prepared by

Mr.Satheesh Raju.D; Mr.M.Naga Raja Kumar

Assistant Professor of English
Department of Humanities and Sciences
Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences Rajampet

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 The Sentence is the largest
grammatical unit in language English; it
refers to a group of words that begin
with a capital letter and ends with any of
these three punctuation marks: the
period or full stop (.), the exclamation
mark (!) and the question mark (?).

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 1. I completed the task.
 2. Look, He completed the
task!
 3. Did he complete the task?

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 Based on Function i.e. use, sentence are
divided into four types, they are.

 Assertive/ Declarative
 Interrogative.
 Imperative.
 Exclamatory.

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 An assertive or a
declarative
sentence, is a
sentence that
expresses idea,
truth. It asserts
the information.
 Declarative
Sentence Usually
ends with a full
stop (.).

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1. Ramu, went to playground.
2. Computer stores a lot of data.
3. An android phone is necessary these
day.

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 An
Interrogative
sentence is
used to ask
questions.
 Usually this
ends with a
Question Mark.
(?)
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 ‘Auxiliaries’ or ‘Wh’ words are used to frame
interrogative sentences.

 Examples:
1. What is your branch?
2. Where did you go last night?
3. Have you completed the assignment?

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 This type of
sentences are used
to express request,
threat, order,
command, and to
offer suggestions.
 Like declarative,
imperative
sentences also end
with a full stop (.).

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 John, Please close the door.
 Rita, do your work out now.
 You have to finish the work in an hour else
you will not be allowed to leave.
 You better purchase an iron box.
 Johny, you are so noisy, Stop talking.
 Hari, stop smoking, it is injurious to your
health.

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 A sentence which
expresses sudden,
strong emotion or
feeling is known
as Exclamation.
 Exclamatory
Sentences end
with an
Exclamatory
mark (!)
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 Hurrah, India won the match!
 What a beautiful place it is!
 Oh, You made it!
 How colorful the sky looks!
 Fantastic, Arun won the prize!

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 Sentence types based on structure

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 Based on the
Grammatical
structure(Composit
ion and relation
between clauses),
Sentences are
classified into
A. Simple
B. Compound
C. Complex

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 Before we identify different types of
sentences let us know the difference between
Clause and Phrase.

 Phrase is a cluster of words that operate as

one unit; this lacks subject and verb

 Clause is a cluster of words which contain

both Subject and Verb in it. This cluster may
give complete meaning or not.
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 Clause is a combination of a subject and
predicate, which may/ may not give complete
sense.

Example:
 I want milk.
 Sachin is a cricketer.

Note: Predicate is a cluster of words which include verb and

other parts excluding subject.
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 Eg:
 1. She ate.
(INDEPENDE
NT)
 2. She ate an
apple((INDEPE
NDENT),when
she came back
home.
(DEPENDENT)
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 A phrase is a group of words
which does not contain a
subject and a predicate, and
does not make complete
sense by itself. It depends
upon other words to make
sense.
 Eg:
 Andy lives on park street.
 Fleck is standing the behind
the mango tree.
 Note: The underlined part is a
phrase

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 A sentence
containing only one
independent clause
and no dependent
clause/s:

Example:

 “He went home

after class.”

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 Jack and Jill went up the hill.
 Stop!
 It rained.
 The tree branch broke.
 Perching on a branch, the eagle shrieked.
 Alice ran towards the stadium.
 The printer is out of ink.

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 A compound sentence is
a sentence that has at least
two independent clauses
joined by a comma, semicolon
or conjunction. An
independent clause is a clause
that has a subject and verb
and forms a complete
thought.
 Example:
'This house is too
expensive, and that house is too
small.

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 Definition: A complex sentence is made up of an
independent clause (the main clause) and one or
more dependent clauses.
 Example: John wrote an amazing paragraph.
 The DEPENDENT CLAUSE also has a subject
and a verb, but it cannot stand alone. ...
Example:
 When John wrote an amazing paragraph
(subordinating conjunction)

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 • I saw a man who
was wearing a white
shirt.
 • The girl bought a
doll which sings a song.
 • She gifted me a
book that has a great
knowledge
 • We helped a child
who was crying.
 • It is quite hot today
although it is raining
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 1. Visualizing a danger ahead, the traveler
became cautious. (compound)
 2. The student must accept his fault to escape
his punishment. (compound)
 3. The purpose of his visit to this place is not
known. (complex)
 4. All the laborers set out for their homes at
sunset. (complex)
 5. The old man was weak therefore he could not
walk properly. (Simple)

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 Sure Outcomes, Board of Editors, Orient Black
Swan , 2013.
 Essentials of English Grammar 2nd Editon,
Murphy, Raymond, Cambridge University Press,
1998<Publication year>
 http://www.weblearn.in/sentences/
 http://www2.ivcc.edu/rambo/eng1001/sentences
.htm
 http://www.k12reader.com/worksheet/sentence
s-simple-compound-or-complex/view/
 https://www.quia.com/quiz/2922118.html?AP_ra
nd=999963721
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