THE FEASIBILITY OF NEEM LEAF (AZADIRACHTA INDICA)

AS AN ALTERNATIVE LOW-COST ADSORBENT OF

LEAD (Pb) IN TAP WATER

A Practical Research Proposal

Presented to the Senior High School Department
University of Cebu Lapu – Lapu and Mandaue

In Partial Fulfillment of
the Requirements
for Practical Research II

Submitted by:
Baguio, Jovenal Jr.
Cuyos, Shiela Marie
Gonzales, Beverly Ann
Monleon, Sophia
Rubin, Dona Rose
ST12A1

Ms. Early Jane Cabataña – Ecot

Research Adviser

A.Y. 2018-2019
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First and foremost, we would like to thank God Almighty for giving us the
strength, knowledge, ability and opportunity to undertake this research study and
to persevere and complete it satisfactorily. Without His blessings, this achievement
would not have been possible.

Our heartiest gratitude belongs to Ms. Early Jane Cabataña – Ecot, our
research adviser who have been a teacher and a friend in providing us earnest
support and guidance at all times and gave us suggestions and inspirations in our
quest for knowledge. She has given us the freedom to pursue this research, while
silently and non-obtrusively ensuring that we stay on course and do not deviate
from the core of our research.

We take pride in acknowledging the insightful guidance of Sir Lester Jan Bato
for giving us light in our darkest moments as researchers, and for sparing his
valuable time whenever we approached him and showing us the way ahead. His
guidance, support, encouragement and credible ideas have been great
contributors in the completion of our research.

Our acknowledgement would be incomplete without thanking the biggest

source of our strength – our family. We are extremely grateful for their presence
and for educating and preparing us for our future.

Finally, our thanks go to all the people who have supported us to complete
the research work directly or indirectly.
 ABSTRACT

The presence of Lead in water bodies is of great concern because their presence
and accumulation have a toxic effect on living species. In this work, adsorption
process is used for the removal of Lead in tap water. An adsorbent was developed
from mature leaves of Neem (Azadirachta indica) for removing Lead (Pb).
Adsorption was carried with varying dosages: 1g, 3g and 5g. Through the Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometer, the maximum removal of Lead was noted 89%
when the sample was kept under contact time of 90 minutes with 3 mg/l of Lead.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I : THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………….……... 1
Statement of the Problem ……………………………………………………………..………. 5
Theoretical Framework ...………………………………………………………………………… 6
Research Paradigm ..………………………………………………………………………………. 9
Scope and Delimitation …………………………………………………………….…………... 10
Significance of the Study …………………………………………………………..…………… 11
Definition of Terms …………………………………………………………………..…………… 12

CHAPTER II : THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Review of Related Literature ……………………………………………..…………………… 13
Review of Related Studies ………………………………………………..……………………. 16

CHAPTER III : METHODOLOGY

Research Design …………………………………….………………………..………………….. 20
Research Sample ………………………………….…………………………..……………….... 21
Research Locale ………………………………….……………………………..………………… 22
Research Instrument ………………………….………………………………..………………. 23
Research Procedure …..…………………….……………………………………..……………. 24

CHAPTER IV : RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ……….………………………….……….……. 26

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ………..………………..…….. 31

REFFERENCES…………………….…………………………………….…………………….……………… 32
APPENDICES ………………………………………………………………………………….….…….……. 33