REPORT OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION

PROJECT: Four Laning of solan - Kaithlighat section of NH - 22

1. Introduction

The work of soil investigation for Four Lanning of Solan- Kaithlighat section of NH- 22 was
assigned to M/s Sinha Infra India Engineering .
This report includes the findings of Geotechnical Investigation Works Carried out at given
locations.

2. Laboratory Investigations
The following laboratory tests were carried out on soil samples for identification and
classification of soils and to obtain other relevant engineering properties of soils required for
the design of foundations:

(a) In-situ Bulk & Dry Density;

(b) Natural Moisture Content;
(c) Grain size analysis by Sieving and Hydrometer;
(d) Atterberg’s Limits;
(e) Specific Gravity;
(f) Direct Shear Test on non-cohesive soil samples

The tests were conducted as per relevant Indian Standards. The test results are presented in
Annex-B. A brief methodology of the tests conducted on soil samples is given below:

3.1 In-situ Bulk and Dry Densities

The bulk density is calculated by dividing the weight of soil sample in sampler tube by the
volume of the tube. The dry density is calculated from bulk density and moisture content of
soil sample.

3.2 Natural Moisture Content

To measure natural moisture content, a specimen from an undisturbed soil sample was taken
in a container, weighed and dried in an oven at 1050-110° C temperature for 18-24 hours.
After drying, the dry weight of dry soil sample was taken and weight of water was calculated
simply by subtracting the two weights. The moisture content is then calculated as the
percentage of the weight of water over weight of dry soil.

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REPORT OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
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3.3 Grain size Analysis

The grain size analysis has been carried out by sieving the soil samples in standard sieves for
coarse fraction and by hydrometer analysis for fine fraction. The sieve analysis was carried
out by wet sieving method in which the material was first washed through a 75 m test sieve.
The soils retained in the sieves were then dried in an oven. The dried soils were then sieved
by dry sieving by passing the soil through a series of square mesh sieves of sizes 4.75, 2.36,
1.18 mm, 600, 300 and 150 microns. Each fraction thus collected was then weighed and the
percentage retained on each sieve was calculated by dividing individual weights by the total
sample weight.

The fraction of soil sample passing through 75 m mesh was analyzed by sedimentation
method using hydrometer. It involves measuring the rate of settlement of fine particles
suspended in a solution. Utilizing the principle of Stokes’ law, the particle size is directly
related to its rate of settlement in a fluid such as water. From this process, the particle
diameter and percentage finer was calculated.

3.4 Atterberg’s Limits

Atterberg’s/consistency limits of soil samples are the water contents at which the soil mass
passes from one state to the next. The liquid and plastic limits represent the moisture
contents at the border line between plastic and liquid phase and between semi-solid and solid
phases.

The liquid limit of a specimen is determined by cone penetration method. The soil sample,
whose liquid limit is required to be found out, is mixed well with water into a soft
consistency and filled into the cylindrical mould of 50 mm diameter and 50 mm high. The
cone having a central angle of 31 degree and weighing 148gram is kept freely on the
surface of the soil and penetration of cone is measured. The test is repeated at number of
moisture contents. A graph between penetration and the corresponding moisture content is
drawn .The moisture content corresponding to 25mm penetration of cone gives the liquid
limit.

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The plastic limit is defined as the moisture content of a specimen where it can be
satisfactorily rolled into a 3.0 mm diameter thread without cracking. The plasticity index of
soil sample is then determined by subtracting the plastic limit from the liquid limit.

3.5 Specific Gravity

About 10 gram of oven dry soil sample passing through 2.0 mm sieve is taken in a specific
gravity bottle and sufficient distilled water is added to just cover the soil and left it for
soaking for 10-15 minutes after which it is shaken well and more distilled water added to fill
the bottle about half. It is then placed in a sand bath to de-air. After air is totally removed, it
is cooled and filled completely with water. Various weights i.e. weight of empty bottle,
weight of bottle filled with water, weight of bottle filled with water and sample etc are taken
and from these weights specific gravity of soil sample is calculated.

3.6 Shrinkage limit

The shrinkage limit of soil is defined as the moisture content at which further drying of the
soil causes no further reduction in volume. It is determined by shrinkage apparatus.

Soil sample passing through 425 micron IS sieve is taken. About 30 gram soil sample is
placed in the evaporating dish and thoroughly mixed with distilled water to make a paste.
The weight of the clean empty shrinkage dish is determined and recorded. The dish is filled
in three layers by placing approximately 1/3rd of the amount of wet soil with the help of
spatula. Then the dish with wet soil is weighed and recorded immediately. The wet soil cake
is air dried until the color of the pat turns from dark to light. Then it is oven dried at a
temperature of 1050 C to 1100 C for 12 to 16 hours. The weight of the dish with dry sample is
determined and recorded. Then the weight of oven dry soil pat is calculated (W0). The
shrinkage dish is placed in the evaporating dish and the dish is filled with mercury, till it
overflows slightly. Then it is be pressed with plain glass plate firmly on its top to remove
excess mercury. The mercury from the shrinkage dish is poured into a measuring jar and the
volume of the shrinkage dish is calculated. This volume is recorded as the volume of the wet
soil pat (V). A glass cup is placed in a suitable large container and the glass cup removed by

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REPORT OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
PROJECT: Four Laning of solan - Kaithlighat section of NH - 22

covering the cup with glass plate with prongs and pressing it. The outside of the glass cup is
wiped to remove the adhering mercury. Then it is placed in the evaporating dish which is
clean and empty. Then the oven dried soil pat is placed on the surface of the mercury in the
cup and pressed by means of the glass plate with prongs, the displaced mercury being
collected in the evaporating dish. The mercury so displaced by the dry soil pat is weighed
and its volume (VO) is calculated by dividing this weight by unit weight of mercury.
Shrinkage Limit SL(Ws%)=w-[(V-Vo)/Wo]x100,
Where,
SL (Ws %) = Shrinkage Limit
w = Moisture content of soil pat
V = Volume of wet soil pat
VO = Volume of dry soil pat
Wo = weight of dry soil

3.7 Unconsolidated Un-drained (UU) Tri-axial Test / Unconfined Compression Test (UC)

Unconsolidated Un-drained test was performed on cohesive soil samples to determine

cohesion and angle of internal friction for fine grained soils samples. The general testing
procedure followed for conducing the test is as explained below.

Three soil specimens were taken from a single undisturbed sample. The soil specimens were
trimmed and cut until the length to diameter ratio is approximately two. The specimens were
then weighed, measured and placed in a tri-axial cell and sheared under un-drained
conditions at a constant cell pressure and strain rate. Axial load and displacement were
recorded at regular intervals until a maximum deviator stress, or 20% of strain, is reached.
Cell pressures of 100, 200 and 300 kpa have been used for three specimens.

3.8 Direct Shear Test

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PROJECT: Four Laning of solan - Kaithlighat section of NH - 22

Direct shear test has been conducted on non-cohesive soil samples to determine shear
parameters of soil i.e. cohesion and angle of internal friction of coarse grained soil samples.
The soil specimens for the test were prepared to the estimated density. Three specimens
were tested to get the shear strength parameters. The tests were performed under normal
stresses of 50, 100 and 150 kpa.

3.9 Bearing Capacity of Soil (Ultimate & Allowable) for various Sizes of Footings:

Soil Bearing capacities have been estimated for various sizes of footings at 3.0 m depth for
transmission line and at a depth of 1.5 m and 2.5 m depth for substations. The soil bearing
capacity has been estimated by both shear failure criteria and settlement criteria. Lower of
the two capacities is taken as the Allowable Soil Bearing capacity.

For calculation of settlements in sandy soil, SPT ‘N’ values are required which have been
read from the graph of ‘ф’ v/s ‘N’ given in Indian Standard i.e. IS: 6403-1981. For
calculation of settlement and Bearing Capacities, the following Indian Standards have been
referred to and used: (i) IS: 6403-1981; (ii) IS: 1904-1986 and (iii) IS: 8009 (Part-I)- 1976

Sample Calculations of Soil Bearing Capacity:

The following formula as given in IS: 6403 has been used for the calculation of ultimate soil
bearing capacity:
Ultimate Bearing Capacity (Qu) = ((C*Nc * Sc*dc*ic +(γ*D)(Nq)*sq*dq*iq*W+0.5*B
*γ*Nγ* sγ* dγ*iγ*W`) – γ*D
Safe Bearing Capacity (Qns) = Qn/FOS
Factor of Safety (FOS) =3.0

Where, C = Cohesion in kPa

Nc, Nq & Nγ = Bearing Capacity Factors taken from IS: 6403

Sc, Sq & Sγ = Shape Factors taken from IS: 6403

dc, dq & dγ = Depth Factors taken from IS:6403

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ic, iq & iγ = Inclination Factors taken from IS:6403

γ = Unit Weight in kN/m3

D = Depth of foundation in m

B = Width of foundation in m

W = Correction factor for water table (Taken as 0.5) as water table has been considered at
ground level, which will give a conservative value of soil bearing capacity.
Settlement analyses have been performed as per IS: 8009 – Part I using following
equations:

For Clayey (Plastic) Soils

Settlement (Δ in mm) = mv*H*ΔP*µg*df*Rigidity Factor

Where, mv = Coefficient of volume compressibility (taken from laboratory test Results/
available correlations)

H = Thickness of layer in m

ΔP = Pressure Increment = P*I

P = Safe Bearing Capacity in kPa

I = Influence Factor for Immediate Settlement taken from Fig.18 of IS: 8009 (Part-I)
µ g = A Factor Related to Pore Pressure Parameter A and the Dimensions of Loaded Area
(From Table 1 of IS: 8009 (Part-1))
df = Depth Factor taken from Fig.12 of IS:8009 (Part-I)
Rigidity Factor = 0.8 taken from IS: 8009 (Part-I)

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For Non-Plastic Soils (Sand/Silt)

H
Settlement (Δ in mm) = 2.303* *Log10((Po+ΔP)/Po)*df*Rigidity Factor
C
Where,
H = Thickness of layer in m

ΔP = Pressure Increment = P*I

P = Safe Bearing Capacity in kPa

I = Influence Factor for Immediate Settlement [taken from Fig.18 of IS:8009 (Part-I)]
df = Depth Factor [taken from Fig.12 of IS:8009 (Part-I)]
Rigidity Factor = 0.8 [taken from IS:8009 (Part-I)]

Po = Overburden Pressure in kN/m2

C = 1.5 x (Ckd/ Po)

Ckd/N – Taken from available correlations as per IS 2911 (Part-1/Sec-2).

Allowable Bearing Capacities have been estimated for an allowable settlement of 50 mm for
Isolated Foundation in steel structure as suggested in IS 1904 -1986.

3. Estimation of Safe Bearing pressure from the Core strength ( IS: 12070 -1987)

In Case of rock mass with favorable characteristic that is, rock surface is parallel to the base
of the foundation, the load has no tangential component, the rock mass has no open
discontinuities). The Safe bearing Pressure should be estimated from the equation,

qs = qo* Nj

Where

qs = Safe bearing Pressure ( gross)

qo = average uniaxial compressive strength of rock cores.

Nj = empirical coefficient depending on the spacing of discontinuities ( see Table 4

and Fig. 1 ) of IS: 12070-1987

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= (3+S/Bf)/10*√1 + 300𝛿/𝑠

𝛿 = thickness of discontinuities in cm,

S = Spacing of discontinuities in cm,

NOTE – equation includes a factor of safety of 3.

The relationship given is valid for a rock mass with a spacing of discontinuities greater than
0.3 m, aperture ( opening ) of discontinuities less than 10 mm ( 15 mm if filled with soil or
rock debris ) and a foundation width of greater than 0.3 m .

4. DISCUSSIONS OF TEST RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 GENERAL
Based on laboratory test results, the laboratory test results and presented in Annex-B.

5.2 CONCLUSIONS
5.2.1 In-situ Moisture content, bulk and dry density

The moisture content of Rock samples was found to be in the range of 0.71 % to 0.94 %. In-
situ bulk density of Rock samples was found to be in the range of 2.579 gram/cc to 2.614
gram/cc and dry density in the range of 2.555 gram/cc to 2.594 gram/cc.

5.2.2 Specific gravity

The specific gravity of Rock samples was found to be in the range of 2.64 to 2.71.

5.2.3 Water absorption, Porosity

The water absorption and porosity of Rock samples was found to be in the range of 1.69 %

to 1.91 % and 12.7 % to 13.2 % respectively.

5.2.4 Bearing Capacity

The Rock bearing Capacities have been worked out for size of footing (2x2) and foundation
depth of 1.0m, 1.5m , 2.0m for The soil bearing capacity along the purposed bridge
abutment have been found in the range 40.9 to 45.3 T/m2:

 Open foundations appear to be possible for all the medium loading structures. The net
safe bearing capacities are given in Annex.C.

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 For open foundation, the founding strata shall be thoroughly checked after excavation,
and loose pocket, if any, shall be backfilled with lean concrete/PCC.

 For Isolated/ open type or wall footing foundation is recommended.

 The net safe bearing capacities may be increased by 25% for wind/seismic conditions.

 The interpretation contained in this report is based on the subsoil conditions encountered
at each borehole locations. In case of any change in the subsoil conditions at the actual
structure location the matter shall be referred back to us for review.

5.3 Reference standards

1. IS 1498:1970: Classification and Identification of Soil for General Engineering purposes.

2. IS 2720: Methods for Soil Testing
3. IS 2131:1981: Method for Standard penetration Test of Soil
4. IS 6403:1981: Code of Practice for Determination of bearing capacity of Shallow
Foundation
5. IS 1892:1979: Code of Practice for subsurface Investigation
6. IS 8009(Part I):1976: Code of practice of calculation of Settlement of Shallow Foundation
7. IS 1904:1978: Code of practice for Structural safety of Buildings: shallow Foundation
8. IS:9143:1979: Test Method for Compressive Strength of Rock.
9. IS:13365:1998: For R.Q.D of rocks
10. IS:12070: IS 12070: Code of Practice for Design and Construction of Shallow Foundations
on Rocks.

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REPORT OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
PROJECT: Four Laning of solan-Kaithlighat section of NH - 22

Annexure –A
Summary of test results
(BH NO - A1)
(CH NO - 128 + 585)
 SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS

TEST REPORT NO. SIIE/01/2018-19

CLIENT: Saanvi Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd

PROJECT: Four Laning of solan - Kaithlighat section of NH - 22

Job No. SIIE/T-01
Borehole/Chainage No: BH NO. A1 / Ch No . 128+559

Sample No: CR CR CR CR CR CR CR CR
Depth: (m) 0.50-1.50 1.50-3.00 3.00-4.50 4.50-6.00 6.00-7.50 7.50-9.00 9.00-10.50 10.50-12.00
Field-In-Situ-density
Natural Moisture
Content NMC %

Bulk Density FBD Mg/m3

Dry Density FDD Mg/m3

Gravel (>4.75mm) %

Sand (4.75 to 0.075 mm) %

Grain Size Analysis
Silt (0.075 to 0.002mm) %

Clay (<0.002 mm) %

Liquid Limit %
Atterberg Limit Plastic Limit %

Plasticity Index %

IS Classification
Void ratio,e (g/Υd-1) %

Free Swell Index %

Specific Gravity
Shrinkage Limit %

Cohesion kPa
Unconfined Compression
Phi Angle degree

Type of Test
Triaxial Shear Test Cohesion kN/m2

Phi Angle degree

Remoulded Density Mg/m3

Direct Shear Test Cohesion kPa

Phi Angle degree

Type of Test

Initial Void Ratio

Preconsolidation Press. kN/m2

Consolidation
Compression Index

Recompression Index

OMC %
Compaction
MDD Mg/m3

CBR Unsoaked

97% MDD %

FDD %

Soaked

97% MDD %

FDD %

Lab Permeability cm/sec

*Chemical Analysis pH Value

Chloride Content mg/l

Sulphate mg/l

Nitrogen kg/ha

Phosphorus kg/ha

Potassium kg/ha

specific Gravity 2.66 2.65 2.68 2.66 2.67 2.71 2.69 2.70
NMC % 0.83 0.92 0.76 0.79 0.83 0.71 0.94 0.89
Bulk density gm/cc 2.582 2.593 2.587 2.609 2.583 2.612 2.579 2.598
Rock Core Dry Density gm/cc 2.561 2.569 2.567 2.589 2.562 2.594 2.555 2.575
Water absorption % 1.73 1.81 1.79 1.86 1.74 1.81 1.90 1.87
Porosity % 12.9 12.7 13.2 12.8 12.7 13.1 13.2 12.8
UCS Kg/cm2
Remarks:
NP = Non Plastic
* Not Cover in NABL Scope.

Checked by:

Date:
 SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS

TEST REPORT NO. SIIE/01/2018-19

CLIENT: Saanvi Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd

PROJECT: Four Laning of solan - Kaithlighat section of NH - 22

Job No. SIIE/T-01
Borehole/Chainage No: BH NO. A2 / Ch No . 128+585

Sample No: CR CR CR CR CR CR CR CR
Depth: (m) 0.50-1.50 1.50-3.00 3.00-4.50 4.50-6.00 6.00-7.50 7.50-9.00 9.00-10.50 10.50-12.00
Field-In-Situ-density
Natural Moisture
Content NMC %

Bulk Density FBD Mg/m3

Dry Density FDD Mg/m3

Gravel (>4.75mm) %

Sand (4.75 to 0.075 mm) %

Grain Size Analysis
Silt (0.075 to 0.002mm) %

Clay (<0.002 mm) %

Liquid Limit %
Atterberg Limit Plastic Limit %

Plasticity Index %

IS Classification
Void ratio,e (g/Υd-1) %

Free Swell Index %

Specific Gravity
Shrinkage Limit %

Cohesion kPa
Unconfined Compression
Phi Angle degree

Type of Test
Triaxial Shear Test Cohesion kN/m2

Phi Angle degree

Remoulded Density Mg/m3

Direct Shear Test Cohesion kPa

Phi Angle degree

Type of Test

Initial Void Ratio

Preconsolidation Press. kN/m2

Consolidation
Compression Index

Recompression Index

OMC %
Compaction
MDD Mg/m3

CBR Unsoaked

97% MDD %

FDD %

Soaked

97% MDD %

FDD %

Lab Permeability cm/sec

*Chemical Analysis pH Value

Chloride Content mg/l

Sulphate mg/l

Nitrogen kg/ha

Phosphorus kg/ha

Potassium kg/ha

specific Gravity 2.64 2.63 2.64 2.65 2.68 2.70 2.68 2.71

NMC % 0.76 0.87 0.82 0.79 0.9 0.75 0.77 0.82

Bulk density gm/cc 2.593 2.603 2.597 2.614 2.589 2.606 2.588 2.612
Rock Core Dry Density gm/cc 2.573 2.581 2.576 2.594 2.566 2.587 2.568 2.591

Water absorption % 1.81 1.85 1.74 1.91 1.69 1.87 1.95 1.9

Porosity % 12.7 12.8 13.1 12.7 13.2 12.6 13.1 12.9

UCS Kg/cm2
Remarks:
NP = Non Plastic
* Not Cover in NABL Scope.

Checked by:

Date:
REPORT OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
PROJECT: Four Laning of solan-Kaithlighat section of NH - 22

Annexure –B
Borelogs
(BH NO – A1)
(CH NO – 128 + 585)
 BORE LOG
Project : Method of Borin Calax Bore Hole No.A1
Four Laning of solan - Kaithlighat section of NH - 22
Boring/drilling eqipment: Mechanical Winch Page 1 of 1
Location : CH No 128 + 559 Borehole dia : NX
Co-ordinate: Ground Water Table : Nil
Reduce Level: Termination Depth : 12.00 m Date : 8/09/2018 to 10/09/2018.
SOIL PARAMETERS ROCK CORE PARAMETERS

Core Recovery
Natural Uniaxial

Classification
Specvific Water Bulk Dry

RQD (%)
Dept Sample SPT Atterberg Grain size Water Bulk Dry Specific FSI (%) Consolidation Test Triaxial Test Direct Shear moisture Porosity compressive
R.L. Gravity absorption density density

(%)
IS
h Strata Description content strength
(m)
(m) Legend Depth Length Type N - value Limit (%) Analysis (%) Content Density Density Gravity e0 Cc Pc Cr c Ф c Ф (NMC) (SG) (WA) (n) (ϒb) (ϒd) (UCS)
(m) (m) (Obs.) (Corr.) LL PL PI Gravel Sand Silt Clay (%) (Mg/m3) (Mg/m3) (kPa) ( o) (kPa) ( o) % % % gm/cc gm/cc Kg/cm2
0.00 Rock sample 0.00-0.50 0.5 DS

1.50 0.50-1.50 1.00 CR 10 NIL 0.83 2.66 1.73 12.9 2.582 2.561

3.00 1.50-3.00 1.50 CR 12 NIL 0.92 2.65 1.81 12.7 2.593 2.569

4.50 3.00-4.50 1.5 CR 8 NIL 0.76 2.68 1.79 13.2 2.587 2.567
Highly weathered
Greyish thinly
6.00 Hard 4.50-6.00 1.50 CR 8.6 NIL 0.79 2.66 1.86 12.8 2.609 2.589
bedded Coarse Rock
grained very poor
7.50 strong Mud Stone 6.00-7.50 1.50 CR 10.6 NIL 0.83 2.67 1.74 12.7 2.583 2.562

9.00 7.50-9.00 1.50 CR 7.3 NIL 0.71 2.71 1.81 13.1 2.612 2.594

10.50 9.00-10.50 1.50 CR 6 NIL 0.94 2.69 1.92 13.2 2.579 2.555

12.00 10.50-12.00 1.50 CR 8 NIL 0.89 2.7 1.87 12.8 2.598 2.575
Bore Hole Terminated at depth of 12.00 m

Prepared By: Checked By:

 BORE LOG
Project : Method of Borin Calax Bore Hole No.A2
Four Laning of solan - Kaithlighat section of NH - 22
Boring/drilling eqipment: Mechanical Winch Page 1 of 1
Location : CH No 128 + 585 Borehole dia : NX
Co-ordinate: Ground Water Table : Nil
Reduce Level: Termination Depth : 12.00 m Date : 31/08/2018 to 05/09/2018.
SOIL PARAMETERS ROCK CORE PARAMETERS

Core Recovery
Natural Uniaxial

Classification
Specvific Water Bulk Dry

RQD (%)
Dept Sample SPT Atterberg Grain size Water Bulk Dry Specific FSI (%) Consolidation Test Triaxial Test Direct Shear moisture Porosity compressive
R.L. Gravity absorption density density

(%)
IS
h Strata Description content strength
(m)
(m) Legend Depth Length Type N - value Limit (%) Analysis (%) Content Density Density Gravity e0 Cc Pc Cr c Ф c Ф (NMC) (SG) (WA) (n) (ϒb) (ϒd) (UCS)
(m) (m) (Obs.) (Corr.) LL PL PI Gravel Sand Silt Clay (%) (Mg/m3) (Mg/m3) (kPa) ( o) (kPa) ( o) % % % gm/cc gm/cc Kg/cm2
0.00 Rock sample 0.00-0.50 0.5 DS

1.50 0.50-1.50 1.00 CR 18 NIL 0.76 2.64 1..81 12.7 2.593 2.573

3.00 1.50-3.00 1.50 CR 13 NIL 0.87 2.63 1.85 12.8 2.603 2.581

4.50 3.00-4.50 1.5 CR 17 NIL 0.82 2.64 1.74 13.1 2.597 2.576
Highly weathered
Greyish thinly
6.00 Hard 4.50-6.00 1.50 CR 12 NIL 0.79 2.65 1.91 12.7 2.614 2.594
bedded Coarse Rock
grained very poor
7.50 strong Mud Stone 6.00-7.50 1.50 CR 10 NIL 0.9 2.68 1.69 13.2 2.589 2.566

9.00 7.50-9.00 1.50 CR 17 NIL 0.75 2.7 1.87 12.6 2.606 2.587

10.50 9.00-10.50 1.50 CR 11 NIL 0.77 2.68 1.95 13.1 2.588 2.568

12.00 10.50-12.00 1.50 CR 15 NIL 0.82 2.71 1.89 12.9 2.612 2.591
Bore Hole Terminated at depth of 12.00 m

Prepared By: Checked By:

REPORT OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
PROJECT: Four Laning of solan - Kaithlighat section of NH - 22

Annexure –C
Openfoundation
Results summary
(BH NO – A1)
(CH NO -128 + 585)
 Bearing capacity of Rock mass using core strength( Unconfined compressive strength ) IS 12070-1987( Rreaffirmed-2010)

In case of rock mass with favourable characteristics that is , rock surface is parralel to base of the foundation ,
the load has no tangential component , the rock mass has no open discontinuties ). The safe bearing capacity should be
easimated from the equation :
qs=qo*Nj

Where
qs= safe bearing pressure (gross)
qo=average uniaxial compressive strength of rock cores,
Nj=empirical coefficient depending on the spacing of discontinuties ( see Table 4 and Fig. 1 )
3+(S/B)/10*√1+300*δ/S
δ=thickness of discontinuties in , cm
S= spacing of discontinuties in cm , and
Bt=Footing width in cm.

Empirical Spacing of Thickness of safe Bearing

Width of Average UCS Submergence Slope
sr. No. Core No. Depth(m) coefficient discontinuties, S discontinuties,δ capacity (Qsafe)
foundation (cm) (kg/cm2) Factor Factor
(Nj) (cm) (cm) (T/m2)
1 1 200 48.78 0.23 150 0.8 0.75 0.5 42.5
1 2 1.5 200 52.92 0.23 150 0.8 0.75 0.5 46.2
3 2 200 46.86 0.23 150 0.8 0.75 0.5 40.9
 Bearing capacity of Rock mass using core strength( Unconfined compressive strength ) IS 12070-1987( Rreaffirmed-2010)

In case of rock mass with favourable characteristics that is , rock surface is parralel to base of the foundation ,
the load has no tangential component , the rock mass has no open discontinuties ). The safe bearing capacity should be
easimated from the equation :
qs=qo*Nj

Where
qs= safe bearing pressure (gross)
qo=average uniaxial compressive strength of rock cores,
Nj=empirical coefficient depending on the spacing of discontinuties ( see Table 4 and Fig. 1 )
3+(S/B)/10*√1+300*δ/S
δ=thickness of discontinuties in , cm
S= spacing of discontinuties in cm , and
Bt=Footing width in cm.

Empirical Spacing of Thickness of safe Bearing

Width of Average UCS Submergence Slope
sr. No. Core No. Depth(m) coefficient discontinuties, S discontinuties,δ capacity (Qsafe)
foundation (cm) (kg/cm2) Factor Factor
(Nj) (cm) (cm) (T/m2)
1 1 200 50.28 0.23 150 0.8 0.75 0.5 43.9
1 2 1.5 200 46.72 0.23 150 0.8 0.75 0.5 40.7
3 2 200 51.92 0.23 150 0.8 0.75 0.5 45.3