Invention of Boolean Algebra:

Boolean circuit, a mathematical model for digital logical

circuits. Boole's syllogistic is a logic invented by 19th-century British
mathematician George Boole, which attempts to incorporate the "empty set."

Boolean algebra was introduced by George Boole in his first

book. The Mathematical Analysis of Logic (1847), and set forth more fully in an
Investigation of the Laws of Thought (1854). According to Huntington, the term
"Boolean algebra" was first suggested by Sheffer in 1913.

Boolean algebra:

In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is

the branch of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values true
and false, usually denoted 1 and 0 respectively.

Use of Boolean algebra:

Boolean Algebra is used to analyze and simplify the digital

(logic) circuits. It uses only the binary numbers i.e. 0 and 1. It is also called as
Binary Algebra or logical Algebra. Boolean algebra was invented by George Boole
in 1854.

Named after the nineteenth-century mathematician George

Boole, Boolean logic is a form of algebra in which all values are reduced to either
TRUE or FALSE. Boolean logic is especially important for computer science
because it fits nicely with the binary numbering system, in which each bit has a
value of either 1 or 0.
Boolean calculator:
A Boolean calculator is a calculator used to performs the logical operations such as
AND, OR, NAND, NOR, NOT and X-OR etc.

Hardware:

 ALU 74181:
The 74181 is a bit slice arithmetic logic unit (ALU), implemented
as a 7400 series TTL integrated circuit. The first complete ALU on a single
chip, it was used as the arithmetic/logic core in the CPUs of many
historically significant minicomputers and other devices.
The 74181 represents an evolutionary step between the CPUs of
the 1960s, which were constructed using discrete logic gates, and today's
single-chip CPUs or microprocessors. Although no longer used in
commercial products, the 74181 is still referenced in computer
organization textbooks and technical papers. It is also sometimes used in
'hands-on' college courses, to train future computer architects.
  AND GATE:
The AND gate is a basic digital logic gate that implements logical
conjunction - it behaves according to the truth table to the right. A HIGH
output (1) results only if both the inputs to the AND gate are HIGH (1). If
neither or only one input to the AND gate is HIGH, a LOW output results.

 Push On/Off button

 D Flip Flop:
The D flip-flop is widely used. It is also known as a "data" or
"delay" flip-flop. It captures the value of the D-input at a definite portion of
the clock cycle (such as the rising edge of the clock). That captured value
becomes the Q output. At other times, the output Q does not change. The D
flip-flop can be viewed as a memory cell, a zero-order hold, or a delay line.

Block Diagram of Boolean Calculator:

Circuit Diagram (On Proteus):
Sources: Wikipedia
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_logical_organization/boolean_algebra.ht
m
http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~zsr27/boolean%20review.html