CONE AND SPHERE – VOLUME AND SURFACE AREA.

RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE

Right circular cone is a solid formed by the revolution of a right angled triangle about one of
the sides containing a right angle.

Fig. – 1

Formula.

1. Volume = (1/3) pr2h, where r = radius of the circular base, h = height of the cone.
2. Curved Surface Area = πrl, where l = slant height and l2 = r2 + h2.
3. Total Surface Area = πr2 + πrl = πr(r + l).

FRUSTUM

When the upper portion of the cone is cut off by a plane surface parallel to the base, the
remaining solid is called frustum of the cone.

Fig. – 2

Example 1. A right circular cone has base radius 6 cm and height 8 cm. Find the following :

1. the slant height of the cone;

2. the surface area of the cone;
3. the total surface area of the cone;
4. the volume of the cone.

Solution :-

fig. – 3 .
(i) Here, slant height, l = ?, radius, r = 6 cm, height, h = 8 cm.
l2 = r2 + h2 = 62 + 82 = 36 + 64 = 100
l = √100 = 10 cm.
(ii) Surface area of the cone = πrl = (22/7)(6)(10) = 188.5 cm2.
(iii) Total surface area of the cone = πr(r + l) = (22/7)(6)(6 + 10) = 301.6 cm2.
(iv) Volume of the cone = (1/3) πr2h = (1/3)(22/7)(6)2(8) = 301.6 cm3.

Example 2. A conical tent has the area of its base as 154 m2 and that of its curved surface as
550 m2. find the volume of the tent.(Use π = 22/7).

Solution :- Area of the base = πr2 = 154

Or, (22/7)r2 = 154

Or, r2 = (154)(7/22) = 49
Or, r = 7 m.
Curved surface area = πrl = 550
Or, (22/7)(7)l = 550
Or, l = 550/22 = 25 m
l = r2 + h2
2

(25)2 = (7)2 + h22

Or, h2 = (25)2 – (7)2 = 576
Or, h = 24 m

Volume of the cone = (1/3)πr2h = (1/3) (22/7) (7)2(24) = 1232 m3.

Example – 3. What length of canvas 2 mts width is required to make a conical tent of 12 m
diameter and whose slant height is 6.3 m? Also find the cost of the canvas at the rate of
Rs.12.50 per meter. (Take π = 22/7).

Solution: - r = 12/2 = 6 m, l = 6.3 m

Curved surface area of the tent = πrl = (22/7)(6)(6.3) = 118.8 m2

Length of the canvas = 118.8 ⁄ 2 = 59.4 m

Cost of the canvas = Rs.12.50 × 59.4 = Rs.742.50

Example – 4. A hollow cone 24 cm high with base radius 7 cm is made of the sheet of a metal.
Find the area of the sheet of the metal required including the base. Also find the capacity of the
cone.

Solution :-l2 = r2 + h2 = (7)2 + (24)2 = 625

l = 25 cm

Total surface area of the cone = πr(r + l) = (22/7)(7)(7 + 25) = 704 cm2.

Capacity of the cone = (1/3)πr2h = (1/3)(22/7)(7)2(24) = 1232 cm3.

Example 5. The radius and slant height of a cone are in the ratio of 4 : 7. If its curved surface
area is 792 cm2, find its radius. (Use π = 22/7).

Solution :- r : l = 4 : 7

Let , r = 4x and l = 7x

Curved surface area = πrl = 792

Or, (22/7)(4x)(7x) = 792

Or, 88x2 = 792

Or, x2 = 9

Or, x = 3

Thus, r = (4)(3) = 12 cm.

Example – 6. A conical tent is to accommodate 11 persons. Each person must have 4 sq.
metres of the space on the ground and 20 cubic metres of air to breathe. Find the height of the
cone.

Solution :- Area of the base of the cone = πr2 = 11 × 4

Or, (22/7) r2 = 44

Or, r2 = (44)(7/22)
= 14

Volume of the tent = (1/3)πr2h = 11×20

(1/3)(22/7)(14)h = 220

h = (220)(3)(7/22)(1/14)

= 15 m.

Example – 7. A semi-circular thin sheet of metal of diameter 28 cm is bent and an open

conical cup is made. Find the capacity of the cup. (Use π = 22/7).

Solution :- Slant height of the conical cup, l = Radius of the semi-circular sheet, R = 14 cm.

Let radius and height of the conical cup be r and h respectively.

Circumference of the base of the cone = Length of arc of semi-circle

Or, 2πr = (1/2)2πR

Or, 2πr = (1/2)(2π)(14)

Or, r = 7 cm
l2 = r2 + h2
(14)2 = (7)2 + h2

Or, h2 = (14)2 – (7)2

Or, h = 14

Or, h = √(147)

Or, = 12.124 cm

Volume of the conical cup = (1/3)πr2h = (1/3)(3.14)(7)2(12.124)

= 621.76421 = 622 cm3.