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LA MOLINA
DEPARTAMENTO ACADÉMICO DE QUÍMICA
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS
INTRODUCCIÓN
Verificar el concepto de pH
Manejar adecuadamente el potenciómetro
Determinar el pH de diferentes muestras, y establecer conclusiones.
RESULTADOS
1. HCl 1 M
2. HCl 0,1 M
3. CH3COOH 0,2 M
4. NaOH 1 M
5. NaOH 0,1 M
6. CH3COONa
7. Limón
8. Gaseosa
9. Leche
TEORICAMENTE
1. HCl 1 M
HCl Cl- + H+
1M 1M 1M
pH = -log[H+]
pH = -log[1]
pH = 0
2. HCl 0.1 M
HCl Cl- + H+
0.1 M 0.1 M 0.1 M
pH = -log[H+]
pH = -log[0.1]
pH = -log[10-1]
pH = 1
3. CH3COOH 0.2 M
CH3COOH → CH3COO- + H+
(i) 0.2 - -
(m) -X +X +X
(e) 0.2-X X X
𝑥2
= 1,8 × 10−5
0,2 − 𝑥
𝑥 2 = 3,6 × 10−6
𝑥 = 1,897 × 10−3
pH = -log[1,897 × 10−3]
pH = 2,72
4. NaOH 1 M
NaOH Na+ + OH-
1M 1M 1M
pOH = -log[OH-]
pOH = -log[1]
pOH = 0
pH + pOH = 14
pH + 0 = 14
pH = 14
5. NaOH 0.1 M
NaOH Na+ + OH-
0.1 M 0.1 M 0.1 M
pOH = -log[OH-]
pOH = -log[0.1]
pOH = 1
pH + pOH = 14
pH + 1 = 14
pH = 13
6. CH3COONa 0.2 M
CH3COONa → CH3COO- + Na
CH3COO- + H2O → CH3COOH + OH-
(i) 0.2 - -
(m) -X +X +X
(e) 0.2-X X X
1014 𝑥2
Kb del acetato de sodio = 1.8x10−5 0,2−𝑥
𝑥2 1014
=
0,2 − 𝑥 1.8x10−5
10−14 × 0,2
𝑥2 =
1.8x10−5
1
𝑥2 = × 10−9
9
𝑥 = 1,054 × 10−5
pH + pOH = 14
pH + 4,98 = 14
pH = 9,02
DISCUSIONES
CONCLUSIONES