LESSON NOTES

Must-Know Japanese Sentence

Structures S1 #7
Must-Know Japanese Sentence
Structures: Talking About
Belongings

CONTENTS
2 Kanji
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Vocabulary Phrase Usage

7
5 Grammar

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 KANJI

1. 時間があります。

2. 約束があります。

3. お願いがあります。

4. アレルギーがあります。

5. アレルギーがありません。

6. アレルギーがありますか。

ROMANIZATION

1. Jikan ga arimasu.

2. Yakusoku ga arimasu.

3. O-negai ga arimasu.

4. Arerugī ga arimasu.

5. Arerugī ga arimasen.

6. Arerugī ga arimasu ka.

ENGLISH

1. I have time.

CONT'D OVER

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2. I have an appointment.

3. I have a favor to ask.

4. I have an allergy.

5. I don't have an allergy.

6. Do you have an allergy?

VOCABULARY

Kanji Kana R omaji English C lass

予定 よてい yotei plan noun

仕事 しごと shigoto work noun

自信 jishin confidence noun

アレルギー アレルギー arerugī allergy noun

虫歯 むしば mushiba cavity noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

予定があります。 今夜、予定がありますか。
Yotei ga arimasu. Konya, yotei ga arimasu ka.

I have a plan. Do you have any plans tonight?

仕事があります。　 私は、土曜日も仕事をします。
Shigoto ga arimasu. Watashi wa doyōbi mo shigoto o shimasu.

I have my work. I also work on Saturdays.

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自信があります。 アレルギーがあります。
Jishin ga arimasu. Arerugī ga arimasu.

I have confidence. I have an allergy.

ピーナッツアレルギーがあります。 虫歯があります。
Pīnattsu arerugī ga arimasu. 虫歯があります。

I'm alllergic to peanuts. I have a cavity.

VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE

Related Words and Phrases

Using the pattern you just learned, use the following information to substitute the first element:

Pattern

[something] + が + あります。
"I have [something]."

For example:

1. 約束があります。
Yakusoku ga arimasu.
"I have an appointment."

Replace "something" with: Word Class

アレルギー arerugī allergy noun

仕事 shigoto work noun

虫歯 mushiba cavity noun

自信 jishin confidence noun

予定 yotei plan noun

For example:

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1. アレルギーがあります。
Arerugī ga arimasu.
"I have an allergy."

2. 仕事があります。
Shigoto ga arimasu.
"I have my work."

3. 虫歯があります。
Mushiba ga arimasu.
"I have a cavity."

4. 自信があります。
Jishin ga arimasu.
"I have confidence."

5. 予定があります。
Yotei ga arimasu.
"I have a plan."

GRAMMAR

T he Focus of T his Le sson is A Se nt e nce Pat t e rn f or Talking About Be longings

Use the following pattern to talk about belongings:

[something] + が + あります。

[something] + ga + arimasu.

"I have [something]."

For example:

1. 時間があります。
Jikan ga arimasu.
"I have time."

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To say "I have [something]." in Japanese; literally, something you have. The subject, in this
case "time" (jikan), comes at first; [something] is followed by the subject marking particle
(ga ), then the verb (arimasu); (Jikan ga arimasu.)

T he Ve rbs "t o e xist " and "t o have " f or Inanimat e T hings

The verb あります (arimasu) means "to exist" and "to have," and is used for inanimate
things or intangible things, such cars and buildings, or time and illnesses.

To change it into its negative form, use -ません (-masen) instead of -ます (-masu) → あり
ません (arimasen.)

Let's see some sentences with arimasu:

1. 車があります。
Kuruma ga arimasu.
"I have a car."

2. やる気がありません。
Yaruki ("motivation") ga arimasen.
"I don't have motivation."

Re vie w

To say that you have something, first state that [something], then the subject marking
particle (ga ) and the verb (arimasu) at the end.

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