Phy.

B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa

Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer
*Note: ​Motions A-E were conducted with the snakey stretched to 4.5 m

PART I: WAVES IN A SLINKY

Velocity
Measurement (m) Times (s)
(m/s)

Motion A: 1 (6.75/1.11)
7.02 5.86 6.25 1.27 1.15 0.90
side 1 pulse = ​6.08

Average (7.02+5.86+6.25)/3 = ​6.75 (1.27+1.15+0.90/3) = ​1.11

Motion B: 1 (9/1.59) =
9.09 9.39 7.41 1.22 1.03 2.51
side 2 pulses 5.66

Average (9.09+9.39+7.41)/3 = ​9 (1.22+1.03+2.51/3) = ​1.59

Motion C: 2
(9/1.87) =
sides same 8.61 8.25 9.56 2.04 2.07 1.49
4.81
direction pulse

Average (8.61+8.25+9.56)/3 = ​9 (2.04+2.07+1.49/3) = ​1.87

Motion D: 2
(7.88/1.69)
sides opp. 9.82 7.34 6.69 1.70 1.68 1.69
= ​4.66
direction pulse

Average (9.82+7.34+6.69)/3 = ​7.88 (1.70+1.68+1.69/3) = ​1.69

See observation and diagrams sheet for Motion E: longitudinal waves

 Phy. B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa
Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer
*Note: ​Motions A-E were conducted with the snakey stretched to 6.5 m. Motions F and
G were conducted at 4 m.

PART II: WAVES IN A SNAKEY

Velocity
Measurement (m) Times (s)
(m/s)

Motion A: 1 (19.5/1.14)
20.7 18.9 18.9 1.01 1.03 1.38
side 1 pulse = ​17.11

(1.01+1.03+
Average (20.7+18.9+18.9) = ​19.5
1.38/3) = ​1.14

Motion B: 1 (26/1.54)
28.0 26.6 28.0 1.27 1.89 1.47
side 2 pulses =16.88

(1.27+1.89+
Average (28+26.6+28) = ​26
1.47/3) = ​1.54

Motion C: 2
(19.5/1.56)
sides same 20.2 18.6 21.1 1.37 1.47 1.83
= 10.58
direction pulse

(1.37+1.47+
Average (20.2+18.6+21.1) = 1
​ 9.5
1.83/3) = ​1.56

Motion D: 2
(26/1.42)​ =
sides opp. 26.9 26.3 25.1 1.47 1.27 1.51
18.31
direction pulse

(1.47+1.27+
Average (26.9+26.3+25.1) = ​26
1.51/3) = ​1.42

See observation and diagrams sheet for Motion E: longitudinal waves at 6.5 m

Motion F: 2
(14/0.97) =
sides opp. 13.9 15.1 14.2 0.97 0.85 1.83
14.43
direction pulse

Average (13.9+15.1+14.2) = ​14 (0.97+0.85+1.83) = ​1.22

See observation and diagrams sheet for Motion G: longitudinal waves at 4 m

Phy. B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa
Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer

DIAGRAMS AND OBSERVATIONS (BOTH PARTS)

Part I: Waves In A Slinky
Motion A: 1 side 1 pulse

OBSERVATIONS
The pulse faded out after roughly two
passes and the pulse looked to be short
and fat.

Motion B: 1 side 2 pulses

OBSERVATIONS
When the first pulse reached the end of
the length the two pulses switched places
around the a node.

Motion C: 2 sides same direction pulse

OBSERVATIONS
Once the two pulses collide they created
one large wave with a bigger amplitude
and then diverged from each other.

Motion D: 2 sides opp. direction pulse

Phy. B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa
Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer

OBSERVATIONS
When the two pulses collide they created
a standing wave around a node in the
center.

Motion E: longitudinal waves

OBSERVATIONS
The pulses were barely visible as each one
was very weak and dissipated quickly.

Part II: Waves In A Snakey

Motion A: 1 side 1 pulse

OBSERVATIONS
The pulse was much wider than that of the
slinky and traveled the length roughly 3
times.

Motion B: 1 side 2 pulses

Phy. B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa
Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer

OBSERVATIONS
The pulses were bigger than that of the
slinky and required more force to create.

Motion C: 2 sides same direction pulse

OBSERVATIONS
Once the two pulses collide they created
one large wave with a bigger amplitude
and then diverged from each other.

Motion D: 2 sides opp. direction pulse

OBSERVATIONS
Much like the slinky, the two pulses
swapped places around a node created in
the middle.

Motion E: longitudinal waves at 6.5 m

Phy. B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa
Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer

OBSERVATIONS
The pulses were barely visible as each one
was very weak and dissipated quickly.

Motion F: 2 sides opp. direction pulse

OBSERVATIONS
The waves combined in the middle to form
a larger pulse with a larger amplitude and
then dispersed.

Motion G: longitudinal waves at 4 m

OBSERVATIONS
The pulses were barely visible as each one
was very weak and dissipated quickly.

QUESTIONS (lined paper)

1. The amplitude of the wave decreases as it travels through the slinky. This is because
of the system losing the energy that began the movement as it is traveling. For
example, in trial 1, where one person makes a quick sideways snap 30 cm away, the
beginning amplitude was the highest (more energy) then it began to decrease until
equilibrium.
Phy. B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa
Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer
2. The velocity of the wave as it travels through the slinky decreases over time. The
beginning, for all trials, the velocity was the fastest. Then, energy was lost gradually,
along with the velocity, until the slinky was still.

3. The velocity and amplitude don’t affect each other. The formula of the velocity of a
wave is frequency x wavelength, so amplitude plays no part in the velocity of the wave.
The amplitude depends on the energy of the wave: high energy, high amplitude or low
energy, low amplitude.

4. For all of the conducted trials, the sound that was associated with the wave motion
can be described as the sound of a loose spring being bounced. This sound comes from
the vibrating of the object traveling through the slinky waves.

5. The wavelength gets shorter as the pulses move. This is because, after each pulse,
the waves lose energy. As energy is lost, wavelength gets shorter, until it eventually
stops.

6. Pulses pass through when it is being pulled by one end and the wave goes through
until the very end. When being pulled by both ends the pulses pass through and bounce
off each other in the middle point until the pulses go all the way through.

7. The longitude wave had less velocity and didn’t really travel through all the way it
remained with the same amplitude for snakey and slinky. The transverse wave for the
slinky had more velocity throughout the slinky and the amplitude was high. The snakey
had the same result for transverse wave the velocity remained high as well as
amplitude.

8. The amplitude of the wave increases when it is traveling through the snakey, but
when it reaches towards the middle the amplitude decreases since it reached
equilibrium.

9. The velocity decreases throughout the snaky, but in the beginning the velocity is
higher the first trial has the time of 1.14 but throughout it decreases and leads to 1.51.

10. The relationship between the velocity and the amplitude is the velocity begins when
the coils are released and the amplitude comes along to create the velocity. They don’t
affect each other since velocity is the speed given and amplitude is the vibration
created.
Phy. B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa
Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer
11. As the wave motion travelled through the snakey, sound energy is released as the
coils slide across the floor. The sound is similar to dragging a chain across a hard
surface. The movement of the wave is detectable in the sound, as the velocity and
amplitude are reflected in the frequency of the sound released.

12. ​Wavelength ​is defined as the length of one complete cycle of a wave. As a pulse
travels along the slinky/snakey, the wavelength increases until the pulse completes its
cycle. After the cycle is completed, the wavelength is thus set, since a cycle has been
observed and recorded. For example, in the motion tested with the snakey where both
people pulse towards the same direction, the pulse travelled the length of the snakey
(6.5m), passing through the other wave as it travelled. Finally, it bounced off the end it
originated, travelling a total of 10.58m.

13. Pulses pass through each other. For the motion where the waves are on the same
side, at the moment where they are traveling through the same space they combine to
form a larger wave. They then separate back into the individual waves and continue in
their previous direction. This is referred to as constructive interference. The second
motion (waves in opposite directions) works in a similar way. When the waves reach the
same point, they subtract from each other in a way that eliminates the visible wave
entirely (unless the waves are unequal). As they move away, the instant part of the
wave isn’t overlapping it returns to its original size in the original direction. This is called
destructive interaction.

14. For both situations, transverse waves and longitudinal waves act similarly when
interacting. They have very different characteristics in their actual motion, specifically in
the direction of the movement. Transverse waves have amplitudes in the horizontal
direction. Longitudinal waves travel down the snakey in the x-direction. In both
situation, both transverse and longitudinal waves travel down the snakey, passing
through each other as they travel at a certain velocity for a certain wavelength.

15. The waves were timed in the transverse trials. For the less taut motions, the velocity
was slower. For a stretch of 6.5m, the velocity of the wave was 18.31 m/s. For the less
taut stretch of 4m, the velocity was 14.43 m/s. The means that less taut stretch
decreases wave velocity.

CONCLUSION (lined paper)

The velocities of the snakey were slower in comparison to the slinky’s velocities. This
could be because the snakey has more, tightly packed coils than the slinky does. The
Phy. B8 Dakota Wright | Vanessa
Delgado
Group #1 Jakob Morgan | Jillian
Taylor
Karolina Bailon
Energy Transfer
snakey’s time and velocity were still slower than the slinky’s when we had them
stretched at 4 meters. This means the snakey’s wave lasted longer than the slinky’s.
This also means that the snakey’s wave was more frequent during this time compared to
the slinky. The snakey also had a larger wavelength and amplitude than the slinky did.
The sound that emanated from the traveling waves of the slinky seemed to be louder
than the sound that came from the snakey. The wave of the snakey also sounded like
falling sand when it moved along the ground. It also had a lower pitch than the slinky’s
wave.