Learning Target (LT): Name:

I understand and can apply the principles Class: Coord. Algebra

of parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes
Questions Notes

WARM-UP:

Civil engineers are planning

a new shopping center
downtown. They would like
the entrance to the center
to be perpendicular to the
street represented by the
1
equation 𝑦 = 5 𝑥 + 2.

1. Write an equation that

would represent the
entrance to the shopping
center. Explain you
reasoning.

2. A second entrance will run parallel to the first entrance. Write AN equation that
would represent a second entrance to the shopping center.

1
 Learning Target (LT): Name:
I understand and can apply the principles of Class: Coord. Algebra
parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes

Questions Notes

Discussion:

1. What do you remember about the slopes of two parallel lines?

2. What do you remember about two perpendicular lines?

Writing equation PARALLEL to a given line THROUGH a given Point.

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 Learning Target (LT): Name:
I understand and can apply the principles Class: Coord. Algebra
of parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes

Questions Notes

Example 1: Write the slope-intercept form of an equation for the line that
passes through point (5,-2) and is parallel to the line 8x – 2y = 6.

Let’s follow the steps laid out above:

Step 1: Re-write the given equation in slope-intercept form.

Step 2: Identify the slope of the given line.

Step 3: Write the general point-slope form of the line equation.

Step 4: Substitute the slope of the given line into the general equation
Step 5: Substitute the x and y from the given point into the (x1, y1)

Y – y1 = m (X – x1)

Step 6: Simplify the equation

Step 7: Rewrite the equation in slope-intercept form, if necessary.

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 Learning Target (LT): Name:
I understand and can apply the principles Class: Coord. Algebra
of parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes

Questions Notes

Example 2: Write the slope-intercept form of an equation for the line that
passes through point (-1,6) and is perpendicular to the line -10x + 5y = 20.

Follow the steps again . . .

Step 1: Re-write the given equation in slope-intercept form.

Step 2: Identify the slope of the given line.

Step 3: Write the general point-slope form of the line equation.

Step 4: Substitute the slope of the given line into the general equation
Step 5: Substitute the x and y from the given point into the (x1, y1)

Y – y1 = m (X – x1)

Step 6: Simplify the equation

Step 7: Rewrite the equation in slope-intercept form, if necessary.

4
 Learning Target (LT): Name:
I understand and can apply the principles Class: Coord. Algebra
of parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes

Questions Notes

Finding the SHORTEST DISTANCE between a given point and given line

Example 3: Find the point on line y = 4x - 1 that is closest to point (-2,8).

Step 1:

Step 2:

Step 3:

Step 4:

Step 5:

Key Learnings:
1.
2.
3.

5
 Learning Target (LT): Name: TEACHER NOTES
I understand and can apply the principles Class: Coord. Algebra
of parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes
Questions Notes

WARM-UP:

Civil engineers are planning

a new shopping center
downtown. They would like
the entrance to the center
to be perpendicular to the
street represented by the
1
equation 𝑦 = 5 𝑥 + 2.

1. Write an equation that

would represent the
entrance to the shopping
center. Explain you
reasoning.

𝟏
The slope of the street is m = 𝟓. The perpendicular to that line will have a
slope that is the opposite reciprocal, being m = -5. Since the point (0,0) on
that perpendicular line, the y-intercept of the perpendicular line is 0. The
equation of the line is y = -5x.

2. A second entrance will run parallel to the first entrance. Write AN equation that
would represent a second entrance to the shopping center.

The slope of the second entrance would be -5 since the entrance is parallel
to the first entrance. Any value of b in the equation y = -5x + b other than
zero would work. For example, you could use y = -5x + 4.

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 Learning Target (LT): Name: TEACHER NOTES
I understand and can apply the principles of Class: Coord. Algebra
parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes

Questions Notes

Discussion:

1. What do you remember about the slopes of two parallel lines?

 They has the same slope AND a different y-intercept.

2. What do you remember about two perpendicular lines?

 The have slopes that are opposite sign reciprocals.

 The product of the two slopes is -1
 They intersect, and we can calculate the intersection by equating
the two separate lines that are both in the slope y-intercept form.

Writing equation PARALLEL to a given line THROUGH a given Point.

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 Learning Target (LT): Name: TEACHER NOTES
I understand and can apply the principles Class: Coord. Algebra
of parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes

Questions Notes

Example 1: Write the slope-intercept form of an equation for the line that
passes through point (5,-2) and is parallel to the line 8x – 2y = 6.

Let’s follow the steps laid out above:

Step 1: Re-write the given equation in slope-intercept form.

y = 4x – 3

Step 2: Identify the slope of the given line.

m = 4

Step 3: Write the general point-slope form of the line equation.

Step 4: Substitute the slope of the given line into the general equation
Step 5: Substitute the x and y from the given point into the (x1, y1)

Y – y1 = m (X – x1)

Y – (-2) = 4 (X – 5)

Step 6: Simplify the equation

Y – (-2) = 4 (X – 5)
Y = 4x – 20 – 2 (Watch the signs)
Y = 4x - 22

Step 7: Rewrite the equation in slope-intercept form, if necessary.

Y = 4x - 22

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 Learning Target (LT): Name: TEACHER NOTES
I understand and can apply the principles Class: Coord. Algebra
of parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes

Questions Notes

Example 2: Write the slope-intercept form of an equation for the line that
passes through point (-1,6) and is perpendicular to the line -10x + 5y = 20.

Follow the steps again . . .

Step 1: Re-write the given equation in slope-intercept form.

y = 2x + 4

Step 2: Identify the slope of the given line.

m = 2 . . . . and the opposite Reciprocal is m = -½

Step 3: Write the general point-slope form of the line equation.

Step 4: Substitute the slope of the given line into the general equation
Step 5: Substitute the x and y from the given point into the (x1, y1)

Y – y1 = m (X – x1)

Y – 6 = -½ (X – (-1) )

Step 6: Simplify the equation

Y – 6 = -½ (X – (-1) )
Y = -½X – ½ + 6 (Watch the signs)
𝟏 𝟏𝟏
Y = −𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟐

Step 7: Rewrite the equation in slope-intercept form, if necessary.

𝟏 𝟏𝟏
Y = −𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟐

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 Learning Target (LT): Name: TEACHER NOTES
I understand and can apply the principles Class: Coord. Algebra
of parallel and perpendicular lines. Period:
(Standard G.GPE.5.) Date: March 19, 2015
Cornell Notes

Questions Notes

Finding the SHORTEST DISTANCE between a given point and given line

Example 3: Find the point on line y = 4x - 1 that is closest to point (-2,8).

Step 1: The slope of the given line is 4, so the slope of the perp. line is m =
–¼. With point (-2,8), 8 = - ¼ (-2) + b. b = 7.5. So equation of perp line
is y = -0.25x + 7.5.

Step 2: We want the intersection of y = -0.25x + 7.5 and y = 4x - 1.

Step 3: Solving for x, -0.25x + 7.5 = 4x + 1. x = 2.

Step 4: If x = 2, y = 4(2) -1 = 7. So the point of intersection is (x,y) =

(2,7).

Step 5: The distance from (-2,8) and (2,7) = √(−𝟐 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝟖 − 𝟕)𝟐 = √𝟏𝟕 =
4.123 units

Key Learnings:
1. There are specific steps that can help us find meanful solutions to para & perp lines.
2. The SHORTEST DISTANCE between a line and a point lies on the perpendicular.
3. Need to be careful with signs.

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