The three approach to research –modified (1)

POSITIVISM INTERPRETATIVE CRITICAL SOCIAL

SOCIAL SCIENCE SCIENCE
1. Reason for research To disciver natural To understand and To smash myths and
laws so people can describe meaningful empower people to
predict and control social science change society
events radically
2. Natural of social Stable pre existing Fluid definitions of a Conflict filled and
reality patterns of order that situation created by governed by hidden
can be discovered human interaction underlying structures
3. Human nature Self interested and Social beings who Creative, adaptive
rational individuals create meaning and people with unrealized
who are shaped by who constantly make potential, trapped by
exterrial forces sense of their world illusion and
exploitation
4. Role of common Clearly distinct from Powerful everyday False beliefs that hide
sense and less valid than theorist used by power and objective
science ordinary people conditions
5. Theory looks like A logical, deductive A description of how A critique that reveals
system of group’s meaning true conditions and
interconnected system is generated helps people see that
definitions, axioms, and sustained way to better world
and laws
6. An explanation that Is logically connected Resonates or feels Wupplies people with
its true to laws and based on right to those who are tools needed to
fact being studied change the world
7. Good evidence Is based on precise Is embedded in the Is informed by a theory
observations that context of fluid social that unveils illusion
others can repeat interaction
8. Place for values Science is value free, Values are integral part All sciences must begin
and values have no of social live: no with a value position:
place except when group’s values are some positions are
choosing a topic wrong, only different right, some are wrong