Exum

Pumps are designed to transport liquids, slurries and even solids (vacuum
pump) throughout the piping system. The number of pumps used in the plant is 21.

Conclusion
The number of pumps used in the plant is 21.

Main Equipment Sizing and Specification

1. Pump
Pump is one of many utilities equipment that support production process
of vanillin. This plant utilizing twelve pumps for entire process.
Table x (P-101) specification
Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-101
Function Transfer isoeugenol from storage to
reactor
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition
Isoeugenol Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,042186667
3
Flow rate (m /s) 3,90617E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 1080
Temperature (oC) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 1,799847
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 9,56109063
NPSHr (m) 9,573242645
Head (m) 10,15911481
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,003360061
BHP (kW) 0,004200076

Table x (P-102) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-101
Function Transfers KOH from storage to reactor
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition
KOH Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,041388889
3
Flow rate (m /s) 1,95231E-05
Density (kg/m3) 2120
o
Temperature ( C) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 133,322
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 5,256866628
NPSHr (m) 4,870604447
Head (m) 5,666464727
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,001838705
BHP (kW) 0,002298381
 Table x (P-103) specification
Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-103
Function Transfers K-isoeugenolat to reactor
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition
K-isoeugenolat Liquid
Isoeugenol Liquid
KOH Liquid
Water Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,083575556
3
Flow rate (m /s) 7,61113E-05
Density (kg/m3) 1098,07
o
Temperature ( C) 36,43
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 358,5044915
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 9,383769201
NPSHr (m) 9,382556325
Head (m) 10,00840787
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,006557833
BHP (kW) 0,008197291

Table x (P-104) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-104
Function Transfers K-vanilat to reactor
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

K-Vanilat Liquid
K-Isoeugenolat Liquid
Isoeugenol Liquid
KOH Liquid
Azobenzene Liquid
Nitrobenzene Liquid
DMSO Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,186458889
3
Flow rate (m /s) 0,000155382
Density (kg/m3) 1200
o
Temperature ( C) 36,05
Pressure difference (Pa) 124105,68
Pressure vapour (Pa) 260,4680735
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 10,16925823
NPSHr (m) 8,593922783
Head (m) 32,48317763
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,047485133
BHP (kW) 0,059356417

Table x (P-105) specification

 Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-105
Function Transfers Vanillin to reactor
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Vanillin Liquid
K-Vanilat Liquid
K-Isoeugenolat Liquid
Isoeugenol Liquid
HCl Liquid
Azobenzene Liquid
Nitrobenzene Liquid
DMSO Liquid
KCl Liquid
Water Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,255903333
3
Flow rate (m /s) 0,000213253
3
Density (kg/m ) 1200
Temperature (oC) 36,43
Pressure difference (Pa) 124105,68
Pressure vapour (Pa) 261,1174058
Specification Design
Type Rotary
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 9,362242782
NPSHr (m) 8,593867568
Head (m) 23,48677588
 Utility
FHP (kW) 0,047121099
BHP (kW) 0,058901374

Table x (P-106) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-106
Function Transfers stream S-102 to cooler CL-6
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Vanillin Liquid
K-Vanilat Liquid
K-Isoeugenolat Liquid
Isoeugenol Liquid
HCl Liquid
Azobenzene Liquid
Nitrobenzene Liquid
DMSO Liquid
KCl Liquid
Water Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,283681111
3
Flow rate (m /s) 0,000236401
Density (kg/m3) 1200
o
Temperature ( C) 35,1
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 258,8819152
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 8,586180129
NPSHr (m) 8,59405766
Head (m) 9,339481267
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,020771566
BHP (kW) 0,025964457

Table x (P-107) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-107
Function Transfers to first centrifugator
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Vanillin Liquid
K-Vanilat Liquid
K-Isoeugenolat Liquid
Isoeugenol Liquid
HCl Liquid
Azobenzene Liquid
Nitrobenzene Liquid
DMSO Liquid
KCl Liquid
Water Liquid
Diethylether Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,283681111
3
Flow rate (m /s) 0,000236401
Density (kg/m3) 1200
Temperature (oC) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 244,6602362
Specification Design
Type Reciprocating
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 8,864100849
NPSHr (m) 8,595266987
Head (m) 11,99512264
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,026677871
BHP (kW) 0,033347339

Table x (P-108) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-108
Function Transfers impurity vanillin to reactor
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Diethylether Liquid
Isoeugenol Liquid
Vanillin Liquid
Water Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,103118056
3
Flow rate (m /s) 0,000111389
3
Density (kg/m ) 925,7481
Temperature (oC) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 244,6602362
Specification Design
Type Reciprocating
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 10,89891188
NPSHr (m) 11,14160578
Head (m) 16,05626426
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,012980615
BHP (kW) 0,016225769

Table x (P-109) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-109
Function Transfers Vanillin-bisulfide to cooler
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Diethylether Liquid
Isoeugenol Liquid
Vanillin-bisulfide Liquid
Water Liquid
NaHSO3 Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,130895833
3
Flow rate (m /s) 0,000138889
Density (kg/m3) 942,45
o
Temperature ( C) 30
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 251,1644047
 Specification Design
Type Reciprocating
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 10,70870098
NPSHr (m) 10,94345238
Head (m) 10,87543329
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,011160623
BHP (kW) 0,013950779

Table x (P-110) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-110
Function Transfers stream to second
centrifugator
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Diethylether Liquid
Isoeugenol Liquid
Vanillin-bisulfide Liquid
Water Liquid
NaHSO3 Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,130895833
Flow rate (m3/s) 0,000138889
3
Density (kg/m ) 942,45
o
Temperature ( C) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 244,6602362
Specification Design
Type Reciprocating
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 10,7399024
NPSHr (m) 10,9441566
Head (m) 14,58922505
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,014971803
BHP (kW) 0,018714754

Table x (P-111) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-111
Function Transfers from stream S-117 to reactor
R-107
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Vanillin-bisulfide Liquid
Water Liquid
NaHSO3 Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,065479167
3
Flow rate (m /s) 6,52778E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 1003,085
o
Temperature ( C) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 244,6602362
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 10,0922618
NPSHr (m) 10,28259857
Head (m) 10,25584836
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,005264908
BHP (kW) 0,006581135

Table x (P-112) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-112
Function Transfers from reactor R-107 to
blender V-108
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Vanillin Liquid
Water Liquid
NaHSO3 Liquid
Sulfuric acid Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,078857222
Flow rate (m3/s) 6,57144E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 1200
o
Temperature ( C) 50
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 292,6199157
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 8,975319059
NPSHr (m) 8,591188783
Head (m) 13,10163988
 Utility
FHP (kW) 0,008099966
BHP (kW) 0,010124957

Table x (P-113) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-113
Function Transfers from blender V-108 to
cooler CL-2
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Vanillin Liquid
Water Liquid
NaHSO3 Liquid
Sulfuric acid Liquid
Diethylether Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,106635
3
Flow rate (m /s) 0,000108333
3
Density (kg/m ) 984,3231
Temperature (oC) 43,6
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 275,3205369
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 10,29052069
NPSHr (m) 10,4754138
Head (m) 11,16653723
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,009335431
BHP (kW) 0,011669288

Table x (P-114) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-114
Function Transfers from cooler CL-2 to third
centrifugator
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Vanillin Liquid
Water Liquid
NaHSO3 Liquid
Sulfuric acid Liquid
Diethylether Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,106635
Flow rate (m3/s) 0,000108333
3
Density (kg/m ) 984,3231
o
Temperature ( C) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 244,6602362
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 10,39911028
NPSHr (m) 10,47859223
Head (m) 15,28694165
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,012780164
BHP (kW) 0,015975206

Table x (P-115) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-115
Function Transfers from vanillin mixed
diethylether to evaporator EV-102
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Vanillin Liquid
Diethylether Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,062045556
3
Flow rate (m /s) 6,80556E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 911,6898
Temperature (oC) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 244,6602362
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 11,05386813
NPSHr (m) 11,31340987
Head (m) 11,22125899
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,005458437
BHP (kW) 0,006823047

Table x (P-116) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-116
Function Transfers pure vanillin to spray dryer
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition
Vanillin Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,034267778
3
Flow rate (m /s) 2,85565E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 1200
o
Temperature ( C) 40
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 267,6811429
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 8,977439703
NPSHr (m) 8,593309427
Head (m) 13,10163988
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,003519878
BHP (kW) 0,004399848

Table x (P-117) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-117
Function Transfers diethylether to condensor
HX-105
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition
Diethylether Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,027777778
3
Flow rate (m /s) 3,8959E-05
Density (kg/m3) 713
o
Temperature ( C) 40
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 267,6811429
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 13,4017218
NPSHr (m) 14,46279286
Head (m) 19,91380073
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,004336783
BHP (kW) 0,005420979

Table x (P-118) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-118
Function Transfers diethylether to storage
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition
Diethylether Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,027777778
Flow rate (m3/s) 3,8959E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 713
o
Temperature ( C) 20
Pressure difference (Pa) 96526,64
Pressure vapour (Pa) 238,9670442
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 12,81596135
NPSHr (m) 14,46690227
Head (m) 30,58739833
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,006661256
BHP (kW) 0,00832657

Table x (P-119) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-119
Function Transfers stream S-113 to evaporator
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition

Isoeugenol Liquid
Diethylether Liquid
NaHSO3 Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,039375
3
Flow rate (m /s) 4,78502E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 822,88
Temperature (oC) 25
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 244,6602362
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 12,19290046
NPSHr (m) 12,53441618
Head (m) 12,36479754
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,003817013
BHP (kW) 0,004771266

Table x (P-120) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-120
Function Transfers diethylether to condensor
HX-103
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition
Diethylether Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,027777778
Flow rate (m3/s) 3,8959E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 713
o
Temperature ( C) 40
Pressure difference (Pa) 68947,6
Pressure vapour (Pa) 267,6811429
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 13,4017218
NPSHr (m) 14,46279286
Head (m) 19,91380073
 Utility
FHP (kW) 0,004336783
BHP (kW) 0,005420979

Table x (P-121) specification

Identification
Name Pump
Item Number P-121
Function Transfers diethylether to storage
Number of Unit 1
Mode of Operation Continuous
Material Composition
Diethylether Liquid
Operating Conditions
Mass flow (kg/s) 0,027777778
Flow rate (m3/s) 3,8959E-05
3
Density (kg/m ) 713
o
Temperature ( C) 20
Pressure difference (Pa) 124105,68
Pressure vapour (Pa) 238,9670442
Specification Design
Type Axial
Material Polivinylidene flouride (PVFD)
NPSHa (m) 12,81596135
NPSHr (m) 14,46690227
Head (m) 35,52110757
Utility
FHP (kW) 0,007735708
BHP (kW) 0,009669635

Appendices
 Pump
Here is provided the calculation of pumps. Every pump is using the same
calculation principal to each other. This calculation aim to find power requirement
or each pump. Before we start to calculate power, datas are collected which are
pressure in and out, elevation between two equipment, pipe length, mass flow rate,
volumetric flow rate, density of liquid low through the pump, and temperature.
The calculation of the pump is still a rough calculation because the pipping
design has not been determined yet. Therefore, pipe length and elevation is decided
based on our estimation. Steps to achieve power requirement consist of:
a. Step 1: Calculating pressure differences between the inlet and outlet using below
equation.
Δ𝑃=𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡−𝑃𝑖𝑛
b. Step 2: Calculating height differences between the suction height and discharge
height using below equation.
Δ𝐻=𝐻 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒−𝐻 𝑠𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
c. Step 3: Calculating Friction Horse Power (FHP) using equation below.
𝐹𝐻𝑃=(Δ𝑃/𝜌+𝑔.Δ𝑧+𝐹).𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
Where:
FHP = Friction Horse Power (kW)
Δ𝑃= Pressure Difference (Pa)
ρ = Density (kg/m3)
F = Friction Head (m2/s2)
d. Step 4: Calculating Break Horse Power (BHP) using equation below.
𝐵𝐻𝑃=𝐹𝐻𝑃𝜂
Where: 𝜂= Pump Efficiency, in this case we assume pump efficiency is 80%.
e. Step 5: Calculating Head and Actual Head using equation below.
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑=𝐹𝐻𝑃/𝑔.𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑=𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑/𝜂
f. Step 6: Calculating Net Positive Suction Head required (NPSHr) using equation
below
𝑁𝑃𝑆𝐻𝑟 = (𝑃𝑖𝑛−𝑃𝑣𝑎𝑝)/𝜌.𝑔

g. Step 7: Calculating Net Positive Suction Head actual (NPSHa) using equation
below.
 𝑁𝑃𝑆𝐻𝑎=𝑁𝑃𝑆𝐻𝑟+𝐻 𝑠𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛−(𝐹/𝑔)

Assumptions:
 No velocity difference due to its small number
 Pump efficiency 80%