Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
EBCS2
CENG 6504 Concrete Structures 14
Stress-Strain Curves for Concrete
Stress-strain curves for normal weight concrete in compression
EBCS 2
C293)
o The split cylinder test (ASTM C496)
6M
f r = 2 ; f r = 7.5 f c ( ACI )
'
bh
CENG 6504 Concrete Structures 23
Uniaxial Strength of Concrete
2P
f sp =
p ld
f sp = 6.7 f ACI
c
'
Fatigue
Concrete may fail under repeated loads that are not large enough
to cause failure in a single application. The concrete strength
decreases with an increase in the number of cycles.
For this purpose, the modified Goodman diagram shown on next
page may be used. This diagram is based on the observation that
the fatigue strength of plain concrete is essentially the same
whether the mode of loading is tension, compression, or flexure.
CENG 6504 Concrete Structures 28
Uniaxial Cyclic Compressive
Behavior of Concrete
For example, consider a
structural element
to be designed for one
million repetitions. If the
minimum stress is 15% of
the static ultimate
strength, then the
maximum stress that will
cause fatigue failure is
about 57% of static
ultimate strength.
A simplified design
model proposed by
Tasuju, Nilson, and
Slate
f 2max 1 é æ e ö æ e ö2 ù
= f 2 = f 2max ê 2 ç 2 ÷ - ç 2 ÷ ú
fc'
0.8 + 170e1 êë è e 0 ø è e 0 ø úû
CENG 6504 Vecchio and Collins
Concrete Structures 36
Strength under Biaxial and Triaxial
Loadings
Under triaxial loadings, the mode of failure involves
either tensile fracture parallel to the maximum
compressive stress and thus orthogonal to the
maximum tensile strain if such exists, or a shearing
mode of failure. The strength and ductility of concrete
under triaxial compression exceed those under uniaxial
compression.
Experimental studies show that the longitudinal stress at failure:
s1 = f + 4.1s 3
c
'
2 As f sp
f2 = ; f c max = f c' + 4.1 f 2
Ds
As f sp
f c max = f + 8.2
c
'
Ds
volume of lateral steel p DAsp 4 Asp
r '' = = =
volume of confined core p D s / 4
2
Ds
\ f c max = f c' + 2.05 r '' f sp
2 As f sp As f sp
f2 = f2 =
Ds Ds
t
(e sh )t = g rhg vs (e sh )u
35 + t
where (ԑsh)t is the shrinkage strain after t days of drying and
(ԑsh)u is the ultimate value for drying shrinkage.
§ Duration of loading
§ Ambient conditions
§ Rate of loading