सकिा है या ऱोगो की मदद करने या उनको कुछ मसखाने के मऱए
पस्
ु िक मऱखिे है.

YouTube in Hindi )
Many people think that learning AutoCAD is hard. It’s not. Yes, there are many
things to learn. But using AutoCAD is not difficult.
The key is you need to learn one step at a time. Learn to walk before you learn
to run. You need to understand the concept of each step; then you will be an
AutoCAD guru.
This book is so helpful with clearly laid-out commands in an easy to understand,

visual manner. Even though this AutoCAD book is particularly targeted for
Mechanical, Civil, Electrical architects, designers Etc... The information listed is
general enough, with well-written and well-diagrammed information that you
could apply for other intended uses.
Now a day’s AutoCAD is popular name in the field of 2D and 3D computer-aided

design (CAD). Basically AutoCAD is a software program which has been used in
various industries for many years. This software can help architects, designers,
engineers and more create designs and then see if they will work before
spending money and taking a risk on the project.
This particular product is used for the engineering of new Machines, bridges,
buildings, stadiums, homes, electrical and so much more.
This Book is actually very helpful for engineering students, especially those that
which to enjoy the impact of engineering.
The biggest advantage to AutoCAD is that it improves productivity. It helps the

student visualize their final product and see how it will work, ensuring they
have taken all the necessary steps before putting the project forward.

YouTube in Hindi )
WHO IS ENGINEERS
• Engineers: Creative people who use technical means to solve problems. They design
products, systems, devices, and structures to improve our living conditions.
• Technical Drawings: a clear, precise language (non-verbal) used in the design process
for communicating, solving problems, quickly and accurately visualizing objects, and
conducting analyses.
WHAT IS AN ENGINEERING DESIGN?
An orderly process of collecting, recording, and analyzing all the facts and data needed to arrive
at a satisfactory solution to a problem.
Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system The
engineering design process is a methodical series of steps that engineers use in creating
functional products and processes.
WHAT IS DESIGN?
Design includes all activities involved from the original concept to the finished product. Design is
the process by which products are created and modified. For many years designers soughtways
to describe and analyze three-dimensional designs without building physical models. Although
orthographic projections can be used to provide much of the information, they still require
designers to translate between the three-dimensional object and flat two-dimensional views.
With the advancements in computer technology, the creation of three-dimensional models on
computers offers a wide range of benefits. Computer models are easier to interpret and can be
altered easily. Computer models can be analyzed using finite element analysis software, and
simulation of real-life loads can be applied to the computer models and the results graphically
displayed.

YouTube in Hindi )
WHAT IS CAD?
 An electronic tool that enables you to make quick and accurate drawings with the use of
the computer.
 CAD is an acronym for:
-Computer Aided Drafting description
-Computer Aided Design
-Computer Aided Drafting and Design (CADD) Component of AutoCAD screen
Learning to use a CAD system is similar to learning a new language. It is necessary to begin
with the basic alphabet and learn how to use it correctly and effectively through practice. This
will require learning some new concepts and skills as well as learning a different vocabulary.
Today, the majority of the Mechanical CAD systems are capable of creating three-dimensional
solid models. Nonetheless, all CAD systems create design using basic geometric entities and
many of the constructions used in technical designs are based upon two-dimensional planar
geometry. The method and number of operations that are required to accomplish the basic
planar constructions are different from one system to another. In order to become effective and
efficient in using a CAD system, we must learn to create geometric entities quickly and
accurately.
CAPABILITIES OF A CAD SYSTEM
 Flexibility of editing- ability to make quick alterations to a drawing

 Units and Accuracy levels- ability to change and work with different units and create
highly accurate drawings
 Storage and Access for drawings- save space, quick access, more organized Sharing
CADD drawings- electronic files can be transferred easily and quickly from any location
 Design- Allows you to quickly change current designs with accuracy
 Integration of CS techniques in engineering design

 Use of computers(hardware & software) for designing products
 Numerical method, optimizations etc.
 2D/3D drafting
 3D modeling for visualization
 Modeling curves, surfaces, solids, mechanism, assemblies, ANALYSIS.
 Stress (deflection analysis,I.e. numerical methods,FEM Simulation of actual use
Optimizations
 CAD/CAM integration
 Process planning
Computer Aided Design (CAD) has completely changed the drafting business and made the
storage and retrieval of projects much easier. However, manual drawing is still very important
and provides the basics of learning to draw. To enhance the advanced CNC technologies,
Modern Edge has purchased a new personal computer CAD/CAM system!

YouTube in Hindi )
Some of the advantages of CAD over manual drawing are:
No need for scaling. All drawing is done full Both two and three dimensional drawings
size. can be produced.
The screen drawing area can be set to any Your work is copied and stored off the
size with the click of a button computer for security – you may never lose
your work again!
All of the tools needed are supplied by the Drawings are stored on disk rather than in a
program. bulky folder.
Absolute accuracy can be maintained. Dimensioning is almost automatic.
Production details can be extracted directly Parts of drawings can be saved and used in
from the drawing. other drawings.
Eliminates the need for full size set outs.
The images are displayed on the PC screen and, with the click of a button, can be put on paper
using printers or plotters.

YouTube in Hindi )
One of the benefits of drawing components on CAD is that these drawings can be converted
to Drawing Exchange Format (DXF) and transferred to the Computer Numeric Controlled (CNC)
machines for automated production.
Within the CAD/CAM PC:
 the working plan is completed and signed off

 the plan is transferred to a drilling and router program for conversion to CNC program,
and
 The CNC program is transferred to CNC machine via a data cable connected to the
CNC equipment.
Advantages:
Can be easily erased and changed

Can be zoomed in for more detailed sections
Can be copied and pasted many times
Depending on skill, can be neater
Can be quicker
Can be sent to elsewhere quickly
Can be stored in a safe place
Can be checked for measurements by the computer
Can easily mass produce identical products
Can work throughout the night so can produce product 24 hours a day .
Disadvantages:
If computer problem, all data will be lost

If not checked properly, the object created can go very wrong
Can be very expensive
Can be hard to do and handling needs training
Since not manual, can be slightly irritating because if not familiar with technology, it is very
hard to insure exactly what is wanted by the designer e.g. If wanted something engraved
instead of cut, the line color has to be changed into blue instead of red.
Sometimes you can't do everything you want to because the tools aren't available
Lots of people lost their jobs when CAD CAM originally came out.

YouTube in Hindi )
WHAT IS AUTO CAD
• A graphical representation of objects and structures is done using freehand, mechanical,
or computer methods
• 92% of the design process is graphical
• The remaining 8% is mathematics and written communication
AutoCAD provides two different types of environments, model space and the paper space. The
paper space is also called layout. The model space is the default environment that is active
when you start using AutoCAD
When you turn on your computer, the operating system (Windows XP, 7, 8, Windows 95,
Windows NT, or Windows 98) is automatically loaded. This will display the Windows screen with
various application icons. You can start AutoCAD by double-clicking on the AutoCAD 2011 icon
available on the desktop of your computer. You can also load AutoCAD from the Windows
taskbar by choosing the Start button at the bottom left corner of the screen (default position) to
display the menu. Choose Programs to display the program folders. Now, choose the Autodesk
> AutoCAD 2011 folder to display the AutoCAD programs and then choose AutoCAD 2011 to
start AutoCAD.
First released in 1982 under the name ‗Micro CAD‘.
 AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Design or Computer Aided Drafting) software

application for 2D and 3D design and drafting.
 Design software developed by Autodesk.
 First released in 1982 under the name ‗Micro CAD‘.
 Revolutionary drafting and design tool.
 Translated into 18 languages.
AutoCAD is a commercial software application for 2D and 3D computer-aided design (CAD) and
drafting — available since 1982 as a desktop application and since 2010 as a mobile web- and
cloud-based app marketed as AutoCAD 360.
AutoCAD is used across a wide range of industries, by architects, project managers, engineers,
designers, and other professionals.
It was incorporated into AutoCAD 2000 released in March 1999, as a replacement for AutoLISP.
Since then Autodesk has chosen to halt major enhancements to Visual LISP in favor of focusing
more effort on VBA and .NET and C++.
 Traditionally, technical drawing is made using manual drafting. It is often require a lot of
effort and time consuming particularly for large complex drawing.
 CAD is being used widely in modern practice. The ability of computer that enables
engineers to produce, revise, store and transmit original drawings has made it very
important.
• Example of CAD software:
AutoCAD, PRO/Engineer, IDEAS, UNIGRAPHICS, CATIA, Solid Works, etc

YouTube in Hindi )
DESCRIPTION OF AUTOCAD WINDOW

YouTube in Hindi )
FOR OPEN NEW /OLD/PRINT/SAVE DRAWING

YouTube in Hindi )
FOR CLOSE AUTOCAD WINDOW

YouTube in Hindi )
TO SET CLASSIC MODE
STEP 1 - OPEN AUTO CAD

YouTube in Hindi )
OR
THIS WINDOW WILL OPEN

YouTube in Hindi )
Step-1
WORKSPACES
A workspace is a drawing environment in which dock able windows, toolbars, menus, and
Dashboard control panels are displayed for a specific task. A workspace stores not only which
of these tools are visible, but also their on-screen locations. You can quickly change
workspaces using the Workspaces toolbar. By default, the Workspaces toolbar is docked to the
left of the Layers toolbar in the AutoCAD Classic workspace and to the left of the Standard
toolbar in the 3D Modeling workspace. In the 2D Drafting & Annotation workspace, it is
displayed to the left of the Standard Annotation toolbar. In order to use the default 3D
―environment‖, you must start a new drawing file based on the acad3D.dwt template and set the
3D Modeling workspace current. All discussions in the remainder of the course assume that
AutoCAD is in the default 3D environment.

YouTube in Hindi )
STEP 2 –

YouTube in Hindi )
YOUR WINDOW JUST LIKE THAT

YouTube in Hindi )
TO UPLOAD NEW TOOL BAR STEP 1
YOU CAN ALSO LOADING TOOLBARS FROM THIS PROCESS

YouTube in Hindi )
THAN CLICK & DRAG TOOL BAR & SET TOOL BAR WHERE YOU
WANT

YouTube in Hindi )
SAME PROCESS FOR SET 3 D TOOL BAR

YouTube in Hindi )
DESCRIPTION OF AUTOCAD SCREEN

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
UNIT
Every object you draw is measured in units. You determine the value of the units within
AutoCAD before you draw. For example, in one drawing, a unit might equal one millimeter of the
real-world object. In another drawing, a unit might equal an inch. You can set the unit type and
number of decimal places for object lengths and angles. Setting drawing units does not
automatically set units for dimensions. You generally set drawing units and dimension units to
the same type and precision, but you can set different values for dimension units.
TO FORMAT DRAWING UNITS
1. From the Format menu, choose Units.

2. In the Drawing Units dialog box, set the unit values for your drawing. As you change unit
settings, AutoCAD shows examples under Sample Output.
 Under Length, select a unit type and level of precision.
 Under Angle, select an angle type and precision.
3. Choose OK to exit each dialog box.
HOW TO SET UNIT IN AUTO CAD STEP 1

YouTube in Hindi )
STEP-2
THIS DIALOG BOX WILL OPEN

YouTube in Hindi )
DRAWING LIMITS
The drawing "limits" as defined by AutoCAD is a rectangular area in which you are allowed to
draw. This is the area which will be displayed when you "zoom" "all." It is also the area in which
the visible grid and snap grid are extended to. They are preset by Autodesk as an area 12" wide
and 9" high.

YouTube in Hindi )
STEP 1

YouTube in Hindi )
STEP 4
OR

YouTube in Hindi )
DIFFRENCE BETWEEN EXTENTS AND ALL
Extents and All: The Zoom Extents button zooms out just far enough to show all objects in the current
drawing. The Zoom All button does almost the same thing: It zooms to show the rectangular area
defined by the drawing limits set with the LIMITS command, or it zooms to show the extents —
whichever is larger.

YouTube in Hindi )
USE FULL COMMAND

YouTube in Hindi )
TO PAN A DRAWING
1. From the View menu, choose Pan.

2. When the hand cursor appears, drag the view by holding down the button as you move your
mouse. If you are using a wheel mouse, hold down the wheel button and move the mouse.
TO PAN BY SPECIFYING POINTS
1. Choose Pan from the view menu, Point.

2. Specify a base point. This is the location point you want to change.
3. Specify a second point. This is the new location for the selected point
ZOOM A VIEW IN A DRAWING

You can change the view of a drawing by zooming in and out. Zooming does not change the
absolute size of objects in the drawing; it changes only the magnification of the view. When you
work with large drawing plans, you will need to zoom
Out frequently to see an overview of your work

YouTube in Hindi )
UNDO & REDO
UNDO
UNDO and U will undo the last thing or group of things that you did. REDO will redo a command
that was previously UNDONE.
Command: Undo
Undo reverses the last action.
1. Choose Edit, Undo. or

2. Click the Undo icon. Or
3. Press CTRL + Z.
4. Type U at the command prompt to undo the last command. Command: U
REDO
Command: REDO
Reverses the effects of a single UNDO or U command.

1. Choose Edit, Redo. Or
2. Click the Redo icon. Or
3. Type REDO at the command prompt to redo the last undo command.
TIPS: -UNDO has no effect on some commands and system variables, including those that
open, close, or save a window or a drawing, display information, change the graphics display,
regenerate the drawing, or export the drawing in a different format. -REDO must immediately
follow the U or UNDO command.
YouTube in Hindi )
MOUSE SETTING
POINTING DEVICE (MOUSE)
The use of the mouse wheel to zoom and pan in AutoCAD is a huge timesaver. To enlarge the
image, place your cursor over the focal point of the drawing and roll the wheel away from you.
To reduce the image, roll the wheel toward you. To toggle the behavior of the wheel so that
rolling the wheel towards you enlarges the image, change the ZOOMWHEEL setting to 1 (type
ZOOM WHEEL, ENTER, 1, ENTER).
Each clicks of the Scroll Bar / Roller changes the magnification by the current ZOOMFACTOR.
To change the degree of magnification, type ZOOMFACTOR and press ENTER. Input an
integer between 3 and 100. The greater the number, the greater the change when you roll the
wheel.
Double-click the Scroll Bar / Roller to ZOOM EXTENTS. The EXTENTS are an imaginary box
that fits around all the objects that are not on a frozen layer and displays that imaginary box on
the screen.
Press and hold the Scroll Bar / Roller and move the mouse to pan to an adjacent area of the
drawing. Panning changes you viewing target, but not the magnification. To constrain the pan
motion horizontally and vertically press and hold the SHIFT key AFTER the wheel.
Press and hold the SHIFT key, THEN the mouse Scroll Bar / Roller to ORBIT the
drawing. ORBIT moves your view point around the target of the view. The center of the
viewport, not the center of the objects, is the target.
Press and hold the CONTROL key, THEN the mouse Scroll Bar / Roller to SWIVEL the
drawing. SWIVEL pans the camera in the direction you drag the mouse. The target of the view
changes when you SWIVEL the image.
If your mouse wheel displays a menu when you press it, it has been configured as a button. The
setting MBUTTONPAN (Middle Button Pan) needs to be changed from 0 (off) to 1 (on). If your
mouse wheel only scrolls up and down check your mouse driver. If there is a selection to
configure the buttons, make sure the middle button is set to "middle button." If that's not an
option, look around for settings related to scrolling. If you find one, turn it off.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
AUTO CAD HISTORY
Official Name Version Release Date of release Comments
AutoCAD Version 1.0 1.0 1 1982, December DWG R1.0 file format introduced.
AutoCAD Version 1.2 1.2 2 1983, April DWG R1.2 file format introduced.
AutoCAD Version 1.3 1.3 3 1983, August DWG R1.3 file format introduced.
AutoCAD Version 1.4 1.4 4 1983, October DWG R1.4 file format introduced.
AutoCAD Version 2.0 2.0 5 1984, October DWG R2.05 file format introduced.
AutoCAD Version 2.1 2.1 6 1985, May DWG R2.1 file format introduced.
AutoCAD Version 2.5 2.5 7 1986, June DWG R2.5 file format introduced.
DWG R2.6 file format introduced. Last version to run without a math co-
AutoCAD Version 2.6 2.6 8 1987, April
processor.
AutoCAD Release 9 9.0 9 1987, September DWG R9 file format introduced.
AutoCAD Release 10 10.0 10 1988, October DWG R10 file format introduced.
AutoCAD Release 11 11.0 11 1990, October DWG R11 file format introduced.
DWG R11/R12 file format introduced. Last release for Apple Macintosh til
AutoCAD Release 12 12.0 12 1992, June
2010.
DWG R13 file format introduced. Last release for Unix, MS-DOS and
AutoCAD Release 13 13.0 13 1994, November
Windows 3.11.
AutoCAD Release 14 14.0 14 1997, February DWG R14 file format introduced.
AutoCAD 2000 15.0 15 1999, March DWG 2000 file format introduced.
AutoCAD 2000i 15.1 16 2000, July
AutoCAD 2002 15.6 17 2001, June
AutoCAD 2005 16.1 19 2004, March
AutoCAD 2006 16.2 20 2005, March Dynamic Block introduced.
Annotative Objects introduced. AutoCAD 2008 and higher (including

AutoCAD 2008 17.1 22 2007, March
AutoCAD LT) can directly import and underlay DGN V8 files.
Revisions to the user interface including the option of a Microsoft Office

AutoCAD 2009 17.2 23 2008, March
2007-like tabbed ribbon.
DWG 2010 file format introduced. Parametric introduced. Mesh 3D solid

modeling introduced. Both 32-bit and 64-bit versions of AutoCAD 2010 and
AutoCAD 2010 18.0 24 2009, March 24
AutoCAD LT 2010 are compatible with and supported under Microsoft
Windows 7.
Surface Modeling, Surface Analysis and Object Transparency introduced.

[9]
AutoCAD 2011 18.1 25 2010, March 25 October 15, 2010 AutoCAD 2011 for Mac was released. Are compatible
with and supported under Microsoft Windows 7
Associative Array, Model Documentation. Support for complex line types in

AutoCAD 2012 18.2 26 2011, March 22
DGN files is improved in AutoCAD 2012. DGN editing.
AutoCAD 2013 19.0 27 2012, March 27 DWG 2013 file format introduced.
AutoCAD 2014 19.1 28 2013, March 26 File Tabs, Design Feed, Reality Capture, Autodesk Live Maps
Line smoothing (anti-aliasing), Windows 8.1 support added, dropped

AutoCAD 2015 20.0 29 2014, March 27
Windows XP support (incl. compatibility mode)

YouTube in Hindi )
TYPES OF UNITS
 Architectural – Feet and Fractional Inches
 Engineering – Feet and Decimal Inches
 Decimal – Metric or SI
 Fractional – Whole Numbers and Fractions
 Scientific – Decimal value raised to power
 Decimal – 1.5000
 Scientific – 1.5000E+00
 Engineering – 0′-1.5000″
 Architecture – 0′-1 1/2″
 Fractional 1 1/2
 Decimal Degree – 180.00
 Deg/Min/Sec – 180d0’0″
 Grads – 200g
 Radians – 3.142r
 Surveyor – W ( West )
 Inches: Inch (In) This is a type of Unit used customary in the United States, Canada and
United Kingdom. For the United Kingdom, guidance on public sector use states that
since 1 October 1995, without time limit, that the inch (along with the foot) is to be used
as a primary unit for road signs and related measurements of distance. Cloth
measurement is made in inches.
 Feet : Foot ( ft ) This is a type of unit used for Unit of Length – Since 1960 the term has
usually referred to the international foot, defined as being one third of a yard, making it
0.3048 meters exactly. It is an integral part of both the imperial and United States
customary systems of units. It is subdivided into 12 inches. In India residential land is
measured in Feet like – 30feet x 40feet
 Miles : This type of Unit is used for Unit of Length and is equal to 5,280 feet (1,760
yards, or about 1,609 meters). The mile of 5,280 feet can be called the statute mile or
land mile to distinguish it from the nautical mile (about 6,076 feet, or 1,852 meters)
 Millimeters : The millimeter (International spelling as used by the International Bureau
of Weights and Measures) or millimeter (American spelling) (SI unit symbol mm) is a unit
of length in the metric system, equal to one thousandth of a meter, which is the SI base
unit of length.
 Centimeter : A centimeter (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures; symbol cm) or centimeter (American spelling) is a unit of length
in the metric system, equal to one hundredth of a meter, which is the SI base unit of
length. Centi is the SI prefix for a factor of 10−2. Hence a centimeter can be written as
1×10−2 m, 10×10−3 m (engineering notation) or 1E−2 m (scientific E notation) —
meaning 10 mm or 1 m/100 respectively. The centimeter was the base unit of length in
the now deprecated centimeter-gram-second (CGS) system of units. Uses of
Centimeter: Used in rainfall measurement by rain gauge.
 Meters: The meter (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights
and Measures) or meter (American spelling), (SI unit symbol: m; SI dimension symbol:
L), is the fundamental unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). Ideally used
for short distance measurement.

YouTube in Hindi )
 Kilometer : The kilometer (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures; SI symbol: km) or kilometer (American spelling) is a unit of
length in the metric system, equal to one thousand metres (kilo- being the SI prefix for
1000). It is now the measurement unit used officially for expressing distances between
geographical places on land in most of the world; notable exceptions are the United
States and the United Kingdom where the statute mile is the official unit used.
 Micro Inches: Micro Inches is ideally used in surface roughness measurements. 1 Ra is
typically expressed in ―millionths‖ of an inch. This is also referred to as ―microinches‖ or
sometimes just as ―micro‖
 Mils : A unit of length equal to one thousandth (10 -3) of an inch (0.0254 millimeter),
used, for example, to specify the diameter of wire or the thickness of materials sold in
sheets.

 Yards : A yard (abbreviation: yd) is a unit of length in the imperial and United States
customary systems of measurement. Historically a yard was also used in other systems
of units. The yard is equal to 3 feet or 36 inches. Application, In drawing a cricket Pitch
we can mention in Yards
 Angstrom : This type of units – angstrom is often used in the natural sciences and
technology to express the sizes of atoms, molecules, and microscopic biological
structures, the lengths of chemical bonds, the arrangement of atoms in crystals, the
wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, and the dimensions of integrated circuit parts.
Atoms of phosphorus, sulfur, and chlorine are 1 Å in covalent radius, while a hydrogen
atom is 0.25 Å; see atomic radius.
 Nanometers : This type of units ideally is used in measuring Nano Particles. The
nanometre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and
Measures; SI symbol: nm) or nanometer (American spelling) is a unit of length in the
metric system, equal to one billionth of a metre. The name combines the SI prefix nano-
(from the Ancient Greek νάνος, nanos, ―dwarf‖) with the parent unit name metre (from
Greek μέτρον, metrοn, ―unit of measurement‖). It can be written in scientific notation as
1×10−9 m, in engineering notation as 1 E−9 m, and is simply 1 m / 1,000,000,000.
 Microns : The term micron representing the micrometre, was officially accepted
between 1879 and 1967, but officially revoked by the International System of Units (SI)
in 1967.
 Decimeter : A decimetre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures; SI symbol dm) or decimeter (American spelling) is a unit of
length in the metric system, equal to one tenth of a metre, (or ten centimetres) the SI
base unit of length. In simple words, there are 10 decimetres in a metre.
 Decameter : A decametre or dekametre (American spelling: dekameter, earlier
decameter; symbol dam, sometimes Dm or dkm) is a very rarely used unit of length in
the metric system, equal to ten metres, the SI base unit of length. It can be written in
scientific notation as 1 E+1 m (exponential notation), meaning 10 × 1 m.
 Hectometer : The hectometre (International spelling as used by the International
Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: hm) or hectometer (American spelling) is
an uncommonly used unit of length in the metric system, equal to one hundred metres. It
derives from the Greek word ―ekato‖, meaning ―hundred‖. A regulation football or soccer
field is approximately 1 hectometre in length.

YouTube in Hindi )
 Gigameter : The gigametre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau
of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: Gm) or gigameter (American spelling) is a unit of
 length in the metric system, equal to one billion metres, the SI base unit of length, hence
to 1,000,000 km or approximately 621,370 miles. One astronomical unit (AU) or Earth‘s
average distance from the Sun is 149.6 Gm. So, ideally used if you are creating a
drawing of the solar system.
 Astronomical : An astronomical unit (abbreviated as au other abbreviations that are
sometimes used include ㍳, a.u. and ua) is a unit of length now defined as exactly
149,597,870,700 m (92,955,807.3 mi), or roughly the average Earth–Sun distance.
Again used to create drawings related to Solar System
 Light Year : light-year, also light year or lightyear (symbol: ly), is an astronomical unit of
length equal to just under 10 trillion kilometers (or about 6 trillion miles). As defined by
the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a light-year is the distance that light travels in
vacuum in one Julian year.

YouTube in Hindi )
DRAWING WITH AUTOCAD IS REALLY JUST LIKE DRAWING ON A DRAWING BOARD
HOW CHANGE COLOR OF GRAPHIC WINDOW
STEP 1
Click Right Click on the screen

YouTube in Hindi )
CLICK “APPLY” THAN CLICK “OK”

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
HOW CHANGE PROPERTIES OF CURSOR
CLICK “APPLY” THAN CLICK “ OK”

YouTube in Hindi )
CLICK “APPLY” THAN CLICK “OK”

YouTube in Hindi )
DRAWING WITH AUTOCAD IS REALLY JUST LIKE DRAWING ON A DRAWING BOARD.
STATUS BAR
The application status bar appears at the bottom of the AutoCAD screen. The status bar
displays and allows you to change several important drawing modes, aids, and settings that
affect how you draw and Edit in the current drawing.
COORDINATES
The Coordinates information is displayed in the left corner of the status bar. You can select this
coordinate button to toggle between on and off. The COORDS system variable controls the type
of display of the coordinates.

YouTube in Hindi )
SOME OTHER OPTION TO SET STATUS BAR

YouTube in Hindi )
DETAILS OF STATUS BAR

YouTube in Hindi )
SNAP MODE
Also toggled using the F9 key. When snap on, the cursor under mouse control can only be
moved in jumps from one snap point to another. OR If Snap Mode is on, the Snap button is
displayed as pressed in the status bar; otherwise, it is not displayed. This allows you to move
the cursor in fixed increments. You can also use the function key F9 as a toggle key to turn
Snap off or on.
CLICK TO TOGGLE SNAP (ICON) ON (SNAP) /OFF (SNAP)
GRID DISPLAY
Also toggled using the F7 key. When set on, a series of grid points appears in the drawing
area. If Grid Display is on, grid lines are displayed on the screen. These lines are used as
reference lines in a drawing. The function key F7 can be used to turn the grid display on or off.
Or Area of the graphic covered with regularly spaced dots, acting as visual reference.
CLICK TO TOGGLE GRID (ICON) ON (GRID) /OFF (GRID)
ORTHO MODE
YouTube in Hindi )
Also toggled using the F8 key. When set on, lines, etc. can only be drawn vertically or
horizontally. The Ortho Mode allows you to draw lines at right angles only. If this mode is on, the
ORTHO button is pressed in the status bar. You can use the F8 key to turn Ortho on or off.
The Ortho Mode allows you to draw lines at right angles only. If this mode is on, the ORTHO
button is pressed in the status bar. You can use the F8 key to turn Ortho on or off.
CLICK TO TOGGLE ORTHO (ICON) ON (ORTHO) /OFF (ORTHO)
POLAR TRACKING
Also toggled using the F10 key. When set on, a small tip appears showing the direction and
length of lines, etc. in degrees and units.
OBJECT SNAP
Also toggled using the F3 key. When set on, an o snap icon appears at the cursor pick box.
When Object Snap is on, you can use the running object snaps to snap on to a point. If Object
Snap is on, the OSNAP button is displayed as pressed in the status bar. You can also use the
F3 key to turn the Object Snap on or off.
CLICK TO TOGGLE OBJECT SNAP (ICON) ON (OBJECT SNAP) /OFF (OBJECT SNAP)
OBJECT SNAP TRACKING
Also toggled by the Fill key. When set on, lines, etc. can be drawn at exact coordinate points
and precise angles. Object Snap: Option used to snap the cursor to particular points on objects,
i.e. end points, centers, etc… The option can be turned On/Off from the Status Bar
DYNAMIC INPUT
Dynamic tooltips provide an alternative way to enter commands. When dynamic input is turned
on, a tooltip displays dynamically updated information near the cursor. When a command is in
progress, you can specify options and values in the tooltip text box. Displays
a dimension with tooltips for distance value and angle value when a command prompts you for
a second point or a distance. The values in the dimension tooltips change as you move the
cursor. You can enter values in the tooltip instead of on the command line.
CLICK TO TOGGLE DYNAMIC INPUT (ICON) ON (DYNAMIC INPUT) /OFF (DYNAMIC

INPUT)

YouTube in Hindi )
SOME EXAMPLE
ORTHO MODE
Status Bar
Pull-down None
Keyboard ORTHO or F8
Ortho is short for orthogonal, which means either vertical or horizontal. Like the other options on
the status bar, Ortho is not really a command; it is a drawing mode which can either be turned
on or off.
When ORTHO is ON, the cursor movement is restricted to horizontal or vertical. When ORTHO
is OFF, the cursor is free to move

YouTube in Hindi )
GRID MODE
Status Bar
(right-click for settings)
Pull-down None
Keyboard GRID or F7
The drawing grid is a regular pattern of dots displayed on the screen which acts as a visual aid,
it is the equivalent of having a sheet of graph paper behind your drawing on a drawing board.
You can control the grid spacing, so it can give you a general idea about the size of drawn
objects

YouTube in Hindi )
POLAR TRACKING
Status Bar
(right-click for settings)
Pull-down None
Keyboard F10
Polar Tracking is a bit like ortho mode on steroids. Whereas Ortho constrains your lines
to either the horizontal or the vertical, Polar Tracking allows you to snap into whatever
angles you choose to configure.

YouTube in Hindi )
OBJECT SNAPS (OSNAPS FOR SHORT)
The Object Snaps (Osnaps for short) are drawing aids which are used in conjunction with other
commands to help you draw accurately. Osnaps allow you to snap onto a specific object
location when you are picking a point. For example, using Osnaps you can accurately pick the
end point of a line or the center of a circle. Osnaps in AutoCAD are so important that you cannot
draw accurately without them.

YouTube in Hindi )
• Endpoint
– Snap to endpoint of the nearest entity, e.g. end of a line
• Midpoint
– Snap to the midpoint of an entity, e.g. midpoint of a straight line, or arc
• Center
– Snap to the center of entity such as circle, arc or ellipse

YouTube in Hindi )
• Node
– Snap to the nearest point (entity)
• Quadrant
– Snap to the quarter position on the circumference of an arc, circle or ellipse.
• Intersection
– Snap to the intersection of two entities
• Tangent
– Snap to the tangent of entities such as circle, arc or ellipse
• Nearest
– Snap to the nearest point on an entities
• Perpendicular
– Snap to the point perpendicular to an entity such as straight line

YouTube in Hindi )
Some Example of Osnap

YouTube in Hindi )
DYNAMIC INPUT
Displays a dimension with tooltips for distance value and angle value when a command prompts
you for a second point or a distance. The values in the dimension tooltips change as you move
the cursor. You can enter values in the tooltip instead of on the command line.
CLICK TO TOGGLE DYNAMIC INPUT (ICON) ON (DYNAMIC INPUT) /OFF (DYNAMIC

INPUT)

YouTube in Hindi )
DIMENSION TOOL BAR
AutoCAD provides a whole range of dimensioning tools which can be used to quickly dimension
any drawing without the need for measurement. Dimensioning in AutoCAD is automatic; lines,
arrows and text are all taken care of by the dimension commands. AutoCAD dimensions are
special blocks which can easily be edited or erased as necessary.

YouTube in Hindi )
SOME EXAMPLE OF DIMENSIONING

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
EXAMPLE

YouTube in Hindi )
HOW TO SET DIMENSIONING STYLE
THIS DIALOG BIOX WILL OPEN
TO CREATE A NEW DIMENSION STYLE
FOLLOW THE STEPS BELOW

YouTube in Hindi )
1. Go to Format then select Dimension style or type Dimstyle in the command line.
2. Select New to start from scratch, otherwise select any existing styles on the left to
modify. For this tutorial we will create a new style.
3. When prompted, specify a name for the new style or create the style based on the
existing standard from AutoCAD by default or any other existing styles. Use the
Standard one for now.
4. Specify the use for this new style on the pull down list. Use All dimensions for now, and
no annotative for this tutorial.
5. Click on Continue.
NOTE- THERE ARE SHOW ALL DIMENSION IN INCHES

IF YOU WANT ALL DIMENSION SHOW IN DECIMAL
THAN CHANGE THE UNITS BEFORE CREATING NEW
DIMENSION STYLE.

YouTube in Hindi )
6. The tab Lines is divided into two categories: The Dimension lines and the Extensions
lines. Under each section you can change their color and their line type for the style.
7. Select Suppress Dim line 1 or 2 to hide dimension lines from left to right.
8. Select Suppress Ext line 1 or 2 to hide extension lines from left to right.
9. Under Extension lines category: Change Extend beyond dim lines accordingly.
10. Edit Offset from origin to adjust how far you want the dimension from the object

YouTube in Hindi )
11. On Symbols and arrows select what kind of arrow heads you like for first, second
dimensions and leader.
12. Specify how big the arrow head should be under Arrow size.
13. Under the Text tab you can select a text style if you have already created one or you can
specify a font style. You can use that in conjunction with our handy scale table list if you
are not sure what size to use for your drawing scale.

YouTube in Hindi )
14. Specify a height for your text.
15. Specify text placement and orientation under the Text placement category.
16. Select your Text alignment.

YouTube in Hindi )
17. Under Fit tab select either text or arrows (best fit) for fitting.
19
18. Use 1 for overall scale dimension. (According to drawing size)
19. Under Primary units tab, select your format unit from the pull down list.
NOTE- AFTER DO CHANGES

CLICK ―OK‖ & ―CLOSE‖

YouTube in Hindi )
HOW TO DO DIMENSIONING
LINEAR DIMENSIONS
Linear dimensions are used to create a dimension that measures a line that is either horizontal
or perpendicular to the UCS. This is the most commonly used dimension and is very easy to
use. Below is a typical linear dimension:
Process- 1. Select Command for tool bar
2. Click first point than click second point
3. Then click third point for dimension placement

YouTube in Hindi )
ALIGNED DIMENSIONS
Same Process
The Aligned dimes ion works just like the linear dimension. The big difference is that it works
with lines or distances that are not square to the UCS. You can also use this on any 2 points
that are also compatible with the linear dimension. It will create a dimension parallel to the
angled line.

YouTube in Hindi )
ANGULAR DIMENSIONS
Not every dimension gives the reader a length. Sometimes other measurements are need.
Angular dimensions will display the angle between two objects. The measurement of the angle
is defined by your dim style, but a degree is standard. The command works similar to the linear
dimensions (see a pattern?).
2. Click first line than click second line

YouTube in Hindi )
ARC LENGTH
This is a fairly new command in AutoCAD and will not be available on some older versions. This
command works quite simply, just start the command and select an arc or arc segment of a
polyline. In the example below, I have shown the Angular (180°) dimension with the Arc length
so that you can see the difference. Notice the symbol in front of the 3.14.
Process – Select Curve than click for Dimension Placement

YouTube in Hindi )
RADIUS DIMENSION
Another common and simple command. DIMRAD will dimension any arc or circle and give you
the radius and place a center mark at the center of the selected object. A center mark is a cross
the indicates the center point of an arc or circle.
2. Click Curve

YouTube in Hindi )
DIAMETER DIMENSION
The diameter and radius dimensions work the same, but give a different measurement. As a
rule, I will use the diameter dim on things like a hole to be drilled or for the dimensions of an
overall part and radius for filleted corners, etc.
2. Click Curve

YouTube in Hindi )
CENTER MARK
By now you should be getting the hang of how this works. The center mark command adds a
center mark to a circle or arc. How it is displayed is set in the DDIM dialog box under the
"Symbols and Arrows" tab. If you select "None" you will not be able to place a center mark using
this command. The icon for center marks is in the sub menu on the dimension panel.
When you Click Circle than automatic show

centre mark on circle

YouTube in Hindi )
LIGN DIMENSIONS
Sometimes you might have a bunch of dimensions in one area and want to space them evenly.
The easy way to do this is to place them quickly, then use the Align Dimension
command, DIMSPACE. Look at the image below with the random spacing. Then mouse over it
to see how this commands gives them even spacing.

YouTube in Hindi )
BASELINE DIMENSIONS
This command is very similar in function to the continue command, but instead provides an
overall dimension based upon the first point you select in your first (base) linear dimension.

YouTube in Hindi )
CONTINUE DIMENSIONS
Another shortcut is to use continued dimensions. With this command, you can select a 'base'
dimension and then have AutoCAD help by continuing the command so that you can just click
and endpoint and continue to the next, click an endpoint, etc. Have a look at the drawing below.

YouTube in Hindi )
LAYER TOOL BAR
The Layer command is a very important tool of AutoCAD. It lets you create layers to separate
You‘re drawing objects. Layers are used to group, change the visibility and to control objects.
Each layer you create has its own associated properties that are unique to that layer. A list of
Things you can do using layers:
• Control objects by locking and unlocking layers so they are not accidentally modified.
• Allow layers to be plotted or not.
• Create as many layers as you want.
• Group layers by colors, line types, names, etc... Also, you can create a group filter inside
The layer manager that can be saved within the drawings so other sharing users can use it
Later.
• Isolate layers and objects with the same properties in the drawing space. For example,
You want to show only walls and hide all doors.
• Change the visibility of drawing layouts.
• Turn on or off, freeze or thaw layers in model space or in the viewport layouts in paper
Space.
• Globally change objects properties.

YouTube in Hindi )
TO CREATE A NEW LAYER
STEP 1
Click the Layer Manager

YouTube in Hindi )
STEP 2
On the Layer Properties Manager, click the New Layer button.
A new layer named Layer1 is automatically added to the layer list.
STEP 3
In the Color column, select the desire color.

YouTube in Hindi )
STEP 4
In the Line type column of click Continuous. In the Select Line type dialog box & than click Load.
HOW TO LOAD LAYER
Displays the Load or Reload Linetypes dialog box, in which you can load selected linetypes into
the drawing and add them to the list of linetypes. In the Load or Reload Line types dialog box,
Available Linetypes list, select Linetype and click OK.

YouTube in Hindi )
OR
FOLLOW THESE STEP
THIS DIALOG BOX WILL OPEN

YouTube in Hindi )
EXAMPLE FOR ASSIGNING THE LAYER TO ANY OBJECT
RESULT

YouTube in Hindi )
PROPERTIES TOLL BAR
FOR COLOR THE OBJECT
* Select ByLayer & chose the color

* Select the object than select required color than press ESC

YouTube in Hindi )
EXAMPLE

YouTube in Hindi )
FOR CENTER LINE , HIDDEN LINE ETC
* Select ByLayer & chose the Linetype or Other…..

* Select the object than select Required Linetype

YouTube in Hindi )
Example
RESULT

YouTube in Hindi )
FOR INCREASE WIDTH OF THE LINE
* Select ByLayer & Change the line weight (width of the line)
* Select the object than select required line weight

YouTube in Hindi )
Note- If Width Not Show in Object than Click/ On the Line weight
Icon from Status Bar

YouTube in Hindi )
The Draw commands can be used to create new objects such as lines and circles. Most
AutoCAD drawings are composed purely and simply from these basic components. A good
understanding of the Draw commands is fundamental to the efficient use of AutoCAD.
2-D
A concept of displaying real-world objects on a flat surface showing only height and width. This
system uses only the X and Y axes.
DRAW TOOL BAR
YOU CAN ALSO CHOSE COMMAND FROM PULL DOWN MENU

YouTube in Hindi )
AUTOCAD PROVIDES TWO TYPES OF COORDINATE SYSTEMS
World Coordinate System (WCS) is fixed and cannot be changed. In this system (when viewing the origin
from 0, 0,1), the X axis starts at the point 0,0,0, and values increase as the point moves to the operator’s
right; the Y axis starts at 0,0,0, and values increase as the point moves to the top of the screen; and
finally, the Z axis starts at the 0,0,0 point, and values get larger as it comes toward the user.
User Coordinate System (UCS) allows you to change the location and orientation of the X, Y, and Z axes.
The UCS command lets you redefine the origin of your drawing and establish the positive X and the
positive Y axes.
UCS ICON
In the bottom left hand corner of the AutoCAD drawing window you will see a symbol
like the one shown on the right. This is called the UCS (User Co-ordinate System) icon
and it is there to remind you which is the X axis and which is the Y axis.

YouTube in Hindi )
FOR LOCK THE UCS

YouTube in Hindi )
COORDINATE SYSTEM
In geometry, a coordinate system is a system which uses one or more numbers, or coordinates,
to uniquely determine the position of a point or other geometric
element. A system of representing points in a space of given dimensions by coordinates.
Basically there are two types of Coordinates Cartesian and Polar.
Cartesian coordinate system
Polar coordinate system

A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a
plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two
fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length.
Or
The Cartesian coordinator system consists of two number lines drawn perpendicular to one
another, intersecting at zero on each line.
1. The point of intersection of the number lines is called the origin.
2. The horizontal number line is the x axis and the vertical line is the y-axis.
3. The two number lines divide the plane into four regions called quadrants

YouTube in Hindi )
The polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a
plane is determined by a distance from a reference point and an angle from a reference
direction. Or The polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each
point P on a plane is determined by a distance r from a fixed point O that is called the pole (or
origin) and an angle θ from a fixed direction.

YouTube in Hindi )
AND

YouTube in Hindi )
There Are Three Methods For Draw A line
1. CARTESIAN COORDINATE SYSTEM
2. POLAR CO-ORDINATE METHOD
3. DIRECT DISTANCE ENTRY
The Cartesian coordinate system divides a two dimensional plane with two perpendicular axis.
The X axis runs horizontal across the bottom of the screen. The Y axis runs vertically along the
left side of the screen. These two axes intersect at the bottom left corner of the screen.
a. ABSOLUTE CO-ORDINATE METHOD (X,Y)

b. RELATIVE CO-ORDINATE METHOD (@X, Y)
a. ABSOLUTE CO-ORDINATE METHOD (X,Y)
The points are located with respect to the origin (0, 0) To locate a point using the Absolute
Coordinate system, type the X-value, Y-value, and, if needed, the Z-value separated by
commas (with no spaces).
b. RELATIVE CO-ORDINATE METHOD (@X, Y)
The points are measured with reference to the previous point rather than to the origin.

YouTube in Hindi )
ABSOLUTE & RELATIVE CO-ORDINATES
Both Cartesian and polar co-ordinates come in absolute and relative. The distinction is quite
simple, absolute co-ordinates relate to the X and Y axes and the origin of the current co-
ordinate system, whilst relative co-ordinates relate to the current pick point.
ABSOLUTE COORDINATES SYMBOL USED
Rectangular: x, y
Polar: R<
RELATIVE COORDINATES
@ x, y
Rectangular:
Polar: @ R< 
2. POLAR CO-ORDINATE METHOD (@R<ANGLE)
A point is located by defining both the distance of the point from the current position and the
angle that the line between the two points make with the positive X-axis.
Direction is determined by the position of the cursor, and length of the line is entered from the
keyboard.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
EXAMPLE

YouTube in Hindi )
ABSOLUTE COORDINATES
ABSOLUTE COORDINATES uses the Cartesian System to specify a position in the X, Y, and
(if needed) Z axes to locate a point from the 0-X, 0-Y, and 0-Z (0, 0, 0) point. To locate a point
using the Absolute Coordinate system, type the X-value, Y-value, and, if needed, the Z-value
separated by commas(with no spaces).
Example:
If you type 12,8 for a position, AutoCAD will locate an entity or part of an entity 12 along the X-
axis and 8 along the Y-axis.
A RELATIVE RECTANGULAR COORDINATE allows you to specify a position along the

X-axis, Y-axis, And Z-axis (if needed) to locate a point relative to the last point you
specified.To locate a point using the Relative Rectangular Coordinate system, type @ and
then the X-value, Y-value, and, if needed, the Z-value, separated by commas and no spaces.
Example: If your last point was at 12,8 (see FIGURE below), you can type @11,7 and
AutoCAD will locate an entity or point 11 along the x axis and 7 along the y axis from the
12,8 point.

YouTube in Hindi )
RELATIVE POLAR COODINATES
RELATIVE POLAR COODINATES allow you to select a point that is a specific length and
at a specific angle to the last point indicated.
To locate a point using a Relative Polar Coordinate: type @, the length of the line, a more
than symbol (< ) followed by the desired angle of the line.
DO NOT add spaces between the @, the line length value, the < symbol, and the angle value.
Example: 1
If you are in the Line command and type @11<45, AutoCAD selects a point that is 11mm long
and at a 45 degree angle from the last point given.

YouTube in Hindi )
LINE COMMAND
The LINE command allows you to create single straight lines or a chain of straight lines. In auto
cad, to draw the line from start to end point.
Draw Line
Select Line command from draw tool bar
Command: _line Specify first point: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you
want the first point to be)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
CONSTRUCTION LINE
Toolbar Draw
The Construction Line command creates a line of infinite length which passes through two
picked points.
The Construction Line command creates a line of infinite length which passes through two
picked points. Or to draw a construction line that extends to in Infinite from both sides. Invoke
the construction line tool from draw tool bar.
Command:
Command: _xline Specify a point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]: : Pick 1 (Click anywhere in the

drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want the Centre point to be)
Specify through point: Pick 2 ( Click anywhere to want direction of center line)
Specify through point: : (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
POLYLINE
Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Polyline
Keyboard PLINE short-cut PL
The Polyline or Pline command is similar to the line command except that the resulting object
may be composed of a number of segments which form a single object.
Note – Use Direct Method.
Command: _pline
Specify start point: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want the first
point to be) Current line-width is 0
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 20 (Enter)`

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 30 (Enter)
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LINE & POLYLINE

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
METHOD FOR INCREASING WIDTH OF THE LINE
Command: _pline
Specify start point: <Snap off> (pick P1) (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD
where you want the first point to be)
Current line-width is 0.0000
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: w
Specify starting width <0.0000>: 1 (Enter)
Specify ending width <1.0000>: 1 (Enter)
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: (pick P2)
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: (pick P3)
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: c or Close (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
CHANGE STARTING & ENDING WIDTH

YouTube in Hindi )
POLYGON
The Polygon command can be used to draw any regular polygon from 3 sides up to 1024 sides.
This command requires four inputs from the user, the number of sides, a pick point for the
centre of the polygon, whether you want the polygon inscribed or circumscribed and then a pick
point which determines both the radius of this imaginary circle and the orientation of the
polygon. The polygon command creates a closed polyline in the shape of the required
polygon.This command also allows you to define the polygon by entering the length of a side
using the Edge option. You can also control the size of the polygon by entering an exact radius
for the circle. Follow the command sequence below to see how this command works.
Command Sequence
Command: Polygon
Command: _polygon Enter number of sides <4>: 5 (Enter) (Type No of edge/side you want)
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: e (Enter)
Specify first endpoint of edge: Pick P1 (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you
Specify second endpoint of edge: 25 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
FOR INSCRIBED POLYGON
All vertices of the polygon fall on the circle

Command:
Command: Polygon
Command: _polygon Enter number of sides <4>: 5 (Enter)
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: c (Enter) ( or Click centre point of any circle)
Point or option keyword required.
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: Pick P1 (Center of the circle) (Click anywhere in the drawing
area to tell AutoCAD where you want the Center point to be)
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <C>: i (Enter)
Specify radius of circle: Pick P2 (Top Quadrant of the Circle)

YouTube in Hindi )
FOR CIRCUMSCRIBED POLYGON
The radius equals the distance from the center of the polygon to
the Midpoints of the edges
Command:
Command: Polygon
Command: _polygon Enter number of sides <4>: 5 (Enter)
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: c (Enter)
Point or option keyword required.
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: Pick P1 (Center of the circle) (Click anywhere in the drawing
area to tell AutoCAD where you want the Centre point to be)
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <C>: c (Enter)
Specify radius of circle: Pick P2 (Top Quadrant of the Circle)

YouTube in Hindi )
RECTANGLE
Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Rectangle
Keyboard RECTANGLE short-cuts REC, RECTANG
The Rectangle command is used to draw a rectangle whose sides are vertical and horizontal.
The position and size of the rectangle are defined by picking two diagonal corners. The
rectangle isn't really an AutoCAD object at all. It is, in fact, just a closed poly line which is
automatically drawn for you.
Command: _rectang
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: Pick P1 (First Point) (Click

anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want the first point to be)
Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: @100, 50 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
ARC
Toolbar
Pull-down Draw Arc 3 Points
Keyboard ARC short-cut A
Command Sequence
Command: ARC
Specify start point of arc or [Center]: (Pick P1) (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD
where you want the first point to be)
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: (Pick P2)
Specify end point of arc: (Pick P3)

YouTube in Hindi )
The Arc command allows you to draw an arc of a circle. There are numerous ways to define an
arc; the default method uses three pick points, a start point, a second point and an end point.
Using this method, the drawn arc will start at the first pick point, pass through the second point
and end at the third point. Once you have mastered the default method try some of the others.
You may, for example need to draw an arc with a specific radius. All of the Arc command
options are available from the pull-down menu.
THERE IS DIFFERENT METHOD FOR MAKING ARC

YouTube in Hindi )
SOME EXAMPLE OF DIFFERENT ARC

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
CIRCLE
Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Circle Center, Radius
Keyboard CIRCLE short-cut C
Command: Circle
Command: _circle Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Pick P1 (Click
anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want the Center point to be)
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <50>: 50 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
SOME EXAMPLE OF DIFFERENT CIRCLE

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
REVCLOUD
Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Revision Cloud
Keyboard REVCLOUD
The Revcloud command is used to draw a "freehand" revision cloud or to convert any closed
shape into a revision cloud.
Command Sequence
Command: REVCLOUD
Enter- a
Give - Minimum arc length: 66.6377 Maximum arc length: 116.6159

Specify start point or [Arc length/Object] <Object>: (Pick P1) (Click anywhere in the drawing area
to tell AutoCAD where you want the first point to be)
Guide crosshairs along cloud path...
COMMAND AUTOMATICALLY ENDS WHEN A CLOSED SHAPE IS FORMED

YouTube in Hindi )
Move the mouse to form a closed shape; the command automatically ends when a closed shape is
formed. Revision cloud finished.
You can use the "Arc length" option to control the scale of the revision cloud. This is achieved
by specifying the minimum and maximum arc length. The "Object" option is used to transform
any closed shape, such as a polyline, spline or circle into a revision cloud.
A REVCLOUD IS USED TO HIGHLIGHT PROBLEMS OR ERRORS IN A DRAWING

YouTube in Hindi )
SPLINE
PROCEDURE
1. From DRAW menu, choose spline or spline icon on draw toolbar.
2. Click spline start point (1). (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want
the first point to be)
3. Click point 2 to 5 to create spline then press ENTER to end the command.

YouTube in Hindi )
ABOUT TOLERANCE IN SPLINE

YouTube in Hindi )
ELLIPSE
Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Ellipse Axis, End
Keyboard ELLIPSE short-cut EL
Command: _ellipse
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Pick 1 (Click anywhere in the drawing area to
tell AutoCAD where you want the first point to be)
Specify other endpoint of axis: 100 (Enter) (Major Axis Distance)
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: 25 (Enter) (Minor Axis Distance)

YouTube in Hindi )
What is Ellipse

YouTube in Hindi )
Command Sequence
Command: ELLIPSE
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: (Pick P1) (Click anywhere in the drawing area to
Specify other endpoint of axis: (Pick P2) (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where
you want the Second point to be)
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: (Pick P3) (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell
AutoCAD where you want the third point to be)

YouTube in Hindi )
ELLIPSE ARC
The Ellipse Arc command is very similar to the Ellipse command, described above. The only
difference is that, in addition to specifying the two axis end points and the "distance to other
axis" point, you are prompted for a start and end angle for the arc. You may specify angles by
picking points or by entering values at the command prompt. Remember that angles are
measured in an anti-clockwise direction, starting at the 3 o'clock position.
Command Sequence
Command: ELLIPSE
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: A
Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [Center]: (Pick P1) (Click anywhere in the drawing area to
Specify other endpoint of axis: (Pick P2) (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where
you want the Second point to be)
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: (Pick P3) (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell
AutoCAD where you want the Second point to be)
Specify start angle or [Parameter]: 270 (Enter)

Specify end angle or [Parameter/Included angle]: 90 (Enter)
EXAMPLE

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
BLOCKS
In AutoCAD, a block is a collection of objects that are combined into a single named
object. The following are some sample blocks at various scales.
What is an AutoCAD block?

A block is simply a collection of objects (it could be one object) that has a name. Blocks have
several advantages:
 You can insert them again and again, saving time. In fact, you can insert them into other
drawings as well.
 A block uses less electronic space than individual objects, so your drawing file is smaller.
 By updating a block’s definition, you can update all the blocks in the drawing.
Ex. Car Shape block use anywhere & many time

YouTube in Hindi )
TO CREATE BLOCKS WITHIN A DRAWING:
1. From the Draw menu, choose Block Make. Or type BLOCKS in the command line.
2. at the prompt of the Block Definition dialog box, enter a block name in the Name box.
3. Under Objects, select Convert to Block.
4. Choose Select Objects.
5. Use your mouse to select the objects to be included in the block. Then press ENTER or the
Space bar to complete object selection.
6. Under Base Point, choose Pick point or Specify on-screen and use your mouse device to
specify the block insertion point. You can also enter the X, Y, Z coordinate of the point manually
(but not recommend).
7. In the Description box, enter a description for the block. This will be displayed in AutoCAD
Design Center. (Optional).
8. Under Behavior, check Allow exploding if you want to disassemble them later.
9. Select OK to close the block definition dialogue box.

YouTube in Hindi )
INSERT BLOCK
Typically, each of these blocks is an individual drawing file, perhaps saved in a folder with similar
drawing files. When you need to insert one into your current drawing file, you use the INSERT command
(or enter I in the Command window).

YouTube in Hindi )
Example
COMPUTER TABLE

YouTube in Hindi )
POINT
Points have many uses in AutoCAD drawings. They are used for construction purposes, to help
you find a coordinate. You can find a point using the NODE object snap. Sometimes, they are
used as symbols, especially the more visible point styles.
The default point style is a simple dot, but it’s hard to see. Some disciplines specify a certain
type of point style, such as an x, a cross, or a circle. AutoCAD comes with 20 point styles, so
you can generally find the one you need. You would usually define the point style first, and then
use the POINT command, but if you change the point style, AutoCAD changes the style of
existing points accordingly.

YouTube in Hindi )
POINT STYLE
Toolbar none
Pull-down Format Point Style…
Keyboard DDPTYPE

YouTube in Hindi )
STEPS TO CHANGE THE POINT STYLE
 Choose the style you want. Note that the second style is invisible.
 By default, the point size is relative to the screen. This means that the point size doesn’t
change when you zoom in or out. This type of point is meant for reference. However, if
you want to use the point to represent a real-world object, choose the Set Size in Absolute
Units option and enter a size in the Point Size text box.
 When you’re done, click OK.

YouTube in Hindi )
HATCH
A hatch object displays a standard pattern of lines and dots used to highlight an area, or to
identify a material, such as steel or concrete. It can also display a solid fill or a gradient fill.
Create hatches and fills with the HATCH command. The following illustration includes a solid
fill, a gradient fill, and a hatch pattern. The hatch pattern has a hatch background color assigned
to it.
Hatching is used to add shaded patterns to objects and shapes within an Autocad drawing.
Hatch patterns can be used to indicate a material to be used, such as a concrete hatch.
Alternatively it could be used to make an area of a drawing stand out.
1. From the Draw Menu, choose Hatch or type Hatch in the command prompt.
2. At the right of the Boundary Hatch and Gradient fill dialog box, choose Pick Points or Select
Objects.
3. Specify an internal point for the hatch area or select the object.
4. Hit the Tab bar or press Enter to go back to the Hatch dialogue box.
5. Select Predefined in the Type box.
6. Select a Pattern From the Pattern box. If you select an ISO pattern, you can specify a pen
Width, which determines the line weight in the pattern.
7. Choose OK.
You can create User-Defined Hatch Patterns
When drawing objects you can use the hatch command to fill areas. It creates block patterns
that can represent materials such as earth, insulations, or grass. You can also create solid fill
the same
Way you create hatch patterns.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
EXAMPLE

YouTube in Hindi )
GRADIENT
PROCEDURE SAME AS HATCHING

YouTube in Hindi )
Here are the steps to create a gradient:
1. Start the HATCH command. Depending on the release of AutoCAD, the Hatch and
Gradient dialog box opens with the Gradient tab on top or the Hatch Creation tab opens.
If you see the ribbon, choose Gradient from the Hatch Type drop-down in the Properties
panel.
2. Choose your colors:
 In the dialog box, choose One Color or Two Color. If you choose One Color, click the
ellipsis button to choose a color and click OK. Then use the slider on the right to adjust
the Shade/Tint slide. This lets you create a gradient that gradates to black or white. If
you choose Two Color, select the second color in the same way that you chose the first
one.
 On the ribbon, click the Gradient Colors button in the Properties panel to toggle 1 or 2
colors. Then, choose a color from the color drop-down lists.
1. Choose one of the 9 gradient types from the dialog box or the Pattern panel on the
ribbon.
2. By default, the gradients are centered. You can uncenter them by unchecking the
Centered check box or button. You‘ll see the center in the 9 thumbnails move.
3. You can change the angle of the gradient using the Angle drop-down list or slider. Again,
watch the thumbnails to see the results.
4. To let AutoCAD calculate a closed area, choose the (Add) Pick Points button. To select
a closed object, click the Add Select Objects or Select button. In the drawing, either click
inside a closed area or select an object, depending on the method you chose.
5. If you‘re using the dialog box, right-click and choose Preview from the shortcut menu.
Right-click to accept the hatch. Press Enter or Esc to return to the dialog box. Otherwise,
you see a preview immediately; press Enter or OK to end the command.
Here‘s a sample car, all filled with gradients.

YouTube in Hindi )
REGION
Toolbar Draw
Pull-down Draw Region
Keyboard REGION short-cut REG
A region is a surface created from objects that form a closed shape, known as a loop.
Before starting the Region command, draw a closed shape such as a rectangle, circle or any
closed polyline or spline.
Regions are two-dimensional areas you create from closed shapes or loops. Closed
polylines, lines, and curves are valid selections. Curves include circular arcs, circles,
elliptical arcs, ellipses, and splines.
Regions are 2D enclosed areas you create from closed shapes called loops. A loop is
a curve or a sequence of connected curves that defines an area on a plane with a
boundary that does not intersect itself. Loops can be combinations of lines,
polylines, circles, arcs, ellipses, elliptical arcs, splines, 3D faces, traces, and solids.
The objects that make up the loops must either be closed or form closed areas by
sharing endpoints with other objects. The objects must also be coplanar (on the
same plane).

YouTube in Hindi )
SOME EXAMPLE

YouTube in Hindi )
Command Sequence
Command: REGION
Select objects: (Pick P1)
Select objects:
1 loop extracted.
1 Region created.

YouTube in Hindi )
TABLE
STEPS TO CREATE A SIMPLE TABLE
1. Type ―TABLE‖ in the command line or select from the Draw toolbar.
2. Select ―Standard‖ for table style unless you have a custom or template table already made.
3. Select ―Start from empty table‖.
4. Specify an insertion point or specify a window where you want the table to be located in
drawing.
5. Enter the number column.
6. Specify the column width.
7. Enter the number of rows.
8. Specify the row height.
9. Set the styles for the rows. Choose in which row you want the header, title and data to be
placed.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
TEXT STYLE
In AutoCAD, go to Format. Select Text Style. When the Text style dialogue box appears:
1. You can either select Standard style or create a new style.

2. Enter the name for your new style.
3. Select a Font Name and Style from the drop down menu.
4. Check the Annotative box if you want annotation text.
5. Enter the Text Height for your style. This is the size of the text that will be displayed each time
you apply your style.
6. Enter a Width Factor.
7. Click Apply.
You can edit the style at any time by repeating the steps below.

YouTube in Hindi )
MTEXT
Toolbar: Draw
Command entry: mtext
Creates or modifies single or multiline text objects. You can import or paste text from other files
to use in multiline text, set tabs, adjust paragraph and line spacing and alignment, and create
and modify columns.

YouTube in Hindi )
MODIFY TOLL BAR
DEFINITION OF EACH COMMAND

YouTube in Hindi )
ERASE
Toolbar-Modify
Pull-down Modify Erase
Keyboard ERASE short-cut E
The Erase command is one of the simplest AutoCAD commands and is one of the most used.
The command erases (deletes) any selected object(s) from the drawing. Remember you can
always get deleted objects back by typing U to undo, from the Standard toolbar or by using
the OOPS command.
Command Sequence
Command: ERASE
Select objects: (Pick an object to erase)
Select objects: (Enter) (To end the selection and erase the object)
Example-

YouTube in Hindi )
An erase command is used to remove complete or a part of drawing. Click on the erase tool and
pick the object to remove, than pressing delete key on the keyboard.

YouTube in Hindi )
COPY
Copy - The copy command will copy any selected drawing elements and reposition where
specified by the user, without affecting the original elements.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Copy
Keyboard COPY short-cut CP
The Copy command can be used to create one or more duplicates of any drawing object or
objects which you have previously created. Copy is a very useful and time-saving command
because you can create very complex drawing elements and then simply copy them as many
times as you like.
A copy command is used to make multiple copies of a part or complete drawing. Click on the
copy tool. Pick the object and specify the base point. Now specify the new location and direction
in reference to the base point.
Without affecting the original elements.

YouTube in Hindi )
Command Sequence
Command: COPY
Select objects: (Pick object to copy, P1)
Select objects: (Enter)

Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: (Pick P2 or M for multiple copies)
Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>: (Pick P3) OR Type
Copy Distance)
Give Distance in Auto CAD by Any Three Methods –

1. CARTESIAN COORDINATE
2. POLAR CO-ORDINATE

YouTube in Hindi )
The multiple options allow you to create additional copies of the selected object(s) by picking as
many new points as you like. To end a multiple copy, just hit the key.
Notice that the "Base point", P2 and the "Second point", P3 do not have to be picked on or near
the object. The two points are simply used to indicate the distance and direction of the copied
object from the original object.

YouTube in Hindi )
MIRROR
Mirror - The mirror command will create a mirror image of any selected drawing elements along
any line of symmetry specified by the user.
Mirror Command used to creates a mirror copy of an object over some plane. This command
very simple and helpful because you just copy and rotating. The new object will create like the
mirror reflection.
For first point you can click near the object and move the mouse around. You will be see the
new object appears to be anchored by one point. This is the swinging mirror reflection.
You can click another point (End/Second point) and you will be see the object will disappear.
But you must check what the options in command line say.
The response N asked you if you want to keep the original object if you want to remove you can
type Y. If you do (the most common response), then just press Enter and you are done.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Mirror
Keyboard MIRROR short-cut MI
The Mirror command allows you to mirror selected objects in your drawing by picking them and
then defining the position of an imaginary mirror line using two points.

YouTube in Hindi )
Command Sequence
Command: MIRROR
Select objects: (pick object to mirror, P1)

Specify first point of mirror line: (Pick P2)
Specify second point of mirror line: (Pick P3)
Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: (Enter) (for No to keep the original object)
Notice that in the command sequence above, pressing the key when asked whether to
"Delete source objects?" resulted in a "No" response. This is because "No" is the default option.
AutoCAD always shows the default option within triangular brackets, in this case "<N>". Many
AutoCAD commands offer default options. They are usually the most commonly used and you
need only right-click and select "Enter" from the menu or press on the keyboard to accept
them.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
OFFSET
Offset -Offset will make a copy of a line or series of selected lines by a specified distance in the
direction specified.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Offset
Keyboard OFFSET short-cut O
Offset is probably one of the most useful commands for constructing drawings. The Offset
command creates a new object parallel to or concentric with a selected object. The new object
is drawn at a user defined distance (the offset) from the original and in a direction chosen by the
user with a pick point. You can offset lines, arcs, circles, ellipses, 2D poly lines, x lines, rays and
planar splines.
Then select object which will be offset and specify the location of the offset, can be inside or
outside the object. Press enter to end the command.
Command Sequence
Command: OFFSET
Specify offset distance or [Through] <1.0000>: 10 (specify distance) (Enter)

Select object to offset or <exit>: (Select Object, P1)
Specify point on side to offset: (Pick direction, P2)
Select object to offset or <exit>: (Enter) (To end or select another object to offset)
Circles can be offset inside or outside of themselves to create a new circle which is concentric
(has the same centre point) with the original circle. In the illustration, a new circle (red) has been
created outside of the original by picking a point outside of the original circle. The radius of the
new circle is the offset distance "Offset" plus the radius of the original circle.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
ARRAY
The Array command makes multiple copies of selected objects in a rectangular matrix (columns
and rows) or a polar (circular) pattern. It is now completely dialogue box driven with the option to
see a preview of the array before it is created. You can also now create rectangular arrays at a
user specified angle.
The array command quickly creates copies of a selected object(s) to a specified spacing.

YouTube in Hindi )
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Array
Keyboard ARRAY short-cut AR
RECTANGULAR ARRAY

YouTube in Hindi )
Now start the Array command. First of all, make sure that the Rectangular Array radio button is
selected and that you are looking at the Rectangular Array dialogue box and now follow the
steps below:
1 .Click the Select objects button. The dialogue box will temporarily disappear enabling you to
select the rectangle you just drew. Press the Return button on your keyboard to complete the
selection. You are now returned to the dialogue box and the message immediately below the
Select Objects button should read "1 objects selected".
2. Enter the number of rows required in the Rows edit box. For this example, enter the value "3".
Notice that the schematic preview on the right hand side of the dialogue box updates to reflect
the values you are entering.
3. Enter the number of columns required in the Columns edit box. Enter the value "2".
4. Enter the row offset in the Row Offset edit box. This is the distance DR in the illustration
above. Note that tis is not the distance between rows. In this example, our rectangle is 10 units
high and we will enter a row offset of 15. The result will be a 5 unit gap between rectangles.
5 .Enter the column offset in the Column Offset edit box. The same parameters apply as for the
row offset. Enter a value of 25 to give a 5 unit gap between our rectangles.
6. Click on the Preview button. Once again, the dialogue box disappears and the specified array
is temporarily drawn so that we can preview it. We are now offered 3 choices. If the array isn't
quite right, click the Modify button to return to the Array dialogue box. If you are happy with the
array, click the Accept button, the array will be permanently drawn and the command is ended.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
POLAR ARRAY
The polar array works in a similar way to the rectangular array. The main difference is that
rather than specifying the number and offset for rows and columns, you must specify a center
point and the total number of objects in the array (including the original object.

YouTube in Hindi )
You can try this for yourself by drawing another rectangle as described above. This time,
though, locate the rectangle in the centre top half of the drawing area. Now, start the Array
command, click the Polar Array radio button and follow the steps below:
1 .Click the Select objects button. The dialogue box will temporarily disappear enabling you to
select the rectangle you just drew. Press the Return button on your keyboard to complete the
selection. You are now returned to the dialogue box and the message immediately below the
Select Objects button should read "1 objects selected".
2. Specify the center point for the array. This is the point C in the illustration below. You can do
this by entering x and y co-ordinates into the appropriate edit boxes if you know what these
values should be. However, this is rarely the case and most often you will want to click the Pick
Center Point button to pick a point from the drawing area. Pick a point somewhere below the
rectangle you have just drawn.
3. Enter a value for the total number of items. For this example, enter the value "6". Notice that
once again, the schematic preview updates to reflect the values you have entered.
4. Make sure that the Rotate items as copied checkbox is checked.
5. Array Click on the Preview button. Once again, the dialogue box disappears and the specified
array is temporarily drawn so that we can preview it. We are now offered 3 choices. If the array
isn't quite right, click the Modify button to return to the Array dialogue box. If you are happy with
the array, click the OK (Accept button), the array will be permanently drawn and the command is
ended.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
.
OR
RECTANGULAR ARRAY
1. Type Array in the command line or select from the modify toolbar.
2. Select the object you would like to array.
3. Input the number of rows. (Negative number for downward array)
4. Input the number of columns. (Negative number will point array to the left)
5. Pick or input the distance for the Row offset.
6. Pick or input the distance for the Column offset.
7. Enter the Angle for the array. (Use the default 0 degree).
8. Select the Preview button to see the sample array before you hit the Ok button. You can
accept the array or modify it. (Optional step).
See the figure below for visual step by step instructions.

YouTube in Hindi )
POLAR ARRAY
1. Type Array in the command line or select from the modify toolbar.
2. Select the object you would like to array.
3. Enter or select the center point of rotation for the object.
4. Select a method of array. (3 methods to choose from see terms definitions below).
5. Enter the number of items to array. (Methods 1 and 2).
6. Enter the array angle. (Methods 1 and 3).
7. Enter the angle between the objects. (Methods 2 and 3).
8. Make sure to check “Rotate items as copied” if you would like to copy the objects as
selected.
9. For Object base point use the default selected. (Optional step).
10. Select the Preview button to see the sample array before you hit the Ok button. You
can accept the array or modify it. (Optional step).
See the figure below for visual step by step instructions.

YouTube in Hindi )
TERMS DEFINITIONS:
Rows and columns: where you enter the number of rows and columns of objects. There is
a maximum number of rows and columns that can be entered. If you want to override that
number you can always do that by typing in the command prompt. Where ### is the new
maximum number you would like.
Method of array: There are three (3) ways you can array objects.
(1) Total number of items & Angle to fill. This method will automatically calculate the
angle between the items based on the number of items and angle to fill.
(2) Total number of items & Angle between items. This will automatically calculate the
angle to fill the array based on the number of items.
(3) Angle to fill & Angle between items. This will automatically calculate the number of
items for you based on your input angle to fill and angle between the items.
Base point: is the reference point where AutoCAD will rotate the object. By default,
depending on the shape, the base point is already set. For example, a circle, an ellipse, or
an arc, they all have a default base point at the center, but you can manually specify a
different point.

YouTube in Hindi )
MOVE
The move command works exactly the same as the copy command described above, except
instead of creating a copy of the selected objects, the second objects are moved.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Move
Keyboard MOVE short-cut M
The Move command works in a similar way to the Copy command except that no copy is made,
the selected object(s) is simply moved from one location to another.
Command Sequence
Command: MOVE
Select objects: (Pick object to move, P1)
Select objects: (Enter) (to end selection)

Specify base point or displacement: (Pick P2)
Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>: (Pick P3)
Give Distance in Auto CAD by Any Three Methods –
1. CARTESIAN COORDINATE SYSTEM

2. POLAR CO-ORDINATE METHOD

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
ROTATE
The rotate command rotates any selected objects about a defined point by the angle specified.
By default Auto cad will rotate objects anticlockwise when an angle is entered.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Rotate
Keyboard ROTATE short-cut RO
The Rotate command allows an object or objects to be rotated about a point selected by the
user.
Command Sequence
Command: ROTATE
Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0
Select objects: (Pick object to rotate, P1)
Select objects: (Enter) (to end selection)

Specify base point: (Pick base point, P2)
Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: (Pick second point, P3 or enter angle) (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
If you want to rotate in a clockwise direction you can enter a negative angle by using a minus
sign.
Note: You can change the angle direction and the base angle using the Units command, Format
Units… from the pull-down menu. Click the "Clockwise" check box to change the direction and
click the "Direction…" button to set the base angle.

YouTube in Hindi )
SCALE
The scale command scales the size of a selected object(s) by a defined scale factor from a
selected base point. The selected objects can be scaled up to increase size or down to reduce
the size.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Scale
Keyboard SCALE short-cut SC
The Scale command can be used to change the size of an object or group of objects. For
example a scale factor of 2 wills double the size of the objects in the selection set and a factor
of 0.5 will half them.
Command Sequence
Command: SCALE
Select objects: (Pick objects to be scaled, P1)
Select objects: (Enter)(to end selection)

Specify base point: (Pick base point, P2)
Specify scale factor or [Reference]: (Click second point, P3 or Enter scale factor) (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
STRETCH
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Stretch
Keyboard STRETCH short-cut S
The Stretch command can be used to move one or more vertices of an object whilst leaving the
rest of the object unchanged. In the example below, a rectangle has been stretched by moving
one vertex to create an irregular shape.
Command Sequence
Command: STRETCH
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...
Select objects: (Pick first point P1 of crossing window)
Specify opposite corner: (Pick second point P2 of window)
Select objects: (Enter)(to end selection)

Specify base point or displacement: (Pick P3 base point)
Specify second point of displacement: (Pick P4 second point)
Stretching with Grips

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
TRIM
This command is similar to Break command but the only difference is the way you cut the
object. In Trim command the cutting edge is defined by other object. Objects that can be
trimmed include arcs, circles, elliptical arcs, lines, open 2D and 3D polylines, rays, splines,
floating viewports, regions, text, and xlines.
Trim command can only be used on objects that intersect each other, if the objects are
separated from each other, then this command can not be executed.
The trim command is an extremely useful tool which will erase all parts of an object beyond or
within its intersection with another object.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Trim
Keyboard TRIM short-cut TR
The Trim command can be used to trim a part of an object. In order to trim an object you must
draw a second object which forms the "cutting edge". Cutting edges can be lines, xlines, rays,
polylines, circles, arcs or ellipses. The red square and circle have been drawn using the
Polygon and Circle commands respectively. In order to trim these objects, a line has been
drawn (cyan in the illustration), this forms the cutting edge. The Trim command, unlike most
other modify commands requires that two separate object selections are made. The cutting
edges are selected first (there can be one or more) and then the objects to be trimmed are
selected. In the example above, the line is selected first because it forms the cutting edge and
then the square and circle are selected.

YouTube in Hindi )
Command Sequence
Command: _trim
Current settings: Projection=UCS, Edge=None
Select cutting edges ...
Select objects or <select all>:(Pick first point P1 of crossing window)
Specify opposite corner: 2 found (Pick Second point P2 of crossing window)
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: (Pick P3 Cutting Object)
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
When the objects were trimmed, both pick points were made to the right of the cutting edge,
resulting in the removal of that part of the objects to the right of the cutting edge. Obviously, the
portion of square and circle to the left of the cutting edge could have been removed by picking
to the left of the cutting edge. Also, you may not have noticed it, but by trimming a circle you
have created an Arc object. This makes no visible difference but the object type has changed.

YouTube in Hindi )
EXTEND
The extend command is similar to the trim command in how it functions, except it extends a
selected line to a point of intersection of another selected object.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Extend
Keyboard EXTEND short-cut EX
This command extends a line, poly line or arc to meet another drawing object (known as the
boundary edge). In the illustration on the right, two lines (red) are extended to meet another line
(cyan) which forms the boundary edge. This command works in a similar way to the Trim
command, described above. Two selections are made, one for the boundary edge(s) and one
for the object(s) to extend.
Lines and other objects can be extended in one of two directions. In the illustration on the right,
the red line could be extended either to the right or to the left. You can tell AutoCAD in which
direction to extend by picking a point to the right or left of the midpoint respectively. AutoCAD
does not intuitively know where the boundary edge lies so you must explicitly indicate the
direction of extension by picking either one side or other of the midpoint.
Command Sequence

YouTube in Hindi )
Command: EXTEND
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select boundary edges ...
Select objects: (select the boundary edge, P1)
Select objects: (Enter)(to end boundary edge selection)

Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (Pick the object which you
want to be extended, P2)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (Pick another object which
you want to be extended, P3)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (Pick another object which
you want to be extended, P4)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (Enter) (to end)

YouTube in Hindi )
BREAK AT POINT
Break at Point - The break at point command enables the user to break an object at a specific
point, creating two separate objects.
it is now broken into two separate lines, at the point we selected.
Command: break at point
Command: _break Select object:
Specify second break point or [First point]: _f (Pick First point P1)
Specify first break point:
Specify second break point: (Pick Second point P2)

YouTube in Hindi )
BREAK
The break command is identical to the break at point command, except the break line isn't as
neat as break at point. The break command is used for splitting objects into two or multiple
objects. For example, if you want to erase the middle portion of a line, you will use the break
command. The command is similar to ―erase‖ in a graphics editing software. You can erase any
portion of an object like arcs, circles or polylines. One useful thing that this command can do is
you can cut a circle into half.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Break
Keyboard BREAK short-cut BR
The Break command enables you to break (remove part of) an object by defining two break
points. In the illustration below, a corner of a rectangle has been removed. The Break command
can be used with lines, polylines, circles, arcs ellipses, splines, xlines and rays. When you break
an object, you can either select the object using the first break point or then pick the second
break point, or you can select the object and then pick the two break points.
Command: BREAK
Select objects: (Select the object using the first break point, P1)
Specify second break point or [First point]: (Pick the second break point, P2)
The section of the object is removed and the command ends.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BREAK AT POINT & BREAK
Break at Point - The break at point command enables the user to break an object at a specific
point, creating two separate objects.
It is now broken into two separate lines, at the point we selected.
Break - The break command is identical to the above break at point command, except the break
line isn't as neat as when using the above command i.e the break point leaves a significant gap
between what is now two separate objects:
The break at point command enables the user to break an object at a specific point, creating
two separate objects.

YouTube in Hindi )
JOIN
Combines a series of finite linear and open curved objects at their common endpoints to create
a single 2D or 3D object. The type of object that results depends on the types of objects
selected, the type of object selected first, and whether the objects are coplanar.
Command: JOIN
Command: _join Select source object or multiple objects to join at once: 1 found (Pick First point
P1)
Select objects to join: 1 found, 2 total (Pick Second point P2)
Select objects to join: (Enter)
2 lines joined into 1 line

YouTube in Hindi )
CHAMFER
The Chamfer command enables you to create a chamfer between any two non-parallel lines as
in the illustration below or any two adjacent polyline segments. Usually, the Chamfer command
is used to set the chamfer distances before drawing the chamfer. Follow the command
sequence below where the chamfer distances are changed to 20 before the chamfer is made.
The chamfer command will chamfer the intersection of two lines to a specified distance.

YouTube in Hindi )
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Chamfer
Keyboard CHAMFER short-cut CHA
Command Sequence
Command: CHAMFER
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 10.0000, Dist2 = 10.0000
Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: D (to set distances) (Enter)
Specify first chamfer distance <10.0000>: 20 (Enter required distance) (Enter)

Specify second chamfer distance <20.0000>:20(first distance value or enter a different value)
(Enter)
Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: (Pick P1)
Select second line: (Pick P2)
The chamfer is made and the command ends.

YouTube in Hindi )
FILLET
The fillet command is very similar to the chamfer command above, except instead of creating a
straight line chamfer, Autocad creates a radius between the two points.
The Fillet command is a very useful tool which allows you to draw an arc between two
intersecting lines or adjacent poly line segments. You first need to use the command to set the
required radius and then a second time to select the two lines.

YouTube in Hindi )
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Fillet
Keyboard FILLET short-cut F
The Fillet command can also be used to fillet arcs and circles. The "Polyline" option also allows
you to fillet all vertices of a polyline with a single command. It's worth experimenting with this
command, it can save you lots of time and enables you to construct shapes which otherwise
would be quite difficult.
METHOD
1. Select the fillet symbol from the modify menu.
2. Type R to specify the fillet radius.
3. Enter the radius
4. Select the first and second intersected line, object or polyline you want to fillet.
5. Hit Enter.
Command Sequence
Command: FILLET
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 10.0000
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]: R (To set Radius) (Enter)
Specify fillet radius <10.000>: 25 (Enter)

Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]: (Pick P1)
Select second object : (Pick P2)

YouTube in Hindi )
FILLET ALSO USED TO JOIN TWO LINE

YouTube in Hindi )
EXPLODE
The explode command is very straight forward. It simply breaks down an object down to its
basic line entities.
The Explode command is used to "explode" single objects back to their constituent parts. In
other words, the command is used to return blocks, polylines etc. (which may be composed of a
number of component objects) back to their individual component parts. The change has no
visible effect.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Explode
Keyboard EXPLODE
Command: _explode
Select objects: 1 found (SELECT OBJECT) (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
VIEW TOOLBAR
The VIEW TOOLBAR allows you to create different windows in which you can view a drawing or
model. It is the main bar to view the drawing in a certain position (projection) and use it in 3D
drawing.
A quick way to set a view is to choose one of the predefined 3D views. You can select
predefined standard orthographic and isometric views by name or description. These views
represent commonly used options: Top, Bottom, Front, Left, Right, and Back. In addition, you
can set views from isometric options: SW (southwest) Isometric, SE (southeast) Isometric, NE
(northeast) Isometric, and NW (northwest) Isometric.
This tool bar allows you to view the two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3 D) can be
seen in view of the other. 2D view of the two dimensional management AutoCAD orthographic
views is the view of the tool bar. The top (Top), bottom (Bottom), Front (Front), Back (Back) and
Side (Side) view can be seen. The three dimensional (3D) view is the view of other AutoCAD
Isometric. Such SW Isometric, NW Isometric NE Isometric view. The view is the object is look
like square, four.
To understand how the isometric views work, imagine you are looking down at the top of a box.
If you move toward the lower-left corner of the box, you are viewing the box from the SW
Isometric View. If you move toward the upper-right corner of the box, you are viewing it from NE
Isometric View.

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
Use the button (icon) on the View toolbar, you can choose a specific view of the drawing.
1. Top - top view (plane X-Y) => floor plan
2. Bottom view of bottom (X-Y plane)
3. Left - View from the Left (YZ plane) => side elevation
4. Right view from right (plane Y-Z)
5. Front - front view (X-Z plane) => draft
6. Back - back view (the plane Y-Z)
7. SW Isometric - 3D view from the South-west
8. SE Isometric - 3D view from the South-east
9. NE Isometric - 3D view from the North-east
10. NW Isometric - 3D view from the North-west

YouTube in Hindi )
TOP VIEW

YouTube in Hindi )
BOTTOM VIEW

YouTube in Hindi )
LEFT VIEW

YouTube in Hindi )
RIGHT VIEW

YouTube in Hindi )
FRONT VIEW

YouTube in Hindi )
BACK VIEW

YouTube in Hindi )
SW (SOUTHWEST) ISOMETRIC

YouTube in Hindi )
SE (SOUTHEAST) ISOMETRIC

YouTube in Hindi )
NE (NORTHEAAST) ISOMETRIC

YouTube in Hindi )
NW (NORTHWEST) ISOMETRIC

YouTube in Hindi )
3D ORBIT
The 3D Orbit is convenient to control the interactive viewing of objects in 3D. 3D navigation
tools allow you to view objects in a drawing from different angles, heights, and distances.

YouTube in Hindi )
CONSTRAINED ORBIT
Rotate the view in 3D space , but constrained to horizontal & vertical orbit only or Constrains
orbiting to the XY plane or the Z direction.
Use one of the following methods to orbit around the objects:
Select the command.
 Click in the drawing

 To rotate along the XY plane, click in the drawing and drag the cursor left or right.
 To rotate along the Z axis, click in the drawing and drag the cursor up or down.
 To allow unconstrained orbiting along the XY plane and the Z axis, press Shift while you
drag the cursor. An arc ball is displayed and you can use the 3D Free Orbit interaction.

YouTube in Hindi )
FREE ORBIT
Allows orbiting in any direction, without being constrained to the XY plane or the Z direction.
Select the command, Click in the drawing than Move the cursor over different parts of the arc
ball to display the 3D free orbit icon that you want to use. Then drag to orbit the view.

YouTube in Hindi )
CONTINUOUS ORBIT
The coolest feature of 3D Orbit

Changes the cursor to a sphere with two continuous lines encircling it and enables you to set
the objects into continuous motion.
Click in the drawing and drag the cursor to start a continuous motion. When you release button
on the pointing device, the orbit continues in the direction that you were dragging.
The speed set for the cursor movement determines the speed at which the objects spin.
Continuous orbit is an ideal way to view your model. As your model rotates, you can pick out any errors
and then stop continuous orbit to fix them. You can change the direction of your continuous orbit at
any time by clicking and dragging in a new direction and then releasing the mouse button. To stop
continuous orbit, choose any other 3D Orbit mode or click in the drawing window.

YouTube in Hindi )
ABOUT ARCBALL
In the center of your screen, you should find the 3D Orbit Arcball with four smaller circles; one
at each quadrant. The Arcball breaks the 3D Orbit work up into zones for different tasks. By
holding the left ( or pick ) mouse button down and dragging in any of these zones you can affect
the camera or viewpoint in ways that allow you to see your object(s) from a full spherical
vantage point.
Inside the Arcball - holding the left mouse button down and dragging it inside the Arcball
provides the greatest amount of freedom to move the camera or viewpoint around you
object(s). To use effectively, think in terms of grabbing a corner or piece of your drawing and
dragging it up, down, left, right or in any diagonal direction to see above, below, right, left or any
other part of the object(s). You can repeat the steps as many times as you like resulting in what
appears as full spherical spinning of the object(s).
Outside the Arcball - holding the left mouse button down and dragging it outside the Arcball
provides only one type of camera or viewpoint control: rotation. No matter where you go outside
the Arcball, the rotation option is the same and simply allows you to rotate the camera or view
so you can reestablish a level horizon.
Top and Bottom Arcball Quadrants - holding the left mouse button down and dragging it while
over the top or bottom quadrant circles provides you with the ability to rotate the camera or
viewpoint through the X-axis of the Target Point. The effect is similar to moving a camera up or
down on a tripod while remaining fixed to a specific target. Both Arcball Quadrants produce the
same results.
Left and Right Arcball Quadrants - holding the left mouse button down and dragging it while
over the left or right quadrant circles provides you with the ability to rotate the camera or
viewpoint through the Y-axis of the Target Point. The effect is similar to moving a camera left or
right on a tripod while remaining fixed to a specific target. Both Arcball Quadrants produce the
same results.
Right-click - using the right-click on your mouse while the 3D Orbit Arcball is active brings up
the 3D Orbit pop-up menu.

YouTube in Hindi )
3D ORBIT OPTION
PAN
The Pan option for 3D Orbit is not the same as the Pan tool in AutoCAD or Architectural Desktop and
thus you cannot use the regular Pan command while in the 3D Orbit command. press the mouse scroll
wheel or middle button down and drag the cursor to pan.
Click and drag will help you panning. Acting as a shortcut for the Pan command.

YouTube in Hindi )
ZOOM
The Zoom option for 3D Orbit is not the same as the Zoom tool in AutoCAD or Architectural Desktop and
thus you cannot use the regular Zoom command while in the 3D Orbit command.
Scroll up to zoom out and scroll down to zoom in.

YouTube in Hindi )
VISUAL STYLES
Visual styles control the display of edges, lighting, and shading.
Visual styles were introduced in AutoCAD 2007. They bring your ability to control how objects
look to a whole new level. You can control how faces and edges look, as well as display a
background, shadows, materials, and lights — all without rendering the drawing.
A visual style is a collection of settings that control the display of edges and shading in the
viewport.
A 3D model can be displayed in a variety of visual styles. A visual style controls the display of
edges and shading in a viewport. There are five basic visual styles—2D wireframe, 3D
wireframe, 3D hidden, conceptual, and realistic. A wireframe display shows all lines on the
object, including those representing back or internal features. A hidden display suppresses the
display of lines that would normally be hidden by surfaces in the foreground.
Visual styles are important when you want to create a presentation-quality drawing that still
functions like a drawing, meaning that it can be edited. They can also help you visualize your
drawing more clearly. Here you see the default 2D wireframe visual style.

YouTube in Hindi )
2D WIREFRAME
This mode displays all lines of the model using assigned linetypes and lineweights. The 2D UCS
icon and 2D grid are displayed, if turned on. In the 2D Wireframe visual style, all edges are
visible. It appears as
if you are able to see through the object.

YouTube in Hindi )
3D WIREFRAME
Click Here
Wireframe Displays all lines of the model. The 3D grid and the 3D UCS icon are displayed, if
turned on. In the 3D Wireframe visual style, all edges are visible. The UCS icon and background
change to make it look as if you are working on a 3-dimensional plane.

YouTube in Hindi )
3D HIDDEN
Click Here
Displays all visible lines of the model from the current viewpoint and hides all lines not visible.
Objects are not shaded or colored. The 3D Hidden visual style, is also a wireframe mode, but
edges on the back of the object are hidden.

YouTube in Hindi )
REALISTIC
Click Here
Displays the shaded and smoothed model using assigned layer colors and materials. The
Realistic visual style, shades objects and smoothes the edges between polygon faces. If you
have attached materials to the object, they are displayed.

YouTube in Hindi )
CONCEPTUAL
Click Here
The object is smoothed and shaded with transitional colors to help highlight details. The
Conceptual visual style, also shades objects and smoothes edges, but uses a different shading
technique. The effect is less realistic, but details can be easier to see.

YouTube in Hindi )
3-D
A way of displaying real-world object in a more natural way by adding depth to the height and
Width. This system uses the X Y and Z axes.
ADVANTAGES OF 3D COMPUTER MODELLING
OVER TRADITIONAL BUILT MODELS

*Can be produced very quickly.
*Can be modified very easily.
*Easily add colour & surface texture.
*Test structural designs before building eg bridges & skyscrapers.
*Easily sent by email to remote locations throughout the world.
*Less storage space required than a ‗real‘ model.
*Used to create realistic simulations.
*Clients can explore virtual ‗walk through‘ of 3D model designs.
INTRODUCTION - WHY 3-D?
You may have already figured out why CAD has many advantages over manual drafting. One
big advantage is that once you've drawn something, you shouldn't have to draw it again. If you
manually drew a house plan, you would have to draw a front elevation, side elevations, and
possibly a perspective view. With one 3-D CAD model, you can generate views from any angle
either inside or outside the house and animations. Afterwards, if your client needs something
changed, you can then make the changes once and re-render your views. If you're drawing
mechanical parts, you can generate virtual prototypes or even create rapid prototypes. In this
manner Boeing was able to design and prototype the 777 jetliner. This level of engineering
would be impossible without CAD.

YouTube in Hindi )
WHAT DOES 3-D SOFTWARE MEAN?
3-D software is a type of computer graphics software that enables the design, development and
production of 3-D graphics and animations. 3-D software allows users to visualize, design and
control an object, environment or any graphical element within a three-dimensional scope. 3-D
software includes Computer Aided Design (CAD) programs and animation packages.
TECHOPEDIA EXPLAINS 3-D SOFTWARE
3-D software mainly works on the mathematical concept of geometry, where each designed
element is mapped into three different axes: X for breadth, Y for length and Z for depth. 3-D
software works by providing users with a different set of functions to design and develop a 3-D
image or animation. These include modeling the image or object, layout, animation and
rendering service. The designed element can be viewed or executed on most modern
computers, mobile devices and operating systems; however, some might require special third-
party or vendor software, hardware or a combination to be viewable.
3D MODELING BASICS
The development of 3D modelling software enables architects and design engineers to create
realistic 3D models of their designs.
Previously they would have been built from clay, card or polystyrene blocks.
A 3D computer model is a virtual object which can be rotated on screen and viewed from any
angle.
THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF MODEL

 Wireframe models
 Surface models
 Solid models

YouTube in Hindi )
WIREFRAME MODEL
The wireframe model is built up using a series of connected lines to produce a 3D
object. A wireframe model is a skeletal description of a 3D object. There are no
surfaces in a wireframe model; it consists only of points, lines, and curves that
describe the edges of the object. With AutoCAD you can create wireframe models by
positioning 2D objects anywhere in 3D space. AutoCAD also provides some 3D
wireframe objects, such as 3D polylines (that can only have a CONTINUOUS
linetype) and splines. Because each object that makes up a wireframe model must be
independently drawn and positioned, this type of modeling can be the most time-
consuming.
 Represents edge of actual object
 Surfaces of object are not defined
 Transparency and no volume
 2D objects in 3D space
 Use Line, Circle, Arc

YouTube in Hindi )
SURFACE MODEL
Surface modeling is more sophisticated than wireframe modeling in that it defines not
only the edges of a 3D object, but also its surfaces. The AutoCAD surface modeler
defines faceted surfaces using a polygonal mesh. Because the faces of the mesh are
planar, the mesh can only approximate curved surfaces.
 Edges and surfaces are defined
 Object has volume but no mass
 Each surface is constructed individually
 Each surface is created / move to the correct orientation w.r.t other surfaces
 Easier to visualize than wireframe
 Can be displayed in wireframe or hidden view

YouTube in Hindi )
SOLID MODEL
Solid modelling allows the creation of graphic objects as though they were actual solid objects.
Solids models differ from surface models in that solid models have density and are not simply
constructed from surfaces that are joined together. Solid models are created similar to surfaces,
i.e., by unioning or joining various primitive solid shapes. This unioning process can be reversed
to implement solids subtraction, where one may use a given type of solid (e.g., a cylinder) to
create a hole of a desired shape in another solid.
Solid modeling is the easiest type of 3D modeling to use. With the AutoCAD solid
modeler, you can make 3D objects by creating basic 3D shapes: boxes, cones,
cylinders, spheres, wedges, and tori (do- nuts). You can then combine these shapes
to create more complex solids by joining or subtracting them or finding their
intersecting (over- lapping) volume. You can also create solids by sweeping a 2D
object along a path or revolving it about an axis.
 A complete computerized replica of the actual object
 Complete surfaces, edges, interior features of the object
 Object has volume and mass
 Can be displayed in wireframe or hidden view
 Constructing primitive shapes.

YouTube in Hindi )
WHY SOLID MODELING?
• Recall weakness of wireframe and surface modeling
– Ambiguous geometric description
– incomplete geometric description
– lack topological information
– Tedious modeling process
– Awkward user interface
• Solid modeling is based on complete, valid and unambiguous geometric representation

of physical object.
– Complete  points in space can be classified.(inside/ outside)
– Valid vertices, edges, faces are connected properly.
– Unambiguous  there can only be one interpretation of object
• Analysis automation and integration is possible only with solid models has properties
such as weight, moment of inertia, mass.
• Solid model consist of geometric and topological data
– Geometry  shape, size, location of geometric elements
– Topology connectivity and associatively of geometric elements non

graphical, relational information

YouTube in Hindi )
MODELING TOOL BAR
PRIMITIVE SOLIDS
A primitive solid is a ‗building block' that you can use to work with in 3D. Rather than extruding
or revolving an object, AutoCAD has some basic 3D shape commands at your disposal. From
these basic primitives, you can start building your 3D models. In many cases, you get the same
result from drawing circles and rectangles and then extruding them, but doing it one command
is generally faster. Using these with Boolean operations can be a very effective way of drawing
in 3D. There are 6 six different shapes that you can choose from:

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
BOX
Creates a box with length, width, and height values you specify. The length corresponds to the
X axis, the width to the Y axis, and the height to the Z axis.
Entering a positive value draws the height along the positive Z axis of the current UCS. Entering
a negative value draws the height along the negative Z axis.
The base of the box is always drawn parallel to the XY plane of the current UCS (work plane).
The height of the box is specified in the Z-axis direction. You can enter both positive and
negative values for the height.
Command: _box
Specify first corner or [Center]: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]: @50, 50, 25 (Enter)
Wireframe Visual style Realistic Visual style

YouTube in Hindi )
WEDGE
Creates a wedge with length, width, and height values you specify. The length corresponds to
the X axis, the width to the Y axis, and the height to the Z axis
You can create a 3D solid wedge similar to creating a box. Begin by drawing a rectangle and
then specify the height.
Command: _wedge
Specify first corner or [Center]: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]: @25,25 (Enter)
Specify height or [2Point] <25>: 75 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
CONE
Creates a 3D solid with a circular or elliptical base that tapers symmetrically to a point or to a
circular or elliptical planar face.
TOP RADIUS specifies the top radius of the cone, creating a cone frustum. Initially, the
default top radius is not set to any value. During a drawing session, the default value for the top
radius is always the previously entered top radius value for any solid primitive.
Command: _cone
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you
want the Centre point to be)
Specify base radius or [Diameter]: 10 (Enter)
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius] <75>: 60 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
SPHERE
You can create a sphere by specifying a center point and a point on the radius.
Command: _sphere
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want
Specify radius or [Diameter] <10>: 20 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
CYLINDER
The cylinder was created using a center point (1), a point on the radius (2), and a point for the
height (3). The base of the cylinder is always on a plane parallel with the work plane.
Command: _cylinder
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you
Specify base radius or [Diameter] <20>: 20 (Enter)
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint] <60>: 60 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
TORUS
Create a ring-shaped solid that resembles the inner tube of a tire.
You can create a torus by specifying the center, then the radius or diameter of the torus, and
then the radius or diameter of the tube that surrounds the torus.
Command: _torus
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want
Specify radius or [Diameter] <20>: 60 (Enter)
Specify tube radius or [2Point/Diameter]: 20 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
PYRAMID
A pyramid is defined by the center of the base point, a point on the middle of the edge, and another
point that determines the height
EDGE -Sets the length of the one edge of the pyramid base, as indicated by two points that
you specify
SIDES- Sets the number of sides for the pyramid. Enter a positive value from 3-32.
TOP RADIUS -Specifies the top radius of the pyramid, creating a pyramid frustum. Initially,
the default top radius is not set to any value. During a drawing session, the default value for the
top radius is always the previously entered top radius value for any solid primitive.
Command: _pyramid
4 sides Circumscribed
Specify center point of base or [Edge/Sides]: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you
Specify base radius or [Inscribed] <60>: 40 (Enter)
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius] <60>: 100 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
HELIX
The shape formed by a line that curves around and along a central line. A helix (pl: helixes or
helices) is a type of smooth space curve, i.e. a curve in three-dimensional space. It has the
property that the tangent line at any point makes a constant angle with a fixed line called the
axis. Examples of helices are coil springs and the handrails of spiral staircases.Use a helix as a
sweep path for the SWEEP command to create springs, threads, and circular stairways.
Command: _Helix
Number of turns = 3.00 Twist=CCW
Specify center point of base: (Click anywhere in the drawing area to tell AutoCAD where you want
the center point to be)
Specify base radius or [Diameter] <1.00>: 2 0 (Enter)
Specify top radius or [Diameter] <20.00>: 20 (Enter)
Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint/Turns/turn Height/tWist] <1.00>: t (Enter)
Enter number of turns <3.00>: 10 (Enter)
Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint/Turns/turn Height/tWist] <1.00>: 200 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
EXAMPLE

YouTube in Hindi )
EXTRUDE
The EXTRUDE command allows you to create a solid object from circles, polygons, and
objects, created from or converted to Polylines, that have "closed" paths.
The Extrude command allows you to create a 3-D solid from a closed 2-Dimensional shape,
such as a circle, ellipse, region or a closed spline or polyline. You can select any 2-D objects
you want as long as they form a closed shape that does not intersect itself at any point.
NOTE: The height in an extrusion occurs along the Z axis; therefore, you must be aware of the
orientation of the UCS.
You use a positive or negative value depending on the direction you want the extrusion to
project.
The EXTRUDE command creates a solid or surface that extends the shape of a curve. Open
path (Boundary) create surfaces and closed path( Boundary) create solids or surfaces.
Command: _extrude
Select objects to extrude or [MOde]: 1 found (Click on the object you wish to extrude)
Select objects to extrude or [MOde]: (Enter)
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle/Expression]: 25 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
TAPER ANGLE
This option allows you to create an extrusion object with an angle applied to the vertical faces.
It prompts you for the taper angle and height. If the angle is positive, sections decrease; and if
negative, sections increase. If the taper angle or height values are too large, a vertex or edge
may be reached before the specified height.
The EXTRUDE command creates a solid or surface that extends

the shape of a curve. Open path (Boundary) create surfaces and
closed path( Boundary) create solids or surfaces

YouTube in Hindi )
WHAT HAPPENED WHEN EXTRUDES
CLOSED PATH (BOUNDRAY) & OPEN PATH (BOUNDRAY)

YouTube in Hindi )
HOW TO MAKE BOUNDRAY
BOUNDRAY COMMAND
Creates a region or a polyline from an enclosed area.
Command: _boundary
Pick internal point: (Click inside the object you wish to Boundary)
Pick internal point: (Enter)
BOUNDARY created 1 polyline

YouTube in Hindi )
HOW TO DO BOUNDRAY OR CLOSED PATH
Step 1 –
Go to Draw (Main menu Bar)
& Select Boundary

YouTube in Hindi )
Step 2
Step 3

YouTube in Hindi )
PRESSPULL
The Presspull command has been in AutoCAD for several years, providing a quick and easy
way to create an extruded shape from a closed boundary.
Command: _presspull
Click inside bounded areas to press or pull: (Click inside the object you wish to Presspull)
1 loop extracted.
1 Region created. 25 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
PRESS AND PULL TO CREATE HOLES AND SOLID EXTRUSIONS
Press in or pull out bounded, or closed, areas or objects to create holes and 3D solid extrusions.
You can click inside a closed object, an area, or a face that is imprinted on a solid object and
then drag it in or out. The following example shows how you can press or pull a circle imprinted
on the face of a solid box to create a hole or extrusion from the box.

YouTube in Hindi )
PRESS OR PULL TO OFFSET A 3D SOLID FACE
If you select a planar face of a 3D solid object, the press or pull operation modifies the size of
the solid object based on the offset distance you specify. You can select more than one face on
the object. By pressing Ctrl as you drag the face, you can preserve the angle of the adjacent
faces. For best results, do not select adjacent faces that are filleted.

YouTube in Hindi )
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EXTRUDE AND PRESSPULL
COMMAND IN AUTOCAD?
Many ways to create 3D objects, among the functions of command "Extrude", "Revolve" and
"Presspull", each has advantages and disadvantages depending on the requirements and
techniques in use, and depending on the object that will do you.
3D objects are generally derived from 2D objects, then extrude do with technique, or presspull
Revolve, a special command presspull present only in the latest version of Autocad version, but
if extrude and Revolve has existed on older versions.
EXTRUDE COMMAND
The EXTRUDE command allows you to create a solid object from circles, polygons, and
objects, created from or converted to Poly lines, that have "closed" paths.
SOME POINTS
1. Extrude an object that will have to form a single entity, eg rectang, ellipse or circle.
2. Objects that have not been a single entity, must first be done boundary or pedit or region.
3. Could form the slope (taper) when the extrude.
PRESSPULL COMMAND
The PRESSPULL command will enable you to extrude an element from any enclosed boundary
between lines that are not necessarily a closed poly line or boundary. This is a quick and easy
way to create an extruded shape.
1. Can be done on an object that has not been a single entity.
2. Can make holes (press) or to make things stand out (pull).

YouTube in Hindi )
SWEEP COMMAND
The modeling tool sweep is a most useful 3D converting important command. It is use when a
part of mechanical drawing using sweeping path. The SWEEP command creates a solid or
surface by extending a profile shape (the object that is swept) along a specified path. When you
sweep a profile along a path, the profile is moved and aligned normal (perpendicular) to the
path. Open profiles create surfaces and closed curves create solids or surfaces.
With the SWEEP command, you can create a new solid or surface by sweeping an open or
closed planar curve (profile) along an open or closed 2D or 3D path. SWEEP draws a solid or
surface in the shapeof the specified profile along the specified path. You can sweep more than
one object, but they all must lie on the same plane
Command: _sweep
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4, Closed profiles creation mode = Solid
Select objects to sweep or [MOde]: _MO Closed profiles creation mode
[SOlid/SUrface] <Solid>: _SO
Select objects to sweep or [MOde]: 1 found (Select the Object (A) you wish to Sweep)
Select objects to sweep or [MOde]: (Enter)
Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]: (Select the Curve or Profile (B))

YouTube in Hindi )
EXAMPLE

YouTube in Hindi )
REVOLVE COMMAND
The REVOLVE command allows you to create a curved solid from a 2D Polyline object by
sweeping it around an axis. The REVOLVE command has been updated to produce either
surfaces or solids based on the profile and axis of rotation. Using the REVOLVE command on a
closed 2D profile will produce a solid. Using the REVOLVE command on an open 2D profile will
produce a surface unless the axis of revolution ―closes‖ the profile.
Command: _revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: _MO Closed profiles creation mode
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: 1 found (Select the Object (A) you wish to Sweep)
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: (Enter)
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object/X/Y/Z] <Object>: (Click the Point X )
Specify axis endpoint: (Click the Point Y )
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle/Reverse/EXpression] <360>: (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
REVOLVE AROUND THE BLUE LINE 360 DEGREES

YouTube in Hindi )
IF YOU WANT TO REVOLVE OBJECT 250 DEGREES
Command: _revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: _MO Closed profiles creation mode
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: 1 found(Select the Object (A) you wish to Sweep)
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]:
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object/X/Y/Z] <Object>:(Click the Point X )
Specify axis endpoint: (Click the Point Y )
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle/Reverse/EXpression] <360>: 250 (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
LOFT COMMAND
Creates 3D solid or surface in the space between several cross sections.

The LOFT command is a not very popular command among beginners using AutoCAD but at
some point of the learning process, you will the need to learn how to use and play with this
command. The LOFT command has many unique features and the results you can obtain with it
are hardly similar when combining several other techniques. With the LOFT command, you can
create a new solid or surface by specifying a series of cross sections. The cross sections define
the profile (shape) of the resulting solid or surface. It is recommended to use <cross sections
only> or "Path", because it's easier to apply than "Guides". Use cross sections with arcs,
polylines, lines or polygons. If you use closed polylines or circles as cross sections, then LOFT
creates a solid in the space between the cross sections. You must specify at least two cross
sections when you use the LOFT command.

YouTube in Hindi )
Command: _loft
Select cross sections in lofting order or [POint/Join multiple edges/MOde]: _MO
Closed profiles creation mode [SOlid/SUrface] <Solid>: _SO
Select cross sections in lofting order or [POint/Join multiple edges/MOde]: 1
found(Select the Section (A))
found, 2 total(Select the Section (B))
found, 3 total(Select the Section (C))
Select cross sections in lofting order or [POint/Join multiple edges/MOde]: 3 cross sections
selected (Enter)
Enter an option [Guides/Path/Cross sections only/Settings] <Cross sections only>: (Enter)

YouTube in Hindi )
YouTube in Hindi )
BOOLEAN OPERATIONS
The Boolean commands work only on solids or regions. The first stage in a solid model creation
consists in obtaining one or more primitives. The next stage consists in using Boolean
operations of Union,Subtract or Intersect in order to create the solid model.
Working in 3D usually involves the use of solid objects. At times you may need to combine
multiple parts into one, or remove sections from a solid. AutoCAD has some commands that
make this easy for you. These are the Boolean operations as well as some other helpful
commands for solids editing.
Union: Defines a new solid that consists of common and uncommon volume between selected
solids.
Subtract: Select two set of solids. A single solid based on the removal of the second set from the
first one will be created.
Intersect: Defines a new solid object based on the common volume between selected solids.
SHORT DEFINATION
 Union
 Joins selected solids
 Subtract
 Subtract one set of solids from another
 Intersect
 Create a solid of intersection (common volume) from the selected solids

YouTube in Hindi )
UNION
The UNION command generates a tridimensional object made up of the mathematical union of
two or more solids. The solids obtained this way act as a single object.
Command: _union
Select objects: 1 found (Select the Solid body (A))
Select objects: 1 found, 2 total (Select the Solid body (B))

YouTube in Hindi )
The UNION command combines one or more solid objects into one object.

YouTube in Hindi )
SUBTRACT
The subtract command is used to cut away, or remove the volume of one object from another. It
is important to check the command line when using this command. Remember that AutoCAD
always asks for the object that you are subtracting FROM first, and then it asks for the objects to
subtract.
The SUBTRACT command works a little like the UNION command. But in this case we subtract
an object A from an object B. This command makes sense only when both object have an area
which is common to both.
The SUBTRACT command allows the obtaining of a single tridimensional solid composed by
Mathematical subtracting of the common part of two or more solids.

YouTube in Hindi )
The SUBTRACT command removes the volume of one or more solid objects from an object
Command: _subtract Select solids, surfaces, and regions to subtract from ..
Select objects: 1 found(Select the Solid body (A))
Select solids, surfaces, and regions to subtract ..
Select objects: 1 found(Select the Solid body (B))

YouTube in Hindi )
OR
Command: _subtract Select solids, surfaces, and regions to subtract from ..
Select solids, surfaces, and regions to subtract ..
Select objects: 1 found(Select the Solid body (B))

YouTube in Hindi )
INTERSECT
The INTERSECT command allows the obtaining of a solid composed from the common part of
two or more solids This command creates a new solid from the intersecting volume of two or
more solids or regions. AutoCAD will find where the two objects have an volume of interference
and retain that area and discard the rest.

YouTube in Hindi )
The INTERSECT command combines the volume of one or more solid objects at the areas of
interference to create one solid object.
Command: _intersect
Select objects: 1 found, 2 total(Select the Solid body (B))

YouTube in Hindi )

1 58503 325 1 2

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

1 58503 325 1 2

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Make your future

Get a Skill Get a Job bright

BASIC OF AUTO CAD

WHAT IS AUTO CAD

WHAT IS AN ENGINEERING DESIGN

HOW TO CHANGE GRAPHIC PROPERTIES

DETAILS OF STATUS BAR

DIMENSION TOOL BAR

HOW TO SET DIMENSIONING STYLE

2 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

LAYER TOOL BAR

PROPERTIES TOOL BAR

DRAW TOOL BAR

MODIFY TOOL BAR

DEFINITION OF EACH COMMAND

ADVANTAGES OF 3D COMPUTER MODELLING

4 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

HOW TO MAKE BOUNDRAY

PRESS OR PULL TO OFFSET A 3D SOLID FACE

6 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

ककिाब मऱखना एक अनठ

7 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

This book is so helpful with clearly laid-out commands in an easy to understand,

Now a day’s AutoCAD is popular name in the field of 2D and 3D computer-aided

The biggest advantage to AutoCAD is that it improves productivity. It helps the

8 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

WHAT IS AN ENGINEERING DESIGN?

9 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

 Flexibility of editing- ability to make quick alterations to a drawing

 Design- Allows you to quickly change current designs with accuracy

 Integration of CS techniques in engineering design

10 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

Absolute accuracy can be maintained. Dimensioning is almost automatic.

Eliminates the need for full size set outs.

11 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

Within the CAD/CAM PC:

 the working plan is completed and signed off

Can be easily erased and changed

If computer problem, all data will be lost

12 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

First released in 1982 under the name ‗Micro CAD‘.

 AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Design or Computer Aided Drafting) software

13 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

14 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

15 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

16 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

STEP 1 - OPEN AUTO CAD

17 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

THIS WINDOW WILL OPEN

18 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

19 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

20 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

21 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

YOU CAN ALSO LOADING TOOLBARS FROM THIS PROCESS

22 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

23 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

24 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

25 www.tejasvieducation.com. Watch – Video ( Auto Cad & Pro-E wildfire in

TO FORMAT DRAWING UNITS

1. From the Format menu, choose Units.

 Under Length, select a unit type and level of precision.

 Under Angle, select an angle type and precision.

3. Choose OK to exit each dialog box.