Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
INRODUCTION
address at least the basic needs of residents and come up with infrastructure on
real estate like everything that changes over times so does the toward. A trend
that has played an essential role in opening the floodgates for the development
of integrated townships across the country that offers their residents the promise
people aspiring for more homes in township especially among the metro cities.
The has bought in the FDI’s also into the race with more and more foreign
investment regions complete with integrated township for planned growth of the
treatment plants, and sewage, drainage facilities. With urban areas getting more
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crowded and falling increasingly short on future development potential,
by proposing the easing of development norms for such projects. This has
caused many developers to enter this segment of development. The new master
plans for all major cities are looking at expanding the boundaries of their urban
integrated township model were given high preference and incentives,since they
urban villages.
secure private communities: ‘caves’ and the only access to them was through a
single narrow gate that was guarded to make sure that the only people or
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animals that came inside were the ones that belonged there. This concept of
When the smaller gated communities began to add some basic amenities such as
markets and schools behind their guarded gates. It served more to isolate them
from the “others” outside more than any other reason. As time went on, and
populations continued to increase. Humans began to build the first the villages,
township and then cities with thick stone walls and protective gates to control
entry. In recent times, with the rapidly exploding population the need for
housing and the increasingly crowded cities led to the creation of suburbs.
tightly guarded or gated neighbourhoods that are located outside the borders of
the city. Incoming traffic is closely monitored and often restricted. Visitors are
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These clusters grouped under the category of gated community have individual
reserve parking space supported by other basic needs of people which they got
at their doorsteps.
2. AIM
approach.
3. OBJECTIVES
4. SCOPE
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5. PROJECT BRIEF
5.1 Promoter
5.2 SITE
F.S.I: 2.0
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6. SITE PLANNING
Site planning is a broad term that embraces selection of the sites, location of
the site, and to the environment, provision within the site of suitable
parking spaces and recreation areas and many other things are included
location and design of a site. Gently rolling land offers greater opportunities
for variety in site planning and architectural design in flat land. Grade
and active recreation areas than do sites lacking in irregularities. the latter
6.2. Shape:
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1) Size
2) Accessibility
3) Visibility
6.3.Building orientation:
Orientation:
1) Sunlight
2) Prevailing breezes
3) Views
6.4. Sunlight:
orientations.
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6.5. Ventilation:
tree exist
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An additional building setback improves the subdivision
entrance.
interest.
DISTANCE
SCHOOLS: 0.4 km
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(vi) Post office 0.8 to 1.6 km
Based on the planning principles outlined above, the following table gives the
recreational areas, parks and playgrounds, shops and various other public
buildings in a sector:
When the town is intended for a major industry, the industry is usually located
at one of its ends, depending upon the direction of the wind to prevent fumes,
smoke and odour from affecting the residential areas of the town. The
residential areas are separated from the industry by an insulating green belt of
adequate width.
exceeding 4 floors (including ground floor or if this ground floor is used for
(1) (a) Site Extent.—The minimum extent of site for construction of multi-
Square meters.
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(b) Road width.—the site shall either abut on a road not less than 18 meters in
width or gain access from public road not less than 18 metros in width through a
or gain access from public road not less than 12metres / 15metres in width
(2) Below.
(c) Minimum road width of 12 meter or above shall be permissible with Multi-
with the width of the abutting road. Once the road width is established based on
the boundaries of the road / street measured at right angles to the course of
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direction of such road / street. The qualifying road width for permitting multi-
storeyed building shall be available atleast for a stretch of 500 metres along the
length of the road abutting the site and the stretch from a junction can be
To cite examples-
(a) If the road over its general length is of 18 metres width, but because of some
(b) If the general road is of width less than 18 metres width, but only widens
a road of smaller width on the other side of the site in question and the plot
for continuity of 18 metros road in front of his site, this will have to be checked
(d) If the general road width is less than 18 meters and the site owner merely
agrees to leave enough space to have 18 meters in front of his site only, this is
not acceptable.
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(2) The extent of the site, FSI, set back etc., for Multi-storied Building shall be
B. Minimum Plot 25 m 25 m 25 m 40 m
width/frontage
C. Minimum 12 m 15 m 18 m
road
width
to to
40% 50%
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24m. abutting road is
subject to such
conditions as may be
necessary
around of 6m or part
thereof above 30 m,
minimum extent of
additionally shall be
one metre.
of Above 15 m up to 30 m 7 m
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developments of 6m or part
be left
meter.
Note: (i) The space specified above shall be kept open to sky and free from any erection /
projection (such as sunshade / balcony) of any building other than a fence or compound wall
provided that these open yards may be used for the provision of access ways to the building’s
parking facilities.
(ii) A watchman or caretaker booth or Kiosk not exceeding 2.5m x 2.5m. in size at each gate
and not exceeding 3 metre in height, or power/transformer room not exceeding 4 meter in
height shall be permitted in the set backspace at ground level after leaving 7 meters clear set
back from the main structure. Provided that the height restriction shall not apply for an open
transformer.
(iii) Gate pillars without or with arches with a minimum headroom clearance of 5.50 meter at
least to a width of 3.5 meter. may be permitted in the set back space after leaving 7 meters
(iv) In the cases where street alignment has been prescribed, the front open space shall be left
(v) In cases of hospital buildings an additional Floor Space Index of 0.25 is allowable over
(vi) The Floor space index for Information Technology development shall be allowed at 1.5
times of the FSI ordinarily permissible for respective use of that zone provided site extent is
not less than 2000 sq.m. This benefit will not be available for primary residential use zone.
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10. STREET STANDARDS
for Traffic Safety in 1961. It has been extensively used and accepted. Over the
years, these standards have resulted in acceptable and functional street systems
for both vehicle movement and pedestrian safety. It must be understood that
these standards are minimum and should be utilized only as a guide to meet
existing conditions.
The 5’ C’ Principle:
Made easy.
FIGURE 3 – PEDESTRIAN SECTION
Obstructions.
want to go
pedestrians.
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6. Minimum dimensions for shared cyclist/pedestrian routes. Sidewalk is the
divided
Into 4 zones.
of use.
Safer roads.
Besides expressways and freeways, the urban roads can be classified as:
a) Arterial Road
b. Sub-Arterial Road
c. Collector Street
categories of
recommended for
urban road cross-sections depend on many factors, the chief amongst them
being the classification of roads, design speed and volume of traffic expected .
and bicycle travel. Reduce the potential for speeding and other safety problems
landscaped strips and detached sidewalks that are commonly found in older
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FIGURE 6- . STREET DESIGN CONCEPTS
12.HIERARCHY OF STREETS AND ROADS
The maximum width of local residential streets is 30-32 feet depending on the
expected traffic volume. Landscape strips, separating the curb from the
sidewalk, are required on local residential streets. Maximum block length is 600
feet for low volume residential streets and 800 feet for medium-volume
residential streets.
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collector streets.
13.WIDTH OF ROAD
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14. STREETS, ROADS AND NODES
14.1. ROADS:
Between two places. Roads consist of one, or sometimes two, roadways each
with one or more lanes and also any associated pavement and road verges.
Roads that are available for use by the public may be referred to as public roads
or highways.
lighting, etc., It should afford safety to vehicles and pedestrians. Should have
good alignment and visibility. It should possess easy gradients and smooth
curves Its width and chamber should be proper. It should possess well-designed
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15.FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED:
the road are to be considered with respect to their capacity of attracting the
studied with respect to its intensity , peak periods , type of vehicles parking
facilities , etc. Use of road : the probable use to which the road is to be put up
noise, improving the aesthetics of the street, increasing safety for pedestrians,
Chicanes
Speed humps
Raised crosswalk
Traffic circles
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Figure 11 Chicanes Figure 12 Speed humps
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15.2. GRADES: The maximum allowable grade for roadways shall be 18%.
The maximum allowable cross slope shall not exceed 8%. No roadway shall
have a horizontal inside radius of curvature of less than 50 feet. Dead end roads
shall not exceed 800 feet. All roadways exceeding 150 feet in length shall have
An interstate is out of standard if it has a grade > 7%. The National Road (built
in 1806) had a maximum grade of 8.75%. Local roads are much higher (12% or
15% are sometimes allowed). Otter Tail MN County roads 6%, alleys 8%.
between 1.5m-4m
FIGURE 7
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Additional space should be given for electric post , electric box , etc.. It should
of the footpath.
15.4.KERB HEIGTH:
However this height is more than the clearance of vehicle doors (maruti 800 and
Of 125mm w.r.t paved road and kerb stone flushed with footpath.
Footpaths need to be frequently broken for cross-roads , car parking ramps and
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other reasons , in such case the footpath will be stopped abruptly making it
inconvenient for pedestrians and wheelchair bound Hence , gradual gradient not
Cross fall has to be provided within the range of 2.5%-3%. If it is too flat then ,
on
Surface quality:
CROSSINGS:-
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Sufficient space has to be provided in order to avoid conflict between the
turning vehicle and vehicles in other lane. Fig. shows turning left at an angle of
90 degrees.
16.2. GUARD RAILS: improves segregation between footpath and paved road
Beneficial for parallel parking. Controls and regulates pedestrian traffic. The
16.3. VISIBILITY:
Priority intersections: like minor roads where one road takes virtual precedence
over other . IRC recommends a minimum visibility of 15m along minor road
FIGURE 22 - VISIBILITY
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16.4. CURVES:
These curves are acceptable for roads that will have only low-volume traffic In
higher traffic areas, curves should have a radius of 100 feet or more. This
increases visibility to about 200 feet and allows for higher but equally safe
vehicle speeds since drivers have a longer response time to apply brakes.
be located directly opposite, or at least 300 feet from a median opening. When
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17. DRAINAGE: Importance of drainage
To protect the bearing capacity of the pavement and the sub grade
material
Open Drain: the most common form of road drainage on rural national
French drain: Piped drainage systems are essential in urban areas and are
17.2. STANDARDS:
longitudinal gradients should not be less than 0.5% on kerbed roads flat areas
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One gully for every 200sq.m of paved surface is generally found to be
satisfactory
conditions.
gullies
FIGURE 8
These units are especially useful where kerbs are necessary at locations with
little or no longitudinal gradient. They can also be useful where there are a
number of public utility services in the road verge, particularly in urban areas.
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LINEAR DRAINAGE CHANNEL
They are set flush with the surface and contain a drainage conduit beneath the
surface into which the surface water enters through slots or gratings.
A major problem with medium - density housing is providing parking space that
does not dominate the scene. Three basic types of parking are explained.
adjacent to the house. Access for residents and guests is clear, direct, and
popular with most people, but with disadvantages that living is adjacent to a
road. Where possible, the driveways of two adjacent units should be combined,
leaving more space on the street between drives for parking and eliminating
curb cuts. With an 18 foot setback, a second or visitor car can park in front of
the garage.
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18.2. COURT PARKING:
Separation of cars from units costs less and creates higher environmental
quality with the loss of some convenience and easy identification of units. A
pedestrian route clearly marked with signs becomes necessary. This parking
arrangement may not be acceptable to residents who prefer direct access. Walks
connect parking lots or bays to housing units. A different paving material may
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18.4. PARKING
On street,
Underground.
buildings will keep parking away from a building ‘s elevation and help to
softened with landscaping and floors cape treatment. Off street parking - multi
storey car
18.6. PARKS
impact from public view. Multi storey car parks should only be considered
when they can be designed to incorporate ground floor activities, such as shops
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18.7. UNDERGROUND PARKING
underground parking is considered then the separation of the ground floor from
FOR PARKING
18.2.1.STALL SIZE:
The dimension of the parking stall for different kind of vehicles shall be:
In cases of parallel parking of cars, the dimension of parking stall shall be 6.0m
X 2.50 m. The stall dimensions mentioned above shall be clear of any structural
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members. Where a stall is adjacent to a large element such as a wall, minimum
stall width shall be 2.7m for parallel parking and where cars cannot be parked
PERSONS
For Buildings having more than 2 floors 10% of the required car/two wheelers
shall be reserved for the physically handicapped persons near the entrance. This
and also to provide them easy access to the lift and staircase.
Driveway: The driveway width shall be 3.0m for one-way movement and 7.0m
for two-way movement. Aisle Widths: Aisle is a access lane leading to/abutting
The width of driveway & aisle shall be free from kerb and other encumbrances.
The minimum inner turning radius in driveway areas and ramps shall be 4.0m
18.2.6. RAMPS
The minimum clear width of the ramps shall be 3.5m for one-way movement
and 7.0m for two-way movement. Gradient shall not be steeper than 1 in 8.
18.2.7. HEADROOM
The clear headroom (between floor and beam bottom) shall be minimum
vehicles and also for all approaching parts like ramp, covered access, etc.
The width of entry or exit gates shall be a minimum of 4.5m. The entry or exit
gate shall be located away from junctions. In cases of large sites with frontage
(i) Parapet/Protection Frame - All floors above ground floor shall have a RCC
(ii) Ventilation - In case of parking on ground floor, all sides shall be left open
for ventilation and lighting. In case of all floors above ground floor, adequate
should be provided.
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(iii) Where car/two wheeler lifts are proposed/provided there shall be at least
one ramp to standards from the parking floors to the ground level.
18.3.ROAD STRUCTURE
divided into various arrangements throughout the different regions of the world.
culture of the region. Roads and Streets are used as a Skeleton of the city.
The norms for parks, play fields and other open space such as specified park,
Open space is an essential part of the urban heritage, a strong element in the
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community development and is supportive of economic objectives and
deprived parts of urban areas of Europe; it has an important role in providing for
the recreational and leisure needs of a community and has an economic value in
In land use planning, urban open space is open space areas for ‘park ‘green
Spaces’ and other open areas. The landscape of urban open spaces can range
landscapes. They are commonly open to public access, however, urban open
spaces may be privately owned. Areas outside of city boundaries, such as state
and national parks as well as open space in the countryside, are not considered
urban open space. Streets, piazzas, plazas and urban squares are not always
It is an urban space common for a neighborhood unit .In general the distances
although there are some who travel outside their own physical neighborhoods
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and communities to others for services such as schooling and thus use open
Those spaces considered as neighborhood urban open spaces are parks, play
Grounds, playing fields and sports grounds, school playgrounds, streets, city
farms and incidental spaces. Many neighborhood urban open spaces are
predominantly green with different layers of vegetation and are in close enough
proximity to each other to allow migration of some species from one space to
another.
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20. STANDARDS FOR SERVICES
20.1. ELECTRICITY
Based on the estimated requirements of power supply as per the Master Plan for
Delhi, the consumption works out to be about 2 KW per household at the city
level and includes domestic, commercial, industrial and other requirements. The
towns/cities.
and sanitation and gas supply system shall be in accordance with National
Occupancies/Uses
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SANITATION REQUIREMENTS FOR RESIDENCES
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20.3. SEWERAGE:
sewerage from households, the waste from industries also needs attention. The
sewerage is estimated at the rate of 80% of the water supply in any area.
2.The small and medium towns may be encouraged for adopting low-cost
sanitation technologies with the technical assistance by the local bodies and
20.4. DRAINAGE:
The drainage system for any city/town is governed mainly by natural drainage
of existing drains.
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General parallel drain lateral spacing and depths for different soils
insufficient conservancy services in most of the urban centers tend to leave the
garbage spread on the road sides or open spaces leading to unhygienic living
conditions. The garbage is removed by the municipal bodies and dumped at the
towns . The generation of waste varies from about over a quarter of kilogram in
small towns to about half a kilogram per capita in large and metro cities.
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21. CASE STUDY 1
21.1. INTRODUCTION
21.2. LOCATION
FIGURE 31 – LOCATION
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Major linkages from site
M.G.roads 5 kms
Airport 9 kms
Rainfall: 722 mm
Density: 100-115/acre
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21.6. DESIGN CONCEPT
Climate responsive: Rutu chakra concept taken for the landscaping for plants
Fast urbanization of pune city and Haphazard spread of city pune in 90’s
Topography: The entire land is agricultural land it is a fertile virgin land with
32 bore wells Land is gently sloping from southwest to northeast with a level
difference of 12m.
Soil Type: Black cotton soil- good for plantation and landscaping.
Land profile: Almost rectangular site, site was enclosed by, further extended
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FIGURE 32 – SITE PLAN
Four entries to the site from all four direction makes a good connectivity
Axis is taken radial cum grid pattern whole project divided in 4 phases
Residential at periphery , middle ring for cyber city around the green core
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21.9.1.BUILT AND UNBUIT RATIO
Roads : 17%
Paved area : 20 %
2 acre of garden for each Neighbourhood or block unit i.e total 50 acre.
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21.11. USER INTRODUCTION
User’s Occupation
• Teacher
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Floating Population 14 % of residing
Service provider------------------1%
Visitors------- 2%
21.12. POPULATION
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21.13. USER AREA CIRCULATION
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FIGURE 35 – APARTMENT VIEW 2
5 no. Hierarchy for affordability, Soft areas are given main importancein whole
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play area and 2 play courts are provided.
The landscape done in central open space is raised at 2.4 m to give space for
parking below.
The arrangement of building is done such manner that a central chunk of land
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FIGURE 37 – APARTMENT PLAN
21.15.PUBLIC PLACE
MEGACENTER
Technology Tools.
Food courts
Facilities like Full power back up with ample parking ensure that your business
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DESTINATION POINT
This is a place where Magarpatta City families would shop and spend time in
the evenings
Massive and modern, the Destination Centre holds a huge business promise for
you. It’s a place where business potential is best described by just one word -
extraordinary.
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FIGURE – 40 DESINATION POINT PLAN
Large Courts give all time comfortable common areas with beautiful
Free standing curve wall and frame works etc. as the architectural
High is rising with every offset inside from the boundary it maintain the
portion of building.
21.17.GYMKHANA COMPLEX
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It includes: swimming pool giving beautiful look from entrance and even the
upper floors,
1st floor Pantry and snacks counter in waiting laung+ offices +gym + changing
rooms with separate way to the court of pool / shower area, store room and
'The Magarpatta City Public School' - an English medium ICSE Board School
Area of 4 acre
Play area with swings, sculptures lawn and open central court and classes
placed around.
School is given exterior of exposed plaster and brick work the massive building
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FIGURE 42 – SCHOOL VIEWS
All the IT tower- commercial Zone is planned around the central Open
ADITI Garden
It is away from the residential and school buildings hence does not cause
a disturbance
Modern technology has been used –glass cladding, post tensioned slabs
There are 12 buildings with 7 flotors each Separate smoking zone are
mega centre them restaurants and other activities are the good means of
entertainment .
FIG 45 - RESTAURANT
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Aditi Gardens : deccan Harvest reastaurent+ three small plateform
forming informal open activity areas+ open air theater at west- south of
Public transportation like taxies or buses are not having any separate
track.
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Each building block are given separate parking area , Most of the parking
is in the basements
FIGURE 46 - PARKING
21.21SERVICES
Elevated storage tank for cybercity and other recreational areas. Storm water
from terraces through the pipes, gets collected underground. Sewage treatment
plants are provided one in each neighbourhood , The water recharged in the
bore well is used for washing & cleaning. All the units have corporation water
supply for drinking. For the bungalows and row houses, a separate water tank
corners of the site. Fiber optic cable laid throughout the complex. 1 acre of land
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21.21. SECURITY
The environment has been given the utmost priority in magarpatta city
with 3200 trees, 20 lakh sqft lawn over 10,000 shrubs and bushes and
There is at first circle is the welcome board and a board giving the
In the administration area names of different sectors are bold and are
Even in IT tower the name of the companies who have their offices in
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21.23. LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS
Magarpatta city has a good water table there being 32 bore wells which is
acre.
Trees and plantations also for security sound and visual barrier and idea
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Landscape elements trees or plants used for creating canopy don't shed
leaves.
For exercise Zone a combination of hard (paved path) and soft (buses ,
trees)
landscape is used to make the environment fresh and lively. Water bodies
1. Arzadirachta indicai- neem used for shade for parking, medicinal tree.
3. Cipharexylop quadranguralaet
of the flower.
flower
7. Tabebuia Argentia
SHRUBS
2. Hamelia Pattensscarlet bush- fire bush used at the edge of the building.
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3. Ixora duffii pink- ixora along the compound wall
GRASS : Paspalum lawn –used under the big tree and bigger lawn areas.
Biodegradable waste goes through a process and the non-polluting biogas which
garden pumps.
which translates to a power generation of over 270 electrical units per day.
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21.25.2. SOLAR WATER-HEATING
The solar panels have been put in all the residential apartments comprising of
On completion, the total capacity will be in the region of 7 lakh litres per day
which will save power upto 37 KWH per day and in monetary terms Rs.3.9
natural wells, over 1.25 acres of an artificial lake body and to recharge ground
water levels.
Inter-locking paving blocks and cut-out grass concrete pavers assist in raising
groundwater levels.
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21.25.4.USE OF FLY-ASH BRICKS IN CONSTRUCTION
Usage of fly ash bricks helps in reduction of greenhouse gases, which are
commercial garbage, trash and waste per month is done at source of which 280
21.25.6.VERMICULTURE
The nursery has vermi-culture and bio-compost pits, which generate manure
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The manure composted here provides for nourishing these saplings and shrubs.
Not only are plants, saplings and organic vegetables sold here, a unique facility
FIGURE 51 VERMICULTURE
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22.CASE STUDY 2
22.1 INTRODUCTION
secure environment.
becoming increasingly popular all over the world. Hence, forming a pocket
into an organized and well-managed world that has been created based
Thus a good means of stores and services are designed. It reduces dependency
facilitate safety.
22.2. ARCHITECTS
work, play, heal, worship, discover, learn and travel—places that improve
11-screen multiplex
Seating areas
Tree-lined promenades
Open-air cafés
Convention centre
Multi-specialty departments
9. Extensive landscape
1.1.4 LOCATION
FIGURE 52 LOCATION
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Brigade Gateway is a rare exception— as it is located in such a core area in a
huge site well connected to the surrounding areas with good transportation
networks. It is well connected by roads on all the sides ensuring access from all
the directions.
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The enclave on the whole is divided into various zones as business, retail/
commercial, lifestyle.
The zones are well connected and positioned based on the needs and
functions. The master plan is hence designed in such a way that all the
facilities are placed in distinct location and at the same time well
The location of each facility within Brigade Gateway has been logically
planned, with separate entrance and exit gates thus maximizing the
All the facilities are located around a central lake which acts as a shared
Thus a focus of interest is created in the master plan around which all the
The focus is created in such a way that it is a focus of interest both visually and
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physical experience around the elegant lake surrounded by tall buildings around.
All the zones are placed with an easy & direct access from the
Thus the placement of zones are in such a way that it does not create
the internal structure of the enclave was a critical part of the master plan
design. The purpose was to identify areas that could create traffic
result of this study, the master plan has 6 gates positioned at strategic
locations:
Two in the residential area and one each at the school, business zone,
The residential section has two dedicated entry / exit points from the
public roads: one from 1st Main Rd, Malleswaram and the other from Dr
Orion Mall has a dedicated entrance and exit from Dr Rajkumar Rd, in
Rd.
Columbia Asia Hospital has its own entrance from Tumkur Road,
Yeshwantapur.
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The Brigade School has an entrance from Malleswaram, which connects
Hence the commercial/ retail zones with maximum number visitors from
throughout bangalore is located with an easy direct access from the major
The business zones with standard visitors along with the hospital is given
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FIGURE 54 WORLD TRADE CENTRE VIEWS
General features:
o Centralized air-conditioning
o 9-level parking
The core areas are placed in the centre and the office areas are arranged
along the both sides of its length. This helps in maximum utilization of
The core is thus easily accessible to both the office tenants equally.
Three types of lift cores are given for accessing different levels of floors
Two fire escape staircases are given with each opening from one side of
Two AHU rooms and electrical rooms are placed with a separate duct
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The structural pattern is designed in such a way that a column free
enclave.
placid, man-made lake. This gives a soothing nerve view of the waterfront
to the occupants.
The glass façade (low- E glass) reflects the calm water of the
man made lake and the ever changing sky. This makes the façade of
the overall structure look more iconic and unique in the whole surrounding.
22.8. MLCP
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22.9. FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
For fire protection, the following protection systems are installed in the
Fire staircases
Helipad
22.10.SECURITY SYSTEMS
World Trade Center Bangalore, will have its dedicated security personnel and
a. Access
Boom gates are provided for basement security and parking Control
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c. Fire Security in the rest of the enclave
security systems
Sewage Treatment:
compact, underground sewage treatment plant. The resultant effluent and sludge
will be harmlessly disposed of. After tertiary treatment, the water will be used
Rainwater Disposal:
Vertical rainwater pipes from the terrace floor will empty into external
storm water drains at ground level. Rainwater from balconies and various floors
will be connected to the nearest pipe and emptied to the external storm water
network.
All storm water will travel through the underground drainage system to
the rainwater harvesting system. Box drains with catch basins, to collect
box drains, storm water recharge cells and water bodies. This system will
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23. LITERATURE STUDY
23.1. INTRODUCTION
Business City. The City covers an area of 1550 acres located near Chennai
Suburb Paranur.
Mahindra world city was born out of the need to create a space
Where business and life style can blend seamlessly to offer a high quality living
space.
In short it's a City that combines business demands with the needs of a
Urban Community”. The City has distinct zones for Industrial (SEZs & DTA),
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23.2. PROMOTERS: Mahindra Group and TIDCO (Govt. of TamilNadu
23.3. LOCATION :
population towards the outskirts of Chennai. Also the Mahindra City is well
The city has been master planned by Jurong Consultants and Landscape
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The award winning master plan of its residential/social zones (winner of the
honor award 2007 from the American society landscapes architecture) has been
from USA.
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FIGURE 58 PLAN OF MAHINDRA WORLD CITY
1. The Business zone is located well segregated of the other living zones. The
total area allotted for the business zone is 840 acres approximately. The zone
will have Special Economic Zone (IT, apparel & fashion accessories, Auto
2. The residential zone is located well segregated off the business zones near the
Paranur Railway Station with a onsite Bus terminal Designed. The Zone is
supporting the business development in the city. A total area of about 285 acres
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is allotted for the residential enclaves.
the business and the residential areas. A total area of about 100 acres is allotted
4. The green zones are used as connecting spaces for different zones and also
throughout.
The road pattern consists of a long central avenue stretching the full length of
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The Central avenue stretches from the GST road till the end of the business
The sub arterial roads that branches off the central avenue to cater commercial
zones is provided with a 4-lane 2 way road without median. These roads are
a central path of 1.5m with its length bordered by bushes and Flowering
Passages
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23.8. WATER SUPPLY:
Border the site at various locations which serve to increase the ground
water table.
Two Storage tanks with capacity of 80,000 litters are installed along with
A total area of about 7 acres are allotted for the Water Treatment plants to
Also bore wells are dug for secondary water purposes in the plugged in
infrastructure. The utilities and services are well distributed in the site
location of central access from all the points in the designed city. The
treatment plants are located in 2 distinct locations well apart from each
other that serve potable water to areas along its radius in the business and
commercial zones with ease reducing the load of pumping. Thus on the
The residential enclaves built will feature a separate WTPs each serving
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FIGURE 61 WATER TANK VIEWS
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23.9. STROM WATER DRAINAGE
The MWC is well designed to easily maintain and reduce the storm water
region acts as the largest reservoir for the storm water harvest.
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23.10. SEWERAGE AND TREATMENT PLANT:
The sewer water and waste removal both solid and liquid would be paltry
The sewage is well collected in the treatment plants as they are located
ideally in the lowest portions of the site near the Kolavai lake.
sewage effectively
The treated effluent from the main STP is reused for other secondary
purpose
The STP is located in selected ideal location in the lowest portion near
STPs
A. GRID POWER
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B. CAPTIVE POWER:
500 kVA DG sets totalling 10.5 mVA. (8.5 MW) for high reliability for
plug
- All DG sets are on AMF panel to ensure that all emergency services
control.
CAMPUSES:
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Intelligent Analog Addressable System using ionization detector, heat detectors,
The fire protection system is installed to comply with the local fire codes
fire fighting.
A wet riser cum dowser system with yard hydrants including host reels is
All doors are designed with adequate fire retardant ratings to prevent
spread of fire.
Main and standby pump sets with a capacity to pump water at 2850 litre /
Government.
from the grid and the area of the special economic zone would also have a
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Sprinklers installed every 4 meter's. Can quench fires without manual
intervention.
areas.
Stair cases from ground floor to top floor can be used as fire escapes.
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The business and the lifestyle zones are designed well distinct with both the
zones connected by a green belt consisting of well designed Parks serving the
close proximity to the Industrial Zone with varied social amenities built into the
master plan comprising residential units, school, hospital, business hotel, hostel,
IRIS COUR
AQUA LILLY
SYLVAN COUNTY
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All the residential enclaves are designed to be self sufficient with
Utilities etc.
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23.13.2.RETAIL/COMMERCIAL ZONE:
well distributed to serve wide range of population in the city and its
which is first of its kind in Mahindra city offers several retail and
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24. COMPARITIVE STUDY
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25. SPECIAL STUDY
Its open spaces that gives definition to a town because it create a structure you
can hold in the mind and at the same time gives people the very things that hold
them and in cities, what we now call “liveability” and “quality of life”.
25.1.1. Active:
It includes spaces like play courts and athletic fields. Careful lighting
designing is required.
21.1.2.Passive:
A colourful tot lot tumbling with kids, for example, can add sparkle and life to a
trees, and planed islands can provide an inviting welcome to the community
centre.
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A bustling shopping with its appealing sights, sounds, and smells can make on
Open spaces comes in larger sizes as well as in sports fields, recreation centres,
There are the school and institutional grounds and business office campuses.
Each open space in itself, if well conceived, adds its bit to the city. It lets the
It complements the adjacent structures and enhances their use and appearance.
system.
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FIGURE 69 OUTDOOR SPACE
o Green spaces
o Vegetated land
o Structure
o Water
o Geological features
o Civic spaces
o Civic square
o Market places
o Paved or hard
o Landscape areas.
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25.4.1. Public parks and gardens:
Areas of land normally enclosed and associated with a house or institution and
land uses for environmental, visual or safety reasons that is road verges or green
Areas are providing safe and accessible opportunities for children’s play,
parks.
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25.4.5. Civic spaces:
included.
Sociability
Identity
Ease of movement
A sense of welcome
Adaptability
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25.5.2. Users of open spaces:
Lingerers
Passers-through
Male/female
Design must focus such that these 2 users do not conflict at any
places or time.
25.6.1.Circulation:
from A to B.
25.6.2. Planting:
casual activities.
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25.6.3. Seating:
areas.
FIGURE 74 SEATING
maintained.
FIGURE 75 LEVEL CHANGES
Sunken regions and elevated regions must have elements views to attack people.
Speaks\communication to public.
Fountain for visual and aural attraction. FIGURE 76 PUBIC ART AND SCULPTURE
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Sculpture in centre (making the space as a background to it), or on side.
The social value of public spaces lay in opportunities for mixing with others and
belonging or safety.
an everyday basis. Though there could also be tensions at times, certain places
in Newham were valued for providing opportunities for social contact between
Everyday places had therapeutic functions. Some people discussed the benefits
seek solitude or appreciate the natural environment. But just many pointed to
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streets or markets as places the made them feel good; the benefits came more
The many uses and benefits of spaces such as streets and markets need wider
economic benefits in regeneration policy, should not over shadow the social and
therapeutic value of public spaces; the findings have implications for the wider
agendas.
Certain places provided opportunities for dissimilar people to mix, and were
residential streets, most commonly provided the first point of contact between
neighbours of different ethnic groups. Continued regular use of these areas was
together. While residents saw informal games and sports in the park as a
principal means of encounter for young people, meetings between parents in the
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school lobby led to greater shared use of the park. Together, the school and park
different ethnic groups who would otherwise mot come into contact. A white
British woman who used the market said that applied to both shoppers and
traders.
25.8. CONCLUSION:
People need a variety of public open spaces within their local area to
spaces that people together as well as spaces of retreat. Green spaces have been
a key focus of policy research over recent years. This study indicates that the
multiple uses and benefits of hard spaces such as streets and markets also need
objectives for encouraging exercise and healthier diets. In Newham, such spaces
are Important for recreation, while markets-as providers of cheap, healthy food-
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25.9. GREEN WAYS:
These may have supplementary lanes marked for cyclers or pedestrians. Better
opportunity for park like planting and separated paths for automobiles, bicycles
and pedestrians.
institutional grounds, office parks, and commercial malls. They may extend to
be and through the most intensive urban centres, adding interest as they go.
Far and away the most desirable routing, however, and one so often overlooked,
is one that follows the course of the drainage ways and streams. Here the native
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vegetation is most generally undisturbed. Here the air seems fresher, the breezes
cooler in the summertime, and even the song of the birds more lilting.
FIGURE 9
25.9.1Safety:
They will avoid the crossing of high-speed vehicular traffic ways. They will
afford protection from falls, as from a precipice or into deep or swift water.
be provided.
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25.9.2. Convenience:
outstanding natural and scenic features, and the continuity and convenience are
add interest and enjoyment to a pathway. Suitable gradients and good footing
25.9.4. Alignment:
Greenways, and blue ways which follow the shore or streams, may be routed
through the urban and regional open space frame , its drainage ways and
floodplains. They may traverse state and national forest lands, parks, recreation
abandoned roadbeds through farmland and forest. They may share highway
rights of way and multiple use transmission corridors which lead to and through
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25.10. PLAZAS
To create an urban plaza, urban designers must know what kind to make,
urban life. Contemporary plaza types include the street plaza, corporate foyer,
the urban oasis, the transit foyer, and the grand public place. Design
recommendations on all these types are reviewed including location, size, visual
This article is concerned with the interplay f form and use, how the physical
as a starting point for design thinking about downtown plaza areas. The
downtown open space in cities. It can be applied to most cities as a basis for;
plaza spaces in a specific city, and developing local guidelines for specific plaza
types.
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25.10.2. The street plaza:
spaces are generally used for brief periods of sitting, waiting, and watching.
plazas,
streets meet and where there is access to sun during the peak lunchtime period.
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25.10.7. The arcade plaza:
overhang.
The impressive forecourt. The federal office building, seattle, has a plaza
sculpture, but few places to sit. The corporate foyer is part of a new, generally
often elegant entry and image for its corporate sponsor. It is usually privately
owned but accessible to the public. It is sometimes locked after business hours.
The urban oasis is a type of plaza that is more heavily planet, has a
garden or park image, and is partially secluded from the street. Its location and
design deliberately set this place apart from the noise and reading, socializing,
and it is the one category that tends to attract more women than men, or at least
equal proportions of each. The urban oasis has a quiet reflective quality.
A plaza separated from the street by a level change or a pierced wall and
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25.10.11. The garden oasis:
A small plaza, often enclosed and secluded from the street, whose high
viewing.
The grand public space comes closes to our image of the old-world town
warehouse, transit) it tends to attract users from a greater distance and in greater
variety than do other plazas. Such a plaza is often big and flexible enough to
host brown-bag lunch crowds; outdoor cafes; passers through; and the
occasional concerts, art shows, exhibits, and rallies. It is usually a public area
often the setting for programmed events such as concerts, performances, and
political rallies.
building; rather, it often encompasses one or more complete city blocks and is
The best locations are those that attract a variety of users and both active
and passive used. A study of the effect of context on the use of five downtown
Minneapolis plazas found that the most frequently used plaza was in the area of
greatest land use diversity, where office and retail districts overlapped. In
1. Does the analysis of nearby public open space indicate that a proposed
2. Have the client and designer determined for which function the plaza
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transition zone, lunchtime relaxation, bus waiting, sidewalk cafes,
thoroughfare.
3. Have the correlations between block location and type of space been
clientele.
6. Is the plaza located where a diversity of people can use it, for
can be used for less over three months of the year, and additional
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To minimize vandalism and the presence of ”undesirables” (or to render them
inconspicuous in the crowd), has the plaza been designed to encouraged heavy
25.11.1. Microclimate:
and evaporative cooling in summer and solar exposure and wind protection in
spaces should also be considered for greater variability. Is the plaza sited too
receive maximum, year around sunshine, providing sun exposed areas and
enhance solar access, that is, sunlight reaching public open spaces.
shadowed areas.
Have local wind patterns been evaluated for the plaza site. Will windiness
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25.11.2. Boundaries
essential a successful plaza has one of preferably two sides exposure to public
rights of way, the more likely that they are to feel invited into it; thus they are
already in the plaza. Even a minor barrier or level change can considerably
25.11.3. Size:
Given that every location and context is different, have the suggestions by
capitalized on it.
barriers between the sidewalk and plaza been eliminated, including grade
changes.
furnishings, attractive focal elements, and defined edges been used. If concerts,
IMAGE 1 IMAGE 2
IMAGE 3
Image 2: walking and sitting are two activities accommodated in this plaza in
plaza.
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26. REQUIREMENTS
AREA CALCLULATION:
= 2.0 * 153781
= 307562 Sq.m
= 2.0 * 77700
= 155400 Sq.m
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OVER ALL BUILT UP AREA - 515165 Sq.m
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FOR VILLA, NO. OF. FLOORS - G+1
APARTMENT BLOCK:
VILLA:
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AREA - 306 Sq.m (3294 Sq.ft)
SCHOOL:-
CLUB HOUSE:-
HEALTH CARE:-
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SHOPPING MALL:-
AREA
OFFICE:-
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27. SITE ANALYSIS STUDY
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