12 - Topnotch Preventive Medicine SuperExam

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PREVENTIVE MEDICINE SUPEREXAM
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DEAR TOPNOTCH FRIENDS:

PLEASE FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS:

1. These questions are previous diagnostic, midterm, and finals exams of Topnotch, almost all of them made by Topnotch Board Exam Topnotchers.
2. Answer this Topnotch Superexam seriously 100-items at a time. Cover the “Explanations” Column. Do not immediately look at the answers from the
answer key. That’s not the correct way of answering sample exams. You need to treat these MCQs as exercises and not as handouts.
3. Time yourself. 1.5 hours per 100-item block.
4. After answering each 100-item block, refer to the Topnotch Answer Key for the correct answers. Please be careful of “frameshift mutations” when
checking your answers – check every 10 items. (the format of the answer key was designed for you to practice against “frameshift mutations”)
5. The Topnotch Superexams are EXERCISES for the actual med boards. They will not appear verbatim in your future exams. More than knowing what’s
the correct answer, it’s more important for you to:
a. Know why the other choices are wrong
b. Know why the other choices were included in the first place
c. Know the explanation to the correct answer
6. Sharpen your mind by answering the Topnotch Superexams. Most of these questions based on past feedback are more difficult than the actual questions
in the med boards. In these exams made by Board Exam Topnotchers, if you’re getting a score of 60/100 , that’s already a good score. More than 80/100
is outstanding.

Item QUESTION EXPLANATION AUTHOR TOPNOTCH
# EXAM
1 Mang Jose lost his vision because of bilateral retinal Impairment – loss of psychological, physiologic or KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
detachment. Fortunately, his building’s elevator has Braille anatomic function TANHUI EXAM -
on the elevator keys so he has no problem getting around. Disability – lack of ability to perform certain (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
Mang Jose has: activities which is considered normally possible 2015 MED
A. Impairment for a human being BOARDS;
B. Disability Handicap – inability to perform a role in the TOPNOTCH
C. Handicap context of society MD FROM LA
D. A and B SALLE)
E. All of the above Mang Jose’s impairment is blindness. His disability
in this context is reading the elevator keys.
However, he is not handicapped because despite
this disability he is able to use the elevator. If the
elevator did not have Braille on it, he would have
been handicapped. Handicap is a relative term that
can be adjusted via modifications in the
environment that allows people with disabilities
to be able to perform equal functions or roles as
those who do not.
2 Patient undergoes a screening test and a tumor was Length bias – window period between the time the KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
discovered. The screening advanced the time of diagnosis cancer can be detected and the time it will become TANHUI EXAM -
but no true prolongation of life occurs because there are clinically apparent is short. Screening tests are (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
no effective treatments available. What form of bias is this? more effective in slowly growing tumors. 2015 MED
A. Length bias Lead-time bias – screening advances time of BOARDS;
B. Lead time bias diagnosis but no true prolongation of life occurs TOPNOTCH
C. Information bias because survival for persons who are screened MD FROM LA
D. Recall bias and those who are not is the same SALLE)
E. Selection bias Information bias – systemic difference in the way
data are collected from exposure or the outcome
Recall bias – one form of information bias and
refers to what one may remember from exposure
Selection bias – inclusion of a subject in a study
group is linked to the exposure of interest

Source: Topnotch handout on Preventive Medicine
3 The country of birth is an example of what measurement Dichotomous – only 2 possible values KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
scale? (male/female, dead/alive, cured/not cured) TANHUI EXAM -
A. Dichotomous Nominal variable – more than 2 possible values (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
B. Nominal but no intrinsic ordering 2015 MED
C. Ordinal Ordinal variable – intrinsically ordered but not in BOARDS;
D. Interval a quantitative way (good-better-best, always- TOPNOTCH
E. Ratio sometimes-never) MD FROM LA
Interval – real numerical units but without a clear SALLE)
zero point (temperature, year of birth)
Ratio – measurements in relation to a clear zero
point (age, metric system)

Source: Topnotch handout on Preventive Medicine
4 Screening for hypertension is an example of which level of Primary – before disease occurs KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
prevention? Secondary – before symptoms occur but already TANHUI EXAM -
A. Primary with disease (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
B. Secondary Tertiary – symptoms and disease already occurred 2015 MED
C. Tertiary BOARDS;
D. Primary and Secondary HPN screening is secondary because BP already TOPNOTCH
E. Primary and Tertiary high but no s/s. Primary because there is no stroke MD FROM LA
yet. SALLE)
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PREVENTIVE MEDICINE SUPEREXAM Page 1 of 86

5 A researcher is conducting a study on the effects of Case control – Subjects are initially divided KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
exposure to arsenic and the development of skin cancer. according to presence or absence of disease. TANHUI EXAM -
He takes a group of patients with disease and compares Outcome is analyzed first, then from there (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
them with case matched patients without the disease. The exposure is determined. 2015 MED
frequency of arsenic exposure is compared between the 2. BOARDS;
Which of the following type of study is this? Cohort – Subjects are initially divided according to TOPNOTCH
A. Ecologic study presence or absence of exposure. Exposure is MD FROM LA
B. Cross sectional study analyzed first, then from there outcome is SALLE)
C. Case control study determined. There are 2 types:
D. Prospective Cohort
E. Retrospective Cohort If the outcome has not yet occurred, it’s a
prospective cohort (but exposure definitely has
occurred already cause remember that’s how you
are gonna group the patients). If the outcome and
exposure both have already occurred, then it’s a
retrospective cohort.

Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine
6 This is an example of a sampling design wherein every kth Simple random sampling – each individual has an KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
element of the population is chosen. equal chance of being selected TANHUI EXAM -
A. Simple random sampling Cluster sampling – population is first divided into (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
B. Systematic sampling sampling units called clusters and each element 2015 MED
C. Cluster sampling found in the chosen clusters is included in the BOARDS;
D. Multistage sampling study TOPNOTCH
E. Stratified sampling Stratified sampling – individuals are divided into MD FROM LA
subgroups on the basis of specified characteristics SALLE)
and then random samples are selected from each
subgroup

7 Which of the following is the appropriate statistical test to Quali – quali: chi square test KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
analyze data comparing the prevalence of malnutrition Quali – quanti: TANHUI EXAM -
between exclusively breastfed and nonbreastfed infants? - T-test (<30 population) (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
A. Chi square test - Z-test (>30 population) 2015 MED
B. Student T test - ANOVA (3 or more groups are being compared) BOARDS;
C. Z test Paired t test- for comparing paired TOPNOTCH
D. Paired T test nonindependent measurements MD FROM LA
E. ANOVA SALLE)
8 The incidence rate of cirrhosis is 80/100,000 person years Relative risk is the incidence among the exposed KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
for heavy alcoholic beverage drinkers and 10/100,000 for divided by incidence among the unexposed. TANHUI EXAM -
non alcoholic beverage drinkers. What is the relative risk Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
of developing cirrhosis for heavy alcoholic beverage 2015 MED
drinkers and nonalcoholic beverage drinkers? BOARDS;
A. 1/8 TOPNOTCH
B. 0.8 MD FROM LA
C. 8 SALLE)
D. 80
E. 800
9 A researcher wishes to test his new rapid test kit to Sensitivity – ability of a test to label positive those KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
diagnose malaria. He performs this test on 100 patients who really have the disease TANHUI EXAM -
known to have malaria, 91 of which test positive. He then A/A+C (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
performs this test on 100 patients known not to have Specificity – ability of the test to label negative 2015 MED
malaria, 12 of whom tests positive. What is the ability of those who do not hae the disease BOARDS;
the test to label negative those who do not have the D/B+D TOPNOTCH
disease? Positive predictive value – probability of having MD FROM LA
A. 12% the condition given a positive result SALLE)
B. 88% A/A+B
C. 90% Negative predictive value – probability of having
D. 91% the condition given a negative result
E. 98% D/C+D

10 An epidemiologist wishes to determine how fast people Crude birth rate = number of registered live births KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
are added to the population through births. Which formula in a year/midyear population TANHUI EXAM -
should be used? (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
A. Number of live births in a year/population during July 1 Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine 2015 MED
B. Number of live births in a year/population during BOARDS;
August 1 TOPNOTCH
C. Number of live births during July 1/population during MD FROM LA
July 1 SALLE)
D. Number of live births during August 1/population
during August 1
E. Number of live births in a year/population during the
end of the year

11 Which of the following is a sensitive indicator of the Swaroop’s index = number of deaths among KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
standard of health care by analyzing the number of deaths >50yrs old/total deaths in a year TANHUI EXAM -
over 50 years old? Higher value = better (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
A. Child mortality rate Swaroop’s index tends to be higher in developed 2015 MED
B. Age specific proportionate mortality countries than developing ones. BOARDS;
C. Maternal mortality rate TOPNOTCH
D. Dependency ratio Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine MD FROM LA
E. Swaroop’s index SALLE)

12 This phase of communicable illness occurs in the Incubation period – infection to signs and KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
environment. It is the preliminary interaction of potential symptoms TANHUI EXAM -
agent, host and environmental factors in disease Generation time – infection to maximal (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
production. communicability of that host 2015 MED
A. Incubation period Pathogenic phase – course of disorder in man BOARDS;
B. Generation period Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine TOPNOTCH
C. Prepathogenic phase MD FROM LA
D. Pathogenic phase Incubation period, generation period, latency SALLE)
E. Resolution phase period are relatively same in duration (and
sometimes used interchangeably?)SIMILAR TO
PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE.
13 The resistance of a group to invasion and spread of an Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
infectious agent based on the immunity of a high TANHUI EXAM -
proportion of individual members of the group, believed to (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
be an important factor underlying the dynamics of 2015 MED
propagated epidemic and periodicity of a disease is: BOARDS;
A. Environment TOPNOTCH
B. Antigenicity MD FROM LA
C. Herd immunity SALLE)
D. Virulence
E. Pathogenicity
14 Which of the following family assessment tools is used to Screem (Social, Cultural, Religious, Economic, KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
assess the capacity of the family to participate in provision Educational, Medical) TANHUI EXAM -
of health care or to cope with crisis? - Source of help (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
A. Triangulation - Relationship of health behavior, practices and 2015 MED
B. APGAR utilization of health services SCREEM = BOARDS;
C. SCREEM Resources (this is a must know!) TOPNOTCH
D. Functional chart Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine MD FROM LA
E. Family Genogram SALLE)
15 This stage of the family life cycle wherein there is Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
increasing flexibility to boundaries to include children and TANHUI EXAM -
independence. There is refocus on midlife, marital and (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
career issues as well as beginning shift towards concern 2015 MED
for older generations. BOARDS;
A. Unattached young adult TOPNOTCH
B. Newly married couple MD FROM LA
C. Family with adolescents SALLE)
D. Launching family
E. Family in later life
16 Which of the following is not a feature of Primary Health Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
Care? TANHUI EXAM -
A. Goal is development of preventive health care (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
B. Focus of care is the well and early sick 2015 MED
C. Decision making is from top to down BOARDS;
D. Acceptance of indigenous practitioners TOPNOTCH
E. Self reliance of the community MD FROM LA
SALLE)
17 Which of the following Philippine Herbal Medicinal Plants Lagundi – Cough, asthma KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
is recommended for Diabetes? Niyognyogan - ascariasis TANHUI EXAM -
A. Lagundi Sambong - urolithiasis (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
B. Niyognyogan Ampalaya – Antidiabetes 2015 MED
C. Sambong Bawang – lowers cholesterol, athletes foot BOARDS;
D. Ampalaya TOPNOTCH
E. Bawang Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine MD FROM LA
SALLE)
18 A 4 year old female patient comes to you because the pet Cat 1 – intact skin – no vaccine or RIG needed KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
dog licked her hand. PE revealed no break in the skin. Cat 2 – break in skin but no bleeding – vaccine TANHUI EXAM -
What is the appropriate management? Cat 3 – bleeding or wound located in head and (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
A. Wash exposed skin with soap and water neck – vaccine 2015 MED
B. Vaccine BOARDS;
C. RIG Source: Topnotch handout on preventive medicine TOPNOTCH
D. A + B MD FROM LA
E. All of the above SALLE)

19 Which of the following is an example of specific Specific prevention is a form of primary KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
protection? prevention targeted at a specific disease or type of TANHUI EXAM -
A. Immunization against poliomyelitis injury. Examples include immunization against (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
B. Ear protecting devices in loud working environments specific disease, use of seatbelts to prevent 2015 MED
C. Hold an education program on nutrition for children for injuries in automobile accidents, treatment of BOARDS;
mothers in a community with children aged 1-5 y/o hypertension to prevent end organ damage. TOPNOTCH
D. A and B NOTE: Concept of specific prevention is a must MD FROM LA
E. All of the above know concept in prev med!! SALLE)

Source: Jekel's Epidemiology, Biostatistics,
Preventive Medicine, and Public Health
By David L. Katz, Joann G.. Elmore, Dorothe
20 Which of the following is the millennium development goal MDG1 -To kill extreme poverty and hunger KRISTEL DIAGNOSTIC
aimed at combating HIV/AIDs, malaria, and other MDG2 - To achieve universal primary education TANHUI EXAM -
diseases? MDG3 - To promote gender equality (TOP 3 - AUG MARCH 2016
A. MDG4 MDG4 - To reduce child mortality 2015 MED
B. MDG5 MDG5 - To improve maternal health BOARDS;
C. MDG6 MDG6 - To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other TOPNOTCH
D. MDG7 diseases MD FROM LA
E. MDG8 MDG7 - To ensure environmental sustainability SALLE)
MDG8 - To develop a global partnership for
development

I'm not sure if this is gonna be asked again in the
next exams since the MDG target is by 2015 so not
sure if this will still be relevant. SIMILAR TO
PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE.
21 You are reading a study that compares cholesterol levels in The p value for any hypothesis test is the level at LESTER MIDTERM 1
children whose fathers died from a myocardial infarction which we would be indifferent between accepting BRYAN CO EXAM -
with cholesterol levels in children whose fathers died from orrejecting the null hypothesis given the sample (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
other causes. The p value obtained in the test was <0.001. data at hand. It can also be thought of as the AUG 2015
What does this value indicate? probability of obtaining a test statistic as extreme MED
a. There was no difference in cholesterol levels between or more extreme than the actual test statistic BOARDS;
the two groups obtained, given that the null hypothesis is true. It TOPNOTCH
b. The difference in the cholesterol levels was less than does not reflect the absolute difference in the data MD FROM
0.1% between groups, and does not reflect the UST)
c. There is a less than 0.1% probability that the results correctness of the data in the sample.
obtained in this study were incorrect
d. There is a less than 0.1% probability that the results
obtained in this study occurred because of a sampling
error
e. If the null hypothesis is true, there is a less than 0.1%
probability of obtaining a test statistic equal to or more
extreme than the one obtained
22 Stage in the Family life cycle which begins with the birth of LESTER MIDTERM 1
the couples first child? BRYAN CO EXAM -
A. The Unattached Young Adult (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
B. Newly Married Couple AUG 2015
C. Family with Young Children MED
D. Launching Family BOARDS;
E. Family in Later Life TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
23 You are caring for a 24-year-old generally healthy woman. When the results of a Pap smear are reported as LESTER MIDTERM 1
She is sexually active and currently in a monogamous ASCUS, and HPV testing on the sample is positive, BRYAN CO EXAM -
relationship, using oral contraceptives. You recently the physician should proceed to colposcopy. (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
completed her annual examination. Her Pap smear reports Colposcopy involves cervical examination under AUG 2015
“atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance.” stereoscopic magnification and includes biopsy of MED
Human papillomavirus testing was positive. Which of the abnormal appearing areas, and is the definitive BOARDS;
following is the test for assessing Pap smear abnormalities. TOPNOTCH
most appropriate next step? Imiquimod is an immune modulator and can treat MD FROM
A. Repeat the Pap smear immediately warts, but is not indicated in this case. UST)
B. Repeat the Pap smear in 4–6 months
C. Repeat the Pap smear in 1 year
D. Perform colposcopy
E. Treat the patient with imiquimod and repeat the Pap
smear after the treatment is complete.

24 You and your friends have just measured the heights of SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LESTER MIDTERM 1
your dogs. You came up with the following measurements: CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. The actual stem question BRYAN CO EXAM -
600mm, 470mm, 170mm, 430mm and 300mm. What is the was a clinical case that asked for the standard (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
standard error? mean, variance and standard deviation in 3 AUG 2015
A. 164 separate questions. We were allowed to use a MED
B. 27,130 scientific calculator, so familiarize yourself on how BOARDS;
C. 394 to use it if you forget the formula. FORMULA FOR TOPNOTCH
D. 73.66 STANDARD ERROR: Standard deviation/square MD FROM
E. 32.8 root of sample size. LONG METHOD OF UST)
CALCULATING STANDARD ERROR - Step 1:
Calculate the mean (Total of all samples divided by
the number of samples). Step 2: Calculate each
measurement's deviation from the mean (Mean
minus the individual measurement). Step 3:
Square each deviation from mean. Squared
negatives become positive. Step 4: Sum the
squared deviations (Add up the numbers from
step 3). Step 5: Divide that sum from step 4 by one
less than the sample size (n-1, that is, the number
of measurements minus one) Step 6: Take the
square root of the number in step 5. That gives
you the "standard deviation (S.D.)." Step 7: Divide
the standard deviation by the square root of the
sample size (n). That gives you the “standard
error”.
25 An infant born to a Hepatitis B infected mother should get LESTER MIDTERM 1
HBIG (hepatitis B immune globulin) and vaccine within BRYAN CO EXAM -
how many hours after birth? (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
A. 12 AUG 2015
B. 24 MED
C. 36 BOARDS;
D. 48 TOPNOTCH
E. 72 MD FROM
UST)
26 The Family APGAR assesses the following aspects except? R should be Resolve LESTER MIDTERM 1
A. Adaptation BRYAN CO EXAM -
B. Partnership (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
C. Growth AUG 2015
D. Affection MED
E. Resilience BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
27 You are determining whether or not to use a rapid A false negative is defined as a person who tests LESTER MIDTERM 1
streptococcal antigen test to screen for streptococcal negative, but who is actually positive. In the above BRYAN CO EXAM -
pharyngitis. You find that that 2% of people with strep example, 2% of the positive people test negative. (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
throat actually test negative using this test. Of the Therefore, the false negative rate is 2% in this AUG 2015
following, which statement best describes this situation? case. Sensitivity is defined as the probability that MED
A. The sensitivity of the test is 2% the test would be positive, given that the person BOARDS;
B. The specificity of the test is 98% has strep throat. The specificity is the probability TOPNOTCH
C. The test has a 2% false negative rate that the test would be negative if the person does MD FROM
D. The test has a 2% false positive rate not have strep. The false positive rate is defined as UST)
E. The test has a positive predictive value of 98% the percent of people who test positive, but are
actually negative. The positive predictive value is
the probability that a person has an illness, given
that the test is positive.
28 You are caring for an 18-year-old man with asthma. He SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LESTER MIDTERM 1
smokes, and reports needing to use his short-acting CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. The patient described in BRYAN CO EXAM -
bronchodilator daily. He gets flares of asthma at least twice this question fits the “moderate persistent” (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
a week, and while some days are relatively symptom free, classification, characterized by daily symptoms AUG 2015
some exacerbations may last several days. He wakes up at and use of short-acting inhaler, with exacerbations MED
least once a week with symptoms. Which of the following that BOARDS;
classifications best characterizes his asthma? affect activity and may last for days. Nighttime TOPNOTCH
A. Mild intermittent symptoms occur at least weekly. MD FROM
B. Moderate intermittent UST)
C. Mild persistent
D. Moderate persistent
E. Severe persistent
29 The following is true of the tip of the iceberg phenomenon SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LESTER MIDTERM 1
of disease except: CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. The floating tip does not BRYAN CO EXAM -
A. The submerged portion of the iceberg represents include subclinical cases (which belongs to the (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
carriers and undiagnosed cases. submerged portion of the iceberg). AUG 2015
B. The floating tip represents what the physician sees in MED
his practice/chamber/hospital. BOARDS;
C. The floating tip includes deaths, clinical cases, TOPNOTCH
symptomatic patients and subclinical cases. MD FROM
D. The unseen part of an iceberg is much larger than the UST)
part that is visible above the water.
E. The pattern of disease encountered in a hospital is
quite different from that in a community.
30 Improving maternal health pertains to Millenium SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LESTER MIDTERM 1
Development goal number: CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. BRYAN CO EXAM -
A. 2 (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
B. 3 AUG 2015
C. 4 MED
D. 5 BOARDS;
E. 6 TOPNOTCH
MD FROM

UST)
31 You are caring for a 35-year-old man in the hospital, Opiate withdrawal is well-characterized, and LESTER MIDTERM 1
admitted with pneumonia. On day 2 of his hospitalization, although not life-threatening in otherwise healthy BRYAN CO EXAM -
he becomes diaphoretic, restless, and irritable. Within adults, can cause severe discomfort. Symptoms (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
hours, he is complaining of severe pain, abdominal cramps, from a short-acting drug like heroin can occur AUG 2015
and diarrhea. Which of the following would likely be within just a few hours. Withdrawal from longer MED
present in his urine toxicology screen? acting opiates may not cause symptoms for days. BOARDS;
a. Cocaine Early symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhea, TOPNOTCH
b. Marijuana yawning, and diaphoresis. Restlessness and MD FROM
c. Opiates irritability occur later, with bone pain, nausea, UST)
d. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethampheatmine (MDMA or diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and mood lability
ecstasy) occurring even later. Cocaine withdrawal does not
e. Benzodiazepines produce a significant physiologic withdrawal.
Intoxication with cocaine does produce elevated
heart rate and blood pressure. The most common
problem produced by cocaine withdrawal is
known as a “crash.” The crash is characterized by
extreme fatigue and significant depression.
Relapse is common during the crash because
return to use provides quick and reliable relief.
Marijuana withdrawal syndrome is also not
physiologically significant. Ecstasy can be
considered a hallucinogen or a stimulant,
and withdrawal is often associated with
depression, but not the symptoms described
above. Benzodiazepine withdrawal mimics alcohol
withdrawal, and is associated with hypertension,
tachycardia, and possibly seizures.
32 You are reading a medical journal and come across an The incidence of a disease is the probability that a LESTER MIDTERM 1
article about diabetes. The study followed 10,000 patients person with no prior disease will develop a new BRYAN CO EXAM -
over 3 years. At the start of the study, 2000 people had case of the disease over a specific time period. In (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
diabetes. At the end of the study, 1000 additional people this case, 1000 people eveloped diabetes. In the AUG 2015
developed diabetes. What was the incidence of diabetes study, only 8000 people began with no prior MED
during the study? disease. Therefore, the incidence is 1000/8000 or BOARDS;
a. 10% 12.5%. The prevalence is the probability of having TOPNOTCH
b. 12.5% a disease at a specific point in time, and is MD FROM
c. 20% obtained by dividing the number of people with UST)
d. 30% the disease by the number of people in the study.
e. 50%
33 Treatment outcome for PTB patients characterized as a LESTER MIDTERM 1
smear positive patient who has underwent 6 months of BRYAN CO EXAM -
DOTS but without proof of cure? (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
A. Cured AUG 2015
B. Relapse MED
C. Treatment completed BOARDS;
D. Failure of treatment TOPNOTCH
E. Default MD FROM
UST)
34 Selective Primary Health Care was introduced as a SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LESTER MIDTERM 1
strategy: CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. BRYAN CO EXAM -
A. Bellagio Conference (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
B. Alma Ata Declaration AUG 2015
C. Brahimi Report MED
D. Clinton Accord BOARDS;
E. Millenium Summit TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
35 What do you call the time interval between entry of an LESTER MIDTERM 1
infectious agent into a host and the onset of symptoms? BRYAN CO EXAM -
A. Incubation period (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
B. Communicable period AUG 2015
C. Preinfectious period MED
D. Noncontagious period BOARDS;
E. Decubation period TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
36 If you wanted to know whether board exam scores of LESTER MIDTERM 1
students who enrolled in Topnotch are significantly higher BRYAN CO EXAM -
than those who enrolled in another review school, which (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
statistical test would be most appropriate? AUG 2015
A. Pearson correlation MED
B. Chi-square test BOARDS;
C. One way ANOVA TOPNOTCH
D. Student's t-test MD FROM
E. Matched pairs t-test UST)

37 Which of the following herbal medicines recommended by LESTER MIDTERM 1
the DOH is an antihelminthic agent? BRYAN CO EXAM -
A. Akapulko (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
B. Bayabas AUG 2015
C. Yerba buena MED
D. Ulasimang bato BOARDS;
E. Niyog-niyogan TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
38 Bysinnosis will have which of the following as a risk Byssinosis is a rare lung disease. It is caused by LESTER MIDTERM 1
factor? inhaling hemp, flax, and cotton particles. It is BRYAN CO EXAM -
A. Hay farmer sometimes referred to as brown lung disease. It is (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
B. Radar assembly worker a form of occupational asthma. In the United AUG 2015
C. Arc welder States, byssinosis occurs almost exclusively in MED
D. Coal worker people who work with unprocessed cotton. BOARDS;
E. Textile worker TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
39 A study shows that people who drink coffee tend to smoke LESTER MIDTERM 1
more, and for this reason, coffee drinkers have a higher BRYAN CO EXAM -
risk of lung cancer. Which of the following occurred in this (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
study? AUG 2015
A. Lead-time bias MED
B. Effect modification BOARDS;
C. Differential misclassification TOPNOTCH
D. Confounding MD FROM
E. Selection bias UST)
40 Which is a water-washed disease? Water-washed diseases: caused by poor personal LESTER MIDTERM 1
A. Schistosomiasis hygiene and skin or eye contact with BRYAN CO EXAM -
B. Leptospirosis contaminated water. Waterborne diseases: caused (TOP 10 - MARCH 2016
C. Dengue by the ingestion of water contaminated by human AUG 2015
D. Scabies or animal faeces or urine containing pathogenic MED
E. Malaria bacteria or viruses. Water-based diseases: caused BOARDS;
by parasites found in intermediate organisms TOPNOTCH
living in contaminated water. Water-related MD FROM
diseases: caused by insect vectors, especially UST)
mosquitoes, that breed in water.
41 Which is not included in the Millenium Development Goals Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A. Improve Maternal Health Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education MICHAEL EXAM -
B. Reduce cardiac mortality Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Women (TOP 5 - AUG
D. Develop a Global Partnership for Development Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality 2015 MED
E. Achieve Universal Primary Education Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health BOARDS;
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other TOPNOTCH
diseases MD FROM
Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability UST)
Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for
Development
42 What statistical test is used to check the difference Chi square test: quali --> quali; t-test quali --> GEORGE MIDTERM 2
between 2 qualitative variables? quanti (<30); z-test quali --> quanti (>30); ANOVA MICHAEL EXAM -
A. T- test quali --> quanti (3 or more groups); Logistic SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. Z-test regression analysis quanti--> quali; Linear (TOP 5 - AUG
C. Chi square test regression analysis/correlation coefficient quanti- 2015 MED
D. ANOVA -> quanti BOARDS;
E. Regression Analysis TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
43 The Goal 4 in the MDG is Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A Improve Maternal Health Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education MICHAEL EXAM -
B. Reduce Child mortality Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. Ensure Environmental Sustainability Women (TOP 5 - AUG
D. Develop a Global Partnership for Development Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality 2015 MED
E. Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health BOARDS;
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other TOPNOTCH
diseases MD FROM
Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability UST)
Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for
Development
44 Malaria prophylaxis is a Primary prevention includes health education, GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A. Primordial prevention specific protective measures, and environmental MICHAEL EXAM -
B. Primary prevention modification and sanitation. SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. Secondary prevention (TOP 5 - AUG
D. Tertiary prevention 2015 MED
E. Quarternary prevention BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
45 Screening programs is a Secondary prevention aims to diagnose early and GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A. Primordial prevention give prompt treatment. MICHAEL EXAM -
B. Primary prevention SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. Secondary prevention (TOP 5 - AUG
D. Tertiary prevention 2015 MED
E. Quarternary prevention BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)

46 Tertiary programs includes The goal of tertiary prevention is to limit disability GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A. Physical therapy and to rehabilitate from disease. MICHAEL EXAM -
B. Water sanitation SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. MMR vaccination (TOP 5 - AUG
D. Annual physical examination 2015 MED
E. Immunoglobulin administration BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
47 Primordial prevention to prevent cardiovascular diseases The clear distinction between primordial and GEORGE MIDTERM 2
includes primary prevention relates to primordial MICHAEL EXAM -
A. Policies to encourage healthy lifestyles prevention activities lying outside the doctor- SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. Drinking medication conscienctiously patient relationship and the medical model. (TOP 5 - AUG
C. Exercising regularly 2015 MED
D. Both A and B BOARDS;
E. AOTA TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
48 This epidemiological concept states that effects never Web of causation is the correct answer. GEORGE MIDTERM 2
depend on single isolated cause but rather as result of MICHAEL EXAM -
causation in which each link is the result of complex SOSUAN MARCH 2016
genealogy and antecedents. (TOP 5 - AUG
A. Epidemiological triad 2015 MED
B. Web of causation BOARDS;
C. Mutlitple causation TOPNOTCH
D. The wheel MD FROM
E. Lever UST)
49 Occurrence of number of cases of a disease in excess of GEORGE MIDTERM 2
normal occurrence or expectancy derived from a common MICHAEL EXAM -
or propagated source SOSUAN MARCH 2016
A. Hyperendemic (TOP 5 - AUG
B. Epidemic 2015 MED
C. Endemic BOARDS;
D. Pandemic TOPNOTCH
E. Absnce of disease MD FROM
UST)
50 Guilt is the primary emotion at this stage according of GEORGE MIDTERM 2
Kubler Ross Stages of Death and Dying MICHAEL EXAM -
A. Denial SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. Anger (TOP 5 - AUG
C. Bargaining 2015 MED
D. Depression BOARDS;
E. Acceptance TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
51 The National Health Insurance Act of 1995 is RA 2382 - Medical Act of 1959 GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A. RA 7875 MICHAEL EXAM -
B. RA 7610 SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. RA 2382 (TOP 5 - AUG
D. RA 7767 2015 MED
E. RA 7234 BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
52 The rate of dissemination of an epidemic is measured by GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A. Pre-patent period MICHAEL EXAM -
B. Prevalance rate SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. Decubation period (TOP 5 - AUG
D. Attack rate 2015 MED
E. Generation time BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
53 First born child is generally first born - persevering; middle child - optimisitc; GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A. Persevering youngest - demanding MICHAEL EXAM -
B. Rebellious SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. Demanding (TOP 5 - AUG
D. Optimisitc 2015 MED
E. NOTA BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
54 The varaiance of this set of numbers (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) is GEORGE MIDTERM 2
A. 1.5 MICHAEL EXAM -
B. 2.0 SOSUAN MARCH 2016
C. 2.5 (TOP 5 - AUG
D. 3.0 2015 MED
E. 3.5 BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)

55 This family assessment tool is used to determine the SCREEM (Social, Cultural, Religious, Economic, GEORGE MIDTERM 2
capacity to participate in provision of health care Educational, Medical) MICHAEL EXAM -
A. Family Tree SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. APGAR (TOP 5 - AUG
C. SCREEM 2015 MED
D. FACES BOARDS;
E. FES TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
56 This component of APGAR describes the ability to share in GEORGE MIDTERM 2
decision making MICHAEL EXAM -
A. Adaptation SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. Partnership (TOP 5 - AUG
C. Growth 2015 MED
D. Affection BOARDS;
E. Resolve TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
57 This epidemiologic curve has a short ascending limb and GEORGE MIDTERM 2
longer descending limb MICHAEL EXAM -
A. Classical epidemiological curve SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. Propagated epidemiological curve (TOP 5 - AUG
C. Progressive epidemiological curve 2015 MED
D. Both B and C BOARDS;
E. AOTA TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
58 This is the amount of chemical that is allowable for only a GEORGE MIDTERM 2
short duration MICHAEL EXAM -
A. Time weighted average SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. Short term exposure limit (TOP 5 - AUG
C. Ceiling 2015 MED
D. Both A and B BOARDS;
E. AOTA TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
59 The size of particles in micrometer that is deposited in the 1-2 deposted in alveolar sacs; >2 to <10 deposited GEORGE MIDTERM 2
alveolar sacs in the tracheobronchial tree; >10 filtered by nose MICHAEL EXAM -
A. 0.1-0.5 and pharynx SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. 0.5-0.9 (TOP 5 - AUG
C. 1-2 2015 MED
D. >2 BOARDS;
E. >10 TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
60 The recommended ORS osmlarity (mmol/L) for fluid Glucose, Na, Cl, K, HCO3 (75, 75, 65, 20, 10, a total GEORGE MIDTERM 2
replacement amongst children with diarrhea of 245) MICHAEL EXAM -
A. 200 SOSUAN MARCH 2016
B. 245 (TOP 5 - AUG
C. 290 2015 MED
D. 335 BOARDS;
E. 380 TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
61 Counselling on safe drug use to prevent hepatitis C virus There were a lot of questions regarding levels of JAN MIDTERM 3
(HCV) transmission and counselling on safer sex is prevention. Additionally, primordial level was CHRISTIAN EXAM -
classified as what level of prevention? included as an offshoot of primary level of FELICIANO MARCH 2016
A. Primordial prevention. Understand each of them by heart. (TOP 2 - AUG
B. Primary Primary prevention is defined as the avoidance of 2015 MED
C. Secondary disease. It seeks to prevent the onset of specific BOARDS;
D. Tertiary diseases via risk reduction: by altering behaviours TOPNOTCH
E. Both primary and tertiary or exposures that can lead to disease, or by MD FROM
enhancing resistance to the effects of exposure to UST)
a disease agent.

62 In a colorectal cancer patient. Follow-up exams to identify Tertiary prevention is defined as the avoidance of JAN MIDTERM 3
recurrence or metastatic disease: physical examination, negative sequelae of a disease process, once the CHRISTIAN EXAM -
liver enzyme tests and chest x-rays is classified as what disease has been diagnosed and treated. It seeks to FELICIANO MARCH 2016
level of prevention? soften the impact caused by the disease on the (TOP 2 - AUG
A. Primordial patient’s function, longevity, and quality of life. 2015 MED
B. Primary BOARDS;
C. Secondary TOPNOTCH
D. Tertiary MD FROM
E. Both primary and tertiary . UST)
63 In a community you decided to perform organized Secondary prevention is defined as the JAN MIDTERM 3
colonoscopy screening programs. This is classified as what interruption of any disease process before the CHRISTIAN EXAM -
level of prevention? emergence of recognized symptoms or diagnostic FELICIANO MARCH 2016
A. Primordial findings of the disorder. This includes procedures (TOP 2 - AUG
B. Primary that detect and treat pre-clinical pathological 2015 MED
C. Secondary changes and thereby control disease progression BOARDS;
D. Tertiary TOPNOTCH
E. Both primary and tertiary MD FROM
UST)

64 Promoting a healthy lifestyle in childhood for example, Primordial prevention acts early in the causal JAN MIDTERM 3
through prenatal nutrition programs and supporting early chain, to alter general social or economic CHRISTIAN EXAM -
childhood development programmes is classified as what circumstances that give rise to risk factors. It FELICIANO MARCH 2016
level of prevention? consists of actions to minimize future hazards to (TOP 2 - AUG
A. Primordial health and hence inhibit the establishment factors 2015 MED
B. Primary (environmental, economic, social, behavioural, BOARDS;
C. Secondary cultural) known to increase the risk of disease. It TOPNOTCH
D. Tertiary addresses broad health determinants rather than MD FROM
E. Both primary and tertiary preventing personal exposure to risk factors, UST)
which is the goal of primary prevention
65 The Pap smear test detects cervical cancer in women at an Secondary prevention is defined as the JAN MIDTERM 3
early stage of the disease when there are no symptoms and interruption of any disease process before the CHRISTIAN EXAM -
the disease is not evident on visual examination. Which of emergence of recognized symptoms or diagnostic FELICIANO MARCH 2016
the following level of prevention applies to a woman with findings of the disorder. This includes procedures (TOP 2 - AUG
no history of cervical cancer who undergoes a Pap smear? that detect and treat pre-clinical pathological 2015 MED
? changes and thereby control disease progression BOARDS;
A. Primordial TOPNOTCH
B. Primary MD FROM
C. Secondary UST)
D. Tertiary
E. Both primary and tertiary
66 This population pyramid is described as having a base that Pls refer to your Prevmed Topnotch handouts JAN MIDTERM 3
is narrower than the middle of the pyramid usually as a CHRISTIAN EXAM -
result of recent rapid decline in fertility? FELICIANO MARCH 2016
A. Constructive (TOP 2 - AUG
B. Stationary 2015 MED
C. Expansive BOARDS;
D. Inverted TOPNOTCH
E. Platypelloid MD FROM
UST)
67 It is the most sensitive index of assessing the health status Pls refer to your Prevmed Topnotch handouts JAN MIDTERM 3
in the community? CHRISTIAN EXAM -
A. General fertility rate FELICIANO MARCH 2016
B. Perinatal mortality rate (TOP 2 - AUG
C. Neonatal mortality rate 2015 MED
D. Child mortality rate BOARDS;
E. Infant mortality rate TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
68 This statistical rate reflects primarily environmental Pls refer to your Prevmed Topnotch handouts JAN MIDTERM 3
factors and is a senstive indicator of the socio-economic CHRISTIAN EXAM -
delopment of a community? FELICIANO MARCH 2016
A. General fertility rate (TOP 2 - AUG
B. Perinatal mortality rate 2015 MED
C. Neonatal mortality rate BOARDS;
D. Child mortality rate TOPNOTCH
E. Infant mortality rate MD FROM
UST)
69 Which among these factors will decrease the prevalence In-migration of healthy people will decrease the JAN MIDTERM 3
rate of a disease? prevalence rate of a disease. All the other choices CHRISTIAN EXAM -
A. Longer duration of disease will icnrease prevalence rate. FELICIANO MARCH 2016
B. Prolongation of px's lives without cure (TOP 2 - AUG
C. In-migration of healthy people 2015 MED
D. Improved diagnostic facilities BOARDS;
E. None of the above TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
70 You did a community survery to determine the year of Interval scales are ordered but wit hreal numerical JAN MIDTERM 3
birth of each of the sample population. The results fo the units; they can be subtracted from each other but CHRISTIAN EXAM -
survery will fall under what category of data? not divided bec there is no intrinsic zero scale. FELICIANO MARCH 2016
A. Nominal (TOP 2 - AUG
B. Ordinal 2015 MED
C. Interval BOARDS;
D. Ratio TOPNOTCH
E. Dichotomous MD FROM
UST)
71 This characteristic of data collection refers to the Precision also refers to the absence of random JAN MIDTERM 3
consistency and reproducibility of a test? variation in a test and is synonymous with CHRISTIAN EXAM -
A. Validity reliability FELICIANO MARCH 2016
B. Sensitivity (TOP 2 - AUG
C. Specifciity 2015 MED
D. Accuracy BOARDS;
E. Precision TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)

72 A study was done to determine the ability of new;y In a two way contigency table: TP= 21 FP=75 JAN MIDTERM 3
discovered cardiac enzyme, serum marker XY, to diagnose FN=35 TN=63 Sensitivity is TP/(TP+FN)= CHRISTIAN EXAM -
an acute myocardial infarction compared to the gold 37.5% and specificity is TN/(TN + FP)= 45.7% FELICIANO MARCH 2016
standard test of Troponins. 56 patients had positive Trop I (TOP 2 - AUG
in which 35 of those patients had a negative cardiac 2015 MED
enzyme XY test. On the other hand 138 patients had BOARDS;
negative Trop I in which 75 of those patients had a positive TOPNOTCH
cardiac enzyme XY test. What is the sensitivity and the MD FROM
specificity of the novel test, respectively? UST)
A. 48.5 and 55.7%
B. 25.5 and 56.8%
C. 56.8 and 25.5%
D. 37.5 and 45.7%
E. 45.7 and 37.5%
73 Pertaining to the previous question, what is the negative Positive predictive value is TP/(TP+FP)= 21.9% JAN MIDTERM 3
predictive value of the test? and negative predictive value is TN/(TN+FN)= CHRISTIAN EXAM -
A. 21.9% 64.3% FELICIANO MARCH 2016
B. 35.5% (TOP 2 - AUG
C. 45.5% 2015 MED
D. 54.5% BOARDS;
E. 64.3% TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
74 Pertaining to the previous question, what is the prevalence Prevalence rate is (TP + FN) / (TP+FP+FN+TN) = JAN MIDTERM 3
rate of the disease? 28.9% CHRISTIAN EXAM -
A. 28.9% FELICIANO MARCH 2016
B. 35.5% (TOP 2 - AUG
C. 26.5% 2015 MED
D. 33.8% BOARDS;
E. 30.0% TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
75 A sampling design wherein every kth element of the Pls refer to your Prevmed Topnotch handouts JAN MIDTERM 3
population is chosen ie: every 6th person of a sampel size CHRISTIAN EXAM -
of 60 is chosen is what kind of sampling method? FELICIANO MARCH 2016
A. Purposive sampling (TOP 2 - AUG
B. Simple random sampling 2015 MED
C. Systematic sampling BOARDS;
D. Cluster sampling TOPNOTCH
E. Multistage sampling MD FROM
UST)
76 A researcher plans to do a survey to determine the top 10 Mode is defeined as the value that occurs with the JAN MIDTERM 3
causes of morbidity in his community. What measure of greatest frequency in a set of observations. It is CHRISTIAN EXAM -
central tendency is best used? oftne used in public health statistics. FELICIANO MARCH 2016
A. Mean (TOP 2 - AUG
B. Mode 2015 MED
C. Median BOARDS;
D. Range TOPNOTCH
E. Standard deviation MD FROM
UST)
77 In any study where a sample is utilzied, the error or Type I or alpha error is rejectign the null JAN MIDTERM 3
finding an association in the sample when none truly exist hypotehsis when it is really true "You saw a CHRISTIAN EXAM -
in the population is called? difference when it does not exist" FELICIANO MARCH 2016
A. Type I error (TOP 2 - AUG
B. Type II error 2015 MED
C Type III error BOARDS;
D. Type IV error TOPNOTCH
E. Type V error MD FROM
UST)
78 The probability of commiting type I error in computing Pls refer to your Prevmed Topnotch handouts JAN MIDTERM 3
your sample size is called? CHRISTIAN EXAM -
A. power of the study FELICIANO MARCH 2016
B. effect size (TOP 2 - AUG
C. level of significance 2015 MED
D. standard deviation BOARDS;
E. variance TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
79 A researcher is ointerested in performing a study Case control studies provides opportunity to JAN MIDTERM 3
regardign Budd-Chiarri syndorme and factors that could investigate rare diseases (ex: Budd chiarri CHRISTIAN EXAM -
have led to this condition? What study method is best for syndorme occuring in 1 per 1 million population) FELICIANO MARCH 2016
this disease entitiy? as well as disease with long periods of latency (TOP 2 - AUG
A. Cross sectional 2015 MED
B. Prospective cohort BOARDS;
C. Retrospective cohort TOPNOTCH
D. Case control MD FROM
E. Case report UST)
80 An indigent patient came to the rural heatlh center Pls refer to your Prevmed Topnotch handouts JAN MIDTERM 3
complained of shooting pains in the flank radiating to the table on Herbal medications. CHRISTIAN EXAM -
groin assoc with hematuria during urination. He doesn ot FELICIANO MARCH 2016
have any money for medications. Being knowledgeable (TOP 2 - AUG
with the uses of herbal medications what could you give to 2015 MED
the patient? BOARDS;
A. Akapulko TOPNOTCH
B. Sambong MD FROM
C. Tsaang gubat UST)
D. Yerba buena
E. Ulasimang bato
81 1. ACT, a brilliant researcher, wants to determine if the M = mean ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
paleontologic diet would decrease serum cholesterol X = value TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
among his patients aged 40 - 50 years old and male n = population AUG 2015
without other co-morbid conditions. The following are the MED
results of his study: BOARDS;
Patient A: 210 ---------- 208 TOPNOTCH
Patient B: 189 ---------- 172 MD FROM
Patient C: 175 ---------- 170 CIM)
Patient D: 204 ---------- 180
Patient E: 224 ---------- 227
Patient F: 243 ---------- 238
What is the standard deviation?

a. 12.9
b. 22.17
c. 24.29
d. 13.8
e. none of the above
82 2. From the above scenario, what is the standard error? ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
a. 9.92 TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
b. 10.2 AUG 2015
c. 8.6 MED
d. 11.5 BOARDS;
e. none of the above TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
CIM)
83 3. APT, a novice researcher wants to know the statistical USMLE first aid ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
test she would use for her undergraduate study. She asks TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
you for help and tells you that she is trying to compare the AUG 2015
mean blood pressure between members of 3 different MED
Filipino ethnic groups of Mindanao. Which of the following BOARDS;
is the appropriate test? TOPNOTCH
a. chi square MD FROM
b. student t - test CIM)
c. paired t- test
d. ANOVA
e. Mann Whitney test
84 4. Which of the following is the first step in calculating for ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
F - ratio? TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
a. calculate the degrees of freedom AUG 2015
b. calculate the variance between samples and within MED
samples BOARDS;
c. calculate the sample means within groups TOPNOTCH
d. calculate the sum of squares between samples and MD FROM
within samples CIM)
e. divide the mean square between groups and mean
square within groups
85 5. Which of the following is the MOST common indoor American lung association ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
pollutant? TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
a. tobacco smoke AUG 2015
b. Radon MED
c. nitric oxide BOARDS;
d. dust TOPNOTCH
e. none of the above MD FROM
CIM)
86 6. HS, a 32 year old male with multiple sexual partners ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
both male and female, comes to you for pretest counselling TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
for HIV. After a series of discussions, HS finally submits AUG 2015
himself for testing. The next day, the results came back MED
positive and HS is asking for his result. Which of the BOARDS;
following is your most approriate first response? TOPNOTCH
a. "Im afraid I have some bad news for you." MD FROM
b. "Do you really want to know your results?" CIM)
c. "You are HIV positive."
d. "We need more tests."
87 7. In the PRECEDE - PROCEED planning model, which of Precede phases: 1. social diagnosis; 2. ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
the following is NOT part of the proceed phases? epidemiological, behavioral and environmental TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
a. implementation diagnosis; 3. educational and ecological diagnosis; AUG 2015
b. diagnosis 4. administrative and policy diagnosis MED
c. process evaluation proceed phases: 1. implementation; 2. process BOARDS;
d. impact evaluation evaluation; 3. impact evaluation; 4. outcome TOPNOTCH
e. outcome evaluation evaluation MD FROM
CIM)
88 8. BAT, a busy dermatologist, arrived an hour late at her How to manage difficult patient encounters ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
clinic in Alabang. The patient walked in her clinic angrily. (AAFP) - Sharon Hull and Karen Broquet TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
What should be the most appropriate response? AUG 2015
a. immediately apologize and move on with the MED
consultation BOARDS;
b. "You seem upset. What seems to be bothering you?" TOPNOTCH
c. apologize and explain why she was late (e.g. stuck in MD FROM
traffic) CIM)
d. "I can understand why you are upset, and I appreciate
your waiting for me."

89 9. AT, a gastroenterologist, was caring for a Muslim Kaplan USMLE REview ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
hypertensive patient from Dubai. During the course of TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
treatment, the patient was noncompliant with all his AUG 2015
medications. Which of the following is the most approriate MED
response of AT? BOARDS;
a. refer the patient to a Muslim doctor who would TOPNOTCH
understand their culture MD FROM
b. counsel and emphasize on the consequences of CIM)
noncompliance which would lead to mortality
c. counsel and emphasize on the good effects of compliance
with treatment
d. read about Muslim culture and ask for advise
90 10. A 65 year old female came in for complaints of breast The best approach to a patient in denial is first ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
mass for 2 years. On workup, patient had multiple liver determine whether denial is interfering with TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
nodes, 1cm temporal lobe mass with multiple bone medical care or significant relationships. If not, do AUG 2015
metastasis. During her visit, patient says, “I know I can not confront the denial. You should validate MED
survive this. I will do what I can to be with my patient’s hope and encourage to focus on short - BOARDS;
grandchildren.” Which of the following is the most term plans to maximize participation in areas that TOPNOTCH
appropriate response? give meaning to her life (grandchildren). MD FROM
a. There is no cure as your cancer has metastasized. CIM)
b. You should be preparing your grandchildren for your
death.
c. Let us hope for the best and focus on your remaining
time left.
d. I think you are in denial that your cancer has spread.
e. You are going through the normal stages of grief.
91 11. In the above situation, which of the following is a hospice model: focus on quality of life, symptom ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
requirement for referral to hospice care? control, interdisciplinary team, services provided TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
a. has a DNR order at home, assisted living facility; requires prognosis AUG 2015
b. has a diagnosis of Breast Cancer Stage IV of <= 6 months MED
c. has prognosis of 5 months to live BOARDS;
d. has good decision making ability TOPNOTCH
e. has ambulatory capacity MD FROM
CIM)
92 12. A 65 year old female came in for complaints of knee Best approach is to empathize with patient’s ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
pain. Her medical problems include hypertension, gouty frustrations and disappointment with past TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
arthritis, and dyslipidemia. She has seen several doctors treatment failures. AUG 2015
already for consult of her knee pain but doesn’t seem to go MED
away with medications and physical therapy. She says, “ BOARDS;
Pagod na pagod na ako. Walang nakakatulong sa akin. TOPNOTCH
Walang gamot din tumatalab sa sakit ng tuhod ko. Hindi na MD FROM
nga ako nakakapaglinis ng bahay at nakakapaglaba. Mas CIM)
mabuti magfile na ako ng PWD card.” Which of the
following is the most appropriate response?
a. better consult with a pain specialist
b. you may have untreated depression
c. I will assist you in filling up your PWD card
d. I understand your frustration. It is difficult to help when
you are convinced nothing will work
e. I understand that lack of improvement has been
frustrating
93 13. A 49 year old math teacher RC comes to you with don’t prescribe antibiotics becuase of potential ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
complains of sore throat, mild cough productive of scant risks such as antibiotic resistance. TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
yellow sputum, clear watery nasal discharges, and low AUG 2015
grade fever. PE reveals clear breath sounds and low grade MED
fever. RC insists that you prescribe him with antibiotics as BOARDS;
his previous doctor always gave antibiotics for these kinds TOPNOTCH
of ailments. What should you do? MD FROM
a. give him the antibiotics because its the patient’s wishes CIM)
b. give him a placebo as doctor patient relationship is
important
c. dont prescribe the antibiotics
d. refer the patient to another doctor
94 14. Doctor JMK sees Ms Bea Alonzo for complains of acne romantic and sexual relationships with current ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
vulgaris. Ms Bea asks JMK if he would go out for a candle patients are always unethical due to potential TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
light dinner with her. Dr JMK finds Bea very attractive and exploitation or interference with objective clinical AUG 2015
wants to date her also. Which of the following statements judgement MED
is true? BOARDS;
a. Dr JMK should accept the invitation for the dinner date TOPNOTCH
b. Dating a patient is unethical MD FROM
c. physician patient relationship must be terminated prior CIM)
to a date
d. it is inappropriate for a beautiful patient to ask for a date
95 15. Which of the following refers to consistency and A - refers to trueness of measurements (validity) ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
reproducibility of a test and the absence of random and the absence of systematic error or bias in a TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
variation in a test? test AUG 2015
a. accuracy USMLE first AID 2015 MED
b. validity BOARDS;
c. precision TOPNOTCH
d. all of the above MD FROM
e. none of the above CIM)

96 16. A normal statistical distribution is represented by a USMLE first AID 2015 ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
Gaussian curve or bell shaped curve where mean = mode = TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
median. In nonnormal statistical distributions, there is AUG 2015
asymmetry of the curve. Which of the following refers to a MED
bimodal distribution? BOARDS;
a. metabolic polymorphisms of fast and slow acetylators TOPNOTCH
b. age of onset of Hodgkin’s lymphoma MD FROM
c. suicide rate by age CIM)
d. all of the above
e. only B and C
97 17. “It is a mathematical fact that fifty percent of all doctors Blinding and use of placebo reduce influence of ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
graduate in the bottom half of their class.” Bias and study participants and researchers on procedures and TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
errors must be avoided to make the study valid and interpretation of outcomes as neither are aware of AUG 2015
reliable. WHat is the best strategy to reduce bias in the group allocation. Pygmalion effect refers to MED
Pygmalion effect or the self - fulfilling prophecy? researcher’s belief in the efficacy of a treatment BOARDS;
a. blinding changes the outcome of that treatment (observer - TOPNOTCH
b. standardized method of data collection expectancy bias). Blinding is also used for MD FROM
c. crossover studies procedure bias. B - measurement bias. C - CIM)
d. randomization confounding bias. D - selection bias. E - recall bias
e. decrease time from exposure to follow up USMLE first AID 2015
98 18. Which of the following are exceptions to informed A - withholding information when disclosure ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
consent? would severely harm the patient or undermine TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
a. therapeutic privilege informed decision making capacity. B - implied AUG 2015
b. emergency cases consent in an emergency. Other exceptions are MED
c. capacity patient lacks decision makinng capacity or is BOARDS;
d. both A and B legally incompetent and patient explicitly waives TOPNOTCH
e. both B and C the right of informed consent MD FROM
USMLE first AID 2015 CIM)
99 19. Lola Sepa is the administrator of an autosupply and there is decreased REM ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
lumber center in Pangasinan. She is loved by the people in USMLE first AID 2015 TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
the town however she comes to you for complaints of AUG 2015
difficulty in sleeping. Which of the following changes in the MED
elderly would be expected from Lola Sepa except? BOARDS;
a. increased in REM TOPNOTCH
b. decrease in slow wave sleep MD FROM
c. increased sleep onset latency CIM)
d. increased early awakenings
100 20. Understanding of the evaluation of diagnostic tests is ANDREW FINAL EXAM -
essential in the practice of ORK. Which of the following is TIU (TOP 1 - MARCH 2016
true? AUG 2015
a. negative predictive value varies directly with prevalence MED
or pretest probability BOARDS;
b. positive predictive value varies inversely with TOPNOTCH
prevalence or pretest probablity MD FROM
c. High sensitivity test is used for screening in diseases CIM)
with high prevalence
d. high specificity test is used for confirmation after a
positive screening test
101 This is an essential health service that is available, SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
accessible, affordable and community-based:
CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. Page 45 of Topnotch PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
A. Primary health care Handout. PHC is essential healthcare, made CALIMAG- 2015
B. Managed care universally accessible to individuals and families LOYOLA
C. Socialized health care in the community by means acceptable to them (TOP 8 - FEB
D. Health insurance based care through their full participation and of cost 2015 MED
E. Personal care affordable by the community and country. BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
102 The goal of DOH to improve the general health status of Page 2 of Topnotch Handout. Infant mortality rate ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
the population requires strategies that will:
is the most sensitive indicator/index of assessing PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
A. Decrease life expectancy the health status in the community. CALIMAG- 2015
B. Increase total fertility rate LOYOLA
C. Increase maternal mortality rate (TOP 8 - FEB
D. Decrease infant mortality rate 2015 MED
E. Increase growth rate BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
103 A duly licensed, DOH, and Philhealth accredited health SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
care provider devoted primarily to the maintenance and CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
operation of facilities for the promotion, prevention, CALIMAG- 2015
diagnosis, treatment, and care of individuals which under LOYOLA
the law should comply with the 20% discounted fees for (TOP 8 - FEB
identified services to senior citizens is termed: 2015 MED
A. Health care professional BOARDS;
B. Health care institution TOPNOTCH
C. Health maintenance organization MD FROM
D. Community based organization UST)
E. Primary health care provider

104 How will public health professionals help in promoting the SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
employment of people with disabilities as dictated in the CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
Philippine Disability Act?
CALIMAG- 2015
A. Talk with the employers and tell them to prioritise last LOYOLA
the psychosocial impact of disabilities on patients (TOP 8 - FEB
B. Refuse employment of a disabled on the basis of 2015 MED
absence of facilities for the disabled BOARDS;
C. Educate the employers on the work abilities of the TOPNOTCH
disabled MD FROM
D. Consider the idea that disabled individuals cannot UST)
work well
E. None of the above
105 An investigation in which assignment of patients to study ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
groups is by random allocation : PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
A. Cohort study CALIMAG- 2015
B. Experimental study LOYOLA
C. Case-control study (TOP 8 - FEB
D. Cross-sectional study 2015 MED
E. All of the above BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
106 Which of the following non-verbal form of communication SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
shows sincerity:
A. Handshake Handout. Eye contact indicates sincerity. CALIMAG- 2015
B. Eye contact LOYOLA
C. Nodding (TOP 8 - FEB
D. Social distance 2015 MED
E. None of the above BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
107 Aling Maria a 55 y/o laundry woman complains of knee Page 49 of Topnotch Handout. Yerba buena ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
pain. Which of the following herbal plants would you (Mentha cordifolia) is used for gaseous distention PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
advise her to use?
and rheumatism. CALIMAG- 2015
A. Sambong LOYOLA
B. Akapulko (TOP 8 - FEB
C. Ampalaya 2015 MED
D. Niyog-niyogan BOARDS;
E. Yerba buena TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
108 A family meeting should be done in the following situation:
SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
A. 4 y/o boy with acute nasopharyngitis CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. A family meeting is done PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
B. 20 y/o female on her 2nd pregnancy when a family is expected to experience a new CALIMAG- 2015
C. 12 y/o male with acne vulgaris debilitating illness or circumstance that will alter LOYOLA
D. 65 y/o female who suffered a stroke the whole family structure and interaction. (TOP 8 - FEB
E. 30 y/o male for annual physical exam 2015 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
109 The prevalence rate can affect the:
Page 4 of pearls. Predictive values are dependent ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
A. Positive predictive value on the prevalence of a disease.The higher the PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
B. Negative predictive value prevalence of a disease, the higher the positive CALIMAG- 2015
C. Sensitivity predictive value. LOYOLA
D. Specificity (TOP 8 - FEB
E. Only A and B 2015 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
110 A screening test should have a high:
Page 3 of pearls. A high sensitivity is desirable for ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
A. Positive predictive value a screening test to rule out. SNOUT= sensitivity PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
B. Negative predictive value rules out. A high specificity is desirable for a CALIMAG- 2015
C. Sensitivity confirmatory test to rule in. LOYOLA
D. Specificity (TOP 8 - FEB
E. Only A and B 2015 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
111 A study was done to determine the doctor's ability to Page 3 of pearls. Sensitivity is the number of true ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
diagnose streptococcal throat infection in 149 patients positives divided by the number of all people with PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
coming to the clinic. Doctor's clinical impressions were disease. Number of true positives is 27. True CALIMAG- 2015
compared to results of throat cultures for Group A negative is 77. positive but not diagnosed as LOYOLA
Streptococcus. 37 patients had positive throat cultures, 27 having strep throat=10, iagnosed with disease but (TOP 8 - FEB
were diagnosed by doctors as having strep throat. 112 negative culture is 35. Hence, 2015 MED
patients had negative cultures, and doctors diagnosed 35 SN=27/62=0.435x100= 43.5 or 44% BOARDS;
of these as having strep throat. What is the sensitivity of TOPNOTCH
the doctor's clinical impression in this study? MD FROM
A. 44% UST)
B. 89%
C. 73%
D. 69%
E. 42%

112 What is the PPV in the above case:
Page 3 of pearls. Positive predictive value= ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
A. 44% number of true positives divided by the number of PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
B. 89% people who tested positive for the disease. The CALIMAG- 2015
C. 73% probability of having a condition given a positive LOYOLA
D. 69% test. PPV=27/37= 73% (TOP 8 - FEB
E. 42% 2015 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
113 Which one of the following choices is more useful to a Page 3 of pearls. Specificity rules in. ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
physician in ruling in the disease if the diagnostic test PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
result turns out positive?
CALIMAG- 2015
A. Positive predictive value LOYOLA
B. Negative predictive value (TOP 8 - FEB
C. Sensitivity 2015 MED
D. Specificity BOARDS;
E. Only A and B TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
114 Which of the following is false:
Page 17 of Topnotch Handout. All are true. ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
A. A relative risk reduction of <25% is considered not PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
clinically significant CALIMAG- 2015
B. The 95% confidence interval is another approach of LOYOLA
determining whether a not statistically significant result in (TOP 8 - FEB
a study is clinically significant 2015 MED
C. The determination of risk reduction rate is a quick and BOARDS;
useful measure in deciding whether a statisically TOPNOTCH
significant study is clinically significant MD FROM
D. None, all are true UST)
E. All of the above
115 A child was playing with his pet dog. When his mother SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
came home she saw that the child sustained abrasions on CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE This is a category II PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
the legs and a small gaping wound. What immunization exposure only. Vaccine is the management. CALIMAG- 2015
would you give the child: LOYOLA
A. None, Just wash it with soap and water (TOP 8 - FEB
B. Give Rabies vaccine only 2015 MED
C. Give Rabies vaccine and Ig BOARDS;
D. Give Ig only TOPNOTCH
E. None, Just apply garlic on the wound MD FROM
UST)
116 A 65 y/o male, smoker is hypertensive with a fasting Page 27 of Topnotch Handout. ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
blood sugar of 220 mg/dl and has a family history of colon PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
cancer. Which of the following recommendations are CALIMAG- 2015
correct: LOYOLA
A. Colonoscopy every 2 years (TOP 8 - FEB
B. ECG annually 2015 MED
C. Ultrasonography for abdominal aortic aneurysm every BOARDS;
3 years TOPNOTCH
D. Total cholesterol and HDL levels initially and monitor MD FROM
accordingly UST)
E. DRE twice a year
117 Which of the following diseases employ passive SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
immunization as a major means of prevention : CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. HAV infection can be PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
A. Influenza prevented by administration of immune serum CALIMAG- 2015
B. Rubella globulin. LOYOLA
C. Rubeola (TOP 8 - FEB
D. Hepatitis A 2015 MED
E. Mumps BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
118 Which of the following is an effect of Zinc deficiency:
Page 9 of pearls. A-calcium, B-Sodium, C-Vitamin ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
A. Osteoporosis, poor mineralization of bones and teeth C, D-Flourine. PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
B. Nausea, diarrhea, muscle cramps, dehydration CALIMAG- 2015
C. Scorbutic rosary, poor wound healing LOYOLA
D. Tendency to dental caries (TOP 8 - FEB
E. Dwarfism, Hepatosplenomegaly, poor wound healing 2015 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
119 How many decibels is permissible for an 8 hour work day:
Page 35 of Topnotch Handout. In an 8 hour work ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
A. 85-90 day the permissible decibels is 85-90. PAULINE P. EXAM - AUG
B. 90-95 CALIMAG- 2015
C. 95-100 LOYOLA
D. 100-105 (TOP 8 - FEB
E. 105-110 2015 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)

120 This refers to the ability of an agent to produce serious SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELA DIAGNOSTIC
illness and is measured in terms of fatality:
A. Antigenicity Handout. Virulence is the ability of an agent to CALIMAG- 2015
B. Virulence produce serious illness and is measured in terms LOYOLA
C. Pathogenicity of fatality. (TOP 8 - FEB
D. Invasiveness 2015 MED
E. Infectivity BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
UST)
121 The following are live attenuated vaccine except: Rabies vaccine is an inactivated/killed vaccine. LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
A. Rabies vaccine Other inactivated/killed vaccines include Polio FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
B. BCG (Salk), Influenza, Typhoid, cholera, and Pertussis VILLAMATE 2015
C. Varicella Vaccine vaccine. Live attenuated vaccines: BCG, OPV, R, MD (TOP 5
D. Measles Vaccine Measles, Rotavirus, Yellow fever, Varicella. - FEB 2015
E. OPV Source: CDC. SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD MED
EXAM CONCEPT (3-4 questions regarding BOARDS;
vaccine/type of vaccine) TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
122 A 5 month-old infant brought to the barangay health clinic Measles vaccine should be given at 9 months LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
had no previous immunization. The following vaccines FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
should be given except: VILLAMATE 2015
A. Measles R, MD (TOP 5
B. DPT - FEB 2015
C. BCG MED
D. Hepatitis B vaccine BOARDS;
E. No exception TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
123 The most practical way of eradicating rabies in the LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
community is: FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
A. Impounding all stray dogs VILLAMATE 2015
B. Vaccination of all children with rabies vaccine R, MD (TOP 5
C. Mass vaccination of all dogs against rabies - FEB 2015
D. Keeping the community clean and free of garbage MED
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
124 What is the antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity? SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM CONCEPT LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
A. EDTA FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
B. Flumazenil VILLAMATE 2015
C. Naloxone R, MD (TOP 5
D. Atropine - FEB 2015
E. Pralidoxime MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
125 In a study of how different doses of a drug affect the Independent variable that is varied or LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
severity of symptoms, a researcher could compare the manipulated by the researcher, and the dependent FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
frequency and intensity of symptoms when different doses variable is the response that is measured. VILLAMATE 2015
are administered. The dose of the drug is the R, MD (TOP 5
A. Dependent variable - FEB 2015
B. Independent variable MED
C. Confounding variable BOARDS;
D. Extraneoous variable TOPNOTCH
E. None of the above MD FROM
EAC)
126 This study is well-suited in studying rare disorders: Case-control studies are well sud to studying rare LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
A. Prospective cohort disoders with multiple potential causes. They are FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
B. Retrospective cohort also less expensive than prospective studies. VILLAMATE 2015
C. Cross-sectional Verbatim from handout: Case report; to address all R, MD (TOP 5
D. Case Report clinical question or issue commonly used to - FEB 2015
E. Case-control report unusual or unexpected events. Case MED
control: provide opportuinity to investigate RARE BOARDS;
diseases as well as those with long period of TOPNOTCH
latency MD FROM
EAC)
127 Dr. X has developed a new diagnostic test for dengue. He Sensitivity = true positives divided by number all LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
performs the test on 100 patients known to have Disease Y people with disease; (90/90+10) x 100 = 90% FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
and 100 patients known not to have Disease Y with the PPV = number of positives divided by number of VILLAMATE 2015
following results.
peope who tested positive for the disease; R, MD (TOP 5
(+) test (-) test 90/90+11 = 89% I purposely interchange the - FEB 2015
Disease Y 90 arrangement of the columns (+) test and (-) test MED
10 and rows -- presence and absenceof Disease Y,.. BOARDS;
No Disease Y 11 (Kaya siguro naconfuse kayo) But based on the TOPNOTCH
89 formula of sensitivity = true positives divided by MD FROM

the number of all people with disease, that is EAC)
What is the sensitivity and positive predictable value of the 90/(90+10)= 90/100= 90%. Sensitivity is 90%
new diagnostic test?
PPV = true positives divided by the number of
A. 90% ; 89% people tested positive for the disease, that is,
B. 89% ; 90% 90/(90+11) = 90/111 =89%
C. 89%; 89%
D. 50%; 89%
E. 11% ; 52%

128 People who drink coffee tend to smoke more, and for this SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM CONCEPT LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
reason coffee drinkers have a higher risk of lung cancer. FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
This is an example of: VILLAMATE 2015
A. Effect modification R, MD (TOP 5
B. Selection bias - FEB 2015
C. Confounding MED
D. Non-differential misclassification BOARDS;
E. Lead-time bias TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
129 Which of the following ways and means is not utilized by LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
the Primary Health Care program in the achievement of FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
their goals? VILLAMATE 2015
A. Medical information in promoting health R, MD (TOP 5
B. Prevention of disease and health promotion - FEB 2015
C. Intersectoral cooperation and participation MED
D. Basic health infrastructure and facilities within the BOARDS;
reach of every Filipino TOPNOTCH
E. No exception MD FROM
EAC)
130 Community planning should start with LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
A. Formation of objectives FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
B. Determination of resources VILLAMATE 2015
C. Educational analysis R, MD (TOP 5
D. Identification of roles and their relationship - FEB 2015
E. Working with people MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
131 The initial step in planning for the provision of health and LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
medical services for a community is to: FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
A. Set the objectives VILLAMATE 2015
B. Define the health problems R, MD (TOP 5
C. Decide on what services to provide - FEB 2015
D. Establish the system of delivery MED
E. Determine the projected budget BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
132 Which of the following is not a characteristic of a LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
community-based health program? FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
A. Community organizing is used as a means of changing VILLAMATE 2015
people's attitudes thus leading to their full cooperation R, MD (TOP 5
B. People become partners in health care - FEB 2015
C. Active participation of the community in decision MED
making BOARDS;
D. It is democratic in nature. TOPNOTCH
E. No exception. MD FROM
EAC)
133 The Republic Act 7875 is also known as the National SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM CONCEPT LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
Health Insurance Act of 1995. This program covers health FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
insurance for: VILLAMATE 2015
A. All government employees only R, MD (TOP 5
B. All public and private employees - FEB 2015
C. Unemployed citizens MED
D. Indigent patients BOARDS;
E. All Filipino citizens TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
134 A report of a clinical trial of a new drug versus a placebo LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
noted that the new drug has a higher proportion of success FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
than did the placebo. The report ended with statement: chi VILLAMATE 2015
square=4.2. p=0.5. In light of this information, we may R, MD (TOP 5
conclude: - FEB 2015
A. If the drug were ineffective, the probability of the MED
reported finding is less than 0 BOARDS;
B. If the drug were effective, the probability of the TOPNOTCH
reported finding is less than 1 MD FROM
C. Fewer than one in 20 will fail to benefit from the drug EAC)
D. Chance that an individual patient will fail to benefit is
less than 0.05.
135 The method of sampling where every nth unit (such as LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
every fifth or 10th member) is selected from a population FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
which is arranged in some definite way is called: VILLAMATE 2015
A. Simple random sampling R, MD (TOP 5
B. Cluster sampling - FEB 2015
C. Purposive sampling MED
D. Multi-stage sampling BOARDS;
E. Systematic sampling TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)

136 Chemotherapeutic agents are applied to the eyes of the LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
newborn to prevent: FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
A. Juvenile cataract VILLAMATE 2015
B. Gonorrhea R, MD (TOP 5
C. Syphilis - FEB 2015
D. Trachoma MED
E. Tetanus BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
137 Tetanus toxoid immunization is effective in protection Source: CDC. SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
against infection. After adequate primary immunization, EXAM CONCEPT FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
booster doses should be given every: VILLAMATE 2015
A. 3 years R, MD (TOP 5
B. 15 years - FEB 2015
C. 10 years MED
D. 5 years BOARDS;
E. 2 years TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
138 Which of the following substances is usually associated LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
with pneumoconiosis? FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
A. Oil fumes VILLAMATE 2015
B. Dust particles R, MD (TOP 5
C. Cigarette smoke - FEB 2015
D. Sulfur oxide MED
E. Heavy metals BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
139 The ability of microorganism causing a common cold in a Infectivity or contagiousness refers to ability of a LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
5-year old child to invade and multiply in approximately 6 microbe to spread in a population of exposed FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
out of 10 household contact is: susceptible person. VILLAMATE 2015
A. Pathogenicity R, MD (TOP 5
B. Virulence - FEB 2015
C. Antigenicity MED
D. Incubation BOARDS;
E. Infectivity TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
140 The first step in epidemic investigation is: Steps in epidemic investigation: 1. Preliminary LYNN DARYL MIDTERM 1
A. Formulation of hypothesis investigation, 2. Orient the epidemic as to time, FELICIANO EXAM - AUG
B. Orientation as to time, person, and place person and place (Case finding,institution of VILLAMATE 2015
C. Testing of hypothesis investigation forms, analysis of lab specimen, R, MD (TOP 5
D. Preliminary investigation formation of spot map, epidemic curve, host - FEB 2015
E. Case finding characteristics, envt factors, attack rate); 3. MED
Formulation of hypothesis; 4. Testing hypothesis; BOARDS;
5. Conclusion and recommendation. TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
EAC)
141 What is a confounding variable? Confounding variables are variables that wrongly EDWARD MIDTERM 2
A. Occurs when the methods of measurement are associate the effects of an independent variable to HARRY EXAM - AUG
dissimilar among groups of patients the outcome (dependent variable). VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Occurs when 2 factors are associated and the effect of MD (TOP 8 -
one is confused with or distorted by the other FEB 2015
C. Comparisons are made between groups of patients that MED
differ in determinants of outcome other than the one BOARDS;
under the study TOPNOTCH
D. The clinician knows that a patient possesses a MD FROM
prognostic factor of presumed importance may carry out PERPETUAL
more frequent or more detailed searches for relevant BINAN)
prognostic outcomes
142 What is an experimental study? EDWARD MIDTERM 2
A. A brief report of a characteristic or outcome of a single HARRY EXAM - AUG
clinical subject or event VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Examines the relationship between a disease and a MD (TOP 8 -
variable of interest FEB 2015
C. Describes the natural history of a disease MED
D. Provide the best evidence for testing any hypothesis or BOARDS;
investigate a cause and effect relationship TOPNOTCH
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
143 A patient was brought to your clinic due to a dog bite, you Washing the bite site with soap and water for 10 EDWARD MIDTERM 2
educate the family that the first thing to do after a dog bite minutes is the first step then promptly bringing HARRY EXAM - AUG
is: the patient to a doctor to assess for any VALLAJERA, 2015
A. Wash with soap and water for 10 minutes complications MD (TOP 8 -
B. Apply alcohol to the bite site FEB 2015
C. Apply garlic or toothpaste to the bite area MED
D. Induce the wound to bleed BOARDS;
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)

144 You will complete the 28-30 day regimen of rabies When the animal shows signs and symptoms of EDWARD MIDTERM 2
treatment only when: rabies, died or lost, it is recommended to complete HARRY EXAM - AUG
A. The biting animal showed signs and symptoms of rabies the 28-30 day regimen. VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Has died but on autopsy was IFAT (-) MD (TOP 8 -
C. The animal was lost FEB 2015
D. The animal died MED
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
145 You are on duty at the ER when a child came in due to Prescribe antibiotics for protection against EDWARD MIDTERM 2
being hit by a fallen roof of their house, the wound on his infection. You may opt to give no tetanus HARRY EXAM - AUG
head was a lacerated wound with some debris on it, you vaccination as the protection by the toxoid is still VALLAJERA, 2015
asked his tetanus immunization and said that the child effective in this patient. You may give a booster MD (TOP 8 -
received 3 doses of tetanus vaccine, the last was 3 years dose of toxoid if the last vaccine was more than 5 FEB 2015
ago, what would you give? years from the onset of the injury. MED
A. Toxoid only BOARDS;
B. Antitoxin and toxoid TOPNOTCH
C. Antitoxin only MD FROM
D. Give nothing PERPETUAL
E. Prescribe antibiotics BINAN)
146 You are implementing a health teaching program in a Evaluation is used to check how well your EDWARD MIDTERM 2
community, you want to check the level of understanding participants understood the concepts that you HARRY EXAM - AUG
of the community of your health teachings, in what phase wanted to impart to them. VALLAJERA, 2015
would you do this? MD (TOP 8 -
A. Planning FEB 2015
B. Organizing MED
C. Implementation BOARDS;
D. Evaluation TOPNOTCH
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
147 Among the following interventions for malnutrition, which This measure is the least helpful as it will do EDWARD MIDTERM 2
of the following is least effective in changing the behavior nothing about the situation of malnutrition, the HARRY EXAM - AUG
of the community? rest of the options are helpful in combatting VALLAJERA, 2015
A. Teaching them how to utilize their local resources malnutrition MD (TOP 8 -
B. Teaching them about the possible diseases of Vitamin FEB 2015
and mineral deficiency MED
C. Teaching effective and economical cooking practices BOARDS;
D. Teaching them how to plan their meals TOPNOTCH
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
148 A patient with diabetes mellitus had a below the knee The patient is at the disease outcome stage as she EDWARD MIDTERM 2
amputation, at what stage of the illness is she? has already the outcome of the complication of her HARRY EXAM - AUG
A. Pre-clinical disease which was vasculopathy leading to limb VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Susceptibility ischemia and subsequent amputation. MD (TOP 8 -
C. Disease outcome FEB 2015
D. Clinical MED
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
149 A 3 year old child was living with her grandmother being The patient is already exposed to the causative EDWARD MIDTERM 2
treated for tuberculosis for 6 months, at what stage is the agent but still has not developed any signs of the HARRY EXAM - AUG
child? disease detectable clinically, thus this child is at VALLAJERA, 2015
A. Pre-clinical the pre-clinical stage. MD (TOP 8 -
B. Susceptibility FEB 2015
C. Disease outcome MED
D. Clinical BOARDS;
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
150 A family has a family member dying of cancer, at what level The patient is at the tertiary level as he/she has EDWARD MIDTERM 2
of prevention is the patient in? already the complications of the disease and the HARRY EXAM - AUG
A. Primary goal of medical management is giving the patient a VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Secondary good quality of life. MD (TOP 8 -
C. Tertiary FEB 2015
D. Quaternary MED
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
151 In an evacuation center in Tacloban, 5350 children were 2500 total of who got sick/5350 registered EDWARD MIDTERM 2
registered, over a 2 month period, 2500 of them got sick, children = 0.467289 x 1000 = 467.289 or 467 per HARRY EXAM - AUG
the top 3 causes of morbidity are as follows: 1. AGE - 550, 1000 pop. VALLAJERA, 2015
2. pneumonia - 250, 3. measles - 150, the top 3 causes of MD (TOP 8 -
mortality are as follows: 1. pneumonia - 10, 2. measles - 9, FEB 2015
3. AGE - 7. What is the morbidity rate? MED
A. 488 per 1000 population BOARDS;
B. 467 per 1000 population TOPNOTCH
C. 590 per 1000 population MD FROM
D. 650 per 1000 population PERPETUAL
E. 780 per 1000 population BINAN)
152 Same case as #231, what is the incidence of 550/5350 = 0.1028 x 100 = 10.28 or 10 EDWARD MIDTERM 2
gastroenteritis? HARRY EXAM - AUG
A. 10 per 100 population VALLAJERA, 2015
B. 11 per 100 population MD (TOP 8 -
C. 12 per 100 population FEB 2015
D. 13 per 100 population MED
E. 14 per 100 population BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
153 Same case as #231. What is the cause specific mortality 10/5350 = 0.001869 x 1000 = 1.869 or 2 EDWARD MIDTERM 2
rate for pneumonia? HARRY EXAM - AUG
A. 2 per 1000 population VALLAJERA, 2015
B. 3 per 1000 population MD (TOP 8 -
C. 5 per 1000 population FEB 2015
D. 7 per 1000 population MED
E. 10 per 1000 population BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
154 If a drug that extends the life of a patient but it doesn’t cure Because the drug neither cures nor prevents the EDWARD MIDTERM 2
or prevent the disease, what happens to the indices disease, the prevalence would go up as the drug HARRY EXAM - AUG
A. Incidence increases prolongs the life of those with a particular disease VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Incidence decreases MD (TOP 8 -
C. Prevalence increases FEB 2015
D. Prevalence decreases MED
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
155 Mycobacterium bovis is a weakened, non-pathogenic form EDWARD MIDTERM 2
of the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. Upon injection, HARRY EXAM - AUG
macrophages engulf and destroy them and use the VALLAJERA, 2015
resulting debris to prime the acquired immune system. MD (TOP 8 -
The macrophages would display the pieces of digested FEB 2015
bacteria on their: MED
A. MHC I proteins BOARDS;
B. MHC II proteins TOPNOTCH
C. MHC III proteins MD FROM
D. Antigen receptors PERPETUAL
E. Cell membrane BINAN)
156 The primary function of the spleen is The function of the spleen is to remove old RBC EDWARD MIDTERM 2
A. Filtering of damaged and old erythrocytes from the from the blood stream and store platelets and/or HARRY EXAM - AUG
bloodstream granulocytes VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Storage of platelets and granulocytes MD (TOP 8 -
C. Blood pressure and volume regulation FEB 2015
D. A and B MED
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
157 Diseases like cholera, typhoid fever and bacillary Water washed diseases are diseases caused by EDWARD MIDTERM 2
dysentery are examples of lack of water (e.g. Scabies, lice), water based HARRY EXAM - AUG
A. Water washed diseases diseases are diseases where the offending agent VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Water based diseases uses water as a medium of infecting man (e.g. MD (TOP 8 -
C. Water borne diseases schistosomiasis, threadworm), water borne FEB 2015
D. Water related vector diseases diseases are diseases transmitted by water (e.g. MED
E. None of the above cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery), water related BOARDS;
vector diseases are diseases in which the vectors TOPNOTCH
have a part of their life cycle in water (e.g. MD FROM
Mosquito borne diseases like malaria, Dengue, PERPETUAL
Yellow fever, Filariasis) BINAN)
158 It is a herbal plant used in lowering serum uric acid levels Common name is ulasimang bato EDWARD MIDTERM 2
A. Allium sativum HARRY EXAM - AUG
B. Cassia alata VALLAJERA, 2015
C. Mentha cordifelia MD (TOP 8 -
D. Blumea balsamifera FEB 2015
E. Peperonia pellucida MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
159 Which of the following is involved in natural passive Choice A and C are artificial passive immunity, B EDWARD MIDTERM 2
immunity and E are acquired immunity HARRY EXAM - AUG
A. Injection of human antibodies into an individual VALLAJERA, 2015
B. Vaccination MD (TOP 8 -
C. Injection of horse antibodies into an individual FEB 2015
D. Excretion of antibodies into breast milk MED
E. Producing memory cells in response to infection with a BOARDS;
live virus TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
160 What is the denominator for the incidence rate? EDWARD MIDTERM 2
A. Person-years of observation HARRY EXAM - AUG
B. Midyear population VALLAJERA, 2015
C. Total population at that time MD (TOP 8 -
D. Total population at an interval in time FEB 2015
E. None of the above MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
PERPETUAL
BINAN)
161 IO came in at your clinic due fever. He told you that he was incubation period is the time interval between HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
exposed to his sneezing officemate and the symptoms entry of an infectious agent into a host and the S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
started as a colds. The time interval between his exposure onset of symptoms MD (TOP 10 2015
and the onset of colds is - FEB 2015
A. Communicable period MED
B. Incubation period BOARDS;
C. preinfectious period TOPNOTCH
D. contagious period MD FROM
E. decubation period FEU)
162 A vaccine was able to induce production of specific SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
antibodies as protection for a certain disease. This CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
property is called: MD (TOP 10 2015
A. immunogenicity - FEB 2015
B. pathogenicity MED
C. virulence BOARDS;
D. contagiousness TOPNOTCH
E. Efficience MD FROM
FEU)
163 The capacity of a microbe to cause a symptomatic illness in SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
an infected host is ______. CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
A. immunogenicity MD (TOP 10 2015
B. virulence - FEB 2015
C. pathogenicity MED
D. contagiousness BOARDS;
E. Infective ability TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FEU)
164 This is usually measured by the number of severe or fatal SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
cases over the number total number of people who had the CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
disease. MD (TOP 10 2015
A. immunogenicity - FEB 2015
B. Pathogenicity MED
C. Congiousness BOARDS;
D. Fatality factor TOPNOTCH
E. Virulence MD FROM
FEU)
165 It describes the ability of the microbe to spread in a SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
population of exposed susceptible persons CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
A. immunogenicity MD (TOP 10 2015
B. pathogenicity - FEB 2015
C. virulence MED
D. contagiousness BOARDS;
MD FROM
FEU)
166 Which of the following herbal medicinal plants has an akapulko is usually for fungal infections and HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
anithelmintic property? scabies. Ampalaya is for diabetes. Tsaang gubat is S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
A. Akapulko for abdominal pain. Bayabas has many uses like in MD (TOP 10 2015
B. Ampalaya dizziness, infections and inflammatory conditions. - FEB 2015
C. Tsaang gubat MED
D. bayabas BOARDS;
MD FROM
FEU)
167 In a barrio where you are practicing, a teenager consulted the patient is suffering from a cutaneuos fungal HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
your for enlarging slightly raised hypopigmented lesions infection so you can give akapulko because it has S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
on his back associated with itching. Since you are in a far an antifungal property. MD (TOP 10 2015
barrio and your patient cannot afford to go town and buy - FEB 2015
an ointment, which of the following can you give as a MED
treatment aside from educating him for proper hygiene? BOARDS;
A. ampalaya TOPNOTCH
B. bawang MD FROM
C. akapulko FEU)
D. yerba buena
E. lagundi
168 The National Health Insurance Act of 1995 or the Act RA 7432 is the senior citizen act of 1992. RA 7305 HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
instituting a national health insurance program for all is the Magna Carta of Public Health Workers. RA S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
Filipinos and establishing the Philipping Health Insurance 6675 is the generics act of 1988. RA 9257 is the MD (TOP 10 2015
Corporation for the pupose was approved by Pres Fidel expanded senior citizens act of 2003. - FEB 2015
Ramos last February 14, 1995. This Act is also known as: MED
A. RA 7432 BOARDS;
B. RA 7305 TOPNOTCH
C. RA 7875 MD FROM
D. RA 6675 FEU)
E. RA 9257

169 Which among the following causes of death is written on HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
the Death Certificate and the one counted in mortality S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
rate? MD (TOP 10 2015
A. Underlying - FEB 2015
B. Antecedent MED
C. Immediate BOARDS;
D. Incidental TOPNOTCH
FEU)
170 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin or BCG is prepared using they use M bovis that is usually cultured in HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
____________ bacteria that have lost their virulence in human. Middlebrook 7H9. SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
A. M. tuberculosis EXAM CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE MD (TOP 10 2015
B. M. bovis - FEB 2015
C. M. avium MED
D. M. gordonae BOARDS;
E. M. leprae TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FEU)
171 which of the following vaccines have both live and killed Salk and Sabin. Salk is the killed preparation while HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
preparations? Sabin is live preparation. SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
A. rabies BOARD EXAM CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE MD (TOP 10 2015
B. tetanus - FEB 2015
C. measles MED
D. polio BOARDS;
E. Varicella TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FEU)
172 A painter came in to your clinic for consult. His symptoms SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
were consistent of Plumbism or lead poisoning. Which of CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
the following can you give as treatment. MD (TOP 10 2015
A. dimercaprol - FEB 2015
B. NAC MED
C. penicillamine BOARDS;
D. Calcium gluconate TOPNOTCH
E. EDTA MD FROM
FEU)
173 This measure is the number of true positives divided by sensitivity is labeling positive those who really HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
number of people who tested positive for the disease. This have the disease. Specificity is labeling negative S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
is usually interpreted as the probability of having a those who do not have the disease. NPV is the MD (TOP 10 2015
condition given a positive test. probability of not having the condition given a - FEB 2015
A. sensitivity negative test. MED
B. specificity BOARDS;
C. positive predictive value TOPNOTCH
D. negative predictive value MD FROM
E. reliability FEU)
174 Dr LFD, was tasked to do a probability sampling. He listed systematic sampling design is choosing every kth HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
all the names of the members of the population and element of the population S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
arranged it alphabetically. He then picked every 6th name MD (TOP 10 2015
on the list and made them the sample of the study. The - FEB 2015
sampling design is called: MED
A. Simple random sampling BOARDS;
B. systematic sampling TOPNOTCH
C. cluster sampling MD FROM
D. multistage sampling FEU)
E. none of the above
175 In a normal distribution of 100 samples, how many of the 68% fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean… HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
samples fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean? 95% fall within 2 SD of the mean…. 99.7% of S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
A. 43% observation fall within 3 SD MD (TOP 10 2015
B. 55% - FEB 2015
C. 68% MED
D. 95% BOARDS;
E. 99.7% TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FEU)
176 A resident has a research comparing the samples who chi square is used for testing the relationship HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
receive and did not receive a rotavirus vaccine as to the between two qualitative data.if you use 1-100 to S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
severity of their diarrhea. Which statistical test will be describe the severity, the values will be in ordinal. MD (TOP 10 2015
most appropriate for him use? T test can only be used if your values are either - FEB 2015
A. Chi square interval or ratio MED
B. T test BOARDS;
C. Z test TOPNOTCH
D. ANOVA MD FROM
E. regression analysis FEU)
177 Leo and Antonio consulted you for dog bite. They were abrasions and scratches with no spontaneous HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
bitten by their pet dog who just given birth to 3 puppies. bleeding and including those induced are S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
According to them, their dog is yearly vaccinated with classified as category II except if it is located on MD (TOP 10 2015
rabies vaccination. Leo suffered from a tiny abrassion on the head or neck which is categorized as III. - FEB 2015
his left arm but did not bleed spontaneously so he just MED
induced bleeding by pressing it. On the other hand, BOARDS;
Antonio suffered from minor scratches at the back of his TOPNOTCH
neck but no spontaneous bleeding and induction of MD FROM
bleeding was not done. Leo's rabies exposure falls under FEU)
what category?
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
E. V
178 As for post exposure prophylaxis for rabies, which of the no need for passive vacccine for category II HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
following should be given to Leo in addition to wound S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
cleaning? MD (TOP 10 2015
A. None. Wound cleaning is the only necessary measure - FEB 2015
B. Active vacccine MED
C. Passive vaccine IM route BOARDS;
D. Active and passive vaccines TOPNOTCH
E. passive vaccine on the wound MD FROM
FEU)
179 Antonio's rabies exposure falls under what category? abrasions and scratches with no spontaneous HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
A. I bleeding and including those induced are S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
B. II classified as category II except if it is located on MD (TOP 10 2015
C. III the head or neck which is categorized as III. - FEB 2015
D. IV MED
E. V BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FEU)
180 As for post exposure prophylaxis for rabies, which of the active and passive vaccines are given for category HAROLD JAY MIDTERM 3
following should be given to Antonio in addition to wound III. The passive vaccine is given as wound S. BAYTEC, EXAM - AUG
cleaning? infiltration and if there are still few left after in the MD (TOP 10 2015
A. None. Wound cleaning is the only necessary measure computed amount of passive vaccine after - FEB 2015
B. Active vacccine completed wound infiltration, the remaining must MED
C. Passive vaccine IM route be given through deep IM. BOARDS;
D. Active and passive vaccine TOPNOTCH
E. passive vaccine on the wound MD FROM
FEU)
181 In a study of the cause of lung cancer, patients who had the pretest #29 7th ed JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
disease were matched with controls by age, sex, place of M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
residence and social class. The frequency of cigarette MD (TOP 10
smoking was then compared in the two groups. What type - FEB 2015
of study was this? MED
A. Cohort (prospective) BOARDS;
B. Historical cohort TOPNOTCH
C. Clinical trial MD FROM
D. Case control FATIMA)
182 As an epidemiological investigation officer for CDC, you are pretest 7th ed JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
contacted by a local health department. They inform you M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
that a large number of people have acquired mild MD (TOP 10
symptoms of influenza despite being vaccinated for the - FEB 2015
appropriate strain being cultured. You find that the MED
cultured strain is the same as that incorporated into the BOARDS;
trivalent vaccine administered throughout the world. You TOPNOTCH
also note that the strain had a high case fatality rate in MD FROM
previous epidemics in China, where most new strains are FATIMA)
isolated and identified for vaccine preparations. The most
likely explanation for the outbreak noted by the local
health department is
A. vaccine failure
B. antigenic drift
C. antigenic shift
D. herd immunity
E. incomplete immunity from previous rhinovirus
infections
183 Reasons to treat gonorrhea with tetracycline rather with JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
other susceptible drugs include M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. Lower frequency of side effects MD (TOP 10
B. Better coverage of Chlamydia trachomatis - FEB 2015
C. Greater safety in case of pregnancy MED
D. Enhanced compliance BOARDS;
E. All of the above TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
184 About 1 % of boys are born with undescended testes. To Pretest #19 7th ed JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
determine whether prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke is M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
a cause of undescended testes in newborns, the mothers of MD (TOP 10
100 newborns with undescended testes and 100 newborns - FEB 2015
whose testes had descended were questioned about MED
smoking habits during pregnancy. The study revealed an BOARDS;
odds ratio of 2.6 associated with exposure to smoke, with TOPNOTCH
95% confidence intervals from 1.1 to 5.3. Which of the MD FROM
following statements is true? FATIMA)
A. The results provide no evidence that maternal
cigarette smoking is associated with undescended testes in
offspring
B. If the study results are accurate, they suggest that a
baby boy whose mother smoked is about 2.6 times as
likely to be born with testes undescended as a baby boy
whose mother did not smoke
C. The fact that the confidence interval excludes 1.0
indicates that p>0.05
D. The 90% confidence interval for these results would
probably include 1.0

185 Exposure to benzene has been associated with all of the Although benzene is absorbed via the lungs, it is JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
following diseases except not associated with an increased incidence of lung M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. Bronchogenic carcinoma cancer. Pretest #214 7th ed MD (TOP 10
B. Aplastic anemia - FEB 2015
C. Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia MED
D. Testicular atrophy BOARDS;
E. Chronic myelogenous leukemia TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
186 In a health officer's point of view, what are the implications Implications of low IMR in a Health Officer's point JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
of a low Infant Mortality Rate? of view: adequate immunization program, sound M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. Adequate immunization program infant and maternal nutrition, satisfactory pre and MD (TOP 10
B. Satisfactory pre and post-natal services post-natal services, good disease control program, - FEB 2015
C. Young population strict laws governing the administration of health MED
D. All of the above programs. High IMR signifies: high incidence of BOARDS;
E. A and B communicable disease, poor state of sanitation, TOPNOTCH
inadequate health facilities, shorter life expectancy MD FROM
and young population. FATIMA)
187 Which of the following is true if the distribution curve is Negatively skewed means that the distribution JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
negatively skewed? curve is shifted to the left. Mode>median>mean. M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. Median is greater than the mode MD (TOP 10
B. Mean is greater than the mode - FEB 2015
C. Mode is greater than the mean MED
D. Mean is greater than the median BOARDS;
E. Mean, median, mode are equal TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
188 It is defined as the capacity of an agent to induce disease Pathogenicity JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
which is clinically apparent in an infected host M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. Infectivity MD (TOP 10
B. Pathogenicity - FEB 2015
C. Virulence MED
D. Antigenicity BOARDS;
E. Immunogenicity TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
189 At what age is it recommended to start screening for All patients >45 y.o and those with BMI of JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
diabetes in an asymptomatic patient with no risk factors? 25kg/m2 with no known risk factors (1st deg M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. >45 relative w/ DM, GDM, delivered macrosomic baby, MD (TOP 10
B. >35 hypertensive, HDL <35, TAG>250, hx of vascular - FEB 2015
C. >40 disease) should be screened for DM MED
D. >55 BOARDS;
E. >25 TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
190 This herbal medicinal plant is used for ascariasis Niyog-niyogan JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
A. akapulko M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
B. tsaang gubat MD (TOP 10
C. ulasimang bato - FEB 2015
D. yerba buena MED
E. niyog-niyogan BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
191 This type of infection is classified as a water-based Water-borne: infections that cause gastroenteritis JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
disease? (cholera, giardia, etc), heavy metals, nitrates, M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. Cholera dental fluorosis. Water-washed: scabies, typhus, MD (TOP 10
B. scabies lice. Water-based: schistosomiasis, leptospirosis. - FEB 2015
C. Malaria Water-related: dengue, malaria, filaria MED
D. Heavy metal poisoning BOARDS;
E. Leptospirosis TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
192 In comparing difference between two means, p-value is pretest #28 7th ed JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
found to be 0.60. The correct interpretation of this result is M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. The null hypothesis is rejected MD (TOP 10
B. The difference is compatible with the null hypothesis - FEB 2015
C. The difference occured by chance MED
D. The difference is statistically significant BOARDS;
E. Sampling variation is an unlikely explanation of the TOPNOTCH
difference MD FROM
FATIMA)
193 Screening for hypertension is what level of prevention? Screening for hypertension in asymptomatic JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
A. primary person is both a secondary measure and a primary M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
B. secondary measure as it also prevents the occurence of MD (TOP 10
C. tertiary strokes - FEB 2015
D. A and B MED
E. B and C BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)

194 The population of Sin City is 60 000 last July 2014. In the crude birth rate= number of registered live births JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
same year, there were 800 births and 580 deaths. Of the in a year/midyear population x 1000 M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
580 deaths, 280 were due to cardiovascular diseases, 150 MD (TOP 10
were caused by cancer, 90 from infectious diseases and the - FEB 2015
others are caused by accidents. There were 2700 people MED
diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. What is the crude BOARDS;
birth rate? TOPNOTCH
A. 13/1000 MD FROM
B. 14/1000 FATIMA)
C. 15/1000
D. 16/1000
E. 17/1000
195 What is the cause of death rate of accidents in number cause of death rate= number of deaths from a JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
234? certain cause in a year/midyear population x M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. 100 100000 MD (TOP 10
B. 200 - FEB 2015
C. 300 MED
D. 400 BOARDS;
E. 500 TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
196 What is the case fatality rate of cardiovascular diseases in case fatality rate= number of deaths from a JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
number 234? specified cause/ number of cases of the same M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. 13 disease x 100 MD (TOP 10
B. 12 - FEB 2015
C. 11 MED
D. 10 BOARDS;
E. 9 TOPNOTCH
MD FROM
FATIMA)
197 Patient came in with chief complaint of fever of 3 days D5LRS, acetated ringer's, D5NSS or D5 0.9NaCl are JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
associated with myalgia, vomiting and headache. CBC appropriate for dengue patients without warning M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
revealed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. NS1 antigen signs who are admitted but without shock (this is MD (TOP 10
test is postive. Patient cannot tolerate oral fluids, hence based on Dengue Clinical Management Guidelines - FEB 2015
admitted. What IV fluid is appropriate for this case? MED
A. PLR BOARDS;
B. D5W TOPNOTCH
C. 0.45 NaCl MD FROM
D. D5 0.9 NaCl FATIMA)
E. PNSS
198 What is the recommended post-exposure prophylaxis for High risk exposure is defined as those individuals JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
leptospirosis in individuals with high risk exposure? with continuous exposure (those having more M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
A. Doxycycline 200mg single dose within 24-72 hours than a single exposure or several days such as MD (TOP 10
from exposure those residing in flooded areas, rescuers and relief - FEB 2015
B. Doxycycline 200mg once weekly until the end of workers). Recommended post-exposure MED
exposure prophylaxis for this is Doxycycline 200mg once BOARDS;
C. Doxycycline 200mg once daily for 3-5 days to be weekly until the end of exposure. A is for low risk TOPNOTCH
started immediately within 24-72 hours from exposure exposure. C is for moderate risk exposure. MD FROM
D. Doxycycline 200mg once daily until the end of FATIMA)
exposure
E. Doxycycline 100mg once daily for 3-5 days to be
started immediately within 24-72 hours from exposure
199 A 10 year old boy with sickle cell disease presents with Persons with sickle cell disease have functional JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
headache, anorexia and fever. He complains of pain in the asplenism due to infarction. This results in M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
right tibia and local inflammation is noted. Osteomyelitis is impaired immune response to polysaccharide MD (TOP 10
diagnosed. The most likely etiologic agent is antigens.They are more susceptible to invasive - FEB 2015
A. Listeria Salmonella infection. Pre-test#176, 9th ed. MED
B. Shigella BOARDS;
C. Salmonella TOPNOTCH
D. Cryptosporidium MD FROM
E. Campylobacter FATIMA)
200 Frank and Jel are married for 2 years. They are living in Family with young children starts with pregnancy JEAN PAOLO FINAL EXAM -
their new home in Manila. Jel is now 5 months pregnant. for the first child to the emergence of adolescents. M. DELFINO, AUG 2015
They are now in what stage of family life cycle? MD (TOP 10
A. Newly married couple - FEB 2015
B. Unattached young adult MED
C. Family with young children BOARDS;
D. Family with adolescents TOPNOTCH
E. Launching family MD FROM
FATIMA)
201 You wanted to investigate if a new drug can prevent Clinical trials are prospective studies in which an GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
hemorrhagic strokes in hypertensive patients. The most intervention is applied. ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
appropriate study to perform is: MD (TOP 3 - 2015
A. Clinical trial AUG 2014
B. Cross-sectional MED
C. Prospective cohort BOARDS;
D. Case-control TOPNOTCH
E. Retrospective cohort MD)
202 Which correctly describes infant mortality? GRACE DIAGNOSTIC

A. Number of deaths in the first 28 days of life per 1000 ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
live births in 1 year MD (TOP 3 - 2015
B. Number of fetal deaths plus deaths in the first week of AUG 2014
life per 1000 total births in 1 year MED
C. Number of deaths under the age of 1 year per 1000 live BOARDS;
births in 1 year TOPNOTCH
D. Number of deaths between the ages of 28 days and 11 MD)
months per 1000 live births in 1 year
E. Number of deaths within 72 hours of life per 1000 live
births in 1 year
203 A new test for Salmonella infetion is introduced. Half of the Specificity: 67%. PPV: 60%. NPV: 80%. Prevalence GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
patients who are tested have a positive test. Compared of Salmonella: 40% ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
with blood cultures, 60% of those with a positive test are MD (TOP 3 - 2015
infected with Salmonella, and 80% of those who tested AUG 2014
negative are free of the infection. What is the sensitivity of MED
the new test? BOARDS;
A. 40% TOPNOTCH
B. 60% MD)
C. 67%
D. 75%
E. 80%
204 The incidence rate of a disease is expressed as: Person-years of observation simulatenously take GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
A. Number of cases observed into account the number of persons under ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
B. Number of new cases observed observation and the duration of observation of MD (TOP 3 - 2015
C. Number of asymptomatic cases each person. AUG 2014
D. Person-years of observation MED
E. Persons lost to follow-up BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
205 A randomized study of breast conservation surgery to A typr II error occurs when a study fails to reject GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
prevent recurrence in patients with stage I breast cancer the null hypothesis (of no effect) when it is, in fact, ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
fails to find a significant difference between BCS and false. MD (TOP 3 - 2015
control groups after ten years (N = 500 per group; p = AUG 2014
0.20). Which of the following might best explain this? MED
A. Misclassification bias BOARDS;
B. Type I error TOPNOTCH
C. Type II error MD)
D. Selection bias
E. Ecologic fallacy
206 Which patient is most likely to become a chronic carrier Up to 90% of infants born to HbsAg-positibve GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
following an acute episode of hepatitis B? mothers will become carriers. ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
A. A newborn MD (TOP 3 - 2015
B. A 20 year-old female following vaginal sexual AUG 2014
transmission MED
C. A 50 year-old male following rectal sexual BOARDS;
transmission with a partner positive for HBeAg TOPNOTCH
D. A 30 year-old health care worker following a MD)
percutaneous injury
E. A 40 year-old HIV-infected male with a CD4 count of
200
207 Which hepatitis profile is consistent with a recently After vaccination, only anti-HbsAg antibodies are GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
vaccinated adult? present. ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
A. HbsAg-positive, (+) IgM anti-HBcAg, (-) anti-HBsAg MD (TOP 3 - 2015
B. HbsAg-negative, (-) IgM anti-HBcAg, (+) anti-HbsAg AUG 2014
C. HbsAg-positive, (+) IgM anti-HBcAg, (+) anti-HBsAg MED
D. HbsAg-negative, (-) IgM anti-HbcAg, (-) anti-HBsAg BOARDS;
E. HbsAg-positive, (+) IgM anti-HBcAg, (-) anti-HBsAg TOPNOTCH
MD)
208 A causative agent's virulence is described as: Virulence refers to the severity of illness produced GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
A. Development of neutralizing antibodies after an attack by a microbe and is measureed by the percentage ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
B. Development of disease in infected persons of severe or fatal cases. MD (TOP 3 - 2015
C. Death among cases AUG 2014
D. Infection among contacts of infected persons MED
E. Period of time from infection to appearance of signs BOARDS;
and symptoms TOPNOTCH
MD)
209 Campylobacter jejuni is associated with which of the 20-30% of all cases occuring in North America, GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
following conditions? Europe, and Australia are preceded by infection or ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
A. Guillain-Barre syndrome reinfection with C. jejuni. MD (TOP 3 - 2015
B. Hemolytic anemia AUG 2014
C. Febrile seizures MED
D. Intussusception BOARDS;
E. Neutropenia TOPNOTCH
MD)
210 Paragonimiasis is transmitted by ingestion of infected: The larval stages of Paragonimus wetsermanii, GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
A. Swine also known as the lung fluke, develop in ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
B. Fish freshwater crabs and other crustacea. MD (TOP 3 - 2015
C. Cattle AUG 2014
D. Crab MED
E. Snail BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

211 A 45 year-old male textile worker came in for an annual Dye workers are susceptible to bladder cancer due GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
physical examination. He has no subjective complaints. He to exposure to B-naphtylamine and benzidine. ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
has been working in the same factory for 25 years. He is Hematuria, gross or microscopic, is the most MD (TOP 3 - 2015
involved in the dye preparation. Which test should you common presenting symptom. AUG 2014
request for this patient? MED
A. Chest x-ray BOARDS;
B. Urinalysis TOPNOTCH
C. Brain MRI MD)
D. CBC with platelet count
E. Thyroid function test
212 A patient with silicosis is most susceptible to have: It is postulated that silicosis results in a GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
A. Lung cancer depression of cell-mediated immunity, and ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
B. Pneumonia crystalline silica may inhibit the ability of MD (TOP 3 - 2015
C. Asbestosis pulmonary macrophages to kill phagocytosed AUG 2014
D. Mesothelioma mycobacteria. MED
E. Tuberculosis BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
213 Which metal may cause Fanconi syndrome if exposure has GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
been chronic? ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
A. Arsenic MD (TOP 3 - 2015
B. Lead AUG 2014
C. Mercury MED
D. Cadmium BOARDS;
E. Zinc TOPNOTCH
MD)
214 The antidote to parathion poisoning is: Parathion is an organophosphate pesticide. GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
A. EDTA ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
B. Pralidoxime MD (TOP 3 - 2015
C. Dimercaprol AUG 2014
D. Acetylcysteine MED
E. Flumazenil BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
215 The Ames test is applied in: The Ames test is a bacterial mutation assay that is GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
A. HIV testing most commonly used in the rapid screening test ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
B. Mutagenicity screening for mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. It is very MD (TOP 3 - 2015
C. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis sensitive to DNA damage. AUG 2014
D. Statistical analysis in clinical trials MED
E. Peripheral vision testing BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
216 A patient with pulmonary tuberculosis has just finished 2 Isoniazid causes peripheral neuropathy. Vitamin GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
months of intensive therapy. He complains of numbness of B6 is given to prevent this adverse drug effect. ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
both hands. This would have been prevented by co- MD (TOP 3 - 2015
administration of which vitamin? AUG 2014
A. Thiamin MED
B. Riboflavin BOARDS;
C. Ascorbic acid TOPNOTCH
D. Pyridoxine MD)
E. Folic acid
217 The use of oral contraceptives will have the most impact OCPs decrease the risk of ovarian cancer by up to GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
on gynecological mortality by reducing the risks for which 80%. They can also reduce the risk of uterine ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
of the following cancers? cancer. MD (TOP 3 - 2015
A. Ovarian AUG 2014
B. Breast MED
C. Cervical BOARDS;
D. Uterine TOPNOTCH
E. Vulvar MD)
218 Screening for hypertension constitues: Screening for hypertension in asymptomatic GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
A. Primary prevention persons is both a secondary measure and a ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
B. Secondary prevention primary measure as it also prevents the MD (TOP 3 - 2015
C. Tertiary prevention occurrence of strokes. AUG 2014
D. A and B MED
E. B and C BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
219 To obtain informed consent, which of the following is NOT Consent may be obtained verbally. GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
required? ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
A. Disclosure of the nature and purpose of the proposed MD (TOP 3 - 2015
therapy AUG 2014
B. Disclosure of the risks and benefits of the proposed MED
therapy BOARDS;
C. Alternatives to the proposed therapy TOPNOTCH
D. Consequences if the proposed therapy is not given MD)
E. Signature of the patient on the written consent form
220 In the case of Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of The court held that the patient's right to privacy GRACE DIAGNOSTIC
California (1976), a person was murdered after a therapist did not obviate the therapist's duty to warn ARVIOLA, EXAM - FEB
failed to inform the victim of a patient's intentions to kill possible victims in cases in whhich a therapist can MD (TOP 3 - 2015
that person. This exemplifies: reasonably determine that another person is at AUG 2014
A. Malpractice foreseeable risk. MED
B. Duty to warn BOARDS;
C. Confidentiality TOPNOTCH
D. Respect for autonomy MD)
E. Nonmaleficence

221 this type of family includes step parents, and or step Nuclear - married man and women with their LEAN MIDTERM
children brought about by annulmentm with separation children, extended - linked together by virtue of ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
and remarriage? kinship bond between parents and children and or SILVERIO, 2015
A. Nuclear between siblings . It ncludes three generations. MD (TOP 4 -
B. Communal Communal - composed of group of individual who AUG 2014
C. Extended are formed for specific ideological or societal MED
D. Blended purposes. BOARDS;
MD), MD
222 In a five star physician model, which aspect refers to a social mobilizer - emprovers and motivates LEAN MIDTERM
physician referring a patient to other specialist, or to patient, family and even the community to be ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
agencies and institution and coodinates function in the partners in health care. Counselor- promotes SILVERIO, 2015
clinic, hospital or community center? healthy lifestyle by empathic explanation and MD (TOP 4 -
A. Social mobilizer encouraging individuals and groups to enhance AUG 2014
B. Health care provider and protect their health. health care provider- MED
C. Manager considers patient as an integral part of a family BOARDS;
D. Counselor and the community and provides high standard TOPNOTCH
E. Researcher clinical care and personalizes preventive care MD), MD
within a long term trusting
relationship.Researcher - selects appropriate
medicine,test or ancillary procedures based on
evidenced based practice.
223 this type of nonverbal communication connotes that the SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LEAN MIDTERM
physician wants to establish a sense of personal CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. Additional notes - eye ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
relationship with the patient? contact infers sincerity. Mannerism - distracts SILVERIO, 2015
A. Eye contact patient. Tone of voice should be modulated to MD (TOP 4 -
B. posture avoid threatening the patient. AUG 2014
C. Handshake MED
D. Tone of voice BOARDS;
E. mannerism TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
224 in what phase in the family life cycle wherein there is launching family - this stage begins when the first LEAN MIDTERM
development of adult to adult relationship between grown child leaves home. During this stagem the parents ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
up children and their parents? must develop adult type relationships between the SILVERIO, 2015
A. Launching family grown up children and themselves. MD (TOP 4 -
B. Family with adolescents AUG 2014
C. Family in later life MED
D. Unattached young adult BOARDS;
E. none of the above TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
225 In the family illness trajectory, what stage refers to the LEAN MIDTERM
second crisis which points to the family's adjustment to the ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
effect of illness? SILVERIO, 2015
A. Major therapeutic effect MD (TOP 4 -
B. Reaction to diagnosis AUG 2014
C. Adjustment to the permanency of the outcome MED
D. early adjustment to outcome BOARDS;
E. onset of illness TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
226 In family APGAR, this refers to the capabillity of the family Partnership - sharing in decision making. Measure LEAN MIDTERM
to utilize and share inherent resources the satisfaction attained in solving problems by ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
A. Adaptation communicating. Growth - refers to both physical SILVERIO, 2015
B. partnership and emotional growth. This measures the MD (TOP 4 -
C. Growth satisfaction of the available freedom of change. AUG 2014
D. Affection Affection - measures the members satisfaction MED
E. Resolve with the intimacy and emotional interaction that BOARDS;
exist in the family. Resolve - refers to how time, TOPNOTCH
space, and money are shared. measures the MD), MD
members satisfaction with the commitment made
by other members of the family.
227 In McCubbins family typology, this type of regenerative SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LEAN MIDTERM
family has a high value in family coherence but low in CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. Vulnerable - low family ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
terms of family hardiness? hardiness, low family coherence. ( more SILVERIO, 2015
A. Vulnerable type complacent , less likely to try new and exciting MD (TOP 4 -
B. Durable type things, tending to do the same things over and AUG 2014
C. Secure type over, and are less likely to encourage each other to MED
D. Regenerative type be active and to learn new things. secure -high BOARDS;
E. None of the above family hardiness, low family coherence. active, in TOPNOTCH
control, but when faced with difficulties are also MD), MD
less supportive of each other, less caring and loyal.
and less tolerant of hardships. regenerative type -
high in family hardiness and coherence. cope by
working together to solve problems.
228 in what phase of clinical trial wherein the drug or test is phase 1 - experimental animals used to establish LEAN MIDTERM
performed on patients with consent carried out mostly on that the new agent is effective and suitable for ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
hospital in patients. It assesses the effectiveness, safety human use. Phase 2 -assess the effectiveness of the SILVERIO, 2015
and continued use of the drug/device? drug or device , determines the appropriate dose MD (TOP 4 -
A. Phase 1 and investigates its safety. Phase 4 - trial in normal AUG 2014
B. Phase 2 field or program setting, reassess effectiveness, MED
C. Phase 3 safety, acceptability and continued use of the BOARDS;
D. Phase 4 drugs. TOPNOTCH
E. Phase 5 MD), MD

229 which of the following is a criteria for instituting a criteria for instituting a screening program: the LEAN MIDTERM
screening program? disease must have the following characteristics: ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
A. There should be a short period between first signs and serious or high risk for mortality or morbidity, SILVERIO, 2015
overt disease high prevalence of preclinical stage, well MD (TOP 4 -
B. Diagnostic test must be sensitive and specific understood natural history, long interval between AUG 2014
C. Low prevalence during the preclinical stage of the first signs and overt disease. Diagnostic test: must MED
disease be sensitive and specific, safe and acceptable, BOARDS;
D. all of the above reliable. Treatment: facilities are adequate, TOPNOTCH
E. none of the above effective ,acceptable , and safe treatment available. MD), MD
230 what type of epidemiologic study is useful for investigating prevalence or cross sectional studies provides LEAN MIDTERM
exposures that are fixed characteristics of individuals, such measurement of exposure and effects that are ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
as ethnicity, socioeconomic status and blood groups, or made at the same time. It is useful for investigating SILVERIO, 2015
chronic disease or stable condition? exposures that are fixed characteristics of an MD (TOP 4 -
A. Prevalence studies individual. It is the most convenient initial step in AUG 2014
B. Case control studies causality investigation during sudden outbreak of MED
C. prospective cohort studies a disease. its disadvantages are the following: rare BOARDS;
D. RCT disease, diseases with very high case fatality rate TOPNOTCH
E. Ecological studies are often not detected, provide no direct estimate MD), MD
of risk and prone to bias from selective survival.
231 which of the following best describes the double burden of the double burden of disease in the Philippines LEAN MIDTERM
the disease in the Philippines? indicate that the leading causes of morbidity are ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
A. Pneumonia is the leading communicable cause of communicable disease while the leading cause of SILVERIO, 2015
mortality and morbidity mortality are the noncommunicable ones. In terms MD (TOP 4 -
B. The leading cause of mortality is cardiovascular of ranking, pneumonia is the leading cause of AUG 2014
disease morbidity followed by diarrheal illness. mortality MED
C. hypertension is the 5th leading cause of morbidity in shows that heart disease remain the no 1 cause of BOARDS;
this country death of filipinos. along the least, the most TOPNOTCH
D. all of the above common communicable disease that causes MD), MD
E. none of the above mortality is pneumonia.
232 which of the following factors can increase the prevalence the following factors that can increase the LEAN MIDTERM
rate of a cetain disease? prevalence rate of a certain disease are the ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
A. shorter duration of disease following: Longer duration of disease, SILVERIO, 2015
B. Improved diagnostic facilities prolongation of patients life,increase in MD (TOP 4 -
C. Out migration of cases incidence,in migration of cases, out migration of AUG 2014
D. Improved cure rate of the disease healthy people,improved diagnostic facilities, in MED
E. All of the above migration of susceptible people. BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
233 which of the following is true statement regarding a A - a highly sensitive test is most helpful to rule LEAN MIDTERM
validity test? out a disease. B- a specific test is needed to ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
A. A specific test is most helpful to a clinician especially if confirm a positive result since a false positive can SILVERIO, 2015
the test result is negative. induce potential harm to a patient. Sensitivity and MD (TOP 4 -
B. Highly sensitive test is needed when false positive specificity is unaffected by the disease prevalence. AUG 2014
result can induce potential harm to the patient Since sensitivity depends only on those with the MED
C. the positive predictive value of a test increases the disease or condition and specificity only on those BOARDS;
prevalence of a disease without the disease or condition. TOPNOTCH
D. Sensitivity and specificity are affected by the MD), MD
prevalence of the disease or condition
E. all of the above
234 this medicinal plant can be use as anti-helminthic for Ulasimang bato - anti-inflammatory agent for LEAN MIDTERM
patients with ascariasis in terms of eradication of its ova patients with arthritis & gout.Yerba Buena - anti- ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
through routine fecalysis? spasmodic agent for patients with irritable bowel SILVERIO, 2015
A. Niyog niyogan syndrome. Sambong - anti-uricosuric for patients MD (TOP 4 -
B. Ulasimang bato with kidney stones in terms of reducing the size of AUG 2014
C. Yerba buena kidney stone & or completely dissolving the MED
D. Sambong kidney stone. BOARDS;
MD), MD
235 which of the following is true about the recommending A - Annual FOBT screening is proven to provide LEAN MIDTERM
screening parameters for colorectal cancer? greater mortality reduction because of early case ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
A. Annual FOBT starting at age 50 y/o offers negligible finding and subsequent prompt intervention. C- SILVERIO, 2015
mortality rate reductions Neither DRE or stool sampling from DRE is MD (TOP 4 -
B. 10-year interval for colonoscopy based on the natural recommended for screening. D- double contrast AUG 2014
history of adenomatous polyps. barium enema and flexibe sigmoidoscopy should MED
C. Digital rectal examination (DRE) is recommended as be done every 5 years because of its lesser BOARDS;
an adequate screening strategy sensitivity. TOPNOTCH
D. every 10 years for double contrast barium enema. MD), MD
236 A 74 year old retired professor consulted you for a general AAFP encourages adherence to recommended LEAN MIDTERM
check up. He read from a health magazine that vitamin daily allowance ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
supplementation can prevent cardiovascular disease and Recommends against the use of beta-carotene SILVERIO, 2015
even cancer and started taking it daily. You were asked if supplements for the prevention of CV disease and MD (TOP 4 -
there is truth to this recommendation. which of the cancer.Evidence is insufficient to recommend for AUG 2014
following statement will you tell to your patient? or against use of supplements of Vitamin A, C, and MED
A. mega doses of vitamin C shortens the duration of E for CV disease and cancer prevention BOARDS;
illness and increases the immunity against that of the TOPNOTCH
disease. MD), MD
B. beta carotene supplementation helps reduce oxygen
radicals and are recommended in patients at risk for
cardiovascular disease.
C. taking Vitamins A, C and E combination for the
prevention of cancer or cardiovascular disease

D. recommended daily allowance particularly in elderly
even if achieved in the diet is still not enough because of
decreased absoprtion efficiency.

237 the health status of the community may be expressed in SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LEAN MIDTERM
terms of ? CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE last aug 2014. ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
A. Availability of public utilities SILVERIO, 2015
B. Morbidity and mortality statistics MD (TOP 4 -
C. Health care services utilization AUG 2014
D. Availability of health care services MED
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
238 Under republic act 7610 also known as Child Protection A child is defined by law as a person below 18 LEAN MIDTERM
Law, the definition of a child is? years old or whom by virtue mental or physical ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
A. Person who reach the age of emancipation of 18 years condition are unable to protect themselves SILVERIO, 2015
old regardless of age. MD (TOP 4 -
B. Person below 15 y/o AUG 2014
C. Person regardless of age whom by physical or mental MED
condition unable to protect themselves BOARDS;
D. only A and C TOPNOTCH
E. only B and C MD), MD
239 which of the following acts as a reservoir for Nocardiosis? Nocardia is a saprophyte ubiquitous organism LEAN MIDTERM
A. Soil found in soil. ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
B. vegetations SILVERIO, 2015
C. Mosquito MD (TOP 4 -
D. human AUG 2014
E. None of the above MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
240 In the course of investigating a 24-year-old HIV-infected Currently available laboratory tests for hepatitis B LEAN MIDTERM
male, the HBsAg is positive. He is currently asymptomatic, include HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen), anti- ANGELO EXAM 1 - FEB
his physical examination is essentially normal, and his CD4 HBs (antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen), IgM SILVERIO, 2015
cell count is 800. Which of the following tests is most anti-HBc, IgG anti-HBc (antibodies to the core MD (TOP 4 -
helpful in determining whether the patient is in the acute antigen), HBeAg, and anti-HBe. Because HBcAg is AUG 2014
phase of viral hepatitis? sequestered within an HBsAg coat, HBcAg is not MED
A. HbeAg routinely detected in patients with hepatitis B. IgM BOARDS;
B. HbsAg anti-HBc appears soon after the onset of infection TOPNOTCH
C. ALT levels and the detection of HBsAg, and precedes by many MD), MD
D. IgM anti Hbc weeks detectable levels of anti-HBsAg. It generally
E. IgG anti Hbc disappears after 6 to 8 months. The presence of
IgM is a marker for acute (less than 6 months)
hepatitis B. IgG anti-HBc appears somewhat later
than
the IgM and may persist for years. Elevated ALT
may be present both in the early and chronic
phases of the disease. HBeAg may persist for years
in patients with chronic disease and is associated
with high infectivity. HBsAg remains detectable
beyond 6 months in chronic hepatitis B.
241 What is the treatment regimen for latent PTB among similar question from our boards, INH for 9 KEVIN MIDTERM 2
adults? months, 5mkd, children 10-20mkday or rifampicin BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. Rifampicin 20mg/kg once daily for 4 months 10mg/kg once a day for 4 months - from CDC MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. INH 5mg/kg once daily for 9 months AUG 2014
C. INH 15mg/kg once a day for 9 months MED
D. Rifampicin 15mg/kg once daily for 4 months BOARDS;
MD)
242 Juan and Juana are married for 15 years, their eldest child SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM KEVIN MIDTERM 2
Rita is currently second year high school, the family is CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
currently balancing increasing the flexibility of their MD (TOP 7 - 2015
boundaries to balance their child's independence and AUG 2014
guidance, their concerns as parents as verbalized were MED
regarding information regarding injury prevention, drug BOARDS;
abuse, STD and early pregnancy issues as their child TOPNOTCH
increasingly becomes moody and intolerant what stage of MD)
family life cycle they are currently in?
A. unattached young adults
B. newly married couple
C. family with young children
D. family with adolescents
E. launching family
243 Which of the following tools can be utilized by the SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM KEVIN MIDTERM 2
practitioner to evaluate the capacity of the family to CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE, review the functions of the BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
participate in the provision of health care to their sick various tools as it was asked in this format answer MD (TOP 7 - 2015
family member or to cope with crisis? was SCREEM in our boards, APGAR mainly assess AUG 2014
A. family APGAR dysfunction or satisfaction of each family member MED
B. SCREEM with regards the family BOARDS;
C. family genogram TOPNOTCH
D. family map MD)
E. family circle
244 The Philippines currently suffers from a double burden of SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM KEVIN MIDTERM 2
disease, which among the following statements correctly CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE, very similar in format, BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
refers to this? leading mortality include noncommunicable, MD (TOP 7 - 2015
A. the leading cause of mortality in the Philippines is from morbidity infectious, both need to be addressed by AUG 2014
infectious or communicable diseases separate programs hence double burden MED
B. the leading cause of morbidity in the Philippines is from BOARDS;
non communicable diseases TOPNOTCH
C. the Philippines has to address infectious or MD)
communicable diseases only first
D. there are different leading causes of mortality and
morbidity in the Philippines which must be addressed
separately
E. all of the above
245 A 30 year old male patient with cough of 3 weeks was know the steps in TB diagnosis and treatment, KEVIN MIDTERM 2
asked to provide 3 sputum specimens for screening for collect a new set of 3 sputum specimens is the next BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
tuberculosis, only 1 smear came in positive what is the step MD (TOP 7 - 2015
next best step of action? AUG 2014
A. request another 3 sputum specimens MED
B. request for chest xray BOARDS;
C. request for sputum culture TOPNOTCH
D. refer to TBDC MD)
E. all of the above
246 Referring to the question above, this is an example of screening is secondary prevention, a lot of KEVIN MIDTERM 2
which type of prevention? examples for each level of prevention came out BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. primary prevention during our boards MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. secondary prevention AUG 2014
C. tertiary prevention MED
D. all of the above BOARDS;
E. only A and B TOPNOTCH
MD)
247 Once a physician is accredited by Philhealth when will he SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM KEVIN MIDTERM 2
renew his Philhealth accreditation? CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE., possibly the only BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. 1 year from date of issuance of Philhealth ID philhealth related question that came out then MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. 2 years from date of issuance of Philhealth ID AUG 2014
C. 3 years from date of issuance of Philhealth ID MED
D. 4 years from date of issuance of Philhealth ID BOARDS;
E. 5 years from date of issuance of Philhealth ID TOPNOTCH
MD)
248 Which of the following actions are proven to decrease SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM KEVIN MIDTERM 2
mortality and morbidity from measles infection? CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE., vitamin A BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. zinc supplementation MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. Vitamin D supplementation AUG 2014
C. Vitamin C supplementation MED
D. Vitamin A supplementation BOARDS;
E. Iron supplementation TOPNOTCH
MD)
249 All of the following vaccines are live attenuated vaccines HPV vaccine is made using parts of microorganism KEVIN MIDTERM 2
EXCEPT? similar to hep B vaccine BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. measles MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. influenza AUG 2014
C. rotavirus MED
D. varicella BOARDS;
E. HPV TOPNOTCH
MD)
250 All of the following are considered risk factors for coronary H. pylori not implicated KEVIN MIDTERM 2
artery disease warranting institution of lipid screening BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
except? MD (TOP 7 - 2015
A. diabetes AUG 2014
B. family history of cardiovascular disease before 50 in MED
males and 60 in females BOARDS;
C. hypertension TOPNOTCH
D. tobacco and illicit drug use MD)
E. Helicobacter pylori infection
251 What is the indicator that can be used to reflect or infer infant and maternal mortality may reflect KEVIN MIDTERM 2
regarding a country's economic status? country's economic status, swaroops index reflect BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. infant mortality rate those over 50 years of age and reflect more the MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. swaroop's index country's health system AUG 2014
C. population density MED
D. inmigration and outmigration rate BOARDS;
E. cause specific mortality rate TOPNOTCH
MD)
252 Of the goals and components of primary health care community participation is considered most KEVIN MIDTERM 2
concept which among these is the most important? important for sustainability BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. accessible MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. acceptable AUG 2014
C. affordable MED
D. community participation BOARDS;
MD)
253 What is the appropriate term to describe an infection similar question from our boards, initially on the KEVIN MIDTERM 2
wherein antibody develops in almost majority of the past board exams a LOT of questions came from BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
people affected by the disease? pretest, but in our boards only about less than 10 MD (TOP 7 - 2015
A. immunogenicity were from pretest review book… AUG 2014
B. pathogenicity MED
C. contagiousness BOARDS;
D. virulence TOPNOTCH
E. none of the above MD)

254 All of the following are examples of secondary level of screening for recurrence of a disease is tertiary KEVIN MIDTERM 2
prevention except? level BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. RPR and VDRL on high risk patients MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. HbsAg titers on pregnant mothers AUG 2014
C. screening chest xray for recurrence MED
D. annual mamography screening BOARDS;
E. annual pap smear TOPNOTCH
MD)
255 Exposure of nonsmokers to second hand cigarette smoke primary smokers cause more osteoporosis not KEVIN MIDTERM 2
may result in all of the following EXCEPT secondary smoke BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. increased incidence of osteoporosis MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. elevation of blood concentration of carbon monoxide AUG 2014
C. increased incidence of infections of lower respiratory MED
tract BOARDS;
D. eye irritation, headache, nasal congestion and cough TOPNOTCH
E. exacerbation of COPD MD)
256 In Barangay San Isidro, July 2013 population of 50,000 exact style of questioning during our boards, KEVIN MIDTERM 2
individuals, for the year 2013, there were 300 documented compute manually no calculators, with numbers BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
deaths, of the 300 deaths, 120 were due to cardiovascular ranging from hundreds of thousands and not easy MD (TOP 7 - 2015
diseases, 80 were due to malignancy, 50 due to accidents to compute because not much 0s all solid numbers AUG 2014
and injury, 30 from childbirth, 20 were from infectious from 1-9 MED
disease, of the 20, 16 were aged below 5 yrs old died from BOARDS;
diarrheal an other infectious diseases, 4 adults died from TOPNOTCH
other infectious dieases. There were 650 total births MD)
during that year as well. What is the crude death rate?
A. 3/1000
B. 4/1000
C. 5/1000
D. 6/1000
257 from question number 236, what is the crude birth rate? 650/50000 x 1000 KEVIN MIDTERM 2
A. 12/1000 BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
B. 13/1000 MD (TOP 7 - 2015
C. 14/1000 AUG 2014
D. 15/1000 MED
E. 16/1000 BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
258 from question number 236, what is the maternal mortality 30/650 x 1000 = KEVIN MIDTERM 2
rate? BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. 46.2/1000 MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. 47.2/1000 AUG 2014
C. 48.8/1000 MED
D. 49.9/1000 BOARDS;
E. 50.0/1000 TOPNOTCH
MD)
259 from question number 236, what is the under 5 mortality 16/650 x 1000 = KEVIN MIDTERM 2
rate? BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. 22.6/1000 MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. 23.6/1000 AUG 2014
C. 24.6/1000 MED
D. 25.6/1000 BOARDS;
E. 26.6/1000 TOPNOTCH
MD)
260 from question number 236, what is the cause specific 120/300 x 1000 = KEVIN MIDTERM 2
mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases? BRYAN LO, EXAM - FEB
A. 400/1000 MD (TOP 7 - 2015
B. 500/1000 AUG 2014
C. 600/1000 MED
D. 700/1000 BOARDS;
E. 800/1000 TOPNOTCH
MD)
261 Which of the following measures is used frequently as a Person-years of observation are frequently used in RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
denominator to calculate the incidence rate of a disease? the denominator of incidence rates and provide a MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. Number of asymptomatic cases method of dealing with variable follow-up periods MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. Person-years of observation AUG 2014
C. Number of cases observed MED
D. Number if new cases observed BOARDS;
E. Persons lost to follow-up TOPNOTCH
MD)
262 Which of the following is true regarding the family life Review topnotch notes on family life cycle RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
cycle? MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. The key principle in the process of transition in The MD (TOP 1 - 2015
family with young children is commitment to the new AUG 2014
system MED
B. The family with adolescents is the longest stage in the BOARDS;
Philippines TOPNOTCH
C. First-order changes refer to changes that involve change MD)
in the main structure of the family
D. Second-order changes refer to changes in the role and
identity of family members

263 A study finds that a screening test helps increase the 5- Lead-time bias refers to apparent increase in life RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
year survival rate of patients with colon cancer. What type expectancy seen in patients who have their MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
of bias is most likely in this study? disease diagnosed with a screening test MD (TOP 1 - 2015
A. Misclassification bias AUG 2014
B. Differential bias MED
C. Recall bias BOARDS;
D. Surveillance bias TOPNOTCH
E. Lead-time bias MD)
264 In country A there are 35 new cases of breast cancer per The most important risk factor for breast Ca is age. RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
100,000 adult women per year; in country B the number is If crude incidence rates are compared, one country MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
90 per 100,000. Which of the following is the most likely may have much larger numbers of women in the MD (TOP 1 - 2015
explanation? peak age group so some type of age of adjustment AUG 2014
A. Women in country A receive more frequent preventive is essential. MED
care such as mammography BOARDS;
B. Treatment is much more successful in country A TOPNOTCH
C. Women in country A have a much higher rate of nursing MD)
their infants
D. Women in country A are younger
E. Women in country A are less likely to smoke cigarettes
265 If the prevalence of a disease in a population decreases, A lower prevalence will decrease PPV and increase RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
how will a test for that disease be affected? NPV but it will have no effect on both sensitivity MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. There will be no effect on sensitivity and specificity and specificity. MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. There will be an increase in positive predictive value AUG 2014
C. There will be a decrease in negative predictive value MED
D. Positive and negative predictive values will not be BOARDS;
affected TOPNOTCH
E. A, B, and C are correct MD)
266 Which of the following family assessment tools is used to Genogram - tool in learning family structure; RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
assess the capacity to participate in provision of health APGAR - measures one's level of satisfaction with MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
care or cope with crisis? family relationships; FACES - rates family on 30 MD (TOP 1 - 2015
A. Family genogram items on a 1-5 scale; FES - compares health care AUG 2014
B. Family APGAR results with family variable MED
C. SCREEM BOARDS;
D. Family Environmental Scale TOPNOTCH
E. FACES MD)
267 Which of the following statements about blood pressure is Systolic hypertension is a strong risk factor for RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
true? cardiovascular disease. ISH is BP greater than MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. Isolated systolic hypertension is a risk factor for stroke 160mmHg with a normal DBP. Prevalence MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. Diastolic BP is a more important predictor of incidence increases with age in both men and women AUG 2014
of coronary heart disease than is systolic BP MED
C. The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension peaks BOARDS;
between ages 60 and 70 TOPNOTCH
D. The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension MD)
increases with age in men but not in women
E. Isolated systolic hypertension is defined as a systolic BP
above 200mmHg with normal diastolic BP
268 Which of the following is true in a positively skewed A postively skewed distribution is skewed to the RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
distribution? right, has large outlying variable and the mean is MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. The distribution is skewed to the left larger than the median. The opposite is true for MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. The outlying variables are small negatively skewed distribution AUG 2014
C. Mean is larger than the median MED
D. A and B BOARDS;
MD)
269 A worker who develops aplastic anemia will most likely Benzene is a potent myelotoxic agent. RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
have been exposed to which of the following toxic MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
substances? MD (TOP 1 - 2015
A. Arsenic AUG 2014
B. Organic mercury MED
C. Asbestos BOARDS;
D. Benzene TOPNOTCH
E. Chromium MD)
270 When debating whether providing or withholding medical The physician's preferences are relatively RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
treatment is ethical, the least important consideration of unimportant in ethical decisions MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
those listed below is: MD (TOP 1 - 2015
A. Expected quality of life AUG 2014
B. Patient's preference MED
C. Physycian's preference BOARDS;
D. Economic factors TOPNOTCH
E. Indications for medical intervention MD)
271 What refers to the ability of an infectious agent to produce Infectivity ability to invade and multiply; RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
serious illness and is measured in terms of fatality? pathogenicity - capacity to induce clinically MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. Infectivity apparent disease; antigenicity - ability to induce MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. Virulence immunity AUG 2014
C. Pathogenicity MED
D. Antigenicity BOARDS;
E. Susceptibility TOPNOTCH
MD)

272 What is the most important single test in the examination RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
of drinking water? MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. Physical MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. Chemical AUG 2014
C. Biological MED
D. Bacteriological BOARDS;
E. Radiological TOPNOTCH
MD)
273 In comparing the difference between two means, the value A value of p of 0.05 is the conventional upper limit RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
of p is found to be 0.60. The correct interpretation of this of significance. MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
result is? MD (TOP 1 - 2015
A. The difference is statistically significant AUG 2014
B. The difference occurred by chance MED
C. The null hypothesis is rejected BOARDS;
D. Sampling variation is an unlikely explanation of the TOPNOTCH
difference MD)
E. The difference is compatible with the null hypothesis
274 This type of disease exemplified by leptospirosis is caused Water-borne is transmitted by contaminated RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
by agents spread by contact with or ingestion of water? drinking water such as cholera; Water-washed is MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. Water-based disease transmitted from person to person due to MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. Water-borne disease inadequate water supply for personal hygiene AUG 2014
C. Water-washed disease such as scabies; Water-related is transmitted by MED
D. Water-related disease insects harboring in water such as dengue fever BOARDS;
MD)
275 Which of the following is true regarding Primary health RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
care? MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. Comprised of curative services and deals with more MD (TOP 1 - 2015
complex problems AUG 2014
B. Must be community based with full participation and MED
involvement of the people BOARDS;
C. Promotion of mental health is not an essential element TOPNOTCH
D. B and C MD)
E. All of the above
276 The family illness trajectory is a normal course of the Review Family illness trajectory RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
psychological aspects of disease for the patient and the MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
family. In which stage does the physician explore the MD (TOP 1 - 2015
explanatory model and fear that the patient bring's to the AUG 2014
clinical set-up? MED
A. Onset of illness to Diagnosis BOARDS;
B. Reaction to Diagnosis TOPNOTCH
C. Major Therapeutic Efforts MD)
D. Early Adjustment to Outcome
E. Adjustment to Permanency of Outcome
277 You are attempting to conduct a study that will look into Cohort study categorizes the subjects on the basis RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
the association between consumption of coffee and peptic of exposure or lack of exposure to a risk factor and MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
ulcer disease. You obtain the history of coffee drinking of then following them up to determine if a particular MD (TOP 1 - 2015
selected patients and then subsequently follow them up in outcome resulted. AUG 2014
the next five years to correlate PUD diagnosis with coffee MED
drinking. What type of study will you use? BOARDS;
A. Cross-sectional TOPNOTCH
B. Clinical trial MD)
C. Case-control
D. Cohort
E. Experimental
278 Demographic data and vital statistics rates were obtained SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
from a small town with a population of 235,697. During CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. Round off to the nearest MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
the same year, the total number of deaths was 5,453 and whole number. Crude death rate is number of MD (TOP 1 - 2015
the total number of live births was 9,873. Heart disease death/midyear population. IMR is number of AUG 2014
was the leading cause of morbidity with 15,758 diagnosed death less than 1 year old/number of live births X MED
cases followed by pneumonia with 13,234 diagnosed cases. 1000 BOARDS;
Heart disease was also the leading cause of mortality with TOPNOTCH
a total of 998 deaths in the same year. Infants who died MD)
before 1 year of age numbered 192. Calculate the infant
mortality rate.
A. 18/1000 live births
B. 19/1000 live births
C. 20/1000 live births
D. 21/1000 live births
E. 22/1000 live births
279 In the same town in the previous question, calculate the SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
crude death rate: CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. Round off to the nearest MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. 22/1000 whole number. Crude death rate is number of MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. 23/1000 death/midyear population x 1000 AUG 2014
C. 24/1000 MED
D. 25/1000 BOARDS;
E. 26/1000 TOPNOTCH
MD)
280 In the same town in question number 238, calculate the SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM RAYMUND MIDTERM 3
case fatality rate for heart disease: CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. Round off to the nearest MARTIN LI, EXAM - FEB
A. 4% whole number. MD (TOP 1 - 2015
B. 5% AUG 2014
C. 6% MED
D. 7% BOARDS;
E. 8% TOPNOTCH
MD)

281 John and Anna have been having marital disputes which Triangulation - detouring conflict between 2 ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
they refuse to confront and instead they overly express people by involving a third person thereby TALAVERA, FEB 2015
concern for their adolescent daughter's defiant behavior. stabilizing the relationship betweem the original MD (TOP 1 -
What family process is described in this sitaution ? pair AUG 2014
A. Enmeshment MED
B. Triangulation BOARDS;
C. Disengagement TOPNOTCH
D. Rigidity MD)
282 Which of the following diseases is found exclusively among Chronic exposure to asbestos predisposes one to ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
persons who have worked with or have been exposed to develo pleural mesothelioma. Overall, TALAVERA, FEB 2015
asbestos? bronchogenic carcinoma is the malignancy most MD (TOP 1 -
A. Bronchogenic carcinoma commonly associated with asbestos exposure AUG 2014
B. Angiosarcoma MED
C. Laryngeal carcinoma BOARDS;
D. Pleural mesothelioma TOPNOTCH
E. Multiple myeloma MD)
283 You are conducting a study that will examine the Two qualitative variables are being studied and ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
relationship between the gender and nutritional status of a compared to hence a chi square test would be TALAVERA, FEB 2015
certain population. What statistical test would be most most appropriate MD (TOP 1 -
appropriate ? AUG 2014
A. Chi square test MED
B. Regression analysis BOARDS;
C. Student T test TOPNOTCH
D. Multiple regression MD)
E. Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
284 Which of the following herbal medicines is recommended Akapulko for fungal infections; bayabas as an ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
by the DOH for its use to lower blood uric acid levels? antiseptic (wound and vaginal wash); ulasimang TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Akapulko bato to lower uric acid levels; yerba buena for MD (TOP 1 -
B. Bayabas rheumatism, niyog-niyogan as anti helminthic AUG 2014
C. Yerba buena MED
MD)
285 Which of the following clinical manifestations is not Hutchinson's teeth is seen in congenital syphilis ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
associated with congenital rubella syndrome? TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Cataracts MD (TOP 1 -
B. Hutchinson's teeth AUG 2014
C. Sensorineural deafness MED
D. Microcephaly BOARDS;
E. Pulmonic stenosis TOPNOTCH
MD)
286 Patients with pancreatic cancer were matched with Based on no. 29 of Pre-test 7th ed. ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
controls by age, sex, place of residence and social class. TALAVERA, FEB 2015
Two groups were noted according to the frequency of MD (TOP 1 -
cigarette smoking. This is what type of study? AUG 2014
A. Prospective cohort MED
B. Case report BOARDS;
C. Clinical trial TOPNOTCH
D. Cross sectional MD)
E. Case control
287 Which of the following refers to the constant presence of a Endemic - refers to the constant presence or usual ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
very high incidence of disease or infection in a given prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a TALAVERA, FEB 2015
geographical area? given geographic area. Epidemic refers to the MD (TOP 1 -
A. Hyperendemic occurrence of disease w/in a community clearly in AUG 2014
B. Endemic excess of what is to be normally expected. MED
C. Epidemic Pandemic refers to widespread disease BOARDS;
D. Pandemic throughout a continent or across a very large TOPNOTCH
E. None of the above geographic areas MD)
288 Which of the following best characterizes an emphatic ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
response of a physician? TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. One which shows the interviewer's feeling to be the MD (TOP 1 -
same as that of the patient AUG 2014
B. One which names the patient's feelings and shows MED
approval that the feeling is the correct one BOARDS;
C. One which recognizes the patient's feelings and allows TOPNOTCH
the patient to have the feeling MD)
D. One that names the patient's feelings and points out
the rationale for the feeling
E. All of the above
289 Which of the following health indices serves as a sensitive Infant mortality rate is a sensitive index of health ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
index of health in the community? status in the community. A high IMR means low TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Maternal Mortality Rate level of health standards w/c may be secondary to MD (TOP 1 -
B. Infant Mortality Rate poor maternal and child health care, malnutrition, AUG 2014
C. Specific Mortality Rate poor environment sanitation or deficient health MED
D. Crude Death Rate care service BOARDS;
E. Crude Birth Rate TOPNOTCH
MD)

290 Which of the following is not considered as a possible risk Pretest 7th ed 167, modified ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
factor for the development of colon cancer? TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Diet high in animal fat MD (TOP 1 -
B. Obesity and insulin resistance AUG 2014
C. Irritable bowel syndrome MED
D. Familial polyposis BOARDS;
E. Ulcerative colitis TOPNOTCH
MD)
291 A medical student is conducting a study regarding the the paired t test is approprate for comparing ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
comparison of blood glucose level before and after paired (before and after) measurements TALAVERA, FEB 2015
ingestion of one pint of ice cream. Which of the following MD (TOP 1 -
statistical analysis would be most appropriate? AUG 2014
A. Fishers exact test MED
B. Analysis of variance BOARDS;
C. Linear regression TOPNOTCH
D. Multiple regression MD)
E. Paired T test
292 Within 4 hours after attending a village banquet, 25 Pre test 7th edition 289, modified ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
individuals experienced a sudden onset of nausea, TALAVERA, FEB 2015
vomiting and abdominal cramps. What is the most likely MD (TOP 1 -
infectious agent responsible for the symptoms? AUG 2014
A. Clostridium perfringens MED
B. Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli BOARDS;
C. Salmonella typhimurium TOPNOTCH
D. Staphylococcus aureus MD)
E. Clostridium botulinum
293 Which of the following physical characteristics of water is Pre test 9th edition 258 ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
the most important impediment to disinfection ? TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Color MD (TOP 1 -
B. Viscosity AUG 2014
C. Turbidity MED
D. Temperature BOARDS;
E. Density TOPNOTCH
MD)
294 Which of the following parameters in the APGAR measures Partnership - ability to solve problems by ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
the capability of the family to utilize and share resources? communicating, Growth - freedom to grow and TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Adaptation change, Affection - intimacy and emotional MD (TOP 1 -
B. Partnership interaction within the family, Resolve - members AUG 2014
C. Growth satisfaction with the commitment made by the MED
D. Affection members of the family BOARDS;
E. Resolve TOPNOTCH
MD)
295 In order to obtain a sample population, a researcher Systematic sampling - every kth element of the ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
assembled individuals to some order and are then selected population is chosen TALAVERA, FEB 2015
according to a constant determinant (every 7th subject is MD (TOP 1 -
selected). What sampling procedure was done by the AUG 2014
researcher? MED
A. Paired sampling BOARDS;
B. Cluster sampling TOPNOTCH
C. Symple sampling MD)
D. Stratified sampling
E. Systematic sampling
296 The presence of petechiae, sore gums, hematuria, and joint Scurvy - deficiency of Vitamin C ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
or bone pain is associated with deficiency of what vitamin? TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Vitamin D MD (TOP 1 -
B. Vitamin C AUG 2014
C. Vitamin B1 MED
D. Vitamin E BOARDS;
E. Vitamin K TOPNOTCH
MD)
297 Which of the following is an effective means of preventing Pre test 7th edition 354 ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
trichinosis in humans? TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Skin testing of hogs with Trichinella antigen prior to MD (TOP 1 -
slaughter AUG 2014
B. Attention to proper disposal of hog feces MED
C. Cooking pork to ensure that all parts reach a BOARDS;
temperature of at least 40 degree celsius TOPNOTCH
D. Prohibiting the marketing of garbage fed hogs MD)
E. All of the above
298 The Dangerous Drug Act of 2002 is otherwise known as RA 9288 Newborn screening, RA 7875 National ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
which of the following? Health insurance act of 1995, RA 9257 Expanded TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. RA 9288 senior citizens act of 2003 MD (TOP 1 -
B. RA 9165 AUG 2014
C. RA 7875 MED
D. RA 9257 BOARDS;
MD)

299 An infant born to a Hepatitis B infected mother should Infants born to HBsAg-positive women should ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
receive a hepatitis B immune globulin within how many receive vaccine at birth, 1–2 mo, and 6 mo of age, TALAVERA, FEB 2015
hours after birth? with the first dose accompanied with HBIG, to be MD (TOP 1 -
A. 24 hours given within 12 hours of birth. AUG 2014
B. 96 hours MED
C. 12 hours BOARDS;
D. 48 hours TOPNOTCH
E. 6 hours MD)
300 Dwarfism, hepatosplenomegaly and poor wound healing Pre test 7th edition 396 ERIC ROYD FINAL EXAM -
may indicate deficieny of which of the following minerals? TALAVERA, FEB 2015
A. Zinc MD (TOP 1 -
B. Copper AUG 2014
C. Fluorine MED
D. Manganese BOARDS;
E. Sodium TOPNOTCH
MD)
301 Which of the following best describes the double burden of the double burden of disease in the Philippines LEAN BACK-UP
the disease in the Philippines? indicate that the leading causes of morbidity are ANGELO MIDTERM
A. Pneumonia is the leading communicable cause of communicable disease while the leading cause of SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
mortality and morbidity mortality are the noncommunicable ones. In terms MD (TOP 4 - 2015
B. The leading cause of mortality is cardiovascular of ranking, pneumonia is the leading cause of AUG 2014
disease morbidity followed by diarrheal illness. mortality MED
C. hypertension is the 5th leading cause of morbidity in shows that heart disease remain the no 1 cause of BOARDS;
this country death of filipinos. along the least, the most TOPNOTCH
D. all of the above common communicable disease that causes MD), MD
E. none of the above mortality is pneumonia.

302 In family APGAR, this refers to the capabillity of the family Partnership - sharing in decision making. Measure LEAN BACK-UP
to utilize and share inherent resources the satisfaction attained in solving problems by ANGELO MIDTERM
A. Adaptation communicating. Growth - refers to both physical SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
B. partnership and emotional growth. This measures the MD (TOP 4 - 2015
C. Growth satisfaction of the available freedom of change. AUG 2014
D. Affection Affection - measures the members satisfaction MED
E. Resolve with the intimacy and emotional interaction that BOARDS;
exist in the family. Resolve - refers to how time, TOPNOTCH
space, and money are shared. measures the MD), MD
members satisfaction with the commitment made
by other members of the family.
303 The basic indicator most often used to reflect the economic ( SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LEAN BACK-UP
health of a country is ? CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE) ANGELO MIDTERM
A. Child mortality rate SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
B. Infant mortality rate MD (TOP 4 - 2015
C. Gross national product AUG 2014
D. Population density MED
E. Migration rate BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
304 which type of parenting style will yield a child that is A-immature, psychologically troubled child, c- LEAN BACK-UP
rebellious, impulsive and low achieving? conflicting, unfriendly irritable child, D- lonely and ANGELO MIDTERM
A. rejecting withdrawn child. SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
B. Permissive MD (TOP 4 - 2015
C. authoritarian AUG 2014
D. Uninvolved MED
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
305 Which type of verbal communication indicates sincerity ? ( SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LEAN BACK-UP
A. Eye contact CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE) ANGELO MIDTERM
B. handshake SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
C. Posture MD (TOP 4 - 2015
D. mannerism AUG 2014
E. Touch MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
306 The most challenging and rewarding stage for the (SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LEAN BACK-UP
physician in the Family Illness Trajectory? CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE) ANGELO MIDTERM
A. Onset of illness to diagnosis SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
B. Reaction to diagnosis MD (TOP 4 - 2015
C. Major therapeutic effort AUG 2014
D. Early adjustment to outcome MED
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD

307 29 year old HIV positive male was recently diagnosed with Stages of TB Meningitis LEAN BACK-UP
TB meningitis now exhibit stuporous state, • Stage I ANGELO MIDTERM
ophthalmoplegia, dysphagia, and meningeal signs. In what nonspecific symptoms especially gastrointestinal, SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
stage is the patient most likely at ? irritable, listless , fever MD (TOP 4 - 2015
A. Stage I • Stage II AUG 2014
B. Stage II progressive stupor cranial nerve palsies, and long MED
C. Stage III tract signs, kernig and Brudzinski BOARDS;
D. Stage IV • Stage III TOPNOTCH
E. stage V Coma, irregular respirations, fixed pupils and MD), MD
clonic spasms of the extremities.
308 Drugs not covered by patent protection and which are ( SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM LEAN BACK-UP
labeled solely by their international propriety names? CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE) ANGELO MIDTERM
A. Complementary drugs SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
B. Generic drugs MD (TOP 4 - 2015
C. Essential drugs AUG 2014
D. Core drugs MED
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
309 In which of the following situations can a patient avail of One can avail philhealth if 1.) There is at least 3 LEAN BACK-UP
the philhealth benefit? monthly contributions within the immediate 6 ANGELO MIDTERM
a.) The patient has applied for philhealth a month ago, and month period prior to the month of confinement SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
he is now confined in the hospital for an appendectomy 2.) Confinement in any accredited hospitals for MD (TOP 4 - 2015
b.) Patient was admitted last month for 2 months due to not less than 24 hours due to an illness or injury AUG 2014
sepsis due to CAP-HR, and she is now admitted in the requiring hospitalization. 3.) Minor surgical MED
hospital for another episode of CAP-HR procedures and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, BOARDS;
c.) Patient is admitted for a case of UTI, but was discharged hemodialysis and cataract extraction even on OPD TOPNOTCH
on the same day basis provided that the 45 days allowance for MD), MD
d.) Patient underwent excision of breast mass as OPD room and board has not been consumed yet.
e.) All of the above
310 which of the following medicinal plant is correlated with B-antidiabetes, C-scabies, tinea, ringworm, D- LEAN BACK-UP
anticholesterol effect? cough, asthma ANGELO MIDTERM
A. garlic SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
B. ampalaya MD (TOP 4 - 2015
C. akapulko AUG 2014
D. Lagundi MED
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
311 which of the following health promotion strategy is based B-Legislative approach, C -societal approach D- LEAN BACK-UP
on organizational approach? educational approach. ( refer to topnotch handout ANGELO MIDTERM
A. Development of support groups by nonprofit for the complete examples). SIMILAR TO SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
organizations and facilities that provide services to people PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE MD (TOP 4 - 2015
with special needs AUG 2014
B. Regulations aimed at reducing youth access to tobacco MED
products and alcohol BOARDS;
C. Organization and training of out of school youth to TOPNOTCH
reduce vulnerability to sex or drug crimes MD), MD
D. Stress management classes for middle-management
employees in the workplace
E. all of the above
312 An 18-year-old sexually active college student presents Chlamydia trachomatis is the most frequently LEAN BACK-UP
with complaints of lower abdominal pain and irregular reported bacterial sexually transmitted disease ANGELO MIDTERM
bleeding for five days. She has no fever. She uses oral (STD) in the United States. Infections of the cervix SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
contraceptives as method of birth control. Upon may present as a friable cervix, but are most often MD (TOP 4 - 2015
examination, the cervix is friable, there is cervical motion without signs or symptoms. AUG 2014
tenderness and adnexal tenderness. The pregnancy test is MED
negative. Which is the most likely etiologic agent BOARDS;
responsible for these findings?? TOPNOTCH
A. Neisseria gonorrhoeae MD), MD
B. Chlamydia trachomatis
C. Treponema pallidum
D. Herpes simplex virus type 2
E. Mycoplasma hominis

313 In nine families surveyed, the numbers of children per The correct values for mean, median and mode are LEAN BACK-UP
family were 4, 6, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2, 1, and 7. The mean, median, 3.4, 3, and 2. The mean is the average: the sum of ANGELO MIDTERM
and mode numbers of children per family are, respectively: the observations divided by the number of SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
A. 3.4, 2, 3 observations. In this case, the mean is 31/9 = 3.4. MD (TOP 4 - 2015
B. 3, 3.4, 2 The median is the middle observation in a series of AUG 2014
C. 3, 3, 2 ordered observations, that is, the 50th percentile. MED
D. 2, 3.5, 3 In this case, there is an uneven number (9) of BOARDS;
E. 3.4, 3, 2 observations. When the observations are TOPNOTCH
ordered— 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 6, 7—the median is 3. If MD), MD
the number of observations is even, it is midway
between the two middle observations. For
example, if we were to have only 8 observations
such as : 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, then the median would
be equal to the average of the fourth and fifth
largest observations: 2 + 3/2 = 2.5. The mode is
the observation that occurs with greatest
frequency; in this case it is 2, which occurs three
times.

314 which of the following is a criteria for instituting a criteria for instituting a screening program: the LEAN BACK-UP
screening program? disease must have the following characteristics: ANGELO MIDTERM
A. There should be a short period between first signs and serious or high risk for mortality or morbidity, SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
overt disease high prevalence of preclinical stage, well MD (TOP 4 - 2015
B. Diagnostic test must be sensitive and specific understood natural history, long interval between AUG 2014
C. Low prevalence during the preclinical stage of the first signs and overt disease. Diagnostic test: must MED
disease be sensitive and specific, safe and acceptable, BOARDS;
D. all of the above reliable. Treatment: facilities are adequate, TOPNOTCH
E. none of the above effective ,acceptable , and safe treatment available. MD), MD

315 David and Lorie has been having marital disputes which Triangulation - Detouring conflict between 2 LEAN BACK-UP
they refuse to confront and instead they express over people by involving a third person, thereby ANGELO MIDTERM
concern for their adolescent daughter’s defiant behavior to stabilizing the relationship between the original SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
house rules. What family process is described? pair.• Enmeshment –over involvement of family MD (TOP 4 - 2015
A. Disengagement members with each other. Disengagement – AUG 2014
B Triangulation members are isolated from each other or have MED
C. Coalition little emotional response to each other. Coalition- BOARDS;
D. Enmeshment one family member is siding with another family TOPNOTCH
E. scape goating member.Scape-goating - family member (often MD), MD
child) who is the object of displaced
conflict/criticism.
316 A country has 8,190,345 male and 7,397,056 females. 40% # deaths due to childbirth/ total live births. LEAN BACK-UP
of which are less than 45 y/o.This year there were 26,525 ANGELO MIDTERM
births, 6,146 mothers died of childbirth, 10,568 died of SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
peumonia, 25,788 died of myocardial infarction, 7,825 died MD (TOP 4 - 2015
of CVA, 14,638 died of cancer, 2,027 infants less than 1 AUG 2014
year old died of sepsis. 1736 children died of MVA. what is MED
the maternal mortality rate ? BOARDS;
A. 23.18% TOPNOTCH
B. 23.20% MD), MD
C. 23.16%
D. 23.19%
E. 23.17%
317 what is the infant mortality rate? number of deaths (less than 1 year old)/ total live LEAN BACK-UP
A. 7.64% births. Always bring calculator. Lesson learn ANGELO MIDTERM
B. 7.60% during my previous board exam. SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
C. 7.62% MD (TOP 4 - 2015
D. 7.58% AUG 2014
E. 7.66% MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
318 what is the case fatality rate of MI ? total deaths due to MI/total deaths in a year LEAN BACK-UP
A. 37.50% ANGELO MIDTERM
B. 37.52% SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
C. 37.55% MD (TOP 4 - 2015
D. 37.53% AUG 2014
E. 37.51% MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
319 what is the case fatality rate of CVA? total deaths due to CVA/total deaths in a year LEAN BACK-UP
A. 11.39 ANGELO MIDTERM
B. 11.40 SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
C. 11.41 MD (TOP 4 - 2015
D. 11.42 AUG 2014
E. 11.43 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
320 what is the crude death rate ? total deaths in a year/ total population LEAN BACK-UP
A. 0.42% ANGELO MIDTERM
B. 0.45 % SILVERIO, EXAM - FEB
C. 0.44% MD (TOP 4 - 2015
D. 0.43% AUG 2014
E. 0.46% MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD), MD
321 True of the family genogram as a graphic representation of Each generation is identified by roman numerals. DEBBIE BACK-UP
a family tree, except: ROSE MIDTERM
A. consists of 3 or more generations TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. Each generation is identified by arabic numbers. MD (TOP 5 - 2015
C. The first-born of each generation is farthest to the left. AUG 2014
D. The family name is placed above each major family unit. MED
E. Given names and ages are placed below each symbol. BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
322 "I am satisfied with the way my family and I share time DEBBIE BACK-UP
together" pertains to which component of the APGAR ROSE MIDTERM
assessment tool: TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
A. Adaptation MD (TOP 5 - 2015
B. Partnership AUG 2014
C. Growth MED
D. Affection BOARDS;
E. Resolve TOPNOTCH
MD)

323 The Family APGAR is needed in which situation? DEBBIE BACK-UP
A. when the family will be directly involved in caring for ROSE MIDTERM
the patient TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. when treating a new patient in order to get information MD (TOP 5 - 2015
to serve as general view of family function AUG 2014
C. when treating a patient whose family is in crisis MED
D. when a patient's behavior makes you suspect a BOARDS;
psychosocial problem possibly due to family dysfunction TOPNOTCH
E. all of the above MD)
324 All of the following statements about the relationship DEBBIE BACK-UP
between marital status and cancer are true, except: ROSE MIDTERM
A. The risk of cancer of the cervix is higher in married TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
women compared with single women. MD (TOP 5 - 2015
B. The risk of cancer of the cervix is lower in women who AUG 2014
marry late in life than in women who marry earlier. MED
C. The risk of breast cancer is higher in single than in BOARDS;
married women. TOPNOTCH
D. The risk of ovarian cancer is not related to marital MD)
status.
E. The risk of cancer of the testes is higher in married than
in single men.
325 Which of the following statements about emphysema is Choice E refers to pneumoniconiosis. DEBBIE BACK-UP
true? ROSE MIDTERM
A. There is a definitive clinical diagnosis of the disease. TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. The majority of persons with emphysema are MD (TOP 5 - 2015
symptomatic. AUG 2014
C. Flow rates on pulmonary function tests resemble those MED
seen in chronic bronchitis. BOARDS;
D. It is equally prevalent in light and heavy smokers. TOPNOTCH
E. It is associated with the chronic inhalation of coal dust. MD)
326 Which statement about obesity is correct? DEBBIE BACK-UP
A. Osteoarthritis is less common among obese persons ROSE MIDTERM
because of decreased activity. TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. In a normal person, 300 calories of excess carbohydrate MD (TOP 5 - 2015
will lead to the same weight gain as 300 calories of excess AUG 2014
fat. MED
C. Obese persons are significantly less active than non- BOARDS;
obese persons. TOPNOTCH
D. The apparent association between obesity and MD)
hypertension is probably due to the use of inappropriately
small blood pressure cuffs in the obese subjects.
327 The parameter that can be used to obtain the best estimate DEBBIE BACK-UP
of the prevalence of dental caries is: ROSE MIDTERM
A. the calculus index TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. the malocclusion index MD (TOP 5 - 2015
C. the decayed, missing, or filled rate AUG 2014
D. the oral hygiene index MED
E. none of the above BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
328 Randomization is a procedure used for assignment or DEBBIE BACK-UP
allocation of subjects to treatment and control groups in ROSE MIDTERM
experimental studies. Randomization ensures: TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
A. that assignment occurs by chance MD (TOP 5 - 2015
B. that treatment and control groups are alike in all aspects AUG 2014
except treatment MED
C. that bias in observations is eliminated BOARDS;
D. that placebo effects are eliminated TOPNOTCH
329 The association between low birth weight and maternal DEBBIE BACK-UP
smoking during pregnancy can be studied by obtaining ROSE MIDTERM
smoking histories from women at the time of the prenatal TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
visit and then subsequently correlating birth weight with MD (TOP 5 - 2015
smoking histories. What type of study is this? AUG 2014
A. clinical trial MED
B. cross-sectional BOARDS;
C. cohort (prospective) TOPNOTCH
D. case-control (retrospective) MD)
330 Which of the following diseases is found almost exclusively DEBBIE BACK-UP
among persons who have worked with or have been ROSE MIDTERM
exposed to asbestos? TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
A. bronchogenic carcinoma MD (TOP 5 - 2015
B. byssinosis AUG 2014
C. pleural mesothelioma MED
D. laryngeal carcinoma BOARDS;
E. emphysema TOPNOTCH
MD)
331 Which is the most appropriate statistical test to analyze DEBBIE BACK-UP
the date of a study that compares the serum cholesterol ROSE MIDTERM
before and after ingestion of hamburgers in a sample of TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
fast-food patrons? MD (TOP 5 - 2015
A. Chi-square test AUG 2014
B. analysis of variance MED
C. linear regression BOARDS;
D. student t test TOPNOTCH
E. paired t test MD)
332 Studies in medicine are designed to identify causes of DEBBIE BACK-UP
disease. The ultimate goal of such studies is to alter the ROSE MIDTERM
frequency or severity of these diseases. All of the following TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
are considerations in the determination of causality, MD (TOP 5 - 2015
except: AUG 2014
A. temporal sequence - causative agents must precede MED
their consequences BOARDS;
B. biological gradient - dose-response curve TOPNOTCH
C. concurrency - cause and effect are found at the same MD)
time
D. strength of association
E. consistency - repeated observations of the same
associations
333 In nine families surveyed, the numbers of children per 3.4, 3, 2 DEBBIE BACK-UP
family were 4, 6, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2, 1, and 7. The mean, median, ROSE MIDTERM
and mode numbers of children per family are, respectively: TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
A. 3.4, 2, 3 MD (TOP 5 - 2015
B. 3, 3.4, 2 AUG 2014
C. 3, 3, 2 MED
D. 2, 3.5, 3 BOARDS;
MD)
334 Epidemiology can be defined as the study of: DEBBIE BACK-UP
A. the etiology of disease in humans ROSE MIDTERM
B. the frequency of causes of death in humans TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
C. the determination of causes of death in humans MD (TOP 5 - 2015
D. the distribution and determinants of frequency of AUG 2014
disease in humans MED
E. the patterns of organization and financing of health care BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
335 As a new public health officer, you are tasked with DEBBIE BACK-UP
developing criteria for a disease surveillance system. All ROSE MIDTERM
the following are important purposes for a public health TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
surveillance system, except: MD (TOP 5 - 2015
A. detection of epidermics AUG 2014
B. detection of rare but fatal condition, such as Alzheimer's MED
disease BOARDS;
C. description of trends and the natural history of a health TOPNOTCH
condition MD)
D. evaluation of hypotheses about the occurrence of a
disease
E. evaluation of control and prevention measures
336 The newborn with CMV infection at birth most commonly DEBBIE BACK-UP
presents with: ROSE MIDTERM
A. hepatosplenomegaly TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. hepatitis MD (TOP 5 - 2015
C. thrombocytopenia AUG 2014
D. cerebral calcifications MED
E. no symptoms BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
337 A familial aggregation pattern exists for cancer of all the DEBBIE BACK-UP
following organs, except: ROSE MIDTERM
A. breast TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. retina MD (TOP 5 - 2015
C. colon AUG 2014
D. larynx MED
E. skin BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
338 True statements above osteoarthritis include: DEBBIE BACK-UP
A. It is more than twice as common among women as men ROSE MIDTERM
of the same age TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. The pattern of joint involvement is essentially identical MD (TOP 5 - 2015
in all races among persons of the same age AUG 2014
C. Osteoarthritis is the leading cause of disability in the MED
elderly. BOARDS;
D. Hereditary factors are important in Heberden's nodes. TOPNOTCH
339 Radiologic findings specific for exposure to asbestos DEBBIE BACK-UP
include: ROSE MIDTERM
A. bilateral pulmonary fibrosis TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
B. pulmonary nodules MD (TOP 5 - 2015
C. pleural effusion AUG 2014
D. pleural calcification MED
E. none of the above BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
340 Which of the following statements about the statistics of DEBBIE BACK-UP
suicide is correct? ROSE MIDTERM
A. Compared with other sex-race groups, the mortality TANENGSY, EXAM - FEB
from suicide is highest in black males of all ages. MD (TOP 5 - 2015
B. The incidence of suicide attempts is highers in males AUG 2014
than in females. MED
C. The risk of suicide increases for several months BOARDS;
following divorce, separation, or death of the spouse. TOPNOTCH
D. Suicide rates do not correlate with socioeconomic MD)
status.
341 Which of the following statements about aortic dissection Reference: PrevMed Pre-test, 7th ed. JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
is true? SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. Almost all patients with aortic dissection have elevated MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
serum cholesterol levels (>240 mg/dL) AUG 2014 2015
B. Aortic dissection is the major cause of mortality in MED
Marfan’s syndrome BOARDS;
C. There is increased incidence of aortic dissection in TOPNOTCH
patients with Gaucher’s disease MD)
D. Acute aortic dissection is usually asymptomatic
342 The newborn with CMV infection at birth most commonly Reference: PrevMed Pre-test, 7th ed. JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
presents with: SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. Hepatosplenomegaly MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. Hepatitis AUG 2014 2015
C. Cerebral calcifications MED
D. No symptoms BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
343 Epidemiologic investigation of testicular cancer have Reference: PrevMed Pre-test, 7th ed. JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
shown that: SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. the peak incidence occurs within 1 to 2 years of puberty MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. there is an increased incidence in males with AUG 2014 2015
cryptorchidism MED
C. there is an increased risk in males with a history of BOARDS;
venereal disease TOPNOTCH
D. there is no increased risk in males with a history of MD)
mumps orchitis
344 Reasons to treat gonorrhoea with oral tetracycline 500 mg Reference: PrevMed Pre-test, 7th ed. JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
qid for 7 days — rather than with oral ampicillin 3.5 g plus SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
oral probenecid 1 g taken at one time — include: MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
A. lower frequency of side effects AUG 2014 2015
B. better coverage of Chlamydia trachomatis MED
C. greater safety in case of pregnancy BOARDS;
D. none of the above TOPNOTCH
MD)
345 “The absence of valvular calcification in an adult suggests Reference: PrevMed Pre-test, 7th ed. JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
that severe valvular aortic stenosis is not present.” This SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
statement means that: MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
A. valvular calcification is a sensitive test for severe AUG 2014 2015
valvular aortic stenosis MED
B. valvular calcification is an insensitive test for severe BOARDS;
valvular aortic stenosis TOPNOTCH
C. valvular calcification is a specific test for severe valvular MD)
aortic stenosis
D. valvular calcification is a nonspecific test for severe
valvular aortic stenosis
346 The primary objective of health education is to: JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
A. transfer technology to lay personnel SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
B. impart knowledge MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
C. promote health in general AUG 2014 2015
D. improve health practices MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
347 The initial step in planning for the provision of primary JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
health care services for a community is to: SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. Set the objectives MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. Determine the projected budget AUG 2014 2015
C. Define the health problems MED
D. Decide on what services to provide BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
348 Which of the following active listening skills explores the JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
previous statement of a participant? SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. Direct leading MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. Probing AUG 2014 2015
C. Confrontation MED
D. Perception checking BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
349 Strengths and weaknesses in situational analysis pertain SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
to: Threats) analysis SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. Factors external to the organization Strengths and weaknesses - internal factors MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. Factors internal to the organisation Opportunities and threats - external factors AUG 2014 2015
C. Objectives of the organisation MED
D. Vision and mission statements BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

350 This is an essential health service that is available, JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
accessible, affordable and community-based: SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. Socialized health care MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. Health insurance AUG 2014 2015
C. Primary health care MED
D. Personal care BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
351 At which stage of the family life cycle is there increasing JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
flexibility of boundaries to include children’s SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
independence? MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
A. Family with young children AUG 2014 2015
B. Family with adolescent MED
C. Launching family BOARDS;
D. Family in later years TOPNOTCH
MD)
352 Refer to the given date below for items 232-235: Crude birth rate = # of births / Total population x JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
Based on the Philippine Health Statistics in 2009, the total 1000 SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
population living in the national capital region was MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
11,855,975. The number of live births in the same region AUG 2014 2015
for that year was 211,517, and the number of deaths was MED
75,019. The top 5 leading causes of morbidity were as BOARDS;
follows: 1) Acute respiratory infection - 104,930; 2) Acute TOPNOTCH
lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia - 48,848; MD)
3) Bronchitis/bronchiolitis - 29,260; 4) Hypertension -
28,784; and 5) Acute watery diarrhoea - 27,212.
What is the crude birth rate?
A. 17.84
B. 17.34
C. 16.84
D. 16.34
353 What is the crude death rate? Crude death rate = # of deaths / Total population x JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
A. 5.33 1000 SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
B. 5.93 MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
C. 6.33 AUG 2014 2015
D. 6.93 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
354 What is the incidence rate of acute lower respiratory tract Incidence rate = # of new cases of a disease / JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
infection? population at risk x 1000 SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. 7.25 MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. 7.85 AUG 2014 2015
C. 8.25 MED
D. 8.85 BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
355 What is the incidence rate of Bronchitis/bronchiolitis? JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
A. 2.47 SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
B. 2.67 MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
C. 3.47 AUG 2014 2015
D. 3.67 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
356 A 65 year old male is having his session for physical JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
therapy due to hemiparesis after a cerebrovascular SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
accident. At which stage of the natural history of disease is MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
he in? AUG 2014 2015
A. Stage of susceptibility MED
B. Stage of preclinical disease BOARDS;
C. Stage of clinical disease TOPNOTCH
D. Stage of disease outcome MD)
357 What role is a physician fulfilling when he sees and JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
examines a patient in his clinic, orders lab tests and SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
prescribes medications? MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
A. Health care provider AUG 2014 2015
B. Educator and counsellor MED
C. Social mobilizer BOARDS;
D. Manager TOPNOTCH
MD)
358 The case fatality rate of cholera is currently less than 1 Reference: PrevMed Pre-test, 7th ed. JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
percent. Major factors responsible for this include: SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. treatment with tetracycline or other antibiotics MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. mass immunisation in endemic regions AUG 2014 2015
C. widespread use of intravenous hydration MED
D. chlorination of water supplies in endemic regions BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
359 Chickenpox is associated with: Reference: PrevMed Pre-test, 7th ed. JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
A. Congenital malformations in 10% of offspring of SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
infected mothers MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. A high reinfection rate AUG 2014 2015
C. A long prodromal period MED
D. Reye syndrome BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

360 Prolonged exposure to polyvinyl chlorides in production is Reference: PrevMed Pre-test, 7th ed. JESSICA MAE BACK-UP
associated with each of the following except: SANCHEZ, MIDTERM
A. Raynaud syndrome MD (TOP 4 - EXAM - FEB
B. Lung disease AUG 2014 2015
C. Angiosarcoma of the liver MED
D. Scleroderma like skin changes BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
361 The following are considered dependents and are included All are dependents according to PhilHealth: MAIRRE BACK-UP
in the principal's PhilHealth coverage? Legitimate spouse who is not a member; JAMES MIDTERM
A. Chesca's adopted 18 year old son Unmarried and unemployed legitimate, GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
B. Faye's 55 year old father who suffered from severe legitimated, acknowledged, illegitimate children (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
stroke 2 years ago who still has residuals and legally adopted or stepchildren below twenty- 2013 MED
C. Monchi's 5 year old illegitimate child one (21) years of age; Children who are twenty- BOARDS;
D. A and B one (21) years old or above but suffering from TOPNOTCH
E. All of the above congenital disability, either physical or mental, or MD)
any disability acquired that renders them totally
dependent on the member for support, as
determined by the Corporation; Foster child as
defined in Republic Act 10165 otherwise known
as the Foster Care Act of 2012 ; Parents who are
sixty (60) years old or above, not otherwise an
enrolled member, whose monthly income is below
an amount to be determined by the Corporation in
accordance with the guiding principles set forth in
the Act; and Parents with permanent disability
regardless of age as determined by the
Corporation, that renders them totally dependent
on the member for subsistence. Dr Banzuela's
PhilHealth Primer 2014
362 The following is/are included in the PhilHealth benefits The following are NOT included in the benefit MAIRRE BACK-UP
package? package: non-prescription drugs and devices, JAMES MIDTERM
A. Optometric services drug/alcohol abuse or dependency treatment, GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
B. Out-patient psychotherapy and counseling cosmetic surgery, optometric services, fifth and (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
C. Rehabilitation services subsequent normal obstetrical delivery, cost 2013 MED
D. B and C ineffective procedures which shall be defined by BOARDS;
E. None of the above PhilHealth. RA 9241 which amended RA 7875 now TOPNOTCH
includes normal obstetrical deliveries, out-patient MD)
psychotherapy and counseling for mental
disorders and home & rehabilitation services in
the benefit package Dr Banzuela's PhilHealth
Primer 2014
363 APGAR is an important tool in evaluating a family Growth MAIRRE BACK-UP
member’s perception of family functioning by measuring JAMES MIDTERM
the following parameters EXCEPT? GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
A. Adaptability (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
B. Partnership 2013 MED
C.Generosity BOARDS;
D. Affection TOPNOTCH
E. Resolve MD)
364 The simplest excreta disposal method is: Cat-hole: small hole excavated then feces covered MAIRRE BACK-UP
A. Cat-hole latrine when done; done on emergency cases only; Pit JAMES MIDTERM
B. Pit privy privy: pit dug to a depth of 4-6 ft, riser is provided GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
C. Bored-hole latrine with seat and self closing lid; Bored-hole: deep (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
D. Pail system holes bored into earth using mechanical or manual 2013 MED
E. Water sealed laterine earth boring equipment with cover on top, BOARDS;
sometimes footrests are provided to facilitate TOPNOTCH
squatting Topnotch MD)
365 What herbal medicinal plant can be used to lower uric acid Tsaang gubat used for abdominal pain; Bawang MAIRRE BACK-UP
levels? lowers cholesterol levels; Sambong used for JAMES MIDTERM
A. Tsaang gubat urolithiasis; Niyog niyogan used for ascariasis GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
B. Bawang Topnotch (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
C. Niyog-niyogan 2013 MED
E. Sambong TOPNOTCH
MD)
366 Which is the most important greenhouse gas? Water vapor most important greenhouse gas, any MAIRRE BACK-UP
A. Carbon dioxide increase in global temperature will increase its JAMES MIDTERM
B. Methane concentration Topnotch pg 27 GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
C. Water vapor (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
D. Nitrous oxide 2013 MED
E. Ozone BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
367 The infant mortality rate is a sensitive index of health in Choice B denominator of Perinatal mortality rate; MAIRRE BACK-UP
the community. The denominator of this rate is the: Choice D denominator of Proportionate mortality JAMES MIDTERM
A. number of live births in the year rate; Choice E numerator of infant mortality rate GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
B. number of live births and fetal deaths 28 weeks or more Topnotch pg 2 (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
during the year 2013 MED
C. total number of deaths of ages 1-12 BOARDS;
D. total number of deaths in the year regardless of age TOPNOTCH
E. the number of deaths under 1 year of age MD)

368 Bacteriological examination of water should be done: It should be done as often as possible but the MAIRRE BACK-UP
A. every 3 months interval between testing should not be more than JAMES MIDTERM
B. every 6 months 6 months; other chemical tests should be done GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
C. every 12 months every 12 months Topnotch pg 28 (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
D. as often as possible 2013 MED
E. only once BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
369 In a class of 500 topnotch students, there will likely be a type 1 error: FRIENDZONED (akala mo meron MAIRRE BACK-UP
few who can answer this question correctly without pero wala) #81 Pretest 7th JAMES MIDTERM
understanding the material: GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
A. Lead-time bias (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
B. Surveillance bias 2013 MED
D. Type 1 error TOPNOTCH
E. Power MD)
370 Wokers with occupational exposure to lead include the #231 Pretest 7th MAIRRE BACK-UP
following EXCEPT JAMES MIDTERM
A. battery makers GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
B. prodicers of crystal glass (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
C. coal miners 2013 MED
D. solderers BOARDS;
E. gasoline station attendants TOPNOTCH
MD)
371 As an epidemiologist you are asked to recommend the type #21 Pretest 7th MAIRRE BACK-UP
of study appropriate to the needs of the researchers who JAMES MIDTERM
would like to study the causes of a rare form of glycogen GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
storage disease. They have discovered a registry of the (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
disease and have access to a large database of patients, 2013 MED
which unfortunately is only a few years old. They have BOARDS;
funding for only 1 year from the National Institutes of TOPNOTCH
Health and the budget will be limited What type of study MD)
design will you recommend?
A. Cohort (prospective)
B. Historical cohort
C. Cross-sectional
D. Experimental
E. Case-control (retrospective)
372 In a previously well 35-year-old man with 3 h of severe, #63 Pretest 7th MAIRRE BACK-UP
crushing, substernal pain and 5 mm of acute ST elevation JAMES MIDTERM
in leads V2 to V4 application of Bayesian reasoning would GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
indicate that (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
A. He is likely to have a non-atherosclerotic form of 2013 MED
coronary heart disease BOARDS;
B. He is likely to have a serum cholesterol above 9 mmol/L TOPNOTCH
(326 mg/dl) MD)
C. He is likely to be having an acute myocardial infarction.
D. An elevated level of creatine kinase MB isozyme is likely
to be a false positive
E. Measurement of creatine kinase MB enzymes would not
be a vey sensitive test
373 What statistical analysis will you use for the comparison of #67 Pretest 7th MAIRRE BACK-UP
systolic blood pressures in independent samples of JAMES MIDTERM
diabetics and non-diabetics GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
A. Chi-square analysis (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
B. Student t test 2013 MED
C. Paired t test BOARDS;
D. Analysis of variance TOPNOTCH
E. Linear regression MD)
374 Correct statements concerning upper respiratory #151 Pretest 7th MAIRRE BACK-UP
infections include which of the following? JAMES MIDTERM
A. Summertime outbreaks of illness characterized by fever, GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
pharyngitis, and conjunctivitis have most frequently been (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
associated with paramyxovirus infection 2013 MED
B. Treatment with penicillin hastens recovery in children BOARDS;
with streptococcal pharyngitis TOPNOTCH
C. Patients with viral upper respiratory infections are MD)
generally most infectious the day before their symptoms
begin
D. The most common identifiable cause of pharyngitis is
adenovirus
375 Measles, shigellosis, scabies #284 Pretest 7th MAIRRE BACK-UP
A. Bacterial infections JAMES MIDTERM
B. Zoonoses GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
C. Person-to-person spread (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
D. Viral infections 2013 MED
E. Arthropod-borne infections BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

376 The following are measures of location in distribution SD is a measure of DISPERSION MAIRRE BACK-UP
curves EXCEPT? JAMES MIDTERM
A. Median GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
B. Mode (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
C. Mean 2013 MED
D. Standard deviation BOARDS;
MD)
377 During a drinking session, you and your friends decided to Nominal - no intrinsic order; Ordinal - ordered but MAIRRE BACK-UP
taste test ten foreign beers and rank them from most to not quantitatively; Interval - ordered JAMES MIDTERM
least flavorful. What type of measurement scale is being quantitatively but cannot be divided to each other GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
described? since there is no intrinsic zero to the scale; Ratio - (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
A. Dichotomous scale clear zero point, can be divided 2013 MED
B. Nominal scale BOARDS;
C. Ordinal scale TOPNOTCH
D. Interval scale MD)
E. Ratio scale
378 Sewer workers are exposed to which hazardous substance #314 Pretest 7th MAIRRE BACK-UP
in their workplace? JAMES MIDTERM
A. Silica dust GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
B. Carbon monoxide (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
C. Vinyl acetate 2013 MED
D. Hydrogen sulfide BOARDS;
E. Asbestos TOPNOTCH
MD)
379 PhilHealth derives its funds from which of the following? Philhealth has the following sources of funds: MAIRRE BACK-UP
A. Premiums Premiums, grants and donations, investment JAMES MIDTERM
B. Sin taxes earnings and sin taxes Dr Banzuela's PhilHealth GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
C. Investment earnings Primer 2014 (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
D. A and B 2013 MED
TOPNOTCH
MD)
380 Gardners: #307 Pretest 7th MAIRRE BACK-UP
A. COPD JAMES MIDTERM
B. Psittacosis GADDI, MD EXAM - FEB
C. Sporotrichosis (TOP 4 - AUG 2015
D. Histoplasmosis 2013 MED
E. Byssinosis BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
381 Which parameter in the family APGAR is used to assess the SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM SCOTT BACK-UP
satisfaction of a member with the time spent by other CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE. RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
members with him/her? MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
A. Adaptation AUG 2014 2015
B. Partnership MED
C. Growth BOARDS;
D. Affection TOPNOTCH
E. Resolve MD)
382 According to our local rules and regulations, the birth SCOTT BACK-UP
certificate should be filed at the local registrar within how RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
main hours/days from birth? MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
A. 24 hours AUG 2014 2015
B. 48 hours MED
C. 7 days BOARDS;
D. 14 days TOPNOTCH
E. 30 days MD)
383 The death certificate should be filed at the local registrar In cases of epidemics, the death certificate may be SCOTT BACK-UP
within how many days from death? filed within 5 days. RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. 24 hours MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. 48 hours AUG 2014 2015
C. 5 days MED
D. 7 days BOARDS;
E. 14 days TOPNOTCH
MD)
384 Which of the following family assessment tools is used to SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM SCOTT BACK-UP
assess the relationships between family members, CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
including the rigidity or flexibility of the boundaries MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
between them? AUG 2014 2015
A. Family genogram MED
B. Family map BOARDS;
C. SCREEM analysis TOPNOTCH
D. FACES scale MD)
E. APGAR scoring
385 Which of the following family assessment tools is used to SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM SCOTT BACK-UP
identify resources that may aid in the holistic management CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
of the diseased member in the family? MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
A. Family map AUG 2014 2015
B. Family lifeline MED
C. SCREEM analysis BOARDS;
D. FACES scale TOPNOTCH
E. APGAR scoring MD)

386 Which of the following industries is most exposed to SCOTT BACK-UP
ergonomic problems? RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. Manufacturing MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. Agriculture AUG 2014 2015
C. Transportation MED
D. Mining BOARDS;
E. Academe TOPNOTCH
MD)
387 When constructing emergency sanitary pits, they must SCOTT BACK-UP
made at least how many meters away from sources of RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
clean water? MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
A. 10 m AUG 2014 2015
B. 20 m MED
C. 25 m BOARDS;
D. 50 m TOPNOTCH
E. 100 m MD)
388 Who among the following is not considered dependents of Dependents of PhilHealth: Legitimate spouse, SCOTT BACK-UP
an individually-paying member of PhilHealth? children below 21 years old, children above 21 RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. His legal spouse years old with disability, parents above 60 years MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. His 19-year old daughter old, parents below 60 years old with permanent AUG 2014 2015
C. His 62-year old father disability MED
D. His 55-year old mother suffering from cataract BOARDS;
E. His 24-year old son with Down syndrome TOPNOTCH
MD)
389 Medical students enrolled in a first-year anatomy class are Prev Med 7th ed. #83 SCOTT BACK-UP
more likely to remain at their same addresses for the next RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
2 years than medical students enrolled in fourth-year MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
clerkship. This exemplifies which type of bias? AUG 2014 2015
A. Lead-time bias MED
B. Surveillance bias BOARDS;
C. Recall bias TOPNOTCH
D. Type I error MD)
E. Power
390 Which of the following statements about emphysema is Prev Med 7th ed. #172 SCOTT BACK-UP
correct? RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. There is a definitive clinical diagnosis of the disease MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. The majority of persons with emphysema are AUG 2014 2015
asymptomatic. MED
C. Flow rates on pulmonary function tests resemble those BOARDS;
seen in bronchitis TOPNOTCH
D. It is equally prevalent in light and heavy smokers MD)
E. It is associated with chronic inhalation of coal dust
391 Epidemiologic investigations of testicular cancer have Prev Med 7th ed. #209 SCOTT BACK-UP
shown that: RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. The peak incidence occurs within 1-2 years of puberty MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. There is an increased incidence in males with AUG 2014 2015
cryptoorchidism MED
C. There is an increased risk in males with a history of BOARDS;
venereal disease TOPNOTCH
D. There is an increased incidence in males with a family MD)
history of breast cancer
E. All of the above are true
392 Preventive treatment with isoniazid is recommended for Prev Med 7th ed. #343. Preventive treatment is SCOTT BACK-UP
all the following groups except: recommended for children and young adults RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. Young adults in whom a positive tuberculin test is whose tuberculin tests are positive, for those who MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
demonstrated have had contact with persons who have recently AUG 2014 2015
B. Children under age 3 in whom a positive tuberculin test converted to tuberculin positivity, and for MED
is demonstrated immunosuppressed persons whose tuberculin BOARDS;
C. All members of a household in which one member has tests are positive. It is only used for people with TOPNOTCH
an active case of tuberculosis inactive TB--that is, TB without evidence of MD)
D. Children with atypical mycobacterial infection disease.
E. Nursing mothers with positive tuberculin skin tests
393 Reasons to treat gonorrhea with oral tetracycle 500 mg qid Prev Med 7th ed. #345 SCOTT BACK-UP
for 7 days--rather than with oral ampicillin 3.5 g plus oral RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
probenicid 1 g taken at one time--include: MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
A. Lower frequency of side effects AUG 2014 2015
B. Better coverage fo Chlamydia trachomatis MED
C. Greater safety in case of pregnancy BOARDS;
D. Enhanced compliance TOPNOTCH
E. None of the above MD)
394 Use of postmenopausal estrogens has been consistenly Prev Med 7th ed. #363 SCOTT BACK-UP
associated with: RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. An increased risk of endometrial cancer MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. A decreased risk of breast cancer AUG 2014 2015
C. An increased risk of osteoporotic fractures MED
D. An increased risk of coronary heart disease BOARDS;
E. An increased incidence of liver cancer TOPNOTCH
MD)

395 Clinical findings of dwarfism, hepatosplenomegaly and Prev Med 7th ed. #396 SCOTT BACK-UP
poor wound healing are associated with deficiency in RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
which of the following minerals? MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
A. Fluorine AUG 2014 2015
B. Copper MED
C. Zinc BOARDS;
D. Sodium TOPNOTCH
E. Calcium MD)
396 The occurrence of a group of illnesses of similar nature at a Prev Med 7th ed. #50 SCOTT BACK-UP
rate above the expected number is called: RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. Hyperendemic MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. Epidemic AUG 2014 2015
C. Endemic MED
D. Enzootic BOARDS;
E. Pandemic TOPNOTCH
MD)
397 Decision analyses often include a patient's utilities in the Prev Med 7th ed. #64 SCOTT BACK-UP
determination of best decision. These utilities measure: RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. Whether a patient facors one decision over another MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. Whether a physician facors one decision over another AUG 2014 2015
C. The difference between a patient's decision and the MED
physician's decision BOARDS;
D. The relative value a patient places on a particular TOPNOTCH
outcome MD)
E. The relative likelihood of a particular outcome
398 Which of the following best describes a sampling strategy Prev Med 7th ed. #89 SCOTT BACK-UP
used to achieve comparability of the groups being studied? RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
A. Matching MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
B. Stratification AUG 2014 2015
C. Age adjustment MED
D. Multivariate analysis BOARDS;
E. Survival analysis TOPNOTCH
MD)
399 In Barangay Bughaw, there was a reported total of 28 Case fatality rate = number of deaths from a SCOTT BACK-UP
cases of dengue for the year 2013. Among these, 7 died. specified cause / number of cases of the same RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
The total population of the barangay for 2013 was 1,000. disease MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
What is the case fatality rate for dengue for this barangay AUG 2014 2015
in the year 2013? MED
A. 25% BOARDS;
B. 0.7% TOPNOTCH
C. 2.8% MD)
D. 15%
E. 28%
400 In the 2013 census of Barangay Berde, it was reported to Infant mortality rate = deaths under 1 year of age SCOTT BACK-UP
have a total population of 2,500, with 150 live births and / number of live births for the same year RILEY ONG, MIDTERM
75 deaths. Among those who died, 15 were infants below 1 MD (TOP 5 - EXAM - FEB
year of age. What is the infant mortality rate for this AUG 2014 2015
barangay in 2013? MED
A. 0.6% BOARDS;
B. 10% TOPNOTCH
C. 20% MD)
D. 3.0%
E. 6.0%
401 In the Philippine Health Picture,this is shown as the JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
leading cause of mortality: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Vehicular accidents III, MD (TOP 2014
B. Neoplastic Diseases 8 - FEB 2014
C. Malnutrition MED
D. Communicable diseases BOARDS;
E. Cardiovascular diseases TOPNOTCH
MD)
402 In the Philippines, the agency tasked to coordinate all JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
nutrition related activities of the government and private MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
sectors is the: III, MD (TOP 2014
A. National Nutrition Council 8 - FEB 2014
B. DOH's Nutrition Service MED
C. Nutrition Center of the Philippines BOARDS;
D. Department of Science and Technology TOPNOTCH
E. Food and Drug Administration MD)
403 Living bodies that harbor,sustain and maintain the growth JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
and multiplication of the infectious agent are: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Chain of transmission III, MD (TOP 2014
B. Etiologic agents 8 - FEB 2014
C. Reservoir of infection MED
D. Causative agents BOARDS;
MD)

404 The most appropriate strategy for teaching the signs and JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
symptoms of dehydration to Community Health Workers: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Typewritten handouts on the sign and symptoms of III, MD (TOP 2014
dehydration 8 - FEB 2014
B. Simulation or field observation MED
C. Lectures BOARDS;
D. Examination TOPNOTCH
E. Demonstration-return demonstration MD)
405 Most permanent method for the control of rodent: Rehabilitation of the environment means non- JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
A. Fumigation chemical means of control like sanitation, MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
B. Natural enemies mechanical blocks & sealing/exclusion of holes III, MD (TOP 2014
C. Poisons 8 - FEB 2014
D. Rehabilitation MED
E. Mechanical Traps BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
406 If the infant mortality of a community is 53/1,000 live JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
births,this means: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. 53 out of 1,000 persons in the community were infant III, MD (TOP 2014
deaths 8 - FEB 2014
B. 53 babies die before reaching their first birthday MED
C. 53 out of 1,000 babies born alive died during infancy BOARDS;
D. 53% of all deaths are infants TOPNOTCH
E. 53% die of a specific disease before reaching 28 days MD)
407 Statistics of disease frequency in a community are usually JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
or routinely obtained from: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Reports of disease occurrence only III, MD (TOP 2014
B. Registration of deaths only 8 - FEB 2014
C. Morbidity/mortality surveys MED
D. Reports of disease occurrence and registration of death BOARDS;
E. Census of deaths from the NSO TOPNOTCH
MD)
408 The objectives of family planning education is difficult to JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
achieve because of the following,EXCEPT: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. It has to contend with one of the strongest human III, MD (TOP 2014
urges 8 - FEB 2014
B. Only negative effects can be demonstrated MED
C. The subject is generally very private to Filipinos BOARDS;
D. Many cultural obstacle TOPNOTCH
E. All of the above MD)
409 One of the cheapest and most useful chemical disinfectant JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
for human excreta is: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. DDT III, MD (TOP 2014
B. Lime 8 - FEB 2014
C. Bichloride MED
D. Phenol BOARDS;
E. Chlorine TOPNOTCH
MD)
410 The development of neuropathic symptoms is associated Associate mercury poisoning (choice D) with JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
with chronic exposure to all of the following (depending upon the route of exposure) GI MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
substances,EXCEPT: disturbance, pneumonitis, renal failure, and CNS III, MD (TOP 2014
A. Mercury involvement. Sulfur dioxide - due to combustion 8 - FEB 2014
B. Lead of fossil fuels. Forms sulfurous acid on contact MED
C. Arsenic with moist mucous membranes - conj and BOARDS;
D. Sulfur dioxide bronchial irritation, epistaxis, delayed pulmo TOPNOTCH
E. Cadmium edeme. no neuropathy MD)
411 Primary Health Care team is composed of: JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
A. Interdisciplinary Composition of Community MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
B. Office of Secretary of Health III, MD (TOP 2014
C. Provincial Health Officer and Staff 8 - FEB 2014
D. Municipal Health Officer and Staff MED
E. Local Government Officials BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
412 The following are examples of secondary level of JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
prevention,EXCEPT: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Disease detection III, MD (TOP 2014
B. Disease reporting 8 - FEB 2014
C. Specific protection MED
D. A and B BOARDS;
MD)
413 A group that is least vulnerable to anemia: JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
A. Pre-schooler MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
B. Lactating woman III, MD (TOP 2014
C. Normal neonates up to 3 months 8 - FEB 2014
D. Pregnant woman MED
E. Elderly BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

414 Factors to consider in choosing the method of data JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
collection include the following,EXCEPT: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Probability of good coverage III, MD (TOP 2014
B. Availability of time and facilities 8 - FEB 2014
C. Acceptability of the procedure/method to the subjects MED
D. Need for personal skill BOARDS;
E. Financial capability TOPNOTCH
MD)
415 Because of his inherent weakness, this method is not Registration data( e.g. voters, drivers, etc) are JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
utilized in the collection of scientific data: subject to inaccuracy of certain details about MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Census persons. Disease registers however are accurate III, MD (TOP 2014
B. Questionnaire method data. 8 - FEB 2014
C. Registration method MED
D. Case record method BOARDS;
MD)
416 Niyog-niyogan is a plant whose seeds are used for the herba buena - fever, niyog-niyogan - ascaris, JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
treatment of: bayabas - antibacterial, bawang - hpn, -ampalaya - MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Diarrhea diabetes, sambong - diuretic, lagundi - cough, III, MD (TOP 2014
B. Ascariasis tsaang gubat - diarrhea, akapulko - skin diseases, 8 - FEB 2014
C. Intestinal colic ulasimang bato - gout MED
D. Fever BOARDS;
E. Wound infection TOPNOTCH
MD)
417 Prevention of neonatal tetanus includes the following JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
measures,EXCEPT: MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. Community immunization programs for women of III, MD (TOP 2014
reproductive age 8 - FEB 2014
B. Immunize newborn at birth MED
C. Training midwives and traditional birth attendants BOARDS;
D. Maternal immunization TOPNOTCH
E. Immediate immunization of trauma wound MD)
418 If 300 mothers die during the time when there is a total of JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
1,000,000 pregnancies,the maternal mortality rate is : MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
A. 3/1000 III, MD (TOP 2014
B. 30/1000 8 - FEB 2014
C. 0.3/1000 MED
D. 0.1% BOARDS;
E. 30% TOPNOTCH
MD)
419 Which of the following statements describing the risk of contraindicated in those >35 and smoking, JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
death from simultaneous smoking and the use of oral 180/110 BP, >20 years diabetic, MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
contraceptives is true: III, MD (TOP 2014
A. A 39-year old non-smoker taking oral contraceptives is 8 - FEB 2014
at greater risk than a 30-years old smoker taking the same MED
contraceptives. BOARDS;
B. Smoking increases the risk of death of all women of any TOPNOTCH
age who are using contraceptives MD)
C. Smoking does not increase the risk of death in a women
taking oral contraceptives unless than years of age
D. Women under age 20 years and those over age 40
years who smoke and take oral contraceptives are the two
groups at the greatest risk
E. All of the above
420 The following is NOT a side effect of DPT immunization: JOSE CARLO DIAGNOSTIC
A. abscess MASANGKAY EXAM - AUG
B. seizures III, MD (TOP 2014
C. rashes 8 - FEB 2014
D. fever MED
E. No exception BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
421 Randomization is a procedure used for assignment of The technique in prev med is repeated SERIOUS WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
subjects to treatment and control groups in experimental and SYSTEMATIC reading of the Prev Med Pretest ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
studies. This ensures: (at least the 7th ed). Familiarize [if REALLY not MD (TOP 3 - 2014
A. That treatment and control groups are similar in all memorize] yourself closely to both the questions FEB 2014
respects except treatment and answers in the 1st 3 chapters. They would MED
B. That placebo effects are eliminated sometimes change some words or shuffle the BOARDS;
C. That bias in observations is reduced choices, but they will basically be the same. This is TOPNOTCH
D. That assignment occurs by chance your chance to improve your overall grade so MD)
E. None of the above don't miss it!
422 A Filipino gets benefits from the Philhealth insurance if he Philhealth is a must know topic. An OFW can also WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
has: benefit from Philhealth if he has complied with the ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. A condition which requires a minor surgical procedure required annual contributions. MD (TOP 3 - 2014
on OPD basis provided that the 45-day allowance for room FEB 2014
and board has not been consumed yet. MED
B. He is confined in an accredited hospital for not less BOARDS;
than 24 hours due to any condition requiring TOPNOTCH
hospitalization. MD)
C. At least 3 monthly contributions within the immediate
6 months prior to the month of hospitalization.
D. None of the above
E. All of the above

423 A characteristic demographic feature of rheumatoid WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
arthritis is an incidence ratio of 1:3 that applies to: ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. Male:female MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. Blacks:whites FEB 2014
C. Rural:urban dwellers MED
D. Rich:poor BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
424 Which of the following 60-year old patients is most likely Hypertension is the major risk factor for stroke, WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
to have a stroke within a year? and treatment of high BP is the most effective way ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. A male smoker of preventing it. Other risks include smoking, MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. A man with hypertension vascular disease, TIAs, and DM. FEB 2014
C. A man with an asymptomatic carotid bruit MED
D. A woman with a recent TIA BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
425 Which herbal medicinal plant is used to treat ascariasis? Akapulko is effective against scabies, tinea, WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
A. Akapulko athlete's foot, and ringworm. Ulasimang bato is ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
B. Niyog-niyogan used to improve hyperuricemia, whereas yerba MD (TOP 3 - 2014
C. Ulasimang bato buena is for rheumatism. FEB 2014
D. Yerba buena MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
426 The management principle which aims to strengthen the At least 2 questions were about management WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
sense of unity and cohesion among the people in the principles. Unity of command means that a person ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
organization is: should receive orders from only one superior and MD (TOP 3 - 2014
A. Unity of command that he is accountable only to that superior. Unity FEB 2014
B. Unity of direction of direction, meanwhile, means there should be a MED
C. Scalar chain single plan of action for a group of activities BOARDS;
D. Esprit de corps having the same objective and that there is one TOPNOTCH
manager to supervise them. MD)
427 Passive immunization is the major means of prevention of Passive immunization is the provision of WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
which of the following diseases? antibodies that are pre-formed rather than of ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. Influenza antigens, which are used for active immunization MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. German measles (to activate the body to make its own antibodies). FEB 2014
C. Mumps MED
D. Hepatitis A BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
428 All of the following techniques are considered useful in The objective of cancer screening is to detect the WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
screening for screening in asymptomatic persons except disease while the patient is still asymptomatic. ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
for: This is helpful only if early intervention is more MD (TOP 3 - 2014
A. Mammography in a 45-year old woman effective than late treatment. Detection of lung CA FEB 2014
B. Breast examination is a 45-year old woman with radiography in asymptomatic smokers does MED
C. Pap smear in a 55-year old female smoker not meet this requirement. BOARDS;
D. Chest radiography in a 55-year old male smoker TOPNOTCH
MD)
429 What vitamin is probably deficient in a patient suffering Scurvy due to vitamin C deficiency is characterized WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
from sore gums, petechiae, hematuria and bone or joint by pain and tenderness of the extremities, ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
pains? irritability, and hemorrhagic phenomena, all the MD (TOP 3 - 2014
A. Thiamine result of defective formation of collagen. FEB 2014
B. Riboflavin MED
C. Vitamin C BOARDS;
D. Vitamin D TOPNOTCH
MD)
430 This is a sampling procedure ensuring that each individual *READ EVEN THE MATCHING TYPE SECTIONS OF WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
of the total group has an equal chance of being selected: ALL 1st 3 CHAPTERS (PreTest). Simple random ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. Systematic sampling sampling is a process in which individuals are MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. Paired sampling sampled independently, and each individual of the FEB 2014
C. Simple random sampling population has an equal probability of being MED
D. Cluster sampling selected. BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
431 All of the following statement about meta-analysis are true WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
except: ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. It is a study in which the units of analysis are MD (TOP 3 - 2014
populations or groups of people, rather than individuals. FEB 2014
B. It is used to enhance the statistical power of research MED
findings where numbers in available studies are too small. BOARDS;
C. It combines results from different studies to obtain a TOPNOTCH
numerical estimate of an overall effect MD)
D. It is meant to be more objective and quantitative than
a narrative review.
E.
432 The most important single test to determine if water is Bacteriological water test is ideally routinely done WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
potentially dangerous is: and aims to detect presence of coliforms or ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. Physical test potentially harmful microorganisms that are MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. Chemical test supposedly not present in water for consumption. FEB 2014
C. Radiation test Radiologic test is only done when there is MED
D. Bacteriologic test suspicion of contamination. BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

433 Chickenpox is associated with: Reye syndrome is a major cause of morbidity in WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
A. Congenital malformations in 10% of offspring of children if they are given aspirin in the course of ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
infected mothers infection. There is no reinfection (life-long MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. A high reinfection rate immunity), but reactivation in the form of shingles FEB 2014
C. A long prodromal period (zoster). Malformations from gestational MED
D. Reye syndrome chickenpox exposure are very rare. The incubation BOARDS;
period is long, lasting up to 3 weeks, but the TOPNOTCH
prodromal period is short. MD)
434 What is the most common site of nosocomial infections? Infections of the surgical wounds are the second WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
A. Urinary tract most common nosocomial infection, followed by ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
B. Surgical wound infections of the lower respiratory tract and blood MD (TOP 3 - 2014
C. Respiratory tract stream. FEB 2014
D. Blood stream MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
435 Among patients with intermittent claudication, all the WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
following statements are true except: ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. About 50% eventually require amputation if they do MD (TOP 3 - 2014
not undergo vascular reconstruction. FEB 2014
B. The leading cause of death is coronary heardt disease. MED
C. About 50% have significant coronary artery disease at BOARDS;
the time of presentation. TOPNOTCH
D. Cigarette smoking is the most powerful risk factor. MD)
436 Characteristic signs or symptoms of kwashiorkor include WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
all the following except: ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. Hypoalbuminemia MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. Loss of subcuatenous fat FEB 2014
C. Edema MED
D. Diarrhea BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
437 Which of the following arthritides is often iatrogenic? Gout is caused by deposition of rate crystals in WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
A. Osteoarthritis joint. It is always associated with hyperuricemia, ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
B. Rheumatoid arthritis which is commonly caused by diuretic therapy MD (TOP 3 - 2014
C. Gout used in the treatment of hypertension or heart FEB 2014
D. Sarcoid arthritis failure. It can also be idiopathic (caused by either MED
E. None of the above overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid) or BOARDS;
associated with underlying malignancy or renal TOPNOTCH
disease. MD)
438 To which of the following hazardous compounds is a brake Hydrogen sulfide = sewer worker; silica dust = WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
mechanic most likely exposed? potter, glass manufacturer; carbon monoxide = arc ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. Asbestos welder. MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. Vinyl chloride FEB 2014
C. Hydrogen sulfide MED
D. Silica dust BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
439 The major environmental source of lead absorbed in the Although most lead intake in humans is from WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
human blood stream in adults is: ingestion of lead-contaminated food - about 0.1 ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
A. Air mg of lead is ingested daily - the amount of lead MD (TOP 3 - 2014
B. Water that is absorbed through inhalation of FEB 2014
C. Lead-based paint contaminated air is more significant because up to MED
D. Food 50% of inhaled lead is absorbed and circulated in BOARDS;
E. None of the above the body. TOPNOTCH
MD)
440 Dentist: Questions in the exam can be as SIMPLE and as WEBSTER MIDTERM 1
A. Syphilis SHORT as this one. This asks for the infection that ALINDOG, EXAM - AUG
B. Hepatitis B a dentist could probably contract because of his MD (TOP 3 - 2014
C. Brucellosis practice. FEB 2014
D. Sporotrichosis MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
441 The time interval between entry of an Hepatitis B virus The incubation period is the duration of time of JULIET MIDTERM 2
into host and the onset of symptoms is called: time between exposure to an infectious agent and KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. Preinfectious period the appearance of the first manifestation of the EVANGELIST 2014
B. Window period disease. A, MD (TOP 9
C. Communicable period - FEB 2014
D. Incubation period MED
E. Noncontagious period BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
442 Dr. J will conduct a research about the prevalence of Systematic sampling is a process that first requires JULIET MIDTERM 2
vaping and its effects to blood pressure measurements and the arrangement of the group to be sampled in KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
pulse rates of call center agents in Quezon City. Individuals some kind of order. Then individuals are selected EVANGELIST 2014
are initilally assembled according to some order in a group systematically throghout the series on the basis of A, MD (TOP 9
and then individuals are selected according to a constant a predetrmined sampling fraction or constant - FEB 2014
determinant, every third of the subject. The Sampling that determinant, for example, every 3rd, 4th, 5th in MED
is used by Dr. J is: the ordered group. BOARDS;
A. Systematic sampling TOPNOTCH
B. Simple random sampling MD)
C. Cluster sampling
D. Stratified sampling
E. Paired sampling

443 In the study about the cause of a disease, the essential In experimental studies, the investigators JULIET MIDTERM 2
difference between an experimental study and an determine exposure of the study and control KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
observational study is that the experimental investigation: groups to a suspected causal factor and measure EVANGELIST 2014
A. The study is retrospective responses in the two groups. In observational A, MD (TOP 9
B. The is study is prospective studies, investigators have no control over - FEB 2014
C. The study and control groups are of equal size exposure to a suspected causal factor but can MED
D. The study and control groups are selected on the basis measure responses in those who are and are not BOARDS;
of history of exposure to the suspected causal factor exposed. TOPNOTCH
E. The investigators determine who is and is not exposed MD)
to the suspected causal factor
444 What is the appropriate epidemiologic term for this Surveillance bias refers to overdetection of the JULIET MIDTERM 2
statement: The likelihood of finding a lost biochemistry disease of interest because one of the groups goes KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
notebook in your apartment is higher in the month of June to the doctor more often than does another group. EVANGELIST 2014
than in the month of March? Similarly, you are more likely to find something A, MD (TOP 9
A. Type 1 Error that is lost in June (when you may be moving) than - FEB 2014
B. Lead Time Bias in March, when you are presumably in the middle MED
C. Surveillance Bias of the term. BOARDS;
D. Recall Bias TOPNOTCH
E. Type II Error MD)
445 A study of patterns of contraceptive use finds that The ecologic fallacy occurs when associations JULIET MIDTERM 2
countries with the highest per capita use of condoms also among groups of subjects are mistakenly assumed KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
have the highest pregnancy rates and concludes that to hold for individuals. Thus, although among EVANGELIST 2014
condoms are ineffective as ocntraceptives. It is best communities high rates of condom use may be A, MD (TOP 9
described as: associated with higher fertility rates among those - FEB 2014
A. Ecologic fallacy who use the condoms, the fertility rate could be in MED
B. Type I Error fact be zero. BOARDS;
C. Type II Error TOPNOTCH
D. Selection Bias MD)
E. Misclassification bias
446 Which of the following measures is used frequently as a Person-years of observation are frequently used in JULIET MIDTERM 2
denominator to calculate the incidence rate of a disease? the denominator of incidence rates and provide a KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. Persons lost to folow-up method of dealing with variable follow-up periods. EVANGELIST 2014
B. Person-years of observation Person-years of observation simultaneously taken A, MD (TOP 9
C. Number of cases observed into account the number of persons into account - FEB 2014
D. Number of new cases observed the number of persons under observation and the MED
E. Number of asymptomatic cases duration of observation of each person. BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
447 In nosocomial infections, pathogenic microorganisms are Transmission of bacteria from patient to patient JULIET MIDTERM 2
most oftenly transmitted by: most often occurs by hands of hospital personnel. KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. Airborne matter Fomites, indwelling catheters, airborne EVANGELIST 2014
B. Exposure to common source transmission, common-source exposure do occur A, MD (TOP 9
C. Direct contact by hands but much less important than direct spread. - FEB 2014
D. Indwelling catheters MED
E. Fomites BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
448 Asthmatic attacks are usually precipitated by several Acute episodes of asthma have been associated JULIET MIDTERM 2
factors. All of the following are clearly associated with with a variety of triggers, including dust, animal KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
acute episodes of Asthma except: dander, respiratory infections, ozone pollution, EVANGELIST 2014
A. Emotional stress aspirin and emotional factors. Asthma is A, MD (TOP 9
B. Aspirin characterized by increased responsiveness of - FEB 2014
C. Caffeinated beverages airways to these stimule. Caffeine is a MED
D. Upper respiratory infections methylxanthine related to theophylline and is a BOARDS;
E. Elevated ozone concentrations low-potency bronchodilator. TOPNOTCH
MD)
449 Correct statements about obesity include all the following Obesity is a major risk factor for NIDDM but it is JULIET MIDTERM 2
except: relatively unimportant as a risk factor for KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. Genetic factors contribute to obesity coronary heart disease except at extremes of the EVANGELIST 2014
B. Obesity is the major risk factor for coronary heart weight distribution. A, MD (TOP 9
disease - FEB 2014
C. Sedentariness appears to be the most important cause MED
of obesity in Western populations BOARDS;
D. A woman whose body fat is greater than 30% of her TOPNOTCH
total body mass MD)
450 All of the following patients are at an increased risk of Folate deficiency can occur because of insufficient JULIET MIDTERM 2
folate deficiency compared with the general population intake in the diet, because eof malabsorption, or KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
except: because of increased needs for the vitamin. Folate EVANGELIST 2014
A. 22 year-old woman who is a strict vegetarian is found in green leafy vegetables; strict A, MD (TOP 9
B. 22 year-old man with thalassemia vegetarians are at increased risk of deficiency of - FEB 2014
C. 55 year-old woman on hemodialysis cobalamin which is found in meats. MED
D. 65 year-old man who drinks a quart of gin daily BOARDS;
E. 40 year-old man with tropical sprue TOPNOTCH
MD)
451 All of the following are true statements about tuberculosis The time from development of a positive skin test JULIET MIDTERM 2
except: is not 6 months but it is between 2 and 8 weeks. KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. The causative agents of human tuberculosis include EVANGELIST 2014
Mycobacterium bovis A, MD (TOP 9
B. The primary infection is often asymptomatic - FEB 2014
C. Humans are the only reservoir of Mycobacterium MED
tuberculosis BOARDS;
D. HIV infection is an independent risk factor for the TOPNOTCH
development of active tuberculosis MD)
E. The time from infection to the development of a
positive tuberculin skin test averages 6 months

452 The most common asbestos-related tumor in humans is: Mesotheliomas of the pleural and peritoneal JULIET MIDTERM 2
A. Bronchogenic carcinoma surfaces are the classic asbestos-related tumors KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
B. Carcinoma of the colon because they are rarely seen in persons never EVANGELIST 2014
C. Laryngeal carcinoma esposed to asbestos. It is important to realize that A, MD (TOP 9
D. Pleural mesothelioma in persons with asbestosis, however, the principal - FEB 2014
E. Peritoneal mesothelioma cause of death is bronchogenic carcinoma. MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
453 Diseases that are transmitted chiefly from person-to- Meningococcal disease is transmitted by direct JULIET MIDTERM 2
person include: contact with droplets and discharges from infected KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. St. Louis encephalitis cases and, more often, carriers. The others are EVANGELIST 2014
B. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis diseases in which the causative virus is mosquito- A, MD (TOP 9
C. California encephalitis transmitted. - FEB 2014
D. Meningococcal meningitis MED
TOPNOTCH
MD)
454 Which of the following statements about the use of Nicotine-containing chewing gum is a useful JULIET MIDTERM 2
nicotine-containing chewing gum to help cigarette adjunct in helping smokers to quit. It is most KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
smokers quit smoking is true? successful in smokers who report high levels of EVANGELIST 2014
A. Its success is unrelated to the degree of nicotine addiction. A, MD (TOP 9
addiction - FEB 2014
B. It is most successful in persons with high levels of MED
addiction to nicotine BOARDS;
C. It is most successful in persons who are not addicted to TOPNOTCH
nicotine MD)
D. It is most successful in persons with low levels of
addiction to nicotine
E. It is most successful in persons with moderate levels of
addiction to nicotine
455 Prevention and control of infection in a hospital setting Prospective surveillance programs are much more JULIET MIDTERM 2
include all the following except: valuable in determining if nosocomial infections KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. Retrospective surveillance of nosocomial infections of have occurred than retrospective surveillance. EVANGELIST 2014
patients A, MD (TOP 9
B. Employment of practitioners of infection control - FEB 2014
C. Investigation of epidemic and endemic infections MED
D. Isolation of patients with communicable disease BOARDS;
E. A physician who serves as a hospital epidemiologist TOPNOTCH
MD)
456 Which of the following prenatal screening tests is Universal screening for Hepatitis B surface antigen JULIET MIDTERM 2
recommended for all pregnant women? (HBsAg) in pregnant women is based on evidence KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. Hemoglobin electrophoresis that early treatment of the newborn with Hepatitis EVANGELIST 2014
B. HIV antibody B immune globulin and subsequent vaccination is A, MD (TOP 9
C. Ultrasound 85-95% effective in preventing development of - FEB 2014
D. Hepatitis B surface antigen the chronic carrier state in infants born to HBsAg- MED
E. None of the above positive mothers. BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
457 Influenza vaccine is generally recommended for which of Influenza vaccine is not recommended for routine JULIET MIDTERM 2
the following groups? use in the entire population because current KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
A. Pregnant women vaccines produce immunity lasting only from 1 to EVANGELIST 2014
B. All persons above 55 y/o 2 years and are only 60-70% effective. A, MD (TOP 9
C. School-age children - FEB 2014
D. All persons with severe pulmonary disorders MED
regardless of age BOARDS;
MD)
458 Many occupational environments contain airborne The acute symptoms of byssinosis occur in many JULIET MIDTERM 2
substances that cause lung disease. Byssinosis is workers after years of breathing air that contains KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
associated to: dusts, of cotton, flax or hemp and consist of EVANGELIST 2014
A. Radar assembly worker episodic obstruction with chest tightness, cough, A, MD (TOP 9
B. Arc welder and wheezing. Chronic byssinosis is aasociated - FEB 2014
C. Textile worker with irreversible pulmonary damage. MED
D. Hay farmer BOARDS;
E. Coal worker TOPNOTCH
MD)
459 Rabies, psittacosis, salmonellosis: Rabies, psittacosis and salmonellosis are zoonoses JULIET MIDTERM 2
A. Bacterial infections that is infections transmitted from animals to KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
B. Zoonoses humans. EVANGELIST 2014
C. Person-to-person spread A, MD (TOP 9
D. Viral infections - FEB 2014
E. Arthropod-borne infections MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
460 Dentist: Although most occupational diseases are not JULIET MIDTERM 2
A. Histoplasmosis infectious in origin, it is important to be aware of KRISTINE EXAM - AUG
B. Hepatitis B those that are infectious. Health care workers are EVANGELIST 2014
C. Legionnaires Disease at risk of hepatitis B and should be vaccinated. A, MD (TOP 9
D. Brucellosis - FEB 2014
E. Sporotrichosis MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

461 The association between low birth weight and maternal Cohort and case control compares 2 groups (group LUISA BACK-UP
smoking during pregnancy can be studied by obtaining with the exposure/disease vs. group without the SARANILLO, MIDTERM
smoking histories from women at the time of prenatal visit exposure/disease). Cross sectional studies collect MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
and then subsequently correlating birthweight with data from a group of people to assess frequency of FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
smoking histories. What type of study is this? disease and related risk factors at a particular MED INCLUSION IN
A. Cohort (prospective) point in time. First Aid USMLE 2013, 50. BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
B. Clinical trial TOPNOTCH
C. Cross-sectional MD)
D. Case control (retrospective)
462 One good criteria of a good research question is one that it : 1. Researchability-a problem is researchable if it LUISA BACK-UP
"matters what the answer is." This is termed: can be resolved through research. That is, it can be SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Researchability tested empirically, data can be collected to answer MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Significance the question or resolve the problem. 2. FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Feasibility Significance 3. Feasibility-adequate subjects can MED INCLUSION IN
D. All of the above be gathered for the study, procedures are BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
E. None of the above technically possible, information needed can be TOPNOTCH
collected, resources are available, study can be MD)
completed within a reasonable period of time
463 Hypothesis that assumes that association does not exist Null hypothesis- there is no difference; LUISA BACK-UP
such that a sample is not different from a population: Alternative/Positive hypothesis-assumes that an SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Null hypothesis association exists; Two-tailed or non-directional MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Alternative hypothesis alternative hypothesis- doen't indicate direction of FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Positive hypothesis the association; One-tailed or directional MED INCLUSION IN
D. Two-tailed or non-directional alternative hypothesis alternative hypothesis- gives the direction of the BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
E. None of the above relationship, or states which is greater when 2 TOPNOTCH
samples are being compared MD)
464 Which of the following measures is used frequently as a LUISA BACK-UP

denominator to calculate the incidence rate of a disease? SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Number of cases observed MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Number of new cases observed FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Number of asymptomatic cases MED INCLUSION IN
D. Persons lost to follow-up BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
E. Person-Years of observation TOPNOTCH
MD)
465 All of the following are advantages of case control studies, LUISA BACK-UP
as opposed to cohort studies, except: SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. They are relatively fast studies MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. They can study many possible causes of a disease FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. They allow calculation of exposure rates MED INCLUSION IN
D. They require relatively few study subjects BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
E. They can easily study rare diseases TOPNOTCH
MD)
466 The occurrence of a disease that are generally or LUISA BACK-UP
constantly found among people in a particular area is SARANILLO, MIDTERM
called: MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
A. hyperendemic FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
B. epidemic MED INCLUSION IN
C. endemic BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
D. enzootic TOPNOTCH
E. Pandemic MD)
467 The occurrence of a group of illnesses of a similar nature at LUISA BACK-UP

a rate above the expected number is called: SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. hyperendemic MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. epidemic FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. endemic MED INCLUSION IN
D. enzootic BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
MD)
468 In country X there are 25 new cases of breast cancer per Pretest 7th ed 133, modified LUISA BACK-UP
100,000 adult women per year; in country Y the number is SARANILLO, MIDTERM
85 per 100,000. Which of the following is the most likely MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
explanation? FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
A. Women in country X have high caloric intake MED INCLUSION IN
contributing to enhanced aromatase activities in fatty BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
tissues. TOPNOTCH
B. Most women in country X use oral contraceptives. MD)
C. Women in country X are younger.
D. Country Y is more technologically developed
E. Women in country X are more educated.
469 Which of the following is not true of acute appendicitis? Pretest 7th ed 134, modified
LUISA BACK-UP
A. Misdiagnosis is significantly higher among men than in Misdiagnosis is higher in women-Schwartz ,1075 SARANILLO, MIDTERM
women. MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. It is most frequently seen in the 2nd through 4th FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
decades of life. MED INCLUSION IN
C. Appendectomy for appendicitis is the most commonly BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
performed emergency operation in the world. TOPNOTCH
D. Perforation rates are highest in children <5 years and MD)
in patients > 65 years

470 The most common symptom presented by a newborn with Pretest 7th ed 139, modified
LUISA BACK-UP
cytomegalovirus infection at birth is: Symptomatic congenital CMV infection was SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. No symptoms originally termed cytomegalic inclusion disease. MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Blueberry muffin-like rash Only 5% of all congenitally infected infants have FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Low platelet count severe cytomegalic inclusion disease, another 5% MED INCLUSION IN
D. Intracranial calcifications have mild involvement, and 90% are born with BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
E. Low birth weight subclinical, but still chronic, CMV infection. - TOPNOTCH
Nelson 19th ed, 1116 MD)
471 Transmission of bacteria involved in nosocomial infections Pretest 7th ed 142, modified LUISA BACK-UP
are most often by: SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Airborne matter MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Hospital linen and beddings FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Direct contact via hands MED INCLUSION IN
D. Unchanged IV lines BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
TOPNOTCH
MD)
472 Which of the following statements is true of breast Pretest 7th ed 154, modified
LUISA BACK-UP
feeding? Breast-feeding is contraindicated in mothers SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Breast-feeding is contraindicated in mothers diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis until MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis until completion completion of 2 weeks of maternal therapy.Nelson FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
of 4 weeks of maternal therapy. 19th ed, 161 MED INCLUSION IN
B. Smoking is a contraindication to breast-feeding. Discourage cigarette smoking, but smoking is not a BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
C. Breast milk provides significant quantities of contraindication to breast-feeding. Nelson 19th ed, TOPNOTCH
immunoglobulins. 161. MD)
D. Breast-feeding promotes poor bonding between
mother and child
473 The following tests and procedures have been considered Harrison's17th ed, 491 also colonoscopy LUISA BACK-UP
for colorectal cancer screening, except: SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Annual Fecal occult blood testing MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Rigid sigmoidoscopy FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Radiographic barium contrast studies MED INCLUSION IN
D. Ultrasound BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
TOPNOTCH
MD)
474 Possible risk factors for the development of colon cancer Pretest 7th ed 167, modified LUISA BACK-UP
includes, except: SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Diet high in animal fat MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Obesity and insulin resistance FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Irritable bowel syndrome MED INCLUSION IN
D. Familial polyposis BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
TOPNOTCH
MD)
475 Which of the following is true of Asthma? Nelson 19th ed, 781
LUISA BACK-UP
A. Childhood asthma seems more prevalent in rural areas A. Childhood asthma seems more prevalent in SARANILLO, MIDTERM
of developing countries. modern metropolitan locales. MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Combination of environmental exposures and inherent B. Combination of environmental exposures and FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
biologic and genetic vulnerabilities are implicated in the inherent biologic and genetic vulnerabilities are MED INCLUSION IN
causation of childhood asthma. implicated in the causation of childhood asthma. BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
C. Childhood asthma in more affluent nations seems more C. Childhood asthma in less affluent nations TOPNOTCH
severe. seems more severe. MD)
D. Girls are more likely to have asthma. D. Boys are more likely to have asthma.
476 A familial aggregation pattern exists for cancer of all the Laryngeal CA is related to smoking and alcohol use LUISA BACK-UP
following organs except? SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Breast MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Ovary FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Colon MED INCLUSION IN
D. Uterus BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
E. Larynx TOPNOTCH
MD)
477 The most common site of cancer in persons from Pretest 7th ed 195, modified LUISA BACK-UP
developing countries is: SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. lungs MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. pancreas FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. cervix and uterus MED INCLUSION IN
D. liver BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
E. Colon TOPNOTCH
MD)
478 The following are complications of diabetes mellitus, 208, modified LUISA BACK-UP
except: SARANILLO, MIDTERM
A. Loss of vision MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
B. Hearing loss FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. Stroke MED INCLUSION IN
D. Pancreatic cancer BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
E. Heart attack TOPNOTCH
MD)
479 The following are true of leptospirosis, except: …can persist in the renal tubules not muscles… LUISA BACK-UP
A. Rats are the most important reservoir of this disease. Harrison's 17th ed, 1049 SARANILLO, MIDTERM
B. The causative microorganism of leptospirosis establish MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
a symbiotic relationship with their host and can persist in FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
the muscles for years. MED INCLUSION IN
C. This infection occurs most commonly in the tropics. BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
D. Transmission of leptospires to humans may follow TOPNOTCH
direct contact with blood or tissue from an infected animal. MD)
E. Transmission of leptospires to humans may follow
direct contact with urine from an infected animal.

480 The following are true of rubeola, except: 2 doses, Harrison's 17th ed, 1214 LUISA BACK-UP
A. Humans are the only natural host. SARANILLO, MIDTERM
B. 99% of adults had serologic evidence of previous MD (TOP 6 - EXAM AUG
rubeola infection. FEB 2014 2014 - FOR
C. The disease is brought under control through 3 doses of MED INCLUSION IN
vaccine. BOARDS; THE SAMPLEX
D. Mortality rates are highest among children less than 2 TOPNOTCH
years and among adults. MD)
E. Patients are contagious from 1-2 days before symptom
onset until 4 days after the rash appears.
481 Which does NOT characterize the current state of the Very obvious answer. :) ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
Philippine health situation? ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Highly centralized health care system COCOS, MD
B. Double burden of disease (TOP 1 - FEB
C. Health status improving but at a slower rate compared 2014 MED
to neighboring Asian countries BOARDS;
D. large variations in health status across population and TOPNOTCH
socioeconomic groups MD)
482 When are Philhealth benefits NOT applicable? Several PhilHealth questions were asked during ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
A. Patient died within the first 24 hours. our exam. If patient is admitted for less than 24 ANDREA AUG 2014
B. Patient was discharged within the first 24 hours of hours then Philhealth benefits is not applicable COCOS, MD
confinement by an accredited hospital. (should be more than 24 hours). For vehicular (TOP 1 - FEB
C. Patient sustained a vehicular accident and was crash patients admitted in an accredited or non- 2014 MED
confined in a non-accredited hospital. accredited hospital, PhilHealth benefits can be BOARDS;
D. patient was transferred to a better equipped hospital claimed. TOPNOTCH
before the first 24 hours of confinement. MD)
483 Which of the following is in line with the principles of The concept of Primary Health Care is health for ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
Primary Health Care? the people, by the people. The people attain health ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Doctors make decisions in a community health by being responsible for it. Community COCOS, MD
program. participation is essential. (TOP 1 - FEB
B. Free clinics are held. 2014 MED
C. A barangay health council is established to plan, BOARDS;
implement and evaluate community program. TOPNOTCH
D. traditional birth attendances are not allowed to attend MD)
to deliveries.
484 Who is NOT considered a dependent of members, Dependent of Philhealth members are: parents ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
according to Philhealth? over 60 years old, children below 21 years old or ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Ria's mother who is 55 years old above 21 years old if child is mentally retarded or COCOS, MD
B. Dax's son who is 18 years old incapacitated. (TOP 1 - FEB
C. Jeanry's 25 year old daughter who is mentally retarded 2014 MED
D. None of the above BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
485 What is the most commonly used index of fertility? Crude birth rate is computed as number of births ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
A. Total fertility rate over the total populations x 1000. ANDREA AUG 2014
B. Infant mortality rate COCOS, MD
C. Maternal mortality rate (TOP 1 - FEB
D. Crude birth rate 2014 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
486 Which of the following parameters is evaluated in SCREEM stands for Social, Cultural, Religion, ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
SCREEM? Education, Economic, Medical. ANDREA AUG 2014
A. environment COCOS, MD
B. mental (TOP 1 - FEB
C. religion 2014 MED
D. sexual BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
487 The first contact of the community to the health chain as Village health workers are also known as barangay ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
defined by the Primary Health Care system is? health workers. ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Barangay captain COCOS, MD
B. Midwife (TOP 1 - FEB
C. Hospital personnel 2014 MED
D. Village health workers BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
488 What is the most exposed industry to ergonomic This is due to repetitive workload. ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
problems? ANDREA AUG 2014
A. mining COCOS, MD
B. fishing (TOP 1 - FEB
C. manufacturing 2014 MED
D. Agriculture BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
489 What is the first step in hypothesis testing? ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
A. State the null hypothesis ANDREA AUG 2014
B. State the level of significance COCOS, MD
C. Specify the test statistic to be used (TOP 1 - FEB
D. State the alternative hypothesis 2014 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

490 The development of neuropathic symptoms is associated Exposure to sulfur dioxide mainly causes irritation ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
with chronic exposure to all the following substances of the mucous membranes. They got verbatim ANDREA AUG 2014
EXCEPT: questions from Pretest 7th edition during our COCOS, MD
A. Sulfur dioxide board exam. (TOP 1 - FEB
B. arsenic 2014 MED
C. lead BOARDS;
D. Nitrous oxide TOPNOTCH
MD)
491 It is often iatrogenic: Gout is usually caused by diuretic therapy ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
A. osteoarthritis (thiazides) used in the treatment of hypertension ANDREA AUG 2014
B. Rheumatoid arthritis or congestive heart failure. Pretest 7th ed. COCOS, MD
C. Sarcoid arthritis (TOP 1 - FEB
D. Gout 2014 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
492 Deficiency in sodium manifests as: Lack of sodium causes nausea, diarrhea, muscle ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
A. osteoporosis cramps and dehydration (because sodium ANDREA AUG 2014
B. dehydration maintains osmotic pressure). Pretest 7th ed. COCOS, MD
C. Tendency to dental caries (TOP 1 - FEB
D. Dwarfism 2014 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
493 Radiologic findings specific for exposure to asbestos Calcification of the pleura and diaphragm is a ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
include: common finding in people who have been exposed ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Bilateral pulmonary fibrosis chronically to asbestos. Pretest 7th ed. COCOS, MD
B. Pleural calcification (TOP 1 - FEB
C. Pulmonary nodules 2014 MED
D. Pleural effusion BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
494 Silica dust: Some questions in the board exam consist of one ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
A. Brake mechanic or two-word phrases lifted exactly from Pretest. ANDREA AUG 2014
B. Potter So be sure to familiarize yourself with the COCOS, MD
C. Sewer questions and the answers. :) (TOP 1 - FEB
D. Arc welder 2014 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
495 Which of the following statements about blood pressure is SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
true? CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE Pretest 7th ed. ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Isolated systolic hypertension is a risk factor for COCOS, MD
stroke. (TOP 1 - FEB
B. The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension 2014 MED
increases with age in men but not in women. BOARDS;
C. The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension peaks TOPNOTCH
between ages 60 and 70. MD)
D. Isolated systolic hypertension is defined as a systolic
bp above 200 mmHg with a normal diastolic blood
pressure.
496 Which of the following statements about valvular heart MVP is seen in 7% of women aged 14 to 30, and ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
disease is true? most of them are asymptomatic. Pretest 7th ed. ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Most patients with mitral valve prolapse remain COCOS, MD
asymptomatic for their entire lives. (TOP 1 - FEB
B. Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of 2014 MED
aortic stenosis in the US. BOARDS;
C. The incidence of rheumatic heart disease in the US has TOPNOTCH
been decreasing for the past 10 years. MD)
D. None of the above
497 Intestinal autoinfection may lead to increasing worm Autoinfection is a characteristic of strongyloides ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
burden and dissemination: infection. Pretest 7th ed. ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Necator COCOS, MD
B. Ascaris (TOP 1 - FEB
C. Strongyloides 2014 MED
D. Taenia BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
498 The likelihood of finding a lost biochemistry notebook in Surveillance bias refers to overdetection of the ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
your apartment is higher in the month of June than in the disease of interest because one of the groups goes ANDREA AUG 2014
month of March. This is due to: to the doctor (or has a diagnostic test) more often COCOS, MD
A. Lead time bias than does another group. Pretest 7th ed. (TOP 1 - FEB
B. Surveillance bias 2014 MED
D. Type 1 error TOPNOTCH
MD)
499 A sampling strategy used to achieve comparability of the Matching is a way of selecting subjects that are ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
groups being studied: comparable with respect to specific variables. ANDREA AUG 2014
A. Stratification Contrast this to stratification in which subjects are COCOS, MD
B. Age adjustment divided into separate, relatively homogeneous (TOP 1 - FEB
C. Randomization strata and the comparison between groups can 2014 MED
D. Matching occur within each stratum. Randomization BOARDS;
ensures that assignement of each subject occurs TOPNOTCH
by chance. MD)

500 In nine families surveyed, the numbers of children per The mean is the average: 3.4. The median is the ANGELIS FINAL EXAM -
family were 4, 6, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2, 1 and 7. The mean, median middle observation in a series: 3. The mode is the ANDREA AUG 2014
and mode numbers of children per family, respectively, observation that occurs with greatest frequency: COCOS, MD
are: 2. This concept is a must-know. (TOP 1 - FEB
A. 3.4, 2, 3 2014 MED
B. 3, 3.4, 2 BOARDS;
C. 3, 3, 2 TOPNOTCH
D. None of the above MD)
501 The association between low birth weight and maternal Cohort and case control compares 2 groups (group JAN BACK-UP
smoking during pregnancy can be studied by obtaining with the exposure/disease vs. group without the CHARMAINE MIDTERM
smoking histories from women at the time of prenatal visit exposure/disease). Cross sectional studies collect PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
and then subsequently correlating birthweight with data from a group of people to assess frequency of MD (TOP 9 - 2014
smoking histories. What type of study is this? disease and related risk factors at a particular FEB 2014
A. Cohort (prospective) point in time. First Aid USMLE 2013, 50. MED
B. Clinical trial BOARDS;
C. Cross-sectional TOPNOTCH
D. Case control (retrospective) MD)
502 One good criteria of a good research question is one that it : 1. Researchability-a problem is researchable if it JAN BACK-UP
"matters what the answer is." This is termed: can be resolved through research. That is, it can be CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Researchability tested empirically, data can be collected to answer PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Significance the question or resolve the problem. 2. MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Feasibility Significance 3. Feasibility-adequate subjects can FEB 2014
D. All of the above be gathered for the study, procedures are MED
E. None of the above technically possible, information needed can be BOARDS;
collected, resources are available, study can be TOPNOTCH
completed within a reasonable period of time MD)
503 Hypothesis that assumes that association does not exist Null hypothesis- there is no difference; JAN BACK-UP
such that a sample is not different from a population: Alternative/Positive hypothesis-assumes that an CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Null hypothesis association exists; Two-tailed or non-directional PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Alternative hypothesis alternative hypothesis- doen't indicate direction of MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Positive hypothesis the association; One-tailed or directional FEB 2014
D. Two-tailed or non-directional alternative hypothesis alternative hypothesis- gives the direction of the MED
E. None of the above relationship, or states which is greater when 2 BOARDS;
samples are being compared TOPNOTCH
MD)
504 Which of the following measures is used frequently as a JAN BACK-UP
denominator to calculate the incidence rate of a disease? CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Number of cases observed PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Number of new cases observed MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Number of asymptomatic cases FEB 2014
D. Persons lost to follow-up MED
E. Person-Years of observation BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
505 All of the following are advantages of case control studies, JAN BACK-UP
as opposed to cohort studies, except: CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. They are relatively fast studies PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. They can study many possible causes of a disease MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. They allow calculation of exposure rates FEB 2014
D. They require relatively few study subjects MED
E. They can easily study rare diseases BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
506 The occurrence of a disease that are generally or JAN BACK-UP
constantly found among people in a particular area is CHARMAINE MIDTERM
called: PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
A. hyperendemic MD (TOP 9 - 2014
B. epidemic FEB 2014
C. endemic MED
D. enzootic BOARDS;
MD)
507 The occurrence of a group of illnesses of a similar nature at JAN BACK-UP
a rate above the expected number is called: CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. hyperendemic PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. epidemic MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. endemic FEB 2014
D. enzootic MED
E. Pandemic BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
508 In country X there are 25 new cases of breast cancer per Pretest 7th ed 133, modified JAN BACK-UP
100,000 adult women per year; in country Y the number is CHARMAINE MIDTERM
85 per 100,000. Which of the following is the most likely PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
explanation? MD (TOP 9 - 2014
A. Women in country X have high caloric intake FEB 2014
contributing to enhanced aromatase activities in fatty MED
tissues. BOARDS;
B. Most women in country X use oral contraceptives. TOPNOTCH
C. Women in country X are younger. MD)
D. Country Y is more technologically developed
E. Women in country X are more educated.

509 Which of the following is not true of acute appendicitis? Pretest 7th ed 134, modified
JAN BACK-UP
A. Misdiagnosis is significantly higher among men than in Misdiagnosis is higher in women-Schwartz ,1075 CHARMAINE MIDTERM
women. PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. It is most frequently seen in the 2nd through 4th MD (TOP 9 - 2014
decades of life. FEB 2014
C. Appendectomy for appendicitis is the most commonly MED
performed emergency operation in the world. BOARDS;
D. Perforation rates are highest in children <5 years and TOPNOTCH
in patients > 65 years MD)
510 The most common symptom presented by a newborn with Pretest 7th ed 139, modified
JAN BACK-UP
cytomegalovirus infection at birth is: Symptomatic congenital CMV infection was CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. No symptoms originally termed cytomegalic inclusion disease. PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Blueberry muffin-like rash Only 5% of all congenitally infected infants have MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Low platelet count severe cytomegalic inclusion disease, another 5% FEB 2014
D. Intracranial calcifications have mild involvement, and 90% are born with MED
E. Low birth weight subclinical, but still chronic, CMV infection. - BOARDS;
Nelson 19th ed, 1116 TOPNOTCH
MD)
511 Transmission of bacteria involved in nosocomial infections Pretest 7th ed 142, modified JAN BACK-UP
are most often by: CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Airborne matter PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Hospital linen and beddings MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Direct contact via hands FEB 2014
D. Unchanged IV lines MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
512 Which of the following statements is true of breast Pretest 7th ed 154, modified
JAN BACK-UP
feeding? Breast-feeding is contraindicated in mothers CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Breast-feeding is contraindicated in mothers diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis until PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis until completion completion of 2 weeks of maternal therapy.Nelson MD (TOP 9 - 2014
of 4 weeks of maternal therapy. 19th ed, 161 FEB 2014
B. Smoking is a contraindication to breast-feeding. Discourage cigarette smoking, but smoking is not a MED
C. Breast milk provides significant quantities of contraindication to breast-feeding. Nelson 19th ed, BOARDS;
immunoglobulins. 161. TOPNOTCH
D. Breast-feeding promotes poor bonding between MD)
mother and child
513 The following tests and procedures have been considered Harrison's17th ed, 491 also colonoscopy JAN BACK-UP
for colorectal cancer screening, except: CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Annual Fecal occult blood testing PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Rigid sigmoidoscopy MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Radiographic barium contrast studies FEB 2014
D. Ultrasound MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
514 Possible risk factors for the development of colon cancer Pretest 7th ed 167, modified JAN BACK-UP
includes, except: CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Diet high in animal fat PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Obesity and insulin resistance MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Irritable bowel syndrome FEB 2014
D. Familial polyposis MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
515 Which of the following is true of Asthma? Nelson 19th ed, 781
JAN BACK-UP
A. Childhood asthma seems more prevalent in rural areas A. Childhood asthma seems more prevalent in CHARMAINE MIDTERM
of developing countries. modern metropolitan locales. PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Combination of environmental exposures and inherent B. Combination of environmental exposures and MD (TOP 9 - 2014
biologic and genetic vulnerabilities are implicated in the inherent biologic and genetic vulnerabilities are FEB 2014
causation of childhood asthma. implicated in the causation of childhood asthma. MED
C. Childhood asthma in more affluent nations seems more C. Childhood asthma in less affluent nations BOARDS;
severe. seems more severe. TOPNOTCH
D. Girls are more likely to have asthma. D. Boys are more likely to have asthma. MD)
516 A familial aggregation pattern exists for cancer of all the Laryngeal CA is related to smoking and alcohol use JAN BACK-UP
following organs except? CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Breast PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Ovary MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Colon FEB 2014
D. Uterus MED
E. Larynx BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
517 The most common site of cancer in persons from Pretest 7th ed 195, modified JAN BACK-UP
developing countries is: CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. lungs PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. pancreas MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. cervix and uterus FEB 2014
D. liver MED
E. Colon BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

518 The following are complications of diabetes mellitus, 208, modified JAN BACK-UP
except: CHARMAINE MIDTERM
A. Loss of vision PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
B. Hearing loss MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. Stroke FEB 2014
D. Pancreatic cancer MED
E. Heart attack BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
519 The following are true of leptospirosis, except: …can persist in the renal tubules not muscles… JAN BACK-UP
A. Rats are the most important reservoir of this disease. Harrison's 17th ed, 1049 CHARMAINE MIDTERM
B. The causative microorganism of leptospirosis establish PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
a symbiotic relationship with their host and can persist in MD (TOP 9 - 2014
the muscles for years. FEB 2014
C. This infection occurs most commonly in the tropics. MED
D. Transmission of leptospires to humans may follow BOARDS;
direct contact with blood or tissue from an infected animal. TOPNOTCH
E. Transmission of leptospires to humans may follow MD)
direct contact with urine from an infected animal.
520 The following are true of rubeola, except: 2 doses, Harrison's 17th ed, 1214 JAN BACK-UP
A. Humans are the only natural host. CHARMAINE MIDTERM
B. 99% of adults had serologic evidence of previous PALOMAR, EXAM AUG
rubeola infection. MD (TOP 9 - 2014
C. The disease is brought under control through 3 doses of FEB 2014
vaccine. MED
D. Mortality rates are highest among children less than 2 BOARDS;
years and among adults. TOPNOTCH
E. Patients are contagious from 1-2 days before symptom MD)
onset until 4 days after the rash appears.
521 A cohort study is conducted to assess the relationship MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
between oral contraceptive use and the risk of breast RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
cancer. Participants were chosen from a closed-panel RAMOS, MD 2013
HMO and includes 530 women between 30 and 40 years of (TOP 3 - FEB
age with no gynecologic disease. Each participant is asked 2012 MED
to complete a questionnaire about her use of an oral BOARDS;
contraceptive. Twenty years later, 40% of the paricipants TOPNOTCH
are enrolled in the same HMO. Of the 100 women who MD)
remained with the HMO and continued to use an oral
contraceptive, 12 patients developed histologically
confirmed breast cancer compared with 4 patients among
the women who did not use an oral contraceptive. Which
of the following features of this study is most likely to
affect its validity?
A) Differential follow-up
B) Lead time bias
C) Recall bias
D) Misclassification of outcome
522 A 67-year-old woman comes for a routine health pap-smear is only done up till age 65, MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
maintenance examination. She exercises regularly. She is mammography up till 70 RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
not sexually active. At her last visit 1 year ago, her serum RAMOS, MD 2013
cholesterol level was 180 mg/dL, and fasting serum (TOP 3 - FEB
glucose level was 80 mg/dL; a Pap smear and 2012 MED
mammography showed normal findings. Two years ago, BOARDS;
flexible sigmoidoscopy showed no abnormalities. Today, TOPNOTCH
she weighs 63 kg (140 lb) and is 165 cm (65 in) tall. Her MD)
blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Examination shows no
abnormalities. Which of the following is the most
appropriate screening test for this patient?
A) Pap smear
B) Measurement of serum cholesterol level
C) Measurement of serum glucose level
D) Mammography
523 A program for the primary prevention of coronary artery MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
disease is implemented in a community in the USA. RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
Assuming that diagnostic procedures and detection remain RAMOS, MD 2013
the same, which of the following measures involving the (TOP 3 - FEB
disease is most effective in monitoring the program? 2012 MED
A) Case fatality BOARDS;
B) Hospitalization TOPNOTCH
C) Incidence MD)
D) Mortality
524 A 32-year-old woman who is HIV positive has a CD4+ MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
lymphocyte count of 800/mm3 (Normal ≥ 500). Her health RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
maintenance regimen should include immunization RAMOS, MD 2013
against which of the following pathogens? (TOP 3 - FEB
A) Haemophilus influenzae type b 2012 MED
B) Hepatitis A BOARDS;
C) Influenza virus TOPNOTCH
D) Neisseria meningitidis MD)

525 A healthy 18-year-old woman comes for a routine health inconsistent condom use >> screen for STDs MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
maintenance examination. Menses occur at regular 28-day RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
intervals. Her last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. She RAMOS, MD 2013
is sexually active with one partner, and she and her (TOP 3 - FEB
partner use condoms inconsistently for contraception. Her 2012 MED
maternal grandmother was diagnosed with breast cancer BOARDS;
at the age of 65 years, her paternal grandfather was TOPNOTCH
diagnosed with colon cancer at the age of 72 years, and her MD)
maternal grandfather died of a myocardial infarction at the
age of 66 years. Examination shows no abnormalities.
Which of the following is the most appropriate screening
test for this patient?
A) Complete blood count
B) Fasting serum lipid studies
C) Test of the stool for occult blood
D) Testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia
trachomatis
526 A 1-year study of a new drug to treat hypertension is MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
conducted. One hundred patients with hypertension are RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
enrolled; 50 patients are given the new drug and another RAMOS, MD 2013
50 patients are given hydrochlorothiazide. All patients (TOP 3 - FEB
completed the trial. One noted unexpected effect is 2012 MED
increased growth of scalp hair which occurred in those BOARDS;
taking the new drug, a nonstatistically significant TOPNOTCH
difference (p>0.10). This effect has also been reported in MD)
studies of other similar drugs in the new therapeutic class.
The investigators of the study concluded that the new drug
did not cause hair growth. Which of the following features
of this study is most likely to affect the validity of this
conclusion?
A) Differential follow-up
B) Lead time bias
C) Length of the study
D) Sample size
527 The genetic disease institute at a university hospital has MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
developed a rapid screening test for a serious but treatable RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
inherited metabolic disorder. Although this disorder is RAMOS, MD 2013
predominantly found in a particular ethnic group, it is also (TOP 3 - FEB
found sporadically throughout the entire population. The 2012 MED
screening test has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of BOARDS;
90%. When used in an ethnically prescreened population TOPNOTCH
where the prevalence of this disorder is 30%, the positive MD)
predictive value is 80% and the negative predictive value
is 96%. The institute proposes to use this screening test on
the general population where the prevalence of this
disease is 0.1%. Which of the following is the most likely
result of this screening program?
A) Negative predictive value decreases
B) Positive predictive value decreases
C) Sensitivity decreases
D) Specificity decreases
528 A 5-year-old girl is brought to the physician 30 minutes MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
after being bitten on the forearm by her cat. Examination RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
shows a small puncture wound covered with dried blood. RAMOS, MD 2013
She is at increased risk of infection for which of the (TOP 3 - FEB
following reasons? 2012 MED
A) Arm wounds are more susceptible to infection BOARDS;
B) Salivary enzymes in cats augment infection TOPNOTCH
C) It is difficult to cleanse pathogens from this wound MD)
D) Young children are less able to resist infection than
adults
529 A healthy 42-year-old man comes to the physician for a life MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
insurance evaluation. He smoked one-half pack of RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
cigarettes daily for 20 years but quit 10 years ago. His RAMOS, MD 2013
father died of a myocardial infarction at the age of 65 (TOP 3 - FEB
years. The patient weighs 93 kg (205lb) and is 178 cm (70 2012 MED
in) tall. His blood pressure is 160/110 mm Hg, pulse is BOARDS;
96/min, and respirations are 16/min. Physical TOPNOTCH
examination, ECG, and an x-ray film of the chest show no MD)
abnormalities. Laboratory studies are within normal limits
except for a serum cholesterol level of 206 mg/dL. Which
of the following is the greatest risk factor for cerebral
infarction in this patient?
A) Genetic profile
B) History of smoking
C) Hypercholesterolemia
D) Hypertension

530 A 52-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 3, comes to the obesity >> increased estrogen MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
physician because of irregular vaginal bleeding over the RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
past 2 months. She has hypertension treated with enalapril RAMOS, MD 2013
and type 2 diabetes mellitus well controlled with diet. (TOP 3 - FEB
Menopause occurred 2 years ago.Her maternal aunt had 2012 MED
breast cancer at the age of 70 years. The patient weighs 88 BOARDS;
kg (195 lb) and is 160 cm (63 in) tall. Examination shows TOPNOTCH
no other abnormalities. An endometrial biopsy specimen MD)
shows adenocarcinoma. Which of the following is the most
significant predisposing factor for this patient's
endometrial cancer?
A) Heredity
B) Hypertension
C) Parity
D) Weight
531 During a routine examination, a 32-year-old man has a MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg. He is concerned because RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
his father, grandfather, and two uncles have hypertension. RAMOS, MD 2013
He works as a systems programmer for a large computer (TOP 3 - FEB
company and frequently has to meet 2012 MED
tight deadlines. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily BOARDS;
for 10years. He is 4.5 kg TOPNOTCH
(10 lb) overweight and drinks three cups of coffee daily. MD)
Which of the following measures is most likely to reduce
this patient's risk for hypertension over the next 5 years?
A) Increase intake of dietary fiber
B) Weight loss
C) Stress management
D) Restrict caffeine
532 A study is conducted to assess the effectiveness of a new MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
blood test for early detection of prostate cancer. Ten RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
thousand healthy men over the age of 50 years are RAMOS, MD 2013
randomly assigned to receive either annual rectal (TOP 3 - FEB
examination or annual screening with the new 2012 MED
blood test. After 5 years, results show that of the 50 men in BOARDS;
the blood test group that TOPNOTCH
were diagnosed with prostate cancer, 40 were living MD)
2years after the diagnosis was made. In comparison, only
15 out of 45men in the rectal examination group survived
2 years after being diagnosed with prostate cancer.
Researchers conclude that the blood test increases survival
compared with rectal examination. Which of the following
potential flaws
is most likely to invalidate this conclusion?
A) Age of the patients
B) Diagnostic bias
C) Lead time bias
D) Recall bias
533 37-year-old man comes to the physician 6 months prior to MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
traveling to sub-Saharan Africa for 1 year. He has no RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
history of hepatitis and has no high-risk behavior for RAMOS, MD 2013
hepatitis B. Which of the following is the most appropriate (TOP 3 - FEB
recommendation to prevent hepatitis during and after his 2012 MED
trip? BOARDS;
A) Immune globulin TOPNOTCH
B) Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) only MD)
C) Hepatitis B vaccine series only
D) Hepatitis B vaccine series and hepatitis A vaccine
534 A healthy 27-year-old woman comes to the physician for MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
an annual examination. She is concerned about her risk for RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
an abnormal Pap smear in the future. A history of use of RAMOS, MD 2013
which of the following would increase her risk for cervical (TOP 3 - FEB
cancer? 2012 MED
A) Alcohol BOARDS;
B) Cervical cap TOPNOTCH
C) Cigarettes MD)
D) Tamoxifen
535 A case-control study is conducted to assess the risk for RR shows a relationship but p value is statistically MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
intussusception in infants under the age of 1 year who insignificant RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
receive the rotavirus vaccine. The medical records of all RAMOS, MD 2013
those who received the vaccine and those who did not (TOP 3 - FEB
receive the vaccine over a 6-month period are reviewed. 2012 MED
Results show 125 cases per 100,000 infant-years for BOARDS;
infants who received the vaccine compared to 45 cases TOPNOTCH
per 100,000 infant-years for infants who did not receive MD)
the vaccine. The investigators conclude that the relative
risk for intussusception is 1.9 times greater in infants who
receive the rotavirus vaccine (95% confidence interval of
0.5–7.7 and p=0.39). Which of the following is the most
accurate interpretation of these results?
A) The results do not show an association between
rotavirus vaccine and intussusception, but they may be
related
B) The results show sufficient statistical power to identify
an association between rotavirus vaccine and
intussusception
C) Rotavirus vaccine is associated with a 39% risk for
intussusception
D) Rotavirus vaccine causes intussusception in 1.9% of
infants
536 On routine annual screening, an asymptomatic 27-year-old MIGUEL MIDTERM 1

man has a positive PPD skin test. One year ago, a PPD skin RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
test was negative. He works as a nurse. Three years ago, RAMOS, MD 2013
he was diagnosed with hepatitis A after a trip to South (TOP 3 - FEB
America. Examination shows no abnormalities. His serum 2012 MED
aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT) activity is 10 U/L, BOARDS;
and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, GPT) activity is TOPNOTCH
14 U/L. An x-ray film of the chest shows no abnormalities. MD)
Which of the following is the most appropriate
chemoprophylaxis?
A) Isoniazid and folic acid supplementation
B) Isoniazid and rifampin
C) Isoniazid and vitamin B1 (thiamine) supplementation
D) Isoniazid and vitamin B6 supplementation
537 As an epidemiologist, you are asked to recommend the MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
type of study appropriate to the needs of researchers who RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
would like to study the causes of a rare form of sarcoma. RAMOS, MD 2013
They have discovered a registry of this form of cancer and (TOP 3 - FEB
have access to a large data base of patients, which 2012 MED
unfortunately is only a few years old. What type of study BOARDS;
design would you recommend? TOPNOTCH
A) Cohort prospective MD)
B) Case-control retrospective
C) Cross sectional
D) Experimental
538 Randomization is a process used for assignment or MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
allotment of subjects to treatment and control groups in RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
experimental studies. Randomization ensures: RAMOS, MD 2013
A) That assignment occurs by chance (TOP 3 - FEB
B) That treatment and control groups are alike in all 2012 MED
respects except treatment BOARDS;
C) That bias in observation is eliminated TOPNOTCH
D) That placebo effects are eliminated MD)
539 "The absence of valvular calcification in an adult suggests MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
that severe valvular aortic stenosis is not present" . This RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
statement means that: RAMOS, MD 2013
A) Valvular calcification is a sensitive test for severe (TOP 3 - FEB
valvular aortic stenosis 2012 MED
B) Valvular calcification is an insensitive test for severe BOARDS;
valvular aortic stenosis TOPNOTCH
C) Valvular calcification is a nonspecific test for severe MD)
D) Valvular calcification is a specific test for severe
540 In a review of 3000 patients in whom adult onset diabetes MIGUEL MIDTERM 1
mellitus was diagnosed, 2000 of these patients were obese RAFAEL EXAM - FEB
at the time of diagnosis. The investigator concluded that RAMOS, MD 2013
there is an association between diabetes and obesity. What (TOP 3 - FEB
made this conclusion misleading or false? 2012 MED
A) Lack of control group BOARDS;
B) Lack of proper follow up TOPNOTCH
C) Lack of adjustment for age MD)
D) Lack of denominators
541 In a survey on the sexual behaviors of High School ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
students, the researches selected classes at random; every R OMAR II, FEB 2014
person in the selected sections were then included in the MD (TOP 2 -
sample. The researchers employed which sampling AUG 2013
procedure. MED
A. Simple random sampling BOARDS;
B. Stratified sampling TOPNOTCH
C. Cluster sampling MD - 200
D. Systematic sampling QUESTIONS)
E. Paired sampling AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)

542 If you wanted to know whether board exam scores of You are relating a nominal variable (Topnotch or ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
patients who enrolled in Topnotch Review School are non-Topnotch students) with an interval variable R OMAR II, FEB 2014
significantly higher than those who enrolled in another (actual test scores). A one-way ANOVA is most MD (TOP 2 -
review school, which statistical test would be most appropriate. REMEMBER: To correlate two AUG 2013
appropriate? interval variables, use Pearson correlation; to MED
A. Pearson correlation correlate two nominal variables, use Chi square. BOARDS;
B. Chi-square test TOPNOTCH
C. One way ANOVA MD - 200
D. Student's t-test QUESTIONS)
E. Matched pairs t-test AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
543 In explaining the results of her study to lay persons, the Specificity is also known as the 'true negative ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
researcher declares that the probability of the screening fraction.' R OMAR II, FEB 2014
test that she developed in correctly identifiying non- MD (TOP 2 -
diseases subjects was 95%. In statistical jargon, this AUG 2013
number represents which of the following variables: MED
A. Sensitivity BOARDS;
B. Specificity TOPNOTCH
C. Positive predictive value MD - 200
D. Negative predictive value QUESTIONS)
E. Odds ratio AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
544 The Framingham Heart Study was started in 1948 to ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
"identify factors or characteristics that contribute to CVD R OMAR II, FEB 2014
by following its development over a long period of time in MD (TOP 2 -
a large group of participants who had not yet developed AUG 2013
overt symptoms of CVD or suffered a heart attack or MED
stroke." It is an example of a: BOARDS;
A. Ecologic study TOPNOTCH
B. Cross-sectional study MD - 200
C. Case-control study QUESTIONS)
D. Cohort study AND MARC
E. Community trial DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
545 A screening test was developed and seemed to improve ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
survival. However, on closer inspection, it seemed that if R OMAR II, FEB 2014
one compares the survival time from point of diagnosis, MD (TOP 2 -
subjects whose disease was identified through screening AUG 2013
appears to survive longer only because their disease was MED
identified earlier. This describes which type of bias: BOARDS;
A. Self-selection bias TOPNOTCH
B. Length time bias MD - 200
C. Lead time bias QUESTIONS)
D. Surveillance bias AND MARC
E. Spectrum bias DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
546 During the SARS outbreak in 2002, 14 cases of SARS was ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
diagnosed in the Philippines; with 2 deaths reported. Thus, R OMAR II, FEB 2014
the ___ rate for SARS is 14%. MD (TOP 2 -
A. Crude mortality AUG 2013
B. Morbidity rate MED
C. Age-adjusted fatality rate BOARDS;
D. Case fatality rate TOPNOTCH
E. Incidence MD - 200
QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
547 The following are advantages of a cross-sectional study ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
except: R OMAR II, FEB 2014
A. It can be conducted quickly. MD (TOP 2 -
B. It is generally lest costly. AUG 2013
C. It is insensitive to observation bias. MED
D. It can identify stage of disease before it becomes BOARDS;
apparent clinically. TOPNOTCH
E. None of the above MD - 200
QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)

548 Which of the following is the most common and useful ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
measure of dispersion because it is the average distance of R OMAR II, FEB 2014
each score from the mean? MD (TOP 2 -
A. Range AUG 2013
B. Variance MED
C. Standard deviation BOARDS;
D. Coefficient of variation TOPNOTCH
E. Mode MD - 200
QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
549 The major environmental source of lead absorbed in the ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
human blood stream in adults is: R OMAR II, FEB 2014
A. Air MD (TOP 2 -
B. Water AUG 2013
C. Lead-based paint MED
D. Food BOARDS;
E. Soil TOPNOTCH
MD - 200
QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
550 The intensity of noise is measured in decibles. The ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
threshold for pain is set at: R OMAR II, FEB 2014
A. 100 dB MD (TOP 2 -
B. 120 dB AUG 2013
C. 200 dB MED
D. 240 dB BOARDS;
E. 300 dB TOPNOTCH
MD - 200
QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
551 A 20/M was standing in the heat for 2 hours doing ROTC ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
drills when he suddenly fainted. He subsequently regained R OMAR II, FEB 2014
consciousness and was brought to the ER. What is the MD (TOP 2 -
likely diagnosis? AUG 2013
A. Heat stroke MED
B. Heat exhaustion BOARDS;
C. Heat syncope TOPNOTCH
D. Heat cramps MD - 200
QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
552 Knowledge of teratogenic chemicals and environmental ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
factors is paramount to prevent women giving birth to R OMAR II, FEB 2014
infants with congenital malformations. Which of the MD (TOP 2 -
following is non-teratogenic? AUG 2013
A. Ethanol MED
B. Phenytoin BOARDS;
C. Iodine deficiency TOPNOTCH
D. X-ray MD - 200
E. None of the above QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
553 Jose and Josie Reyes have three children. Their eldest son, Begins when first child leaves and ends when last ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
an engineer, just got married this year and has moved out child leaves R OMAR II, FEB 2014
of the house. The couple is still supporting their two other MD (TOP 2 -
children, aged 22 and 18. Jose's family is in which stage of AUG 2013
the family life cycle: MED
A. Newly married couple BOARDS;
B. Family with young couple TOPNOTCH
C. Family with adolescents MD - 200
D. Launching family QUESTIONS)
E. Family in later life AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)

554 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic principle of ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
the primary health care approach? R OMAR II, FEB 2014
A. Health is multifactorial. MD (TOP 2 -
B. Interventions to improving the health of the community AUG 2013
must be multisectoral. MED
C. Health is a human right that must be upheld by BOARDS;
governments. TOPNOTCH
D. The health sector is the principal and sole agent MD - 200
involved in defining health issues and organizing resources QUESTIONS)
for the community. AND MARC
E. Interventions make use of technology that is DENVER
scientifically sound and suitable to the community. TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
555 Which of the following herbal medicines recommended by Akapulko for fungal infections; bayabas as an ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
the DOH is an antihelminthic agent? antiseptic (wound and vaginal wash); ulasimang R OMAR II, FEB 2014
A. Akapulko bato to lower uric acid levels; yerba buena for MD (TOP 2 -
B. Bayabas rheumatism AUG 2013
C. Yerba buena MED
D. Olasimang bato BOARDS;
MD - 200
QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
556 If a family physician wanted to assess the capacity of ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
families to participate in provision of health care and to R OMAR II, FEB 2014
determine resources that may be available to the family to MD (TOP 2 -
help in maintaining their health, which family tool would AUG 2013
be most appropriate? MED
A. Family genogram BOARDS;
B. APGAR TOPNOTCH
C. SCREEM MD - 200
D. FACES QUESTIONS)
E. Draw a Family Test AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
557 A 50/M, textile worker, presents to your office for his Aniline dyes a risk factor for bladder cancer which ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
periodic health examination. He has no complaints. Review commonly presents as painless hematuria. R OMAR II, FEB 2014
of history reveals that he has been working for over 25 MD (TOP 2 -
years at the same company. His work consists of preparing AUG 2013
dyes. Which of the following tests would be appropriate in MED
this setting? BOARDS;
A. Chest X ray TOPNOTCH
B. Cranial CT scan MD - 200
C. Liver function tests QUESTIONS)
D. Complete blood count AND MARC
E. Urinalysis DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
558 According to the PSMID Guidelines on Immunization, ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
which of the following is NOT true regarding the HPV R OMAR II, FEB 2014
vaccine? MD (TOP 2 -
A. It is safe for breastfeeding patients. AUG 2013
B. It amy be administered to patients with equivocal or MED
abnormal Pap smear. BOARDS;
C. There are no serious adverse reactions reported. TOPNOTCH
D. Both quadrivalent and bivalent HPV vaccines are MD - 200
routinely given to adolescent males and females 10 years QUESTIONS)
to less than 19 years. AND MARC
E. None of the above DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
559 Which of the following is NOT true about meningococcal Invasive disease is highest in infancy with second ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
disease? peak in adolescence. Source: PSMID 2009 R OMAR II, FEB 2014
A. Humans are the only natural reservoir. Guidelines on Immunization of Filipinos MD (TOP 2 -
B. Asymptomatic colonization of the upper respiratory AUG 2013
tract provides the source for spread of the organism. MED
C. Case fatality rate is 9 - 12% in all age groups BOARDS;
D. In the Philippines, serogroups A, B, C and W-135 have TOPNOTCH
been implicated. MD - 200
E. Invasive disease is highest in adolescence. QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)

560 Which of the following is NOT a contraindication to Pregnancy is NOT a contraindication. ABDELSIMA FINAL EXAM -
administration of the rabies vaccine? R OMAR II, FEB 2014
A. Presence of moderate and severe acute illnesses MD (TOP 2 -
B. Allergy to any vaccine component AUG 2013
C. Pregnancy MED
D. Immediate anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose of BOARDS;
rabies vaccine TOPNOTCH
E. None of the above MD - 200
QUESTIONS)
AND MARC
DENVER
TIONGSON,
MD (40
QUESTIONS)
561 In the egg poultry industry, cracked eggs are also called: BLAKE MIDTERM 2
A checked WARREN EXAM - FEB
B rotten ANG, MD 2014
C unqualified (TOP 1 - AUG
D waived 2013 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
562 Which of the ff is not an example of primary prevention? BLAKE MIDTERM 2
A a low fat and low calorie diet WARREN EXAM - FEB
B good sanitation ANG, MD 2014
C measles vaccine (TOP 1 - AUG
D antibiotics for pneumonia 2013 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
563 The most common lung disease among coal miners is : BLAKE MIDTERM 2
A siliconiosis WARREN EXAM - FEB
B pneumocconosis ANG, MD 2014
C bronchogenic CA (TOP 1 - AUG
D pneumonia 2013 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
564 Pulmonary Tuberculosis is transmitted primarily through BLAKE MIDTERM 2
what route? WARREN EXAM - FEB
A. Ingestion of food ANG, MD 2014
B. Kissing (TOP 1 - AUG
C. Droplet 2013 MED
D. Air borne BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
565 Most common hepatic malignancy : BLAKE MIDTERM 2
A hepatoma WARREN EXAM - FEB
B hepatocellular carcinoma ANG, MD 2014
C metastases (TOP 1 - AUG
D hepatoadenoma 2013 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
566 In order to determine a causality of a rare disease, the BLAKE MIDTERM 2
most appropriate type of research to implement is: WARREN EXAM - FEB
A case control ANG, MD 2014
B prospective cohort (TOP 1 - AUG
C RCTs 2013 MED
D case report BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
567 The association between low birth weight and maternal BLAKE MIDTERM 2
smoking can be studied by obtaining smoking histories WARREN EXAM - FEB
from mothers at the time of the prenatal visit and then ANG, MD 2014
subsequently correlating birth weight with smoking (TOP 1 - AUG
histories. What type of study is this? 2013 MED
A clinical trial BOARDS;
B cohort prospective TOPNOTCH
C cross sectional MD)
D none of the above
568 Most common presentation of newborns with CMV BLAKE MIDTERM 2

infection: WARREN EXAM - FEB
A organomegaly ANG, MD 2014
B thrombocytoenia (TOP 1 - AUG
C cerebral calcifications 2013 MED
D asymptomatic BOARDS;
E fever TOPNOTCH
MD)

569 The following strategy is not part of the national TB BLAKE MIDTERM 2
program: WARREN EXAM - FEB
A early treatment of infective patients ANG, MD 2014
B primary prophylaxis of the uninfected (TOP 1 - AUG
C BCG vaccination 2013 MED
D health education BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
570 Most common type of leukemia among pediatric BLAKE MIDTERM 2
population: WARREN EXAM - FEB
A acute lymphoblastic ANG, MD 2014
B chronic myelogenous (TOP 1 - AUG
C acute myelogenous 2013 MED
D chronic lymphoblastic BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
571 Which is the second most common site of nosocomial BLAKE MIDTERM 2
infections? WARREN EXAM - FEB
A surgical wound ANG, MD 2014
B respiratory tract (TOP 1 - AUG
C blood stream 2013 MED
D urinary tract BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
572 A good screening test should be cheap, accessible and has: BLAKE MIDTERM 2
A high sensitivity WARREN EXAM - FEB
B high sensitivity and specificity ANG, MD 2014
C be able to screen rare and life threatening diseases (TOP 1 - AUG
D high specificity is enough 2013 MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
573 What is NOT true about cystic fibrosis? BLAKE MIDTERM 2
A diagnosis demonstrates an absence of chloride in the WARREN EXAM - FEB
sweat ANG, MD 2014
B it is an autosomal recessive disorder (TOP 1 - AUG
C the median survival rate is around 20 years 2013 MED
D 1 in 20 americans are heterogeneous for the gene BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
574 Which of the following has the strongest association with BLAKE MIDTERM 2
development of stroke within a year? WARREN EXAM - FEB
A hypertension ANG, MD 2014
B old age% (TOP 1 - AUG
C smoking 2013 MED
D diabetes mellitus BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
575 true of systemic lupus erythematosus: BLAKE MIDTERM 2
A it is approximately 10 times more commonly found in WARREN EXAM - FEB
women ANG, MD 2014
B more common in white americans than african (TOP 1 - AUG
americans 2013 MED
C diagnosis requires a positive ANA result BOARDS;
D most common cause of arthritis in the elderly TOPNOTCH
MD)
576 Cigarette smoking increases the risk of having malignancy BLAKE MIDTERM 2
of the following organs except: WARREN EXAM - FEB
A pancreas ANG, MD 2014
B kidney (TOP 1 - AUG
C larynx 2013 MED
D liver BOARDS;
E bladder TOPNOTCH
MD)
577 The leading cause of end stage renal disease is: BLAKE MIDTERM 2
A urinary tract infection WARREN EXAM - FEB
B glomerulonephritis ANG, MD 2014
C SLE (TOP 1 - AUG
D hypertension 2013 MED
E diabetes mellitus BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
578 mental disorders seen to be more prevalent in the male BLAKE MIDTERM 2
gender includes : WARREN EXAM - FEB
A schizophrenia ANG, MD 2014
B nymphomania (TOP 1 - AUG
C affective disorders 2013 MED
D alcoholism and drug abuse BOARDS;
E all of the above TOPNOTCH
MD)

579 An arc welder is most likely prone to develop this disease BLAKE MIDTERM 2
based on occupational exposure: WARREN EXAM - FEB
A. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis ANG, MD 2014
B. Byssinosis (TOP 1 - AUG
C. Caplan’s disease 2013 MED
D. Siderosis BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
580 the major environmental source of lead absorbed in the BLAKE MIDTERM 2
human bloods stream in adults is from: WARREN EXAM - FEB
A water ANG, MD 2014
B lead-based (TOP 1 - AUG
C food 2013 MED
D furnitures BOARDS;
E air TOPNOTCH
MD)
581 Which statement describes health promotion? A. is Health Empowerment TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
A. Process of translating knowledge into action and B is Health Policy TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
promoting behavior change C is Health Promotion SAY, MD 2014
B. Process of making decisions, plans, and actions that D is Health Prevention (TOP 4 - AUG
are undertaken to achieve specific health care goals within E is Health Education 2013 MED
a society BOARDS;
C. Process of enabling people to increase control over TOPNOTCH
their health and its determinants MD)
D. Process of addressing a specific risk and known cause
of a disease
E. Process of education the public about health
582 What is the minimum distance of a satisfactory excreta 25 meters is the minimum safe distance. TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
disposal facility from an underground water source? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. 10 meters SAY, MD 2014
B. 15 meters (TOP 4 - AUG
C. 25 meters 2013 MED
D. 35 meters BOARDS;
E. 50 meters TOPNOTCH
MD)
583 In a normal Gaussian distribution, how many percent of 1 SD from the mean is 68% of values. TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
values is found between one and two standard deviations 2 SD is 95% TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
from the mean? So values between 1 and 2 standard deviations is SAY, MD 2014
A. 27% 95-68= 27%. (TOP 4 - AUG
B. 34% 2013 MED
C. 68% BOARDS;
D. 95% TOPNOTCH
E. 99.7% MD)
584 In a screening test for a disease, much value is given to this In a screening test, the diagnostic test should be TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
parameter? more sensitive not specific. The opposite is true TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Sensitivity for a confirmatory test. SAY, MD 2014
B. Specificity (TOP 4 - AUG
C. Positive Predictive Value 2013 MED
D. Negative Predictive Value BOARDS;
E. Prevalence TOPNOTCH
MD)
585 What stage in the family life cycle wherein the first child Launching Family begins when the first child TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
leaves home? leaves home and ends when the last child leaves TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Unattached Young Adult home. SAY, MD 2014
B. Launching Family (TOP 4 - AUG
C. Extended Family 2013 MED
D. Family with Young Adults BOARDS;
E. Family in Later Years TOPNOTCH
MD)
586 A study demonstrates that aspirin intake reduces the risk Based on no. 68 of Pre test 9th Edition. Please buy TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
of cardiovascular disease among physicians. The question the original book, preferably both the 9th and 7th TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
"can the result of this study can be applied to the edition. Remember to study all questions and SAY, MD 2014
population at large" is describing what epidemiologic explanations. I will simply write the test no. and (TOP 4 - AUG
term? edition and you are tasked to read the explanation 2013 MED
A. Precision yourselves. BOARDS;
B. Clinical significance TOPNOTCH
C. Statistical significance MD)
D. External validity
E. Internal validity
587 What is the most appropriate statistical test to analyze the Based on no. 70 of Pre test 7th ed. TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
data in comparing the serum cholesterol before and after TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
eating fired chicken in KFC? SAY, MD 2014
A. Linear Regression (TOP 4 - AUG
B. Paired t test 2013 MED
C. Student t test BOARDS;
D. Analysis of variance TOPNOTCH
E. Chi-square analysis MD)

588 What do you call the time interval between entry of an Based on no. 169 of Pre test 9th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
infectious agent into a host and the onset of symptoms? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. The incubation period SAY, MD 2014
B. The communicable period (TOP 4 - AUG
C. The preinfectious period 2013 MED
D. The noncontagious period BOARDS;
E. The decubation period TOPNOTCH
MD)
589 Correct statements about infant mortality include all the Based on no. 135 of Pre test 7th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
following EXCEPT? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. The denominator is the number of births in a year. SAY, MD 2014
B. The numerator is the number of infants who die before (TOP 4 - AUG
their first birhday for a given year. 2013 MED
C. IMR is an important marker of the health situation in a BOARDS;
country. TOPNOTCH
D. The rate is expressed per 1000 births. MD)
590 Which of the following statements about bronchiectasis is Based on no. 175 of Pre-test 7th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
TRUE? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. It is manifested by cough SAY, MD 2014
B. . It is uncommon in childhood. (TOP 4 - AUG
C. It is rarely accompanied by fever. 2013 MED
D. It is usually a primary disorder. BOARDS;
E. It is usually a self-limited problem. TOPNOTCH
MD)
591 Bysinnosis will have which of the following as a risk Based on no. 303 of Pre-test 7th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
factor? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Hay farmer SAY, MD 2014
B. Radar assembly worker (TOP 4 - AUG
C. Arc welder 2013 MED
D. Textile worker BOARDS;
E. Coal worker TOPNOTCH
MD)
592 Pottery and glass manufacturers are at risk for thiwhc of Based on no. 312-313 of Pre test 7th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
the following health hazards? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Carbon monoxide SAY, MD 2014
B. Vinyl acetate (TOP 4 - AUG
C. Asbestos 2013 MED
D. Hydrogen sulfite BOARDS;
E. Silica dust TOPNOTCH
MD)
593 As a city health officer, following multiple reports of cases Based on no. 192 of Pre-test 9th ed. TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
of Cryptosporidium parvum diagnosed by private TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
physicians, you conducted an epidemic investigation.You SAY, MD 2014
found out that the city drinking water supply is (TOP 4 - AUG
contaminated. What public health advisory measure would 2013 MED
you announce to prevent ingestion of contaminated water? BOARDS;
A. Freeze and use thawed water TOPNOTCH
B. Use faucet filters capable of removing particles of 2.0 MD)
microns
C. Disinfect with chlorination
D. Boil water for 1 minute
E. Drink bottled water only
594 In the geriatric population, which of the following mental Based on no. 257 of Pre-test 7th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
disorders has its highest incidence? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Anxiety disorder SAY, MD 2014
B. Involutional depression (TOP 4 - AUG
C. Schizophrenia 2013 MED
D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder BOARDS;
MD)
595 All of the following are ways for Prevention and control of Based on no. 337 of Pre-test 7th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
infection in a hospital setting EXCEPT? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Isolation of patients with communicable disease SAY, MD 2014
B. Retrospective surveillance of nosocomial infections of (TOP 4 - AUG
patients 2013 MED
C. Investigation of epidemic and endemic infections BOARDS;
D. Employment of practitioners of infection control TOPNOTCH
E. a physician who serves as hospital epidemiologist MD)
596 Cancer of this organ is associated with exposure to Based on no. 305 of Pre-test 9th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
Radium: TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Lung SAY, MD 2014
B. Head and Neck (TOP 4 - AUG
C. Bone 2013 MED
D. Liver BOARDS;
E. Hematopoietic System TOPNOTCH
MD)
597 Plasma lipid levels are determined by the following in the Based on no. 362 of Pre-test 7th ed. TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
diet EXCEPT? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Cholesterol SAY, MD 2014
B. Total calories (TOP 4 - AUG
C. Alcohol 2013 MED
D. Vitamin E BOARDS;
E. Saturated Fat TOPNOTCH
MD)

598 Which vitamin defieciency is marked by edema, Based on no. 379 of Pre-test 7th ed. TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
neuropathy, and myocardial failure? TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
A. Thiamine deficiency SAY, MD 2014
B. Vitamin A deficiency (TOP 4 - AUG
C. Riboflavin deficiency 2013 MED
D. Vitamin C deficiency BOARDS;
E. Niacin deficiency TOPNOTCH
MD)
599 A 72-year old man with controlled hypertension complains Based on no. 394 of Pre test 9th ed TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
of gradual impairment of vision. He has type 2 DM, well TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
controlled. He is a farmer. Diagnosis? SAY, MD 2014
A. Cataract (TOP 4 - AUG
B. Glaucoma 2013 MED
C. Macular degeneration BOARDS;
D. Diabetic retinopathy TOPNOTCH
E. Xerophthalmia MD)
600 Patients with renal cell CA were matched with controls by Based on no. 29 of Pre-test 7th ed. TIMOTHY MIDTERM 1
age, sex, place of residence and social class. Two groups TANG LEE EXAM - FEB
were noted according to the frequency of cigarette SAY, MD 2014
smoking. This is what type of study? (TOP 4 - AUG
A. Case cohort 2013 MED
B. Historical cohort BOARDS;
C. Clinical trial TOPNOTCH
D. Prospective cohort MD)
601 A 34-year old man is brought to the paramedics from a Heat stroke is charcetrized by presence of mental RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
running marathon, which started at 11am in a very sunny status changes and core body temp of more than MENDOZA, FEB 2013
weather. He started to note headache, nausea, vomiting (1 39C. Heat cramps are characterized by painful MD (TOP 9 -
epsiode, nonprojectile) and headache after an hour of muscle cramps along with some nausea and AUG 2012
running. He is hyperventilating, with moist skin and core vomiting. Heat syncope is a sudden loss of MED
body temperature is 38.6oC. He is most likely suffering consiousness due to vasodilation due to heat. BOARDS;
from: TOPNOTCH
A. Sunstroke MD)
B. Heat cramps
C. Heat exhaustion
D. Heat stroke
E. Heat syncope
602 A study shows that elevated bilirubin levels in neonates Effect modification occurs when one factor RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
are associated with brain damage only in babies who also modifies the effect on outcome of another. MENDOZA, FEB 2013
have infections or severe hemolytic disease. Which of the MD (TOP 9 -
following epidemiologic phenomenon made in arriving at AUG 2012
such conclusion? MED
A. Confounding BOARDS;
B. Effect modification TOPNOTCH
C. Differential misclassification MD)
D. Lead-time bias
E. Selection bias
603 A study shows that people who drink coffee tend to smoke Confounding occurs when the association between RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
more, and for this reason, coffee drinkers have a higher two variables is distorted by the fact that both are MENDOZA, FEB 2013
risk of lung cancer. Which of the following occurred in this associated with a third. MD (TOP 9 -
study? AUG 2012
A. Confounding MED
B. Effect modification BOARDS;
C. Differential misclassification TOPNOTCH
D. Lead-time bias MD)
E. Selection bias
604 In a cohort study of hypertensive men, the proportions of Stratification is a way of dividing subjects into RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
subjects with high and low renin levels who lived for separate, relatively homogenous strata and the MENDOZA, FEB 2013
another 5 years are compared separately according to age: comaprison between groups can occur with each MD (TOP 9 -
among those aged 40 to 49, 50 to 59 and 60 to 69. Which stratum. AUG 2012
of the following epidemiologic method was done? MED
A. Matching BOARDS;
B. Age adjustment TOPNOTCH
C. Stratification MD)
D. Survival analysis
E. Multivariate analysis
605 Dwarfism, hypogonadism, hepatosplenomegaly and poor Deficiency in calcium will lead to poor bone RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
wound healing are manifestations of those with deficiency mineralization, which may present as MENDOZA, FEB 2013
in: osteoporosis. Defiecnsy in sodium causes nasuea, MD (TOP 9 -
A. Fluorine diarrhea, cramps and dehydration. Increased AUG 2012
B. Copper tendency for caries characetrizes fluorine MED
C. Zinc deficiency. BOARDS;
D. Sodium TOPNOTCH
E. Calcium MD)
606 Family history is a well-documented risk factor for the there is no sufficient data that links family history RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
following, EXCEPT: as a significant risk factor for lung cancer. MENDOZA, FEB 2013
A. Breast CA MD (TOP 9 -
B. Ovarian CA AUG 2012
C. Colon CA MED
D. Lung CA BOARDS;
MD)

607 Hormone replacement therapy for post-menopausal Unopposed estrogen therapy increases the risk for RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
women increases the risk for developing: endometrial cancer. Adding progesterone to the MENDOZA, FEB 2013
A. Hypertension regimen significantly reduces this risk, but does MD (TOP 9 -
B. Thrombosis not eliminate it. AUG 2012
C. Alzheimer's disease MED
D. Gallbladder disease BOARDS;
E. Endometrial cancer TOPNOTCH
MD)
608 Some substances have been found to be neurotoxic to the 3 to 6 weeks is the period of greatest susceptibility RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
fetus and may affect pregnancy outcomes. The fetus is for agents that affect cardiac development, while 7 MENDOZA, FEB 2013
most susceptible to these substances during what age in to 9 weeks is the perios of highest susceptibility to MD (TOP 9 -
utero: those that may affect the external genitalia. AUG 2012
A. 3 to 16 weeks MED
B. 6 to 9 weeks BOARDS;
C. 4 to 8 weeks TOPNOTCH
D. 3 to 6 weeks MD)
E. 7 to 9 weeks
609 The following factors should be considered for These are the factors that have to be considered RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
implementation of a screening test, EXCEPT: before instituting any preventive health measure, MENDOZA, FEB 2013
A. Burden of suffering including a screening test. The burden of suffering MD (TOP 9 -
B. Cost of screening test inlcudes both the sevrity and prevalence of the AUG 2012
C. Physician's familiarity with the disease disease. MED
D. Potential adverse effect of the screening test BOARDS;
E. Efficacy of treatment TOPNOTCH
MD)
610 The following does NOT describe depressive disorders, Depression is more common in persons who are RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
EXCEPT: young, female, divorced, single, separated, MENDOZA, FEB 2013
A. They are associated with more frequent visits for seriously ill or have a prior history or family MD (TOP 9 -
physical symptoms history of depression. Suicide occurs in 15% of AUG 2012
B. They mostly affect young married men untreated major depressive disorder. Depressed MED
C. They are rarely encountered in ambulatory care patients frequently present with a variety pf BOARDS;
D. They can result in suicide in over 50% of cases physical complaints. TOPNOTCH
E. They rarely present with physical complaints MD)
611 Which of the following patients is at highest risk of adverse Infants on cow's milk are at highest risk for IDA, RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
effect from iron deficiency anemia? which can be associated with abnormal growth MENDOZA, FEB 2013
A. Postmeonpausal woman and development. MD (TOP 9 -
B. Elderly widow living alone AUG 2012
C. Breastfed 1-month old MED
D. 10-month old with a diet of cow's milk BOARDS;
E. 14-year old with heavy periods TOPNOTCH
MD)
612 The following values are obtained in a study determining The median is computed by arranging the values RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
the number of children among 10 households in a in order of increasing values. The 5th and 6th MENDOZA, FEB 2013
barangay: 2, 4,7, 3, 3, 5, 7, 8, 4, 6. Determine the median values have to be averaged (in this case, 4 and 5) MD (TOP 9 -
number of children among these households: since the total number of values given is even (10). AUG 2012
A. 3.5 If the number of values is odd, the middlemost MED
B. 4 value is taken as the median value. BOARDS;
C. 4.5 TOPNOTCH
D. 5 MD)
E. 5.5
613 A group of researchers wanted to study the causes of a Case control is most appropriate in assessing RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
rare form of CNS tumor. They found a complete registry of many risk factors for a disease. It is retrospective MENDOZA, FEB 2013
this disease and have access to a large database of patients. and can help determine causal relationships. It is MD (TOP 9 -
They have funding for only 1 year from the PCHRD. Which very useful in studying conditions with very low AUG 2012
study design is most appropriate? incidence or prevalence rates. MED
A. Case series BOARDS;
B. Cross-sectional TOPNOTCH
C. Case-control MD)
D. Cohort
E. Experimental
614 What is the most important risk factor for breast cancer? Age is the most important risk factor for the devt RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
A. Family history of breast CA. Nursing may be a protective factor. MENDOZA, FEB 2013
B. Age Cigarette smoke is not a major risk factor, along MD (TOP 9 -
C. Gravidity with history of breast trauma. AUG 2012
D. Trauma MED
E. Smoking BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
615 A new screening method is being studied. The following Specificity is the true negative. It is computed by RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
data is obtained on applying the new screening tool on 200 dividing the number of true negatives (40) by the MENDOZA, FEB 2013
people: number of people without the disease (100). MD (TOP 9 -
With Disease w/o Disease AUG 2012
Positive 90 60 MED
Negative 10 40 BOARDS;
Total 100 100 TOPNOTCH
Using this data, compute for the specificity of the test. MD)
A. 90%
B. 10%
C. 60%
D. 40%
E. 33%

616 An infant born to a Hepatitis B infected mother should get Infants born to HBsAg-positive women should RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
HBIG (hepatitis B immune globulin) and vaccine within receive vaccine at birth, 1–2 mo, and 6 mo of age, MENDOZA, FEB 2013
how many hours after birth? with the first dose accompanied with HBIG, to be MD (TOP 9 -
A. 12 given within 12 hours of birth. (Nelson's 11th ed) AUG 2012
B. 24 MED
C. 36 BOARDS;
D. 48 TOPNOTCH
E. 72 MD)
617 The following are the benefits of active PhilHealth Philhealth covers maternal claims for up to the 3rd RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
members, EXCEPT: pregnancy only. MENDOZA, FEB 2013
A. Coverage for dialysis or chemotherapy MD (TOP 9 -
B. Subsidy for room and board, drugs and laboratories, AUG 2012
operating room and professional fees for confinements of MED
not less than 24 hours BOARDS;
C. Coverage up to the fourth normal delivery TOPNOTCH
D. None of the above MD)
618 Which of the following is NOT included in the ELEMENTS Elements of primary health care include: RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
of primary health care? Education, Local/endemic diseases, EPI, Maternal MENDOZA, FEB 2013
A. Improvement of the health status of mother and their and child health, Essential drugs, Nutrition, MD (TOP 9 -
children Technology transfer, Sanitation AUG 2012
B. Resolution of neuropsychological health issues in the MED
community BOARDS;
C. Ensuring the presence and delivery of safe drinking TOPNOTCH
water MD)
D. Prevention of local and endemic diseases
619 Prevalence is a measure of: Prevalence is the total number (old and new) of RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
A. Old cases only cases in a population in a given time MENDOZA, FEB 2013
B. New cases only MD (TOP 9 -
C. Cases occurring within an interval AUG 2012
D. Old and new cases in the community MED
E. New cases plus expected cases for a given period BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
620 Which of the following is the most common site of UTI > Surgical site infection > Respiratory tract RACHELLE FINAL EXAM -
hospital-acquired infection? infection > Septicemia. UTI accounts for 35% of all MENDOZA, FEB 2013
A. Surgical wound nosocomial infections. 70-80% of UTIs are related MD (TOP 9 -
B. GIT to catheters and urinary tract manipulation. AUG 2012
C. Blood MED
D. Genito-urinary tract BOARDS;
E. Heart TOPNOTCH
MD)
621 The infant mortality rate of a country in a gicen year is 45.1 VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
per year per 1000 live birth means: MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. 45.1 infants died before reaching their first birthday (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. 45.1 % of all deaths occurred in infants below one year 2012 MED
C. 45.1 infants died before reaching their first birthday BOARDS;
per 1000 live births TOPNOTCH
D. 45.1 infants per 1000 of the population died MD)
622 Which of the following is an alternate to the PIE chart? VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
A. Bar graph MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
B. Component bar diagram (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
C. Frequency polygon 2012 MED
D. Histogram BOARDS;
E. Line graph TOPNOTCH
MD)
623 An investigator wanted to determine if there is significant Paired t test VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
difference in the mean systolic blood pressure of 10 MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
women before and after oral contraceptive use for 3 (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
months. The appropriate statistical test for the significance 2012 MED
of the study is: BOARDS;
A. Analysis of variance TOPNOTCH
B. Chi square test MD)
C. Student t test
D. Paired t test
E. All of the above
624 The primary objective of health education is to: VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
A. improve health practice MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
B. Transfer technology to lay personnel (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
C. Promote health in general 2012 MED
D. Impart knowledge BOARDS;
MD)
625 The minimum distance of a pit privy from a well in a sandy 25 meters VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
soil is: MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. 10 meters (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. 15 meters 2012 MED
C. 20 meters BOARDS;
D. 25 meters TOPNOTCH
E. 30 meters MD)

626 The association between low birth weight and maternal VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
smoking during pregnancy can be studied by obtaining MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
smoking histories from women at the time of the prenatal (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
visit and then subsequently correlating birthweight with 2012 MED
smoking histories. What type of study is this? BOARDS;
A. Clinical trial TOPNOTCH
B. Cross sectional MD)
C. Cohort prospective
D. Case control (retrospective)
E. Case analysis
627 All of the following are steps necessary to plan and conduct VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
a case-control study, EXCEPT; MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. Developing and testing research instruments (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. Defining the disease and exposure of interest 2012 MED
C. Selecting cases and defining a control group BOARDS;
D. Planning the analysis TOPNOTCH
E. Determining the duration of the observational study MD)
period
628 As an epidemiologist, you are asked to recommend the case control for rare disordees with multipl VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
type of study appropriate to the needs of researchers who potential causes MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
would like to study the causes of a rare form of sarcoma. (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
They have discovered a registry of this form of cancer and 2012 MED
have access to a large data base of patients, which BOARDS;
unfortunately is only a few years old. What type of study TOPNOTCH
design would you recommend? MD)
A. Cohort prospective
B. Historical cohort
C. Cross sectional
D. Experimental
E. Case-control retrospective
629 Randomization is a process used for assignment or VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
allotment of subjects to treatment and control groups in MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
experimental studies. Randomization ensures: (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
A. That assignment occurs by chance 2012 MED
B. That treatment and control groups are alike in all BOARDS;
respects except treatment TOPNOTCH
C. That bias in observation is eliminated MD)
D. That placebo effects are eliminated
630 "The absence of valvular calcification in an adult suggests VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
that severe valvular aortic stenosis is not present" . This MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
statement means that: (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
A. Valvular calcification is a sensitive test for severe 2012 MED
valvular aortic stenosis BOARDS;
B. Valvular calcification is an insensitive test for severe TOPNOTCH
valvular aortic stenosis MD)
C. Valvular calcification is a nonspecific test for severe
D. valvular calcification is a specific test for severe
631 In a review of 3000 patients in whome adult onset diabetes VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
was diagnosed, 2000 of these patients were obses at the MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
time of diagnosis. The investigator concluded that there is (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
an association between diabetes and obesity. What made 2012 MED
this conclusion misleading or false? BOARDS;
A. Lack of control group TOPNOTCH
B. Lack of proper follow up MD)
C. Lack of adjustment for age
D. Lack of denominators
E. Lack of adjustment for race
632 The newborn with cytomegalovirus infection at birth most for every 1 with classic symptoms, 20 infants are VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
commonly presents with: asymptomatic MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. hepatosplenomegaly (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. hepatitis 2012 MED
C. thrombocytopenia BOARDS;
D. Cerebral calcifications TOPNOTCH
633 A familial aggregation pattern exists for cancer of all the VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
following organs EXCEPT: MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. breast (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. retina 2012 MED
C. colon BOARDS;
D. larynx TOPNOTCH
E. Skin MD)
634 The use of estrogen-containing oral contraceptive pills VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
increases the risk of: MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. Breast cancer (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. Vaginal cancer 2012 MED
C. Osteoporosis BOARDS;
D. Thromboembolism TOPNOTCH

635 The development of neuropathic symptoms is associated VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
with chronic exposure to all of the following substances MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
EXCEPT: (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
A. Mercury 2012 MED
B. Lead BOARDS;
C. Arsenic TOPNOTCH
D. Sulfur dioxide MD)
E. Nitrous oxide
636 The most prevalent mental health disorder in young VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
children is: MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. autism (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. Mental retardation 2012 MED
C. Behavioral problems BOARDS;
D. Schizophrenia TOPNOTCH
E. Depression MD)
637 Berylliosis is associated with: VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC

A. Hay farmer MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
B. Arc welder (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
C. Coal welder 2012 MED
D. Radar assembly worker BOARDS;
E. Textile worker TOPNOTCH
MD)
638 Asbestos constitutes hazard to health especially to what Asbestos is asscoiated to brake mechanic VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
kind of worker? MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. Brake mechanic (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. Potter 2012 MED
C. Glass manufacturer BOARDS;
D. Sewer TOPNOTCH
E. Arc welder MD)
639 Passive immunization is the major means of prevention of VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
which of the following diseases? MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. Influenza (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. German measles 2012 MED
C. Mumps BOARDS;
D. Roseola infantum TOPNOTCH
E. Viral hepatitis A MD)
640 The major environmental source of lead absorbed in the VON ANDRE DIAGNOSTIC
human blood stream in adults is: MEDINA, MD EXAM - AUG
A. air (TOP 4 - FEB 2012
B. water 2012 MED
C. lead-based paint BOARDS;
D. food TOPNOTCH
641 The laws governing occupational health and safety in the MCU Prevmed notes, FCM 3rd edition, page 82 LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
workplace are? MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
A. Sanitation code of the Philippines PD 856 MD (TOP 8 - 2013
B. Labor Code of the Philippines FEB 2013
C. Presidential Decree 442 MED
D. A and B only BOARDS;
MD)
642 According to Permanent-partial disability (Art.193), the 10 months per ear LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
complete and permanent loss of the use of both ears MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
should entitle the employee to receive payment with the MD (TOP 8 - 2013
equivalent compensation of? FEB 2013
A. 10 months MED
B. 12 months BOARDS;
C. 18 months TOPNOTCH
D. 20 months MD)
E. 24 months
643 The association between low birthweight and maternal LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
smoking during pregnancy ca n be studied by obtaining MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
histories from women at the time of prenatal visit and then MD (TOP 8 - 2013
subsequenty correlating birthweight with smoking FEB 2013
histories. What type of study is this? MED
A. Clinical trial BOARDS;
B. Cross-sectional TOPNOTCH
C. Cohort MD)
D. Case-control
E. None
644 In 2009, the crude birth rate of Tra-La-La was 17 per 1000 LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
popunlation; the death rate was 10 per 1000; and the net MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
in-migration rate was 2 per 1000. What was the net MD (TOP 8 - 2013
growth rate per 1000? FEB 2013
A. 5 MED
B. 7 BOARDS;
C. 9 TOPNOTCH
D. 15 MD)
E. 25

645 Randomization is a procedure used for assignment or LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
allocation of subjects to treatment and control groups in MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
experimental studies. It ensures MD (TOP 8 - 2013
A. That assignment occurs by chance FEB 2013
B. That treatment and control groups are alike in all MED
aspects except treatment BOARDS;
C. that bias in observation is eliminated TOPNOTCH
D. that placebo effects are eliminated MD)
646 In comparing the difference between two means, the value LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
of p is found to be 0.06. The correct interpretation of this MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
result is? MD (TOP 8 - 2013
A. The null hypothesis is rejected FEB 2013
B. The difference is compatible with the null hypothesis MED
C. The difference occurred by chance BOARDS;
D. the difference is statistically significant TOPNOTCH
E. sampling variation is an unlikely expalanation of the MD)
difference
647 A research team wishes to investigate a possible LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
association between Vape (a tobacco substitute) and oral MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
lesions among professional basketball players. At the MD (TOP 8 - 2013
training camp, they ask each player about current and past FEB 2013
use of Vape, real cigarettes, and alcohol, then a dentist MED
notes the type and extent of the lesions in their mouth. BOARDS;
What type of study is this? TOPNOTCH
A. Case-control MD)
B. Cross-sectional
C. Cohort
D. Clinical trial
648 In a cohort study of hypertensive men, the proportions of LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
the subjects with high and low renin levels who survived MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
for 5 years are compared separately among those aged 40 MD (TOP 8 - 2013
to 49, those aged 50 to 59, and those aged 60 to 69 at time FEB 2013
of entry. This process is called? MED
A. Matching BOARDS;
B. Stratification TOPNOTCH
C. Age adjustment MD)
D. Survival analysis
E. Multivariate statiztical analysis
649 Approximately 9 people die each year in barrio Walang- LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
Gana for every 1000 estimated to be alive. This describes MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
the barrio's MD (TOP 8 - 2013
A. Case fatality rate FEB 2013
B. Crude mortality rate MED
C. Crude morbidity rate BOARDS;
D. Secondary attack rate TOPNOTCH
E. Specific Morbidity rate MD)
650 In a study, six different risk ratios are calculated: one for LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
each sex at each of three social class levels. The process MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
involved is MD (TOP 8 - 2013
A. Matching FEB 2013
B. Stratification MED
C. Age adjustment BOARDS;
D. Survival analysis TOPNOTCH
E. Multivariate statiztical analysis MD)
651 Which of the following statements is true regarding LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
epidemiology of Aortic Dissection? MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
A. Almost all patients with aortic dissection have elevated MD (TOP 8 - 2013
serum cholesterol levels (>240mg/dL) FEB 2013
B. Aortic dissection is the major cause of mortality in MED
patients with Marfan's Syndrome BOARDS;
C. There is an increased incidence of Aortic dissection in TOPNOTCH
patients with Gaucher's disease MD)
D. Acute Aortic dissection is usually asymptomatic
E. There is approximately a 10 percent operative
mortality from emergency surgery for dissection of the
ascending aorta
652 Studies in the epidemiology of appendicitis have shown LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
that MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
A. It affects girls 3x as frequent as boys MD (TOP 8 - 2013
B. Its incidence is highest in the 6th and 7th decades of FEB 2013
life MED
C. Its incidence is decreasing in the Western World BOARDS;
D. Its mortality is increasing in the Western World TOPNOTCH
E. It affects 1:1000 pregnancies MD)
653 Which is the most common site of nosocomial infections? LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
A. Surgical wound MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
B. Respiratory tract MD (TOP 8 - 2013
C. Blood stream FEB 2013
D. Urinary tract MED
E. GI tract BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

654 Larval form of this worm infects man and is called LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
Cysticercosis. MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
A. Necator americanus MD (TOP 8 - 2013
B. Ascaris lumbricoides FEB 2013
C. Strongyloides stercoralis MED
D. Taenia solium BOARDS;
E. Hymenolepis nana TOPNOTCH
MD)
655 Deficiency of this mineral causes dwarfism, LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
hepatosplenomegaly and poor wound healing. MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
A. Fluorine MD (TOP 8 - 2013
B. Copper FEB 2013
C. Sodium MED
D. Zinc BOARDS;
E. Molybdenum TOPNOTCH
MD)
656 Paragonimiasis, or the lung fluke disease can be acquired LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
from MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
A. Snail MD (TOP 8 - 2013
B. Swine FEB 2013
C. Fish MED
D. Crab BOARDS;
E. Dog TOPNOTCH
MD)
657 Among the entries for causes of death in the death the underlying cause is the most important LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
certificate, the most useful data and should be filled when because if it was prevented or controlled, death MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
there is only one line provided is the : should have not occurred. MD (TOP 8 - 2013
A. immediate cause FEB 2013
B. antecedent cause MED
C. underlying cause BOARDS;
D. other causes contributing to death TOPNOTCH
MD)
658 Imhoff tank is composed of two-storey tank usually made MCU Prevmed notes, FCM 3rd edition, page 43 LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
of concrete into which raw sewage is led for primary MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
treatment. Which among the following statements is/are MD (TOP 8 - 2013
true regarding the Imhoff tank? FEB 2013
A. The lower tank provides storage space for the sludge MED
and allows anaerobic decomposition BOARDS;
B. Secondary treatment is still needed TOPNOTCH
C. More efficient than septic tank and can handle larger MD)
sewage volumes
D. A and C only
E. All of the above
659 Fumigants are gases used to eliminate disease-carrier MCU Prevmed notes, FCM 3rd edition, page 77 LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
arthropods. One example is Carbon tetrachloride and it is MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
A. Non-flamable MD (TOP 8 - 2013
B. Combined with CS2 FEB 2013
C. Combined with Ethylene dichloride MED
D. A and C only BOARDS;
MD)
660 Heavy metals are known toxic materials from factories and MCU Prevmed notes, FCM 3rd edition, page 90 LITO JAY DIAGNOSTIC
mining companies. This heavy metal is primarily obtained MACARAIG, EXAM - AUG
from ore cinnabar MD (TOP 8 - 2013
A. Mercury FEB 2013
B. Lead MED
C. Cadmium BOARDS;
D. Nickel TOPNOTCH
E. Copper MD)
661 Also known as the National Health Insurance Act of 1995 B - NHIA, A - act amending R.A. 9241, c - Philippine HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. R.A. 9241 medical care act, d - Act creating the MMDA, e - KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. R.A. 7875 special protection of Children against abuse and MD (TOP 6 -
C. R.A 6111 discrimination act FEB 2013
D. R.A. 7924 MED
E. R.A. 9610 BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
662 Defined as a branch of medical science dealing with Definition of Preventive medicine HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
methods of preventing the occurrence of disease? KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
A. Public Health MD (TOP 6 -
B. Family Medicine FEB 2013
C. Epidemiology MED
D. Preventive Medicine BOARDS;
MD)
663 Stage in the Family life cycle which begins when the first This stage starts when the first child leaves home. HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
child leaves home? The key principle is the acceptance of a multitude KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
A. The Unattached Young Adult of entries and exits into the family system. MD (TOP 6 -
B. Newly Married Couple FEB 2013
C. Family with Young Children MED
D. Launching Family BOARDS;
E. Family in Later Life TOPNOTCH
MD)

664 The Family APGAR assess the following aspects except? Components of the family apgar includes HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Adaptation adaptation, partnership, growth, affection and KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Partnership resolve. MD (TOP 6 -
C. Growth FEB 2013
D. Affection MED
E. Resilience BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
665 This level of prevention aims to avoid the emergence and Examples of Primordial prevention includes HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
establishment of the social, economic and cultural patterns implementation of public health policies and KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
of living that are known to contribute to disease risk? health promotion MD (TOP 6 -
A. Primordial FEB 2013
B. Primary MED
C. Secondary BOARDS;
D. Tertiary TOPNOTCH
E. Quarternary MD)
666 Ability of bacteria and viruses to produce clinically An example of highly pathogenic virus - measles HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
apparent illness in an infected population? KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
A. Immunogenicity MD (TOP 6 -
B. Pathogenicity FEB 2013
C. Virulence MED
D. Toxigenicity BOARDS;
E. Resistance TOPNOTCH
MD)
667 Results from failure of thermoregulatory center and Heat stroke is a form of hyperthermia, an HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
suppression of sweating? abnormally elevated body temperature with KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
A. Heat exhaustion accompanying physical symptoms including MD (TOP 6 -
B. Heat cramps changes in the nervous system function. Unlike FEB 2013
C. Heat syncope heat cramps and heat exhaustion, two other forms MED
D. Heat stroke of hyperthermia that are less severe, heat stroke is BOARDS;
E. None a true medical emergency that is often fatal if not TOPNOTCH
properly and promptly treated. Heat stroke is also MD)
sometimes referred to as heatstroke or sun stroke.
Severe hyperthermia is defined as a body
temperature of 104 F (40 C) or higher.
668 Arsenic poisoning can cause the following symptoms, Symptoms of arsenic poisoning begin with HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
except? headaches, confusion, severe diarrhea, and KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
A. delirium drowsiness. When the poisoning becomes acute, MD (TOP 6 -
B. coma symptoms may include diarrhea, vomiting, blood FEB 2013
C. hematuria in the urine, cramping muscles, hair loss, stomach MED
D. vomiting pain, and more convulsions. The organs of the BOARDS;
E. Cherry red color of the blood body that are usually affected by arsenic poisoning TOPNOTCH
are the lungs, skin, kidneys, and liver.The final MD)
result of arsenic poisoning is coma to death. CO
poisoning manifests with cherry red coloration.
669 Coalworkers pneumoconioses, except? Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), colloquially HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Black lung disease referred to as black lung disease, is caused by long KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Coal miners exposure to coal dust. It is a common affliction of MD (TOP 6 -
C. anthracosis coal miners and others who work with coal, FEB 2013
D. Carbon dust similar to both silicosis from inhaling silica dust, MED
E. Crystalline silica dust and to the long-term effects of tobacco smoking. BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
670 Sources of lead includes the following, except? Motor vehicle exhaust may be a source for ozone HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Motor vehicle exhaust poisoning KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Metal processing MD (TOP 6 -
C. Waste incinerators FEB 2013
D. Lead acid battery manufacturers MED
E. None BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
671 Greenhouse gases, except? Greenhouse gases includes the above plus nitrous HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Water vapor oxide and CFC's. These gases block the escape of KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Carbon dioxide heat from the atmosphere which causes global MD (TOP 6 -
C. Methane warming. FEB 2013
D. Nitrogen MED
E. Ozone BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
672 Water washed disease? Water washed diseases are transmitted from HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Schistosomiasis person to person due to inadequate water supply KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Leptospirosis for personal hygeine/ domestic use. Includes MD (TOP 6 -
C. Scabies scabies, lice, typhus, trachoma. FEB 2013
D. Dengue MED
E. Malaria BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
673 Characteristic of water which serves as an index of Coliform bacteria are a commonly used bacterial HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
pollution degree of the water source? indicator of water pollution, although not an KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
A. turbidity actual cause of disease MD (TOP 6 -
B. Biological FEB 2013
C. Color MED
D. pH BOARDS;
E. Taste TOPNOTCH
MD)

674 Type of sanitation facility with a built-in pit or septic tank , HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
water sealed and requires water throughout the year? Just like a traditional Flush Toilet, there is a water KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
A. Pit latrine seal that prevents odours and flies from coming MD (TOP 6 -
B. Pour flush Toilet back up the pipe. FEB 2013
C. Flush TOilet Water is poured into the bowl to flush the toilet of MED
D. Cat hole latrine excreta; approximately 2 to 3L is usually sufficient. BOARDS;
E. Pail system The quantity of water and the force of the water TOPNOTCH
(pouring from a height often helps) must be MD)
sufficient to move the excreta up and over the
curved water seal.
675 Characteristics of a normal distribution curve, except? tails of a normal distribution curve does not touch HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Bell shaped the x axis KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Mean = median = mode MD (TOP 6 -
C. Total area under the curve is 1 FEB 2013
D. Long tapering ends which touches the x axis MED
E. None BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
676 A patient who completed treatment but did not HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
meet the criteria for cure or failure. This definition KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
applies to pulmonary smear-positive and smear- MD (TOP 6 -
negative patients and to patients with FEB 2013
extrapulmonary disease. MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
Treatment outcome for PTB patients characterized as a

smear positive patient who has completed treatment but
without proof of cure?
A. Cured
B. Relapse
C. Treatment completed
D. Failure of treatment
E. Default
677 Composition of standard ORS, except? HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Glucose 120 mmol/L KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Na 90 MD (TOP 6 -
C. Cl 80 FEB 2013
D. K 20 MED
E. Citrate 10 BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
678 IMCI case process includes the following except? IMCI process: assess--> classify --> identify --> HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Assess provide practical treatment instructions --> KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Classify counsel --> follow-up care MD (TOP 6 -
C. Identify FEB 2013
D. Admit MED
E. Follow-up care BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
679 Drug of choice for Chloroquine resistant malaria? also known as fansidar HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Chloroquine KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Primaquine MD (TOP 6 -
C. Mefloquine FEB 2013
D. Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine MED
E. None BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
680 Prophylactic of choice for meningococcemia? Meningococcal disease describes infections caused HAZEL MIDTERM 2 -
A. Cotrimoxazole by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (also KAREN RAZ, AUG 2013
B. Cefuroxime termed meningococcus). It carries a high mortality MD (TOP 6 -
C. Rifampicin rate if untreated. nder certain circumstances if FEB 2013
D. Penicillin unvaccinated health-care personnel cannot get MED
E. Doxycycline vaccinated and who have intensive contact with BOARDS;
oropharyngeal secretions of infected patients and TOPNOTCH
who do not use proper precautions should receive MD)
anti-infective prophylaxis against meningococcal
infection (i.e., 2-day regimen of oral rifampin or a
single dose of IM ceftriaxone or a single dose of
oral ciprofloxacin).
681 In the Philippines, the following agents can be safely used Thiomersal otherwise known as thimerosal MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
in water treatment to make it potable for human (Merthiolate) is a mercury-containing compound JAY AUG 2013
consumption, except: used to prevent bacterial and fungal growth in FRANCISCO,
A. Iodine some vaccines during storage. MD (TOP 9 -
B. Thiomersal *SIMILAR TO PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM FEB 2013
C. Chlorox CONCEPT/PRINCIPLE MED
D. Fluorine BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)

682 As part of an effort to reduce length of hospital stay, renal • Mean, median and mode are measures of central MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
transplant patients were placed on a clinical pathway. All tendency. JAY AUG 2013
of the first seven patients placed on the pathway did well • Mean = sum of all observations divided by FRANCISCO,
except for the last patient, in whom pancreatitis developed number of observations. MD (TOP 9 -
and necessitated a month in the ICU. The lengths of stay for • Median = arrange the data points in rank order. FEB 2013
these patients were 4, 3, 5, 7, 4, 6 and 41 days. What are It is the data value in which one half of the data MED
the mean, median, and mode of the length-of-stay data? points fall above it and one half below it. BOARDS;
A. Mean = 10, median = 5, mode = 4 • Mode = is the most frequently occurring value in TOPNOTCH
B. Mean = 5, median = 10, mode = 5 the data set. MD)
C. Mean = 10, median = 4, mode = 1
D. Mean = 10, median = 5, mode = 41
E. Mean = 5, median = 5, mode = 1
683 An investigator selected a sample of 100 women attending A cross-sectional study is a descriptive study in MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
a social hygiene clinic to determine if there is any which disease and exposure status are measured JAY AUG 2013
relationship between OCP use and Chlamydia infection. He simultaneously in a given population. FRANCISCO,
then measured the predictor and outcome variables by MD (TOP 9 -
taking a history of OCP use and sending a cervical swab to FEB 2013
a lab for Chlamydia culture. What is the design utilized in MED
this study? BOARDS;
A. Experimental Study TOPNOTCH
B. Case-Control MD)
C. Cohort Study
D. Cross-sectional
684 Primary Health Care (PHC) refers to As a strategy, primary health care focuses on MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
A. The first contact of a patient with a professional health individual and community strengths (assets) and JAY AUG 2013
care provider opportunities for change (needs); maximizes the FRANCISCO,
B. A sub-system of the health care delivery system involvement of the community; includes all MD (TOP 9 -
C. A type of health care program designed for communities relevant sectors but avoids duplication of services; FEB 2013
D. An approach to making health care available and and uses only health technologies that are MED
accessible to the population accessible, acceptable, affordable and appropriate. BOARDS;
Primary health care needs to be delivered close to TOPNOTCH
the people; thus, should rely on maximum use of MD)
both lay and professional health care practitioner.
685 Mrs. Yolly Yanin, 64 yo, began having difficulty MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
remembering things, missing time of work and appearing JAY AUG 2013
in public in an untidy state. She was brought into a Family FRANCISCO,
Physician for consult and was diagnosed to have MD (TOP 9 -
Alzheimer’s disease. Because her condition seemed to FEB 2013
progress rapidly, the AP did a home visit. Upon arrival, he MED
found Mrs. Yanin unkempt, bedridden and has lost weight. BOARDS;
The daughter who lives with her complained of exhaustion TOPNOTCH
and getting very little support from her siblings. The MD)
Family Physician makes use of several tools to assess the
condition of the index patient and her family. Which of the
following tools and its corresponding indication for use is
incorrect?
A. APGAR – assess familial resources
B. Genogram – identify alternate caregivers
C. SCREEM – assess capacity of family to participate in
health care
D. Family map – describe family dynamics
686 Which of the following is the ultimate goal of an MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
epidemiologic investigation? JAY AUG 2013
A. To request for international assistance FRANCISCO,
B. To institute curative, preventive and control measures MD (TOP 9 -
to avoid more cases FEB 2013
C. To identify administrative and operational problems of a MED
health agency BOARDS;
D. To determine discrepancies in policy implementation TOPNOTCH
MD)
687 Which of the following statistical tests would be most The question relates to assessing the statistic MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
appropriate for assessing whether there are significant validity of differences in a continuous variable, JAY AUG 2013
differences in 1-minute Apgar scores between infants born which in this question are Apgar scores between FRANCISCO,
by emergency cesarean section and those born by vaginal two groups: babies born vaginally and those born MD (TOP 9 -
delivery? by caesarean delivery. Statistical comparison of FEB 2013
A. Student’s t-test continuous variable data between two groups can MED
B. ANOVA best be assessed by Student’s t-test (named Dr. BOARDS;
C. Correlation coefficient Student). TOPNOTCH
D. X2 test MD)
688 The Sanitation Code of the Philippines prescribes the http://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/code_ MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
following, except: on_sanitation_phils.pdf JAY AUG 2013
A. Bacteriologic examination of drinking water sources FRANCISCO,
should be done as often as possible but interval between MD (TOP 9 -
examinations must not be more than 6 months FEB 2013
B. Examination of drinking water sources for radioactive MED
contamination should be done yearly. BOARDS;
C. General chemical examination of drinking water sources TOPNOTCH
should be done quarterly MD)
D. There is no exception.
689 Global warming is the gradual increase of temperature of Water vapor (Preventive Medicine, Topnotch MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
the Earth’s lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in Handouts) JAY AUG 2013
greenhouse gases. What will increase in concentration if FRANCISCO,
there is any increase in global temperature that’s why it is MD (TOP 9 -
considered as the most important greenhouse gas? FEB 2013
A. Water vapor MED
B. Carbon dioxide BOARDS;
C. CFC TOPNOTCH
D. Ozone MD)
690 Ms. Tan was brought to the ED due to fatigue, with clammy Heat exhaustion is a condition whose symptoms MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
& moist skin after staying on the beach during a summer may include heavy sweating and a rapid pulse, a JAY AUG 2013
vacation. Upon your PE, patient was found to be result of body overheating. It's one of three heat- FRANCISCO,
hyperthermic, with weak pulses and low BP. Based on the related syndromes, with heat cramps being the MD (TOP 9 -
history and PE, you suspect that this patient is suffering mildest and heatstroke being the most severe. FEB 2013
from a general systemic heat disorder resulting from Causes of heat exhaustion include exposure to MED
deficiency of water or salt leading to circulatory high temperatures, particularly when combined BOARDS;
insufficiency. Your initial impression is most probably with high humidity, and strenuous physical TOPNOTCH
A. Heat Stroke activity. MD)
B. Heat Cramps
C. Heat Exhaustion
D. Heat Syncope
691 Which statement is correct regarding obesity? Asso. between obesity & arthritis is real & not due MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
A. The association between obesity and hypertension is to small cuff size. JAY AUG 2013
probably due to inappropriate size of BP cuffs in obese Arthritis due to mechanical stresses. FRANCISCO,
subjects. Not only number of calories but composition MD (TOP 9 -
B. Osteoarthritis is less common among obese because of affects weight gain. FEB 2013
decreased activity. MED
C. Obese persons are significantly less active than non- BOARDS;
obese persons. TOPNOTCH
D. In a normal person, 300 cal of excess carbohydrates will MD)
lead to the same weight gain as 300 cal of excess fat.
692 Chance of finding effect in your study if it truly exists in the Power refers to chance of finding effect in your MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
population is described by which epidemiologic term? study if it truly exists in the population. JAY AUG 2013
A. Lead-time bias FRANCISCO,
B. Surveillance bias MD (TOP 9 -
C. Type 1 error FEB 2013
D. Power MED
BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)
693 Effective means of preventing trichinosis in humans Prohibition of marketing of garbage-fed hogs is MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
include: easier to enforce than inspection to ensure that all JAY AUG 2013
A. Cooking pork and pork products to ensure that all parts garbage is properly cooked. FRANCISCO,
of the meat reach a temperature of at least 400 C. MD (TOP 9 -
B. Attention to proper disposal of hog feces FEB 2013
C. Prohibiting the marketing of garbage-fed hogs MED
D. Skin testing of hogs with Trichinella antigen prior to BOARDS;
slaughter TOPNOTCH
E. None of these MD)
694 Incubation period – duration of time between MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
The time from the disappearance of symptoms until exposure to an infectious agent and appearance of JAY AUG 2013
recovery is called 1st manifestation of disease. FRANCISCO,
Communicable period – time when infected MD (TOP 9 -
A. Communicable period person can transmit infectious agent. FEB 2013
B. Incubation period MED
C. Non-contagious period BOARDS;
D. Decubation period TOPNOTCH
E. Preinfectious period MD)
695 Among these statistical analysis, which is the most Student T-test: independent samples MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
appropriate for comparing blood glucose levels of male & Pair T-test: before/after samples JAY AUG 2013
female rats using three different drugs? Chi square : prevalence FRANCISCO,
A. Student T-test ANOVA: >2 groups MD (TOP 9 -
B. Paired T-test FEB 2013
C. Chi square analysis MED
D. Analysis of variance BOARDS;
E. Linear regression TOPNOTCH
MD)
696 People who drink coffee tend to smoke more and for this Confounding- asso. Between 2 variables is MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
reason coffee drinkers have a higher risk of lung cancer is a distorted by the fact that both are asso. w/ a third. JAY AUG 2013
statement which displays which epidemiologic term? Effect modification – one factor modifies the effect FRANCISCO,
of another on outcome MD (TOP 9 -
A. Confounding Lead-time bias - distortion of apparent efficacy of FEB 2013
B. Effect modification a screening program MED
C. Misclassification bias BOARDS;
D. Lead-time bias TOPNOTCH
MD)
697 In the study of the cause of a disease, the essential Observational – no control over exposure but can MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
difference between an experimental study and an measure response in those who are and are not JAY AUG 2013
observational study is that the experimental investigation exposed. FRANCISCO,
A. The study is prospective MD (TOP 9 -
B. The study is retrospective FEB 2013
C. The study and control groups are of equal size MED
D. The study and control groups are selected on the basis BOARDS;
of history of exposure to causal factor TOPNOTCH
E. The investigators determine who is and who is not MD)
exposed to the suspected causal factor

698 Dr. Jenny Yous developed a new diagnostic test for TP = 91 FP=12 TN= 88 FN= 9 MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
syphilis. When the agent is added to blood, the organism Sensitivity = TP/ TP + FN JAY AUG 2013
develop a characteristic ring around them (she fondly calls Specificity = TN/TN + FP FRANCISCO,
it ring-around the syphilis/RAS test). She performs the test MD (TOP 9 -
on 100 patients known to have syphilis and 100 patients FEB 2013
known not to have syphilis, w/ the ff.results: MED
(+) syphilis (-) syphilis BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
RAS test + 91 12 MD)
RAS test - 9 88
All of the following are correct about the RAS test, except:
A. Sensitivity of RAS test = 91%
B. Specificity of test = 12%
C. False negative rate = 9%
D. False positive rate = 12 %

699 In comparing the difference between two means, the value p should be , 0.05 to reject null hypothesis so it is MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
of p if found to be 0.70. You interpret this as: not statistically significant JAY AUG 2013
A. The null hypothesis is rejected FRANCISCO,
B. The difference is compatible with the null hypothesis MD (TOP 9 -
C. The difference occurred by chance FEB 2013
D. The difference occurred is statistically significant MED
E. Sampling variation is an unlikely explanation of the BOARDS;
difference. TOPNOTCH
MD)
700 The development of neuropathic symptoms is associated Organic Hg- intention tremor MICHELLE MIDTERM 1 -
with chronic exposure to all of the following substances Lead poisoning – peripheral neuropathy & ataxia JAY AUG 2013
except: Nitrous oxide- same as neuropathy seen in FRANCISCO,
A. Mercury pernicious anemia MD (TOP 9 -
B. Lead Sulphur dioxide – irritation to mucous membrane FEB 2013
C. Arsenic MED
D. Sulphur dioxide BOARDS;
TOPNOTCH
MD)


Item # ANSWER 88 D 176 A 264 D 352 A

1 D 89 B 177 B 265 A 353 C
2 B 90 C 178 B 266 C 354 D
3 B 91 C 179 C 267 A 355 A
4 D 92 E 180 D 268 C 356 D
5 C 93 C 181 D 269 D 357 A
6 B 94 B 182 B 270 C 358 A
7 A 95 C 183 B 271 B 359 D
8 C 96 D 184 B 272 D 360 B
9 B 97 A 185 A 273 E 361 E
10 A 98 D 186 E 274 A 362 D
11 E 99 A 187 C 275 B 363 C
12 C 100 D 188 B 276 A 364 A
13 C 101 A 189 A 277 D 365 D
14 C 102 D 190 E 278 B 366 C
15 C 103 B 191 E 279 B 367 A
16 C 104 C 192 B 280 C 368 D
17 D 105 B 193 D 281 B 369 D
18 A 106 B 194 A 282 D 370 C
19 D 107 E 195 A 283 A 371 E
20 C 108 D 196 D 284 D 372 C
21 C 109 A 197 D 285 B 373 B
22 C 110 C 198 B 286 E 374 B
23 D 111 A 199 C 287 A 375 C
24 D 112 C 200 C 288 C 376 D
25 A 113 D 201 A 289 B 377 C
26 E 114 D 202 C 290 C 378 D
27 C 115 B 203 D 291 E 379 E
28 D 116 D 204 D 292 D 380 C
29 C 117 D 205 C 293 C 381 E
30 D 118 E 206 A 294 A 382 E
31 C 119 A 207 B 295 E 383 B
32 B 120 B 208 C 296 B 384 B
33 C 121 A 209 A 297 D 385 C
34 A 122 A 210 D 298 B 386 A
35 A 123 C 211 B 299 C 387 C
36 D 124 B 212 E 300 A 388 D
37 E 125 B 213 D 301 D 389 A
38 E 126 E 214 B 302 A 390 C
39 D 127 A 215 B 303 B 391 B
40 D 128 C 216 D 304 B 392 D
41 B 129 D 217 A 305 A 393 B
42 C 130 A 218 D 306 C 394 A
43 B 131 B 219 E 307 B 395 C
44 B 132 A 220 B 308 B 396 B
45 C 133 E 221 D 309 D 397 D
46 A 134 D 222 C 310 A 398 A
47 A 135 E 223 C 311 A 399 A
48 B 136 B 224 A 312 B 400 B
49 B 137 C 225 D 313 E 401 E
50 C 138 B 226 A 314 B 402 A
51 A 139 E 227 B 315 B 403 C
52 E 140 D 228 C 316 E 404 E
53 A 141 C 229 B 317 A 405 D
54 C 142 D 230 A 318 B 406 C
55 C 143 A 231 D 319 A 407 D
56 B 144 A, C, D 232 B 320 C 408 B
57 A 145 E 233 C 321 B 409 B
58 B 146 D 234 A 322 E 410 D
59 C 147 B 235 B 323 E 411 A
60 B 148 C 236 E 324 E 412 C
61 B 149 A 237 B 325 C 413 C
62 D 150 C 238 C 326 C 414 C
63 C 151 B 239 A 327 C 415 C
64 A 152 A 240 D 328 A 416 B
65 C 153 A 241 B 329 C 417 B
66 A 154 C 242 D 330 C 418 C
67 E 155 B 243 B 331 E 419 A
68 D 156 D 244 D 332 C 420 C
69 C 157 C 245 A 333 E 421 D
70 C 158 E 246 B 334 D 422 E
71 E 159 D 247 C 335 B 423 A
72 D 160 A 248 D 336 E 424 B
73 E 161 B 249 E 337 D 425 B
74 A 162 A 250 E 338 D 426 D
75 C 163 C 251 A 339 D 427 D
76 B 164 E 252 D 340 C 428 D
77 A 165 D 253 A 341 B 429 C
78 C 166 E 254 C 342 D 430 C
79 D 167 C 255 A 343 B 431 A
80 B 168 C 256 D 344 B 432 D
81 C 169 A 257 B 345 A 433 D
82 A 170 B 258 A 346 D 434 A
83 D 171 D 259 C 347 C 435 A
84 C 172 E 260 A 348 B 436 B
85 B 173 C 261 B 349 B 437 C
86 A 174 B 262 D 350 C 438 A
87 B 175 C 263 E 351 B 439 A
440 B 529 D 618 B
441 D 530 D 619 D
442 A 531 B 620 D
443 E 532 C 621 C
444 C 533 D 622 D
445 A 534 C 623 D
446 B 535 A 624 A
447 C 536 D 625 D
448 C 537 B 626 C
449 B 538 A 627 E
450 A 539 A 628 E
451 E 540 A 629 A
452 A 541 C 630 A
453 D 542 C 631 A
454 B 543 B 632 E
455 A 544 D 633 E
456 D 545 C 634 D
457 D 546 D 635 D
458 C 547 C 636 C
459 B 548 C 637 D
460 B 549 A 638 A
461 C 550 B 639 E
462 B 551 C 640 A
463 A 552 E 641 E
464 D 553 D 642 D
465 C 554 D 643 C
466 C 555 E 644 C
467 B 556 C 645 A
468 C 557 E 646 B
469 A 558 E 647 B
470 A 559 E 648 B
471 C 560 C 649 B
472 C 561 A 650 B
473 D 562 D 651 B
474 C 563 C 652 E
475 B 564 D 653 D
476 E 565 C 654 D
477 A 566 A 655 D
478 D 567 B 656 D
479 B 568 D 657 C
480 C 569 B 658 E
481 A 570 A 659 E
482 B 571 A 660 A
483 C 572 A 661 B
484 A 573 A 662 D
485 D 574 A 663 D
486 C 575 A 664 E
487 D 576 D 665 A
488 C 577 E 666 B
489 A 578 D 667 D
490 A 579 D 668 E
491 D 580 E 669 E
492 B 581 C 670 A
493 B 582 C 671 D
494 B 583 A 672 C
495 A 584 A 673 B
496 A 585 B 674 B
497 C 586 D 675 D
498 B 587 B 676 C
499 D 588 A 677 A
500 D 589 A 678 D
501 C 590 A 679 D
502 B 591 D 680 C
503 A 592 E 681 B
504 D 593 D 682 A
505 C 594 B 683 D
506 C 595 B 684 D
507 B 596 C 685 A
508 C 597 D 686 B
509 A 598 A 687 A
510 A 599 A 688 C
511 C 600 A 689 A
512 C 601 C 690 C
513 D 602 B 691 C
514 C 603 A 692 D
515 B 604 C 693 C
516 E 605 C 694 D
517 A 606 D 695 D
518 D 607 E 696 A
519 B 608 A 697 A
520 C 609 C 698 B
521 A 610 A 699 B
522 D 611 D 700 D
523 C 612 C
524 C 613 C
525 D 614 B
526 D 615 D
527 B 616 A
528 C 617 C

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202 Which correctly describes infant mortality? GRACE DIAGNOSTIC

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464 Which of the following measures is used frequently as a LUISA BACK-UP

467 The occurrence of a group of illnesses of a similar nature at LUISA BACK-UP

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536 On routine annual screening, an asymptomatic 27-year-old MIGUEL MIDTERM 1

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