(7+,23,$1 (6,62 




67$1'$5'
)LUVWHGLWLRQ






 Milk and milk products ² Enumeration
 of colony-forming units of yeasts
and/or moulds ² Colony-count
technique at 25 °C


,&6


3XEOLVKHGE\(WKLRSLDQ6WDQGDUGV$JHQF\  
 
©ESA



    
(6,62

)RUHZRUG

7KLV (WKLRSLDQ 6WDQGDUG KDV EHHQ SUHSDUHG XQGHU WKH GLUHFWLRQ RI WKH 7HFKQLFDO &RPPLWWHH IRU 0LON DQG 0LON
3URGXFWV 7&  DQG SXEOLVKHG E\ WKH (WKLRSLDQ 6WDQGDUGV $JHQF\ (6$ 7KH VWDQGDUG LV LGHQWLFDO ZLWK ,62
0LONDQGPLONSURGXFWV²(QXPHUDWLRQRIFRORQ\IRUPLQJXQLWVRI\HDVWVDQGRUPRXOGV²&RORQ\FRXQWWHFKQLTXH
DWƒ&SXEOLVKHGE\WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO2UJDQL]DWLRQIRU6WDQGDUGL]DWLRQ,62
)RUWKHSXUSRVHRIWKLV(WKLRSLDQ6WDQGDUGWKHDGRSWHGWH[WVKDOOEHPRGLILHGDVIROORZV

x dŚĞƉŚƌĂƐĞ͞/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƚŝŽŶĂů^ƚĂŶĚĂƌĚ͟ƐŚĂůůďĞƌĞĂĚĂƐ͞ƚŚŝŽƉŝĂŶ^ƚĂŶĚĂƌĚ͖͟ĂŶĚ  
x A  full  stop  (.)  shall  substitute  comma  (,)  as  decimal  marker.

ŝŝ  

 ETHIOPIAN STANDARD ES ISO 6611:2012

Milk and milk products ² Enumeration of colony-forming units

of yeasts and/or moulds ² Colony-count technique at 25 °C

1 Scope
7KLV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6WDQGDUG VSHFLILHV D PHWKRG IRU WKH GHWHFWLRQ DQG HQXPHUDWLRQ RI FRORQ\IRUPLQJ XQLWV
&)8 RI YLDEOH \HDVWV DQGRU PRXOGV LQ PLON DQG PLON SURGXFWV E\ PHDQV RI WKH FRORQ\FRXQW WHFKQLTXH DW
ƒ&

7KHPHWKRGLVDSSOLFDEOHWR

 PLONOLTXLGPLONSURGXFWV

 GULHGPLONGULHGVZHHWZKH\GULHGEXWWHUPLONODFWRVH

 FKHHVH

 DFLGFDVHLQODFWLFFDVHLQUHQQHWFDVHLQ

 FDVHLQDWHDFLGZKH\SRZGHU

 EXWWHU

 IUR]HQPLONSURGXFWVLQFOXGLQJHGLEOHLFHV

 FXVWDUGGHVVHUWVIHUPHQWHGPLONDQGFUHDP

127( 7KLV PHWKRG LV QRW VXLWDEOH IRU D ODUJH QXPEHU RI WKHUPRODELOH \HDVWV LQ IUHVK FKHHVH ,Q VXFK FDVHV WKH
DJDUVXUIDFHSODWLQJPHWKRGLVSUHIHUUHG

2 Normative references
7KH IROORZLQJ UHIHUHQFHG GRFXPHQWV DUH LQGLVSHQVDEOH IRU WKH DSSOLFDWLRQ RI WKLV GRFXPHQW )RU GDWHG
UHIHUHQFHV RQO\ WKH HGLWLRQ FLWHG DSSOLHV )RU XQGDWHG UHIHUHQFHV WKH ODWHVW HGLWLRQ RI WKH UHIHUHQFHG
GRFXPHQWLQFOXGLQJDQ\DPHQGPHQWVDSSOLHV

,62Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs ² Preparation of test samples, initial suspension
and decimal dilutions for microbiological examination ² Part 1: General rules for the preparation of the initial
suspension and decimal dilutions

,62Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs ² General rules for microbiological examinations

,62°,') Milk and milk products ² General guidance for the preparation of test samples,
initial suspensions and decimal dilutions for microbiological examination

©ESA


1

ES ISO 6611:2012

3 Terms and definitions

)RUWKHSXUSRVHVRIWKLVGRFXPHQWWKHIROORZLQJWHUPVDQGGHILQLWLRQVDSSO\

3.1
yeasts and moulds
PLFURRUJDQLVPV ZKLFK DW ƒ& IRUP FRORQLHV LQ D VHOHFWLYH PHGLXP XQGHU WKH FRQGLWLRQV VSHFLILHG LQ WKLV
,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUG

4 Principle
4.1 3RXUHGSODWHVDUHSUHSDUHGXVLQJDVSHFLILHGVHOHFWLYHFXOWXUHPHGLXPDQGDVSHFLILHGTXDQWLW\RIWKH
WHVWVDPSOHLIWKHLQLWLDOSURGXFWLVOLTXLGRURIDQLQLWLDOVXVSHQVLRQLQWKHFDVHRIRWKHUSURGXFWV

2WKHU SODWHV DUH SUHSDUHG XQGHU WKH VDPH FRQGLWLRQV XVLQJ GHFLPDO GLOXWLRQV RI WKH WHVW VDPSOH RU RI WKH
LQLWLDOVXVSHQVLRQ

4.2 7KHSODWHVDUHDHURELFDOO\LQFXEDWHGDWƒ&IRUGD\V

4.3 7KHQXPEHURIFRORQ\IRUPLQJXQLWV&)8RI\HDVWVDQGRUPRXOGVSHUJUDPRUSHUPLOOLOLWUHRISURGXFW

LV FDOFXODWHG IURP WKH QXPEHU RI FRORQLHV REWDLQHG RQ SODWHV FKRVHQ DW GLOXWLRQ OHYHOV VR DV WR JLYH D
VLJQLILFDQWUHVXOW

5 Diluents and culture medium

)RUJHQHUDOJXLGDQFHVHH,62

5.1 Basic materials

6HH,62°,')

5.1.1 Diluents

)RUGLOXHQWVIRUJHQHUDOXVHDQGGLOXHQWVIRUVSHFLDOSXUSRVHVVHH,62°,')

5.1.2 Distribution, sterilization and storage of diluents

6HH,62°,')

5.2 Yeast extract/dextrose/oxytetracycline/agar medium

5.2.1 Basic medium

5.2.1.1 Components

<HDVWH[WUDFWSRZGHU J
'H[WURVH&+2 J
$JDU JWRJD
:DWHU PO
D 'HSHQGLQJRQWKHJHOVWUHQJWKRIWKHDJDU


5.2.1.2 Preparation

2 ©ESA

 
 ES ISO 6611:2012

'LVVROYHWKHFRPSRQHQWVRUGHK\GUDWHGFRPSOHWHPHGLXPLQWKHZDWHUE\KHDWLQJLIQHFHVVDU\

$GMXVWWKHS+LIQHFHVVDU\VRWKDWDIWHUVWHULOL]DWLRQLWLVDWƒ&

6WHULOL]HLQDQDXWRFODYHDWƒ&rƒ&IRUPLQ

5.2.2 Oxytetracycline hydrochloride solution

5.2.2.1 Components

2[\WHWUDF\FOLQHK\GURFKORULGH&+2˜+&O PJ

:DWHU PO


5.2.2.2 Preparation

'LVVROYH WKH R[\WHWUDF\FOLQH K\GURFKORULGH LQ WKH ZDWHU 7KH VROXWLRQ VKDOO EH IUHVKO\ SUHSDUHG EHIRUH XVH
6WHULOL]HWKHVROXWLRQE\PHDQVRIILOWUDWLRQ

5.2.3 Complete medium

5.2.3.1 Components

2[\WHWUDF\FOLQHK\GURFKORULGHVROXWLRQ PO
%DVLFPHGLXP PO


5.2.3.2 Preparation

&RRO WKH VWHULOL]HG EDVLF PHGLXP  WR ƒ& -XVW EHIRUH XVH EULQJ WKH R[\WHWUDF\FOLQH K\GURFKORULGH
VROXWLRQWRƒ&DQGDGGPORIWKLVVROXWLRQDVHSWLFDOO\WRPORIWKHEDVLFPHGLXP

5.3 Yeast extract/dextrose/chloramphenicol/agar medium

5.3.1 Components

<HDVWH[WUDFWSRZGHU J
'H[WURVH&+2 J
&KORUDPSKHQLFRO&+&O12 JD
$JDU JWRJE
:DWHU PO
D ,QRUGHUWRREWDLQDILQDOFRQFHQWUDWLRQRI—JPORIPHGLXP
E 'HSHQGLQJRQWKHJHOVWUHQJWKRIWKHDJDU


5.3.2 Preparation

'LVVROYHWKHFRPSRQHQWVLQWKHZDWHUE\KHDWLQJLIQHFHVVDU\

$GMXVWWKHS+LIQHFHVVDU\VRWKDWDIWHUVWHULOL]DWLRQLWLVDWƒ&

'LVSHQVHWKHDJDUPHGLXPLQWRVXLWDEOHFRQWDLQHUV

6WHULOL]HLQDQDXWRFODYHDWƒ&rƒ&IRUPLQ

©ESA 3

 
ES ISO 6611:2012

6 Apparatus and glassware

CAUTION ² Sterilize all apparatus that will come into contact with the test sample, the diluents, the
dilutions or the culture medium in accordance with ISO 8261°IDF 122:2001, 6.1.

'LVSRVDEOHDSSDUDWXVLVDQDFFHSWDEOHDOWHUQDWLYHWRUHXVDEOHJODVVZDUHLILWKDVVXLWDEOHVSHFLILFDWLRQV

8VXDO PLFURELRORJLFDO ODERUDWRU\ HTXLSPHQW WKH DSSDUDWXV UHTXLUHG IRU WKH SUHSDUDWLRQ RI WHVW VDPSOHV DQG
GLOXWLRQVDVVSHFLILHGLQ,62°,')DQGLQSDUWLFXODUWKHIROORZLQJ

6.1 Apparatus for dry sterilization (oven)RUwet sterilization (autoclave)

6HH,62

6.2 IncubatorFDSDEOHRIRSHUDWLQJDWƒ&rƒ&

6.3 Petri dishesRIPPWRPPGLDPHWHU

6.4 Graduated pipettesSOXJJHGZLWKFRWWRQZRROFDOLEUDWHGWRGHOLYHUPOrPORUPOrPORU

POrPO

6.5 Water bathFDSDEOHRIRSHUDWLQJDWƒ&rƒ&

6.6 Colony-counting equipment FRQVLVWLQJ RI DQ LOOXPLQDWHG EDVH ZLWK D GDUN EDFNJURXQG ILWWHG ZLWK D
PDJQLI\LQJOHQVWREHXVHGDWDPDJQLILFDWLRQRIuDQGDPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFGLJLWDOFRXQWHU

6.7 pH-meterWHPSHUDWXUHFRPSHQVDWHGDFFXUDWHWRrS+XQLWVDWƒ&

6.8 Culture bottlesRUflasks

%RWWOHVRUIODVNVZLWKQRQWR[LFPHWDOVFUHZFDSVPD\EHXVHG

7 Sampling
$ UHSUHVHQWDWLYH VDPSOH VKRXOG KDYH EHHQ VHQW WR WKH ODERUDWRU\ ,W VKRXOG QRW KDYH EHHQ GDPDJHG RU
FKDQJHGGXULQJWUDQVSRUWRUVWRUDJH

6DPSOLQJLVQRWSDUWRIWKHPHWKRGVSHFLILHGLQWKLV,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUG$UHFRPPHQGHGVDPSOLQJPHWKRG
LVJLYHQLQ,62

,Q FKHHVHV WKDW DUH PDWXUHG ZLWK D \HDVW RU PRXOG FRDW LW PD\ EH GHVLUDEOH WR H[FOXGH WKH FRDW IURP WKH
VDPSOH IRU DQDO\VLV ,Q WKHVH LQVWDQFHV WKH FRDW PD\ EH UHPRYHG XVLQJ D VWHULOH VFDOSHO RU NQLIH EHIRUH
VDPSOLQJLVFRPPHQFHG

8 Procedure

8.1 General
,QRUGHUWRLPSURYHWKHSUHFLVLRQRIWKHPHWKRGWKHSUHSDUDWLRQRIGLOXWLRQVVKRXOGEHFDUHIXOO\VWDQGDUGL]HG
)DFWRUVWKDWDIIHFWSUHFLVLRQDUHDVIROORZV

 W\SHRIEOHQGLQJHTXLSPHQW

 EOHQGLQJWLPH

 GLOXHQW

 WLPHDOORZHGIRUODUJHSDUWLFOHVWRVHWWOH

 PL[LQJWLPHDOORZHGLQWKHSUHSDUDWLRQRIGHFLPDOGLOXWLRQV

4 ©ESA

 
 ES ISO 6611:2012

CAUTION ² Usual aseptic precautions shall be taken. The operations described in 8.2 and 8.3 shall
not be carried out in sunlight.

8.2 Preparation of the test sample and primary dilution

6HH,62°,')

8.3 Further decimal dilutions

6HH,62°,')

8.4 Duration of the procedure

6HH,62

8.5 Inoculation and incubation

8.5.1 7DNHWZRVWHULOH3HWULGLVKHV7UDQVIHUWRHDFKGLVKE\PHDQVRIDVWHULOHSLSHWWHPORI

WKHWHVWVDPSOHLIOLTXLGRUPORIWKHLQLWLDOVXVSHQVLRQLQWKHFDVHRIRWKHUSURGXFWV

8.5.2 7DNHWZRIXUWKHUVWHULOH3HWULGLVKHV7UDQVIHUWRHDFKGLVKE\PHDQVRIDQRWKHUVWHULOHSLSHWWHPORI
WKHGLOXWLRQOLTXLGSURGXFWRUPORIWKHGLOXWLRQRWKHUSURGXFWV

8.5.3 ,IQHFHVVDU\UHSHDWWKLVRSHUDWLRQXVLQJIXUWKHUGHFLPDOGLOXWLRQV

8.5.4 3RXU DERXW PO RI WKH PHGLXP FRQWDLQLQJ R[\WHWUDF\FOLQH K\GURFKORULGH  RU WKH PHGLXP
FRQWDLQLQJFKORUDPSKHQLFROSUHYLRXVO\PHOWHGDQGPDLQWDLQHGDWƒ&LQWKHZDWHUEDWKLQWRHDFK
3HWULGLVK

8.5.5 &DUHIXOO\ PL[ WKH LQRFXOXP ZLWK WKH PHGLXP E\ URWDWLQJ WKH 3HWUL GLVKHV DQG DOORZ WKH PL[WXUH WR
VROLGLI\E\OHDYLQJWKH3HWULGLVKHVWRVWDQGRQDFRROKRUL]RQWDOVXUIDFH

8.5.6 7KH WLPH WDNHQ EHWZHHQ WKH SUHSDUDWLRQ RI WKH ILUVW GLOXWLRQ DQG WKH PL[LQJ RI WKH LQRFXOXP ZLWK WKH
PHGLXPVKDOOQRWH[FHHGPLQ

8.5.7 3UHSDUHDVXIILFLHQWQXPEHURIFRQWUROSODWHVWRFKHFNWKHVWHULOLW\

8.5.8 $IWHU LQYHUWLQJ WKH SUHSDUHG GLVKHV  SODFH WKHP ZKLOH NHHSLQJ LQ DQ XSULJKW SRVLWLRQ LQ WKH
LQFXEDWRUVHWDWƒ&IRUGD\V

7RSUHYHQWVSUHDGLQJVRPHSUHFDXWLRQVVKRXOGEHWDNHQVXFKDV

 WKHDGGLWLRQRIDQRYHUOD\HURIFXOWXUHPHGLXPDIWHUUHVROLGLI\LQJRU

 WKHDGGLWLRQRIDGURSRIJO\FHURORQILOWHUSDSHULQWKHOLGRIWKHGLVK

8.5.9 'RQRWVWDFNWKHGLVKHVPRUHWKDQVL[KLJK6HSDUDWHWKHVWDFNVRIGLVKHVIURPRQHDQRWKHUDQGIURP
WKHZDOOVDQGWRSRIWKHLQFXEDWRU

8.6 Interpretation

8.6.1 &RXQWWKHFRORQLHVRQHDFKGLVK$YRLGLQFOXGLQJWKHRFFDVLRQDOEDFWHULDOFRORQ\WKDWPD\KDYHJURZQ
,I UHTXLUHG GLVWLQJXLVK EHWZHHQ FRORQLHV RI \HDVWV DQG FRORQLHV RI PRXOGV RQ WKH EDVLV RI PRUSKRORJLFDO
FKDUDFWHULVWLFV6HH

©ESA

 5

ES ISO 6611:2012

8.6.2 5HWDLQ RQO\ GLVKHVFRQWDLQLQJDW OHDVWDQG QRWPRUHWKDQ FRORQLHV,ISDUWVRIWKH GLVKHVDUH

RYHUJURZQ E\ PRXOGV RU LI LW LV GLIILFXOW WR FRXQW ZHOOLVRODWHG FRORQLHV FRXQW FRORQLHV RQ GLVKHV DW WKH QH[W
KLJKHUGLOXWLRQHYHQWKRXJKWKHLUQXPEHUPD\EHOHVVWKDQ,QWKHODWWHUFDVHSURFHHGDVLQ

8.7 Confirmation
7KHLGHQWLW\RIDQ\SLQSRLQWRUGRXEWIXOFRORQLHVVKDOOEHLQYHVWLJDWHGE\PLFURVFRSLFH[DPLQDWLRQ

,IQHFHVVDU\FRQILUPDWOHDVW n RIWKHFRORQLHVPLFURVFRSLFDOO\ZKHUHnLVWKHQXPEHURIFRORQLHVFRXQWHG

9 Expression of results
9.1 5HWDLQGLVKHVFRQWDLQLQJDWOHDVWDQGQRWPRUHWKDQFRORQLHV

&DOFXODWH WKH QXPEHU RI &)8 RI \HDVWV DQGRU PRXOGV N SHU JUDP RU SHU PLOOLOLWUH RI SURGXFW XVLQJ WKH
IROORZLQJIRUPXOD

N
¦C 
 n   n  d

ZKHUH

¦C  LVWKHVXPRIFRORQLHVFRXQWHGRQWKHGLVKHVUHWDLQHG

n LVWKHQXPEHURIGLVKHVUHWDLQHGLQWKHILUVWGLOXWLRQUHVXOWLQJLQEHWZHHQDQGFRORQLHV

n LVWKHQXPEHURIGLVKHVUHWDLQHGLQWKHVHFRQGGLOXWLRQUHVXOWLQJLQEHWZHHQDQGFRORQLHV

d LVWKHGLOXWLRQIDFWRUFRUUHVSRQGLQJRIWKHILUVWGLOXWLRQ

,IWKHUHDUHPRUHWKDQWZRFRXQWDEOHGLOXWLRQVUHVXOWLQJLQEHWZHHQDQGFRORQLHVWKHIRUPXODVKRXOGEH
PRGLILHGWRWDNHLQWRDFFRXQWWKHIXUWKHUGLOXWLRQV)RUWKUHHGLOXWLRQVWKHIRUPXODEHFRPHV

N
¦C 
 n   n    n  d

ZKHUHnLVWKHQXPEHURIGLVKHVUHWDLQHGLQWKHWKLUGGLOXWLRQUHVXOWLQJLQEHWZHHQDQGFRORQLHV

5RXQG WKH UHVXOW REWDLQHG WR WZR VLJQLILFDQW ILJXUHV :KHQ WKH QXPEHU WR EH URXQGHG LV  ZLWK QR IXUWKHU
VLJQLILFDQW ILJXUHV URXQG WKH QXPEHU LPPHGLDWHO\ WR WKH OHIW RI WKH  WR JLYH DQ HYHQ ILJXUH )RU H[DPSOH
LVURXQGHGWRDQGLVURXQGHGWR

7DNHDVWKHUHVXOWWKHQXPEHURI&)8RI\HDVWVDQGRUPRXOGVSHUPLOOLOLWUHRUSHUJUDPRISURGXFWH[SUHVVHG
DVDQXPEHUEHWZHHQDQGPXOWLSOLHGE\xZKHUHxLVWKHDSSURSULDWHSRZHURI

(;$03/( $FRXQWRIWKH&)8RI\HDVWVDQGRUPRXOGVJDYHWKHIROORZLQJUHVXOWVWZR3HWULGLVKHVSHUGLOXWLRQZHUH

LQFXEDWHG

 DWWKHILUVWGLOXWLRQUHWDLQHGDQGFRORQLHV

 DWWKHVHFRQGGLOXWLRQUHWDLQHGDQGFRORQLHV

N
¦C 
 n   n  d

6 ©ESA

 
 ES ISO 6611:2012

       
  
>   u @  

5RXQGLQJWKHUHVXOWVDVVSHFLILHGLQJLYHVRUu&)8RI\HDVWVDQGRUPRXOGVSHUJUDPRUSHUPLOOLOLWUHRI
SURGXFW

9.2 ,I WKH WZR GLVKHV FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WR WKH WHVW VDPSOH OLTXLG SURGXFWV RU WKH LQLWLDO VXVSHQVLRQ RWKHU
SURGXFWVFRQWDLQOHVVWKDQFRORQLHVUHSRUWWKHUHVXOWDVIROORZV

 OHVVWKDQ&)8RI\HDVWVDQGRUPRXOGVSHUPLOOLOLWUHOLTXLGSURGXFWV

 OHVVWKDQud&)8RI\HDVWDQGRUPRXOGVSHUJUDPRWKHUSURGXFWVZKHUH dLVWKHGLOXWLRQIDFWRURI

WKHLQLWLDOVXVSHQVLRQ

9.3 ,I WKHUH DUH RQO\ GLVKHV FRQWDLQLQJ PRUH WKDQ FRORQLHV FDOFXODWH DQ HVWLPDWHG FRXQW IURP GLVKHV
KDYLQJDFRXQWQHDUHVWWRFRORQLHVDQGPXOWLSO\WKLVQXPEHUE\WKHUHFLSURFDORIWKHYDOXHFRUUHVSRQGLQJ
WR WKH KLJKHVW GLOXWLRQ 5HSRUW WKH UHVXOW DV WKH ³HVWLPDWHG QXPEHU RI FRORQ\IRUPLQJ XQLWV RI \HDVWV DQGRU
PRXOGVSHUJUDPRUSHUPLOOLOLWUHRISURGXFW´

10 Repeatability
7KH DEVROXWH GLIIHUHQFH EHWZHHQ WZR LQGHSHQGHQW VLQJOH WHVW UHVXOWV REWDLQHG XVLQJ WKH VDPH PHWKRG RQ
LGHQWLFDOWHVWPDWHULDOLQWKHVDPHODERUDWRU\E\WKHVDPHRSHUDWRUXVLQJWKHVDPHHTXLSPHQWZLWKLQDVKRUW
LQWHUYDORIWLPHZLOOLQQRWPRUHWKDQRIFDVHVEHJUHDWHUWKDQRIWKHORZHUUHVXOW

,IWKHUHSHDWDELOLW\UHTXLUHPHQWVDUHQRWPHWDQLQYHVWLJDWLRQLQWRSRVVLEOHVRXUFHVRIHUURUVKRXOGEHFDUULHG
RXW

127( )RUUHSHDWDELOLW\GHILQLWLRQVVHH,62

11 Test report
7KHWHVWUHSRUWVKDOOVSHFLI\

D DOOLQIRUPDWLRQQHFHVVDU\IRUWKHFRPSOHWHLGHQWLILFDWLRQRIWKHVDPSOH

E WKHVDPSOLQJPHWKRGXVHGLINQRZQ

F WKHWHVWPHWKRGXVHGZLWKUHIHUHQFHWRWKLV,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUG

G DOO RSHUDWLQJ GHWDLOV QRW VSHFLILHG LQ WKLV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6WDQGDUG RU UHJDUGHG DV RSWLRQDO WRJHWKHU ZLWK
GHWDLOVRIDQ\LQFLGHQWVZKLFKPD\KDYHLQIOXHQFHGWKHWHVWUHVXOWV

H WKHWHVWUHVXOWVREWDLQHGFOHDUO\PHQWLRQLQJWKHPHWKRGRIH[SUHVVLRQXVHG

©ESA

 7

ES ISO 6611:2012

Bibliography

>@ ,62Milk and milk products ² Guidance on sampling

>@ ,62 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results ² Part 1:
General principles and definitions

>@ ,62$ccuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results ² Part 2: Basic
method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method


 (TXLYDOHQWWR,')

8 ©ESA