LUNAR Prodigy 1-4

Document Information for: LU7396DDW
Type Drawing Print

Name LU7396DDW
Revision 4
State Release
ECO 2134720
Description Prodigy 1-4 Service Manual
Originator 212018929_joel_v_petersen
File List
1. LU7396DDW_s1_r4.pdf
2. LU7396DDW_s1_r4.doc
State: RELEASE - Document is released and under formal Change Control. Changes are subject to the ECR/ECO Process.
See the GEHC Myworkshop System to determine the status of this document.
Approval Information
Person Action Date and Time
212018929_joel_v_petersen Approved 07/25/2012 04:55:07 pm GMT
212018997_connie_elizabeth_swed Approved 08/06/2012 12:57:58 pm GMT
This page is generated automatically by the GEHC MyWorkshop System.

Printed documents are for Reference Only and may be out-of-date.
Check the database to ensure you have the correct revision.
Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 1 of 164

GE Healthcare
Service Manual
PRODIGY 1-4

Rev 3
LU7396
All Rights Reserved

Jun 2012 ECO 2134720
© 2012, General Electric Company,
This page left blank intentionally.

It is the responsibility of the user to verify this document originated from the controlled master and is the active revision prior to use. This
document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE Lunar. Neither the document nor the information therein is to be reproduced,
distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE Lunar.
Page 2 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Revision History
Date Rev Change Description
08-Jun-2012 3 ECO 2134720 - Ground wire change in part 8913 due to IEC 60601-1 3rd
edition (ECO 2129404)
30 Mar 2010 2 Added test instructions to Section 5
Removed test grid and referenced LUSE0002 in its place.
18 Feb 2010 1 Previous revision was C. Service Manual Template DOC0620154 applied.
Contact information upddated. Labels updated. Appendix listing associated
documentation added. PRODIGY generational information added. OMD
information added. Specifications section removed. Safety precautions
updated. Collimator repair added to tests to be performed after service
table.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE Healthcare. Neither the document
nor the information is to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except
as specifically authorized by GE Healthcare.
GE Healthcare makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, and shall not be held liable for
errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishings or
use of this manual.
Read through this manual thoroughly before attempting to service any components. Unauthorized
service may void system warranties or service contracts. Consult the GE Healthcare Customer Support
Department prior to attempting any servicing.
PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 3 of 163

READ THIS FIRST
Using This Manual:
A person who will be performing service work on the PRODIGY should use this manual in the following
manner:
Read the Safety and Overview Chapters to familiarize yourself with the scanner as a whole and with the
general function of the circuit boards.
Chapter 3 should be understood completely as it explains the Diagnostics Software (built in – requires a
password for access).
The Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 contain common procedures and troubleshooting information and can be
read as needed, but are good sources of information.
When a problem arises, Chapter 4 should be referenced. Check the table of contents for Chapter 4 to see
if the problem being experienced is described. If so, refer to the appropriate page. If not, try to generalize
the problem (e.g. the Detector is repeatedly running into the front of the scanner and reversing and then
running back into the front of the scanner. This is a mechanical problem in general, specifically with
Transverse Mechanics, check that subsection of Chapter 4 for the subsystem experiencing the fault.
This manual commonly references other Sections and pages of the manual as needed, so often
procedures in Chapter 5 and the Appendix are referred to as ways to solve problems described in
Chapter 4.

WARNING This service manual is available in English only.
(EN) • If a customer's service provider requires a language other than english, it is the
customer's responsibility to provide translation services.
• Do not attempt to service the equipment unless this service manual has been consulted
and is understood.
• Failure to heed this warning may result in injury to the service provider, operator or
patient from electric shock, mechanical or other hazards.
ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЕ Това упътване за работа е налично само на английски език.
(BG) • Ако доставчикът на услугата на клиента изиска друг език, задължение на клиента е
да осигури превод.
• Не използвайте оборудването, преди да сте се консултирали и разбрали
упътването за работа.
• Неспазването на това предупреждение може да доведе до нараняване на
доставчика на услугата, оператора или пациентa в резултат на токов удар,
механична или друга опасност.
警告本维修手册仅提供英文版本。
(ZH-CN) • 如果客户的维修服务人员需要非英文版本，则客户需自行提供翻译服务。
• 未详细阅读和完全理解本维修手册之前，不得进行维修。
• 忽略本警告可能对维修服务人员、操作人员或患者造成电击、机械伤害或其他形式的伤
害。
警告本服務手冊僅提供英文版本。
(ZH-HK) • 倘若客戶的服務供應商需要英文以外之服務手冊，客戶有責任提供翻譯服務。
• 除非已參閱本服務手冊及明白其內容，否則切勿嘗試維修設備。
不遵從本警告或會令服務供應商、網絡供應商或病人受到觸電、機械性或其他的危險。
警告本維修手冊僅有英文版。
(ZH-TW) • 若客戶的維修廠商需要英文版以外的語言，應由客戶自行提供翻譯服務。
• 請勿試圖維修本設備，除非您已查閱並瞭解本維修手冊。
• 若未留意本警告，可能導致維修廠商、操作員或病患因觸電、機械或其他危險而受傷。
UPOZORENJE Ovaj servisni priručnik dostupan je na engleskom jeziku.
(HR) • Ako davatelj usluge klijenta treba neki drugi jezik, klijent je dužan osigurati prijevod.
• Ne pokušavajte servisirati opremu ako niste u potpunosti pročitali i razumjeli ovaj servisni
priručnik.
• Zanemarite li ovo upozorenje, može doći do ozljede davatelja usluge, operatera ili
pacijenta uslijed strujnog udara, mehaničkih ili drugih rizika.
VÝSTRAHA Tento provozní návod existuje pouze v anglickém jazyce.

(CS) • V případě, že externí služba zákazníkům potřebuje návod v jiném jazyce, je zajištění
překladu do odpovídajícího jazyka úkolem zákazníka.
• Nesnažte se o údržbu tohoto zařízení, aniž byste si přečetli tento provozní návod a
pochopili jeho obsah.
• V případě nedodržování této výstrahy může dojít k poranění pracovníka prodejního
servisu, obslužného personálu nebo pacientů vlivem elektrického proudu, respektive
vlivem mechanických či jiných rizik.
ADVARSEL Denne servicemanual findes kun på engelsk.
(DA) • Hvis en kundes tekniker har brug for et andet sprog end engelsk, er det kundens ansvar
at sørge for oversættelse.
• Forsøg ikke at servicere udstyret uden at læse og forstå denne servicemanual.
• Manglende overholdelse af denne advarsel kan medføre skade på grund af elektrisk
stød, mekanisk eller anden fare for teknikeren, operatøren eller patienten.

WAARSCHUWING Deze onderhoudshandleiding is enkel in het Engels verkrijgbaar.
(NL) • Als het onderhoudspersoneel een andere taal vereist, dan is de klant verantwoordelijk
voor de vertaling ervan.
• Probeer de apparatuur niet te onderhouden alvorens deze onderhoudshandleiding werd
geraadpleegd en begrepen is.
• Indien deze waarschuwing niet wordt opgevolgd, zou het onderhoudspersoneel, de
operator of een patiënt gewond kunnen raken als gevolg van een elektrische schok,
mechanische of andere gevaren.
HOIATUS See teenindusjuhend on saadaval ainult inglise keeles
(ET) • Kui klienditeeninduse osutaja nõuab juhendit inglise keelest erinevas keeles, vastutab
klient tõlketeenuse osutamise eest.
• Ärge üritage seadmeid teenindada enne eelnevalt käesoleva teenindusjuhendiga
tutvumist ja sellest aru saamist.
• Käesoleva hoiatuse eiramine võib põhjustada teenuseosutaja, operaatori või patsiendi
vigastamist elektrilöögi, mehaanilise või muu ohu tagajärjel.
VAROITUS Tämä huolto-ohje on saatavilla vain englanniksi.
(FI) • Jos asiakkaan huoltohenkilöstö vaatii muuta kuin englanninkielistä materiaalia, tarvittavan
käännöksen hankkiminen on asiakkaan vastuulla.
• Älä yritä korjata laitteistoa ennen kuin olet varmasti lukenut ja ymmärtänyt tämän huolto-
ohjeen.
• Mikäli tätä varoitusta ei noudateta, seurauksena voi olla huoltohenkilöstön, laitteiston
käyttäjän tai potilaan vahingoittuminen sähköiskun, mekaanisen vian tai muun
vaaratilanteen vuoksi.
ATTENTION Ce manuel d’installation et de maintenance est disponible uniquement en anglais.
(FR) • Si le technicien d'un client a besoin de ce manuel dans une langue autre que l'anglais, il
incombe au client de le faire traduire.
• Ne pas tenter d'intervenir sur les équipements tant que ce manuel d’installation et de
maintenance n'a pas été consulté et compris.
• Le non-respect de cet avertissement peut entraîner chez le technicien, l'opérateur ou le
patient des blessures dues à des dangers électriques, mécaniques ou autres.

WARNUNG Diese Serviceanleitung existiert nur in englischer Sprache.
(DE) • Falls ein fremder Kundendienst eine andere Sprache benötigt, ist es Aufgabe des
Kunden für eine entsprechende Übersetzung zu sorgen.
• Versuchen Sie nicht diese Anlage zu warten, ohne diese Serviceanleitung gelesen und
verstanden zu haben.
• Wird diese Warnung nicht beachtet, so kann es zu Verletzungen des
Kundendiensttechnikers, des Bedieners oder des Patienten durch Stromschläge,
mechanische oder sonstige Gefahren kommen.
ΠΡΟΕΙΔΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ Το παρόν εγχειρίδιο σέρβις διατίθεται μόνο στα αγγλικά.
(EL) • Εάν ο τεχνικός σέρβις ενός πελάτη απαιτεί το παρόν εγχειρίδιο σε γλώσσα εκτός των
αγγλικών, αποτελεί ευθύνη του πελάτη να παρέχει τις υπηρεσίες μετάφρασης.
• Μην επιχειρήσετε την εκτέλεση εργασιών σέρβις στον εξοπλισμό αν δεν έχετε
συμβουλευτεί και κατανοήσει το παρόν εγχειρίδιο σέρβις.
• Αν δεν προσέξετε την προειδοποίηση αυτή, ενδέχεται να προκληθεί τραυματισμός στον
τεχνικό σέρβις, στο χειριστή ή στον ασθενή από ηλεκτροπληξία, μηχανικούς ή άλλους
κινδύνους.
FIGYELMEZTETÉS Ezen karbantartási kézikönyv kizárólag angol nyelven érhető el.
(HU)
• Ha a vevő szolgáltatója angoltól eltérő nyelvre tart igényt, akkor a vevő felelőssége a
fordítás elkészíttetése.
• Ne próbálja elkezdeni használni a berendezést, amíg a karbantartási kézikönyvben
leírtakat nem értelmezték.
• Ezen figyelmeztetés figyelmen kívül hagyása a szolgáltató, működtető vagy a beteg
áramütés, mechanikai vagy egyéb veszélyhelyzet miatti sérülését eredményezheti.

AÐVÖRUN Þessi þjónustuhandbók er aðeins fáanleg á ensku.
(IS) • Ef að þjónustuveitandi viðskiptamanns þarfnast annas tungumáls en ensku, er það
skylda viðskiptamanns að skaffa tungumálaþjónustu.
• Reynið ekki að afgreiða tækið nema að þessi þjónustuhandbók hefur verið skoðuð og
skilin.
• Brot á sinna þessari aðvörun getur leitt til meiðsla á þjónustuveitanda, stjórnanda eða
sjúklings frá raflosti, vélrænu eða öðrum áhættum.
AVVERTENZA Il presente manuale di manutenzione è disponibile soltanto in lingua inglese.
(IT) • Se un addetto alla manutenzione richiede il manuale in una lingua diversa, il cliente è
tenuto a provvedere direttamente alla traduzione.
• Procedere alla manutenzione dell'apparecchiatura solo dopo aver consultato il presente
manuale ed averne compreso il contenuto.
• Il mancato rispetto della presente avvertenza potrebbe causare lesioni all'addetto alla
manutenzione, all'operatore o ai pazienti provocate da scosse elettriche, urti meccanici o
altri rischi.
このサービスマニュアルには英語版しかありません。
(JA)
• サービスを担当される業者が英語以外の言語を要求される場合、翻訳作業はその業者の責
任で行うものとさせていただきます。
• このサービスマニュアルを熟読し理解せずに、装置のサービスを行わないでください。
• この警告に従わない場合、サービスを担当される方、操作員あるいは患者さんが、感
電や機械的又はその他の危険により負傷する可能性があります。
경고 본 서비스 매뉴얼은 영어로만 이용하실 수 있습니다.
(KO)
• 고객의 서비스 제공자가 영어 이외의 언어를 요구할 경우, 번역 서비스를 제공하는 것은
고객의 책임입니다.
• 본 서비스 매뉴얼을 참조하여 숙지하지 않은 이상 해당 장비를 수리하려고 시도하지
마십시오.
• 본 경고 사항에 유의하지 않으면 전기 쇼크, 기계적 위험, 또는 기타 위험으로 인해
서비스 제공자, 사용자 또는 환자에게 부상을 입힐 수 있습니다.
BRĪDINĀJUMS Šī apkopes rokasgrāmata ir pieejama tikai angļu valodā.
(LV) • Ja klienta apkopes sniedzējam nepieciešama informācija citā valodā, klienta pienākums ir
nodrošināt tulkojumu.
• Neveiciet aprīkojuma apkopi bez apkopes rokasgrāmatas izlasīšanas un saprašanas.
• Šī brīdinājuma neievērošanas rezultātā var rasties elektriskās strāvas trieciena,
mehānisku vai citu faktoru izraisītu traumu risks apkopes sniedzējam, operatoram vai
pacientam.
ĮSPĖJIMAS Šis eksploatavimo vadovas yra tik anglų kalba.
(LT) • Jei kliento paslaugų tiekėjas reikalauja vadovo kita kalba – ne anglų, suteikti vertimo
paslaugas privalo klientas.
• Nemėginkite atlikti įrangos techninės priežiūros, jei neperskaitėte ar nesupratote šio
eksploatavimo vadovo.
• Jei nepaisysite šio įspėjimo, galimi paslaugų tiekėjo, operatoriaus ar paciento sužalojimai
dėl elektros šoko, mechaninių ar kitų pavojų.
ADVARSEL Denne servicehåndboken finnes bare på engelsk.
(NO) • Hvis kundens serviceleverandør har bruk for et annet språk, er det kundens ansvar å
sørge for oversettelse.
• Ikke forsøk å reparere utstyret uten at denne servicehåndboken er lest og forstått.
• Manglende hensyn til denne advarselen kan føre til at serviceleverandøren, operatøren
eller pasienten skades på grunn av elektrisk støt, mekaniske eller andre farer.

OSTRZEŻENIE Niniejszy podręcznik serwisowy dostępny jest jedynie w języku angielskim.
(PL) • Jeśli serwisant klienta wymaga języka innego niż angielski, zapewnienie usługi
tłumaczenia jest obowiązkiem klienta.
• Nie próbować serwisować urządzenia bez zapoznania się z niniejszym podręcznikiem
serwisowym i zrozumienia go.
• Niezastosowanie się do tego ostrzeżenia może doprowadzić do obrażeń serwisanta,
operatora lub pacjenta w wyniku porażenia prądem elektrycznym, zagrożenia
mechanicznego bądź innego.
AVISO Este manual de assistência técnica encontra-se disponível unicamente em inglês.
(PT-BR) • Se outro serviço de assistência técnica solicitar a tradução deste manual, caberá ao
cliente fornecer os serviços de tradução.
• Não tente reparar o equipamento sem ter consultado e compreendido este manual de
assistência técnica.
• A não observância deste aviso pode ocasionar ferimentos no técnico, operador ou
paciente decorrentes de choques elétricos, mecânicos ou outros.
ATENÇÃO Este manual de assistência técnica só se encontra disponível em inglês.
(PT-PT) • Se qualquer outro serviço de assistência técnica solicitar este manual noutro idioma, é
da responsabilidade do cliente fornecer os serviços de tradução.
• Não tente reparar o equipamento sem ter consultado e compreendido este manual de
assistência técnica.
• O não cumprimento deste aviso pode colocar em perigo a segurança do técnico, do
operador ou do paciente devido a choques eléctricos, mecânicos ou outros.
ATENŢIE Acest manual de service este disponibil doar în limba engleză.

(RO) • Dacă un furnizor de servicii pentru clienţi necesită o altă limbă decât cea engleză, este
de datoria clientului să furnizeze o traducere.
• Nu încercaţi să reparaţi echipamentul decât ulterior consultării şi înţelegerii acestui
manual de service.
• Ignorarea acestui avertisment ar putea duce la rănirea depanatorului, operatorului sau
pacientului în urma pericolelor de electrocutare, mecanice sau de altă natură.
ОСТОРОЖНО! Данное руководство по техническому обслуживанию представлено только на

(RU) английском языке.
• Если сервисному персоналу клиента необходимо руководство не на английском, а
на каком-то другом языке, клиенту следует самостоятельно обеспечить перевод.
• Перед техническим обслуживанием оборудования обязательно обратитесь к
данному руководству и поймите изложенные в нем сведения.
• Несоблюдение требований данного предупреждения может привести к тому, что
специалист по техобслуживанию, оператор или пациент получит удар
электрическим током, механическую травму или другое повреждение.
UPOZORENJE Ovo servisno uputstvo je dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku.
(SR) • Ako klijentov serviser zahteva neki drugi jezik, klijent je dužan da obezbedi prevodilačke
usluge.
• Ne pokušavajte da opravite uređaj ako niste pročitali i razumeli ovo servisno uputstvo.
• Zanemarivanje ovog upozorenja može dovesti do povređivanja servisera, rukovaoca ili
pacijenta usled strujnog udara ili mehaničkih i drugih opasnosti.
UPOZORNENIE Tento návod na obsluhu je k dispozícii len v angličtine.
(SK) • Ak zákazníkov poskytovateľ služieb vyžaduje iný jazyk ako angličtinu, poskytnutie
prekladateľských služieb je zodpovednosťou zákazníka.
• Nepokúšajte sa o obsluhu zariadenia, kým si neprečítate návod na obluhu a
neporozumiete mu.
• Zanedbanie tohto upozornenia môže spôsobiť zranenie poskytovateľa služieb,
obsluhujúcej osoby alebo pacienta elektrickým prúdom, mechanické alebo iné ohrozenie.

ATENCION Este manual de servicio sólo existe en inglés.
(ES) • Si el encargado de mantenimiento de un cliente necesita un idioma que no sea el inglés,
el cliente deberá encargarse de la traducción del manual.
• No se deberá dar servicio técnico al equipo, sin haber consultado y comprendido este
manual de servicio.
• La no observancia del presente aviso puede dar lugar a que el proveedor de servicios, el
operador o el paciente sufran lesiones provocadas por causas eléctricas, mecánicas o
de otra naturaleza.
VARNING Den här servicehandboken finns bara tillgänglig på engelska. .
(SV) • Om en kunds servicetekniker har behov av ett annat språk än engelska, ansvarar kunden
för att tillhandahålla översättningstjänster.
• Försök inte utföra service på utrustningen om du inte har läst och förstår den här
servicehandboken.
• Om du inte tar hänsyn till den här varningen kan det resultera i skador på
serviceteknikern, operatören eller patienten till följd av elektriska stötar, mekaniska faror
eller andra faror.
OPOZORILO Ta servisni priročnik je na voljo samo v angleškem jeziku.
(SL) • Če ponudnik storitve stranke potrebuje priročnik v drugem jeziku, mora stranka zagotoviti
prevod.
• Ne poskušajte servisirati opreme, če tega priročnika niste v celoti prebrali in razumeli.
• Če tega opozorila ne upoštevate, se lahko zaradi električnega udara, mehanskih ali
drugih nevarnosti poškoduje ponudnik storitev, operater ali bolnik.
DİKKAT Bu servis kılavuzunun sadece ingilizcesi mevcuttur.

(TR) • Eğer müşteri teknisyeni bu kılavuzu ingilizce dışında bir başka lisandan talep ederse,
bunu tercüme ettirmek müşteriye düşer.
• Servis kılavuzunu okuyup anlamadan ekipmanlara müdahale etmeyiniz.
• Bu uyarıya uyulmaması, elektrik, mekanik veya diğer tehlikelerden dolayı teknisyen,
operatör veya hastanın yaralanmasına yol açabilir.



Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Safety ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
1.0 General Safety.............................................................................................................................................................................. 21
1.1 Symbols and labels found on the PRODIGY ................................................................................................................... 22
1.1.1 External Symbols ............................................................................................................................................................... 22
1.1.2 Internal Symbols ................................................................................................................................................................ 23
1.1.3 Labels ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
1.2 Emergency Stop Button .......................................................................................................................................................... 27
1.3 Laser Exposure ............................................................................................................................................................................ 28
1.4 Shutter Indicator ......................................................................................................................................................................... 29
1.5 Cautions, Warnings, and Notes ........................................................................................................................................... 30
1.5.1 Caution Statements ......................................................................................................................................................... 30
1.5.2 Warning Statements........................................................................................................................................................ 30
1.5.3 Note Statements................................................................................................................................................................ 30

1.6 Safety Concerns .......................................................................................................................................................................... 31
1.6.1 Pinch points.......................................................................................................................................................................... 31
1.6.2 Laser safety .......................................................................................................................................................................... 32
1.6.3 Radiation safety ................................................................................................................................................................. 32

1.6.4 Scatter Radiation ............................................................................................................................................................... 32
1.7 Controlling Computer and Accessories ........................................................................................................................... 34
1.7.1 Electrical Safety .................................................................................................................................................................. 34
1.7.2 Electromagnetic interference ..................................................................................................................................... 34
1.7.3 Peripheral Configurations ............................................................................................................................................. 34
1.7.4 Standard room configuration (system no. DF+12000 and greater) ......................................................... 34
1.7.5 Small room configuration (system no. DF+12000 and higher).................................................................... 35
1.7.6 Scanner power output configuration (system no. DF+11999 and lower) .............................................. 35
1.7.7 Wall outlet configuration (system no. DF+11999 and lower) ....................................................................... 35
Chapter 2 System Overview............................................................................................................................................................. 37
2.0 PRODIGY System ......................................................................................................................................................................... 41
2.0.1 PRODIGY Electronics ........................................................................................................................................................ 43
2.1 Electronics ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
2.1.1 Cautions ................................................................................................................................................................................. 45

2.1.2 Electronics Pan ................................................................................................................................................................... 46
2.1.3 Scan Arm ............................................................................................................................................................................... 46
2.1.4 Power specifications ........................................................................................................................................................ 46
2.2 PRODIGY Block Diagrams ....................................................................................................................................................... 48
2.2.1 PRODIGY I (System numbers DF+11999 and lower) Power Distribution Block Diagram (AC
entrance) ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 48
2.2.2 PRODIGY System Block Diagram PRODIGY I System Block Diagram ....................................................... 49
2.2.3 PRODIGY I Peripheral Configuration Block Diagrams ...................................................................................... 50
2.2.4 PRODIGY II System / Power Block Diagram .......................................................................................................... 51
2.3 PRODIGY Fusing ........................................................................................................................................................................... 52
2.4 PRODIGY I (system numbers DF+11999 and lower) Single Board Controller ................................................. 53
2.4.1 SBC Functions...................................................................................................................................................................... 53
2.4.2 SBC Reset............................................................................................................................................................................... 53
2.4.3 SBC / Host PC Interface .................................................................................................................................................. 54
2.5 PRODIGY II Combined Single Board Controller (cSBC) (systems DF+12000 and greater) ........................ 54
2.5.1 cSBC System Architecture ............................................................................................................................................. 55
2.5.2 cSBC Functions ................................................................................................................................................................... 56
2.5.3 TRANS / LONG MOTOR Control and Status ........................................................................................................... 59
2.5.4 AGS ROLL ............................................................................................................................................................................... 59

2.5.5 AGS DAC ................................................................................................................................................................................. 59
2.5.6 SCANNER RESET ................................................................................................................................................................. 60
2.5.7 GE-LUNAR Model 7861 X-ray Generator Errors .................................................................................................. 61
2.5.8 DC FAIL .................................................................................................................................................................................... 61
2.5.9 DCA / AGS / BIAS DAC's ................................................................................................................................................... 62
2.5.10 KV/mA DAC ........................................................................................................................................................................ 62
2.5.11 ARC/FIL DAC....................................................................................................................................................................... 62
2.5.12 PEAK DAC ............................................................................................................................................................................ 62
2.5.13 MAX PLD Peripherals ..................................................................................................................................................... 62
2.5.14 Interrupts ............................................................................................................................................................................ 63
2.5.15 MASTER RESET .................................................................................................................................................................. 63
2.5.16 SUICIDE RESET .................................................................................................................................................................. 64
2.5.17 MISC OUT............................................................................................................................................................................. 64
2.5.18 MISC IN ................................................................................................................................................................................. 65

2.5.19 Stepper Motor Control .................................................................................................................................................. 65
2.5.20 OMI/OMD Input ................................................................................................................................................................ 65
2.5.21 Patient Positioners ......................................................................................................................................................... 67
2.5.22 Limit Switches .................................................................................................................................................................. 67
2.5.23 X-ray Source Control / Mechanical Interlocks .................................................................................................. 67
2.5.24 Shutter / Collimator Drive ........................................................................................................................................... 67
2.5.25 End of Exposure Alarm................................................................................................................................................. 68
2.5.26 Panel LED's......................................................................................................................................................................... 68
2.5.27 HVPS Control ..................................................................................................................................................................... 68
2.5.28 ADC ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 68
2.5.29 mA Low Range ................................................................................................................................................................. 69
2.5.30 Detector Interface .......................................................................................................................................................... 69
2.5.31 Communications Ports ................................................................................................................................................ 69
2.5.32 Debug RS-232 Port ........................................................................................................................................................ 69

2.5.33 Diagnostic LED's .............................................................................................................................................................. 70
2.6 Power Distribution (PRODIGY II Systems DF+1200 and greater) ......................................................................... 71
2.7 Tube Head and X-ray Insert .................................................................................................................................................. 71
2.7.1 X-ray generation and Spectrum ................................................................................................................................ 71
2.8 X-ray Generator (High Voltage Power Supply(ies)) ..................................................................................................... 72

2.9 MAX Board (PRODIGY I systems DF+11999 and lower only) .................................................................................. 72
2.9.1 MAX Board Function ........................................................................................................................................................ 72
2.9.2 Dedicated +28VDC power supply.............................................................................................................................. 72
2.10 XORB Board (PRODIGY I Systems DF+11999 and lower only) ............................................................................ 73
2.11 Detector Sub System.............................................................................................................................................................. 74
2.11.1 Detector Overview ......................................................................................................................................................... 74
2.11.2 Detector Operation ........................................................................................................................................................ 74
2.11.3 Detector Daughter Board Overview ...................................................................................................................... 75
2.11.4 Detector Daughter Board Operation .................................................................................................................... 76
2.11.5 Detector Mother Board Overview ........................................................................................................................... 76
2.11.6 Detector Mother Board Operation ......................................................................................................................... 76
2.12 FOINK (PRODIGY I Systems DF+11999 and lower only) ......................................................................................... 78
2.12.1 FOINK Functions.............................................................................................................................................................. 78
2.12.2 Motion Control and Detection .................................................................................................................................. 78

2.13 Display Panel .............................................................................................................................................................................. 79
2.14 Audible X-RAY OFF Signal ..................................................................................................................................................... 80
2.15 X-Ray Collimator Subsystem .............................................................................................................................................. 80
2.16 PRODIGY Specifications......................................................................................................................................................... 80
2.17 Secondary Calibration / Daily QA ..................................................................................................................................... 80
2.17.1 Secondary Calibration overview.............................................................................................................................. 80
2.17.2 Starting the Daily QA (secondary calibration) ................................................................................................... 81
2.17.3 Tests Performed in the Secondary Calibration ................................................................................................. 82
2.17.4 QA Database ..................................................................................................................................................................... 85
Chapter 3 Service Software .............................................................................................................................................................. 87
3.0 Diagnostic Software .................................................................................................................................................................. 89
3.0.1 To Access the Service Software: ................................................................................................................................. 89
3.1 The Tools Menu ............................................................................................................................................................................ 91
3.1.1 Spectrum ............................................................................................................................................................................... 91

3.1.2 Stability Run.......................................................................................................................................................................... 91
3.1.3 Signal Monitor ..................................................................................................................................................................... 91
3.1.4 Primary Calibration ........................................................................................................................................................... 91
3.1.5 Secondary Verification .................................................................................................................................................... 91
3.1.6 Pileup ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 91

3.1.7 Set Download Parameters ............................................................................................................................................ 91
3.1.8 enCORE Composer ............................................................................................................................................................ 91
3.1.9 Error Log................................................................................................................................................................................. 91
3.1.10 Copy Configuration ........................................................................................................................................................ 92
3.1.11 User Options ...................................................................................................................................................................... 92
3.1.12 Service Options ................................................................................................................................................................ 92
3.1.13 Outbox .................................................................................................................................................................................. 92
3.1.14 System File Editor ............................................................................................................................................................ 92
3.2 Tools / Diagnostics Menu ........................................................................................................................................................ 93
3.2.1 Pileup ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 93
3.2.2 Calibration Pileup ............................................................................................................................................................... 93
3.2.3 Spillover .................................................................................................................................................................................. 93
3.2.4 Count Rate ............................................................................................................................................................................ 93

3.2.5 Scanner Motion .................................................................................................................................................................. 93
3.2.6 Scanner Detector .............................................................................................................................................................. 94
3.2.7 Scanner X-ray ..................................................................................................................................................................... 94
3.2.8 Lin/Rep.................................................................................................................................................................................... 95
3.2.9 Limit Switch Adjustment ................................................................................................................................................ 95
3.2.10 Scanner Disconnect ...................................................................................................................................................... 95
3.3 Diagnostic Scan Modes - ........................................................................................................................................................ 96
3.3.1 Table Top Scan - ................................................................................................................................................................ 96
3.3.2 Alignment Scan .................................................................................................................................................................. 96
3.3.3 Beam Wobble scan .......................................................................................................................................................... 96
3.3.4 Hacksaw ................................................................................................................................................................................ 96
3.4 Error Log ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 97
3.4.1 Printing the Error Log. ..................................................................................................................................................... 98
3.4.2 Troubleshooting Help software ................................................................................................................................100

3.4.3 Reading the Error Log ...................................................................................................................................................102
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................................................................103
4.0 Diagnostic Failure Codes ......................................................................................................................................................105
4.1 Transverse Motion failure .....................................................................................................................................................105
4.1.1 Operator Induced - switch closed during scan ................................................................................................105

4.1.2 Mechanical Failures - Unusual noise or irregular motion ...........................................................................106
4.1.3 Loss of OMI/OMD signal ...............................................................................................................................................107
4.2 Longitudinal Motion failure ..................................................................................................................................................109
4.2.1 Limit Switch Tripped During a Scan .......................................................................................................................109
4.2.2 Longitudinal Binding ......................................................................................................................................................109
4.2.3 Loss of OMI/OMD Signal...............................................................................................................................................111
4.3 Failure of the 28V power supply........................................................................................................................................113
4.4 Emergency Stop Button ........................................................................................................................................................113
4.5 Tube Head Thermostat ..........................................................................................................................................................114
4.6 Communication Error .............................................................................................................................................................114
4.7 Other Diagnostic Failure Codes .........................................................................................................................................114
4.7.1 Reasons For Invalid Diagnostic Failures ..............................................................................................................114
4.8 Failing Quality Assurance Test ...........................................................................................................................................114
4.8.1 Block Position ....................................................................................................................................................................115

4.8.2 Beam Stop Action ........................................................................................................................................................... 115
4.8.3 Mean% Spillover.............................................................................................................................................................. 115
4.8.4 Reference Counts and Ratio...................................................................................................................................... 115
4.8.5 Ratio Fluctuations........................................................................................................................................................... 115
4.8.6 Transverse or Longitudinal Mechanics ................................................................................................................ 116
4.8.7 Tissue Value....................................................................................................................................................................... 116
4.8.8 Bone Mineral of the Standard Chambers ........................................................................................................... 117
4.8.9 Symptoms of High and Low KV ............................................................................................................................... 117
4.9 Reference Counts..................................................................................................................................................................... 118
4.9.1 Unstable Counts .............................................................................................................................................................. 118
4.9.2 No Counts ........................................................................................................................................................................... 118
4.9.3 Decreasing Reference Counts .................................................................................................................................. 120
4.10 Arcing .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 120
4.10.1 Limit Switch Tripped During Scan ........................................................................................................................ 121

4.11 Imaging Problems ................................................................................................................................................................. 122
4.11.1 White, or Grey in the first or second scan line: .............................................................................................. 122
4.11.2 Femur Scan Problems................................................................................................................................................ 122
4.11.3 AP-Spine Image Problems: Probable causes.................................................................................................. 123
4.11.4 Broken Signal Cable .................................................................................................................................................... 123

4.11.5 Loss of tube head current........................................................................................................................................ 123
4.11.6 X-Ray Relay Failure ..................................................................................................................................................... 123
4.11.7 Unstable AC Line .......................................................................................................................................................... 123
4.11.8 Arcing ................................................................................................................................................................................. 124
4.12 Failing Alignment Test Results ........................................................................................................................................ 125
4.12.1 Image ................................................................................................................................................................................. 125
4.13 Indicator Failures ................................................................................................................................................................... 126
4.13.1 X-ray On LED Blinking ................................................................................................................................................ 126
4.13.2 Shutter Open LED Blinking ....................................................................................................................................... 126
4.13.3 Shutter Not Operating ............................................................................................................................................... 127
4.13.4 End of Exposure Alarm During Scan ................................................................................................................... 127
4.14 Communications Failures ................................................................................................................................................. 128
4.15 Viewing Quality Assurance Trends ............................................................................................................................... 128

4.15.1 What to Look for in the QA History ......................................................................................................................128
4.16 MAX Board Troubleshooting .............................................................................................................................................130
4.17 FOINK Board Troubleshooting .........................................................................................................................................131
4.18 OMI/OMD Board Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................................132
4.19 SBC Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................................................................133
4.20 XORB Troubleshooting.........................................................................................................................................................135
4.21 Detector Motherboard Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................136
4.22 Detector Daughter Board Troubleshooting ..............................................................................................................138
Chapter 5 Service Procedures.......................................................................................................................................................139
5.0 Reloading LUNAR Software .................................................................................................................................................141
5.1 Peaking the Detector ..............................................................................................................................................................141
5.1.1 Peaking Procedure .........................................................................................................................................................141
5.2 Tube Head Replacement ......................................................................................................................................................142
5.2.1 Shelf Life...............................................................................................................................................................................143

5.2.2 Mounting The Tube Head ............................................................................................................................................143
5.3 Lower Cable Bundle Replacement ...................................................................................................................................144
5.3.1 Procedure............................................................................................................................................................................144
5.4 Upper Cable Bundle Replacement ...................................................................................................................................146
5.4.1 Procedure............................................................................................................................................................................146
5.5 Tube Head Control Cable Replacement ........................................................................................................................149
5.5.1 Procedure............................................................................................................................................................................149
5.6 Tests to Perform after Service ............................................................................................................................................152
5.6.1 Test Work Instructions and/or References to Work Instructions .......................................................152
Chapter 6 Maintenance ....................................................................................................................................................................157
6.0 Preventative Maintenance ...................................................................................................................................................159
6.0.1 QA History ...........................................................................................................................................................................159
6.0.2 Repacking the High Voltage Cable Connectors ...............................................................................................159
6.0.3 Wear ......................................................................................................................................................................................159
6.0.4 Cleaning ...............................................................................................................................................................................159
6.0.5 Inspection............................................................................................................................................................................160
6.0.6Tests ........................................................................................................................................................................................160
6.1 Unusual Sounds ........................................................................................................................................................................160
6.2 Change Orders ...........................................................................................................................................................................160



1 Chapter 1 Safety
This chapter highlights safety devices and features a Service Engineer should know
before servicing a PRODIGY system.
Chapter Contents:
1.0 General Safety

1.1 Symbols and labels found on the PRODIGY
1.1.1 External Symbols
1.1.2 Internal Symbols

1.1.3 Labels
1.2 Emergency Stop Button
1.3 Laser Exposure
1.4 Shutter Indicator
1.5 Cautions, Warnings, and Notes

1.5.1 Caution Statements
1.5.2 Warning Statements
1.5.3 Note Statements
1.6 Safety Concerns
1.6.1 Pinch points
1.6.2 Laser safety
1.6.3 Radiation safety
1.6.4 Scatter Radiation
1.7 Controlling Computer and Accessories
1.7.1 Electrical Safety
1.7.3 Peripheral Configurations
1.7.4 Standard room configuration (system no. DF+12000 and greater)
1.7.5 Small room configuration (system no. DF+12000 and higher)
1.7.6 Scanner power output configuration (system no. DF+11999 and lower)
1.7.7 Wall outlet configuration (system no. DF+11999 and lower)
Figure 1-1. The PRODIGY Display Panel

Figure 1-2. Laser Warning Label (U.S. systems only)
Figure 1-4. Laser Warning Label (International systems only)
Figure 1-5. Source (x-rays) off - Shutter closed (green)
Figure 1-6. Source (x-rays) on - Shutter open (yellow)
Figure 1-7. Potential Pinch Points on the PRODIGY
Figure 1-8. PRODIGY Iso-Dose Diagram

1.0 General Safety
• DO NOT attempt to service the PRODIGY without first reading this manual.
• DO NOT attempt any repairs without prior instructions from authorized LUNAR personnel.
• In order to maintain electrical safety and electromagnetic compatibility, the Lunar PRODIGY is
only to be connected to a computer, printer, and peripherals that are certified to be compliant
with IEC 950/EN 60950 Safety of information technology equipment, including electrical business
equipment and IEC 601-1-2 Medical electrical equipment, Part 1: General requirements for safety,
2. Collateral Standard: Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements and tests. Emergency Stop
Button.
• Ionizing Radiation Exposure: When power is applied, this equipment may generate ionizing
radiation. Take precautions that no part of the body passes through the x-ray beam when the
equipment is energized. Avoid scatter radiation during warm-up and testing by maintaining a
safe distance from the x-ray beam. See the Safety and Specification manual for equipment
appropriate distance and other precautions regarding ionizing radiation. All operators must be
properly trained regarding ionizing radiation and take adequate steps to protect against injury.
• Electric Shock: This equipment contains high voltages. When the tabletop/panels/ shrouds are
removed, visually confirm that power cord is unplugged and remains unplugged until power is
required to complete the procedure. When servicing while energized, take precautions to prevent
electric shock.
• Moving Parts and Pinch Points: Avoid moving parts and pinch points (e.g. belt/pulley, arm/back
rail, green wheels/rail).

• Sharp Edges: Take precautions to prevent injury from contact with component edges (e.g.
OMI/OMD wheel, arm slot cover).
• Hot Surfaces: Keep hands clear or allow components to cool before servicing. (e.g. stepper
motors, hard drives, power supplies and microprocessors).
• Heavy Lifting: Obtain help lifting or moving any object weighing over EHS limits. Ask for
assistance when maneuvering awkward objects (e.g. tabletop).
• Laser Radiation: Do not stare into the laser beam at any time. The reflection from the tabletop
or shutter/collimator assembly is sufficient to determine if the laser is on.
• Follow appropriate Lockout/Tagout procedures as described in MyLearning training course
GEMS-EHS-LOTOAth.
• Wear appropriate PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) while servicing the equipment, e.g. eye
protection and steel-toe/composite-toe shoes.

1.1 Symbols and labels found on the PRODIGY
1.1.1 External Symbols

The following symbols are found on the PRODIGY, in the Operators manual, and in the Service Manual.
Attention: contains important safety information such as the location of a

pinch point.
Emergency Stop Button: shows the location of the emergency stop button.
Power On: shows the location of the Power On indicator and the switch
position for Power On.
Power Off: shows the switch position for Power Off.

Laser On: shows the location of the Laser On indicator. It is found only on
systems delivered internationally.
Shutter Open: shows the location of the Shutter Open indicator.
X-ray On: shows the location of the X-Ray On indicator.
Type B Equipment: shows that the scanner has Type B protection against
electrical shock.

1.1.2 Internal Symbols
The following symbols are found inside the PRODIGY, and in the Service Manual.
Protective Earth: shows the location of a Protective Earth Terminal.
Functional Earth: shows the location of a Functional Earth Terminal.
1.1.3 Labels
The following labels are found on the PRODIGY Scanner.
Laser Caution Label: Shows that the scanner uses a

Class II laser. This label is not found on systems
shipped to Canada.
Laser Caution Label: Canada only

Tube Head Assembly Label (system number
DF+12000 and greater): This label gives tube head
assembly and x-ray source characteristics
information. It is located on the tube head assembly
and the foot panel of the scanner.
Tube Head Assembly Label (system number

DF+11999 a lower): This label gives tube head
assembly and x-ray source characteristics
information. It located on the tube head assembly
and the foot panel of the scanner.
A definition of each symbol on this label follows:

Tube Insert
X-ray Source
Focal Point
Inherent Filtration

High Voltage Power Supply: This label gives high
voltage power supply (x-ray generator) information.
It is located on the positive and negative power
supply(s), and foot panel of the scanner.
X-ray Controller: This label shows x-ray controller

compliance. It is located on the foot panel of the
scanner.
Collimator Assembly: This label gives collimator

assembly information. It is located on the collimator
and foot panel of the scanner.
Warning Label and Radiation Symbol: The Warning

label shows that the system uses ionizing radiation. It
is found only on systems delivered in the United
States. Always obey instructions for safe operation.
Radiation Label: This label shows that the system

uses ionizing radiation.

Grounding Reliability Label: This label states that
grounding reliability can only be maintained when
using a “Hospital Grade” or “Hospital Only” receptacle.
It is only found on systems delivered in the United
States.

The Emergency Stop Button is a round red button located on the scanner display panel (see Figure 1-1).
When pressed, power is removed from the X-ray tube head, the laser, and the shutter is closed. Power is
also removed from the scan arm motors, allowing the operator/patient to push the scan arm out of the
way.
Figure 1-1. The PRODIGY Display Panel

1.3 Laser Exposure
The PRODIGY is equipped with a Class II Laser device. This laser is used for patient positioning. A Class II
rating indicates a low power visible laser that is not normally hazardous to eyesight but has the potential
to be hazardous if viewed directly for an extended period of time. Because of this potential hazard, DO
NOT stare directly into the beam while the laser is in operation, and DO NOT allow the beam to shine
directly into the patients' eyes. No specific eye protection is required with a Class II laser.
A amber laser-on indicator, located on the front of the scan arm, is lit when the laser is on. The program
activates the laser during positioning for an image acquisition. The program then turns off the laser
when you begin the scan. The emergency stop button will turn off the laser.
There is a caution label (Figure 1-2) on the scan arm near the Display Panel.
Figure 1-2. Laser Warning Label (U.S. systems only)

Figure 1-3. Laser Warning Label (Canadian Systems only)
Figure 1-4. Laser Warning Label (International systems only)

Note: DO NOT STARE INTO THE BEAM while the laser is operating.

1.4 Shutter Indicator
This symbol is used to indicate an open-shutter condition in accordance with the safety standards
established by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Figure 1-5. Source (x-rays) off - Shutter closed (green)

Figure 1-6. Source (x-rays) on - Shutter open (yellow)

This symbol appears near the yellow X-ray shutter-open indicator light. The X-ray shutter-open indicator
light is located on the Display Panel on the scan arm near the front.
Note: When the x-ray on / shutter open symbol appears in literature associated with the PRODIGY scanner,
it will be used to indicate that the procedure being described results in an open shutter condition. During
these times personnel should exercise caution to avoid excessive exposure to the X-rays.

1.5 Cautions, Warnings, and Notes
This manual contains warning and caution statements wherever appropriate for your safety. The
warnings and cautions used throughout the manual are based on the safety standards established by
the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). In addition, the manual uses notes to attract the
reader's attention to important information.
1.5.1 Caution Statements
A caution statement reflects a condition that, if not avoided, could cause equipment or
property damage.
1.5.2 Warning Statements
A warning statement reflects a potentially hazardous condition that, if not avoided, could
result in serious injury.
1.5.3 Note Statements

Note: This symbol turns the reader's attention to important information which may otherwise be
overlooked.

1.6 Safety Concerns
1.6.1 Pinch points

The Warning label below identifies the location of possible pinch points.
Because the PRODIGY Densitometer contains moving parts, there are places on the scanner
where there is a danger of pinching. Operators should be aware of these pinch points to
avoid injury to the patient or themselves. When the scanner arm is in motion, make sure
possible pinch point locations are clear at all times. Labels applied at the LUNAR factory
indicate the location of the pinch points. The pinch points and their labels are shown in the
Figure 1-7.
Figure 1-7. Potential Pinch Points on the PRODIGY
Do not touch the AC Surge Suppressor (located on the AC terminal block) it may be hot.

Do not electrically connect the isolation transformer bolt head to ground, doing this will
short out the transformer.
Scan table isolated outlet strip must be appropriately connected.
1.6.2 Laser safety
DO NOT STARE INTO THE LASER BEAM during patient positioning and Quality Assurance
procedures.
The label that follows is located on the scanner arm and shows the location of the laser aperture.
1.6.3 Radiation safety

X-ray exposure: The system makes radiation when electric voltage is supplied to, and current flows
through, the x-ray tube. During a measurement, the shutter opens to let a beam of radiation pass
through the scanner table and patient. The radiation field at the table top is 19.2 mm x 3.3 mm. Lead
oxide shielding surrounds the x-ray tube insert inside the tube housing assembly and reduces radiation
levels around the scanner table.
Skin entrance dose: Table 1 of the PRODIGY Operators Safety and Specifications manual shows
irradiation times and skin entrance doses.
1.6.4 Scatter Radiation

There is some scatter radiation from the PRODIGY when it is running. Figure 1-8 shows the radiation
dosages while the scanner is running at 3.00 mA at certain distances.
These dosages are relatively insignificant as the allowed yearly dosage for a person working with
radiation emitting equipment is 5000 mRem. Radiation however should be avoided when possible.

Figure 1-8. PRODIGY Iso-Dose Diagram

1.7 Controlling Computer and Accessories
1.7.1 Electrical Safety

IEC and UL/CSA certification
IEC: To maintain electrical safety, all computer equipment and accessories connected to the scanner
must meet all IEC requirements for safety, such as IEC 950, "Safety of information technology equipment,
including electrical business equipment," and IEC 801-5, "EMC Surge Immunity Requirements." The
computer and all accessories must have the CE label.
UL/CSA: To maintain electrical safety, all computer equipment and accessories connected to the scanner
must have safety agency approvals for UL/CSA.
1.7.2 Electromagnetic interference

Although the scanner meets safety standards regarding electromagnetic interference (EN60601-1-2),
you may still experience a loss of performance under extreme electromagnetic conditions. Maximize the
distance between the scanner and other equipment, and use a dedicated power line, to avoid
interference to and from the scanner.
1.7.3 Peripheral Configurations

The correct connection of the computer and all peripherals is necessary to maintain
electrical safety. The signal cable of the scanner is intended only for connection to an
approved computer. Call LUNAR Support or your LUNAR distributor before adding
peripherals.
Note: The scanner's output power strip can be used to supply the Host PC with isolated power. If it is to be
used the following conditions must be met. If the conditions cannot be met, the scanner's output power
strip cannot be used.
Note: See also Peripheral Block Diagrams - Section 2.2.3
1.7.4 Standard room configuration (system no. DF+12000 and

greater)
The computer, peripherals, and all other equipment must be located more than 1.83 m from the scanner.
Use an outlet strip to power the computer and all peripherals. The outlet strip must be mounted off the
floor so that it does not touch other equipment. If your outlet strip was provided by LUNAR, it has a
maximum output of 15A, 120VAC. Only system-related equipment should be powered by the outlet strip.

A modem and/or network connection can be made at any time if you are using the standard room
configuration.
1.7.5 Small room configuration (system no. DF+12000 and higher)

You must power the computer, peripherals, and all other equipment with an isolating transformer if the
room is too small to maintain at least 1.83 m of separation between the scanner and all other
equipment.
The isolation transformer supplied by LUNAR has a maximum output of 400/500VA. Only system-related
equipment should be powered by the isolation transformer. Failure to use an isolation transformer can
cause leakage currents in excess of 100 microamperes.
A modem and/or network connection can only be made in the small room configuration if all exposed
metal surfaces of the computer and peripherals are out of the patient environment.
1.7.6 Scanner power output configuration (system no. DF+11999 and

lower)
LUNAR recommends that you use scanner power output to provide isolated power to the computer and
all peripherals. The power strip must be mounted off the floor such that it does not touch other
equipment. The computer and ALL peripherals must be powered by the scanner. All other equipment
must not be powered by the scanner and must be located more than 1.83 m from the scanner. Failure to
use scanner power output can cause leakage currents in excess of 100 microamperes.
If a network and/or modem connection is needed, refer to the wall outlet configuration.
1.7.7 Wall outlet configuration (system no. DF+11999 and lower)

As an option to scanner power output, a wall outlet can be used to power the computer and peripherals.
Isolated power from the scanner must not be used to power any equipment if a wall outlet is used. All
exposed metal surfaces of the computer, peripherals, and other equipment must be located more than
1.83 m from the scanner.
A network and/or modem connection can be made to the computer if power is supplied from a wall
outlet as described above.



2 Chapter 2 System Overview
This chapter provides an overview of the PRODIGY system.
• In addition the chapter contains a brief discussion of major subsystems and illustrations of
the PRODIGY power system.
• This Chapter contains the PRODIGY Block Diagrams
2.0 PRODIGY System

2.0.1 PRODIGY Electronics
2.1 Electronics
2.1.1 Cautions
2.1.2 Electronics Pan
2.1.3 Scan Arm
2.1.4 Power specifications
2.2 PRODIGY Block Diagrams

2.2.1 PRODIGY I (System numbers DF+11999 and lower) Power Distribution Block
Diagram (AC entrance)
2.2.2 PRODIGY System Block Diagram PRODIGY I System Block Diagram
2.2.3 PRODIGY I Peripheral Configuration Block Diagrams
2.2.4 PRODIGY II System / Power Block Diagram
2.3 PRODIGY Fusing
2.4 PRODIGY I (system numbers DF+11999 and lower) Single Board Controller
2.4.1 SBC Functions
2.4.2 SBC Reset
2.4.3 SBC / Host PC Interface
2.5 PRODIGY II Combined Single Board Controller (cSBC) (systems DF+12000 and greater)
2.5.1 cSBC System Architecture
2.5.2 cSBC Functions
2.5.3 TRANS / LONG MOTOR Control and Status
2.5.4 AGS ROLL
2.5.5 AGS DAC
2.5.6 SCANNER RESET

2.5.7 GE-LUNAR Model 7861 X-ray Generator Errors
2.5.8 DC FAIL
2.5.9 DCA / AGS / BIAS DAC's
2.5.10 KV/mA DAC
2.5.11 ARC/FIL DAC
2.5.12 PEAK DAC
2.5.13 MAX PLD Peripherals
2.5.14 Interrupts
2.5.15 MASTER RESET
2.5.16 SUICIDE RESET
2.5.17 MISC OUT
2.5.18 MISC IN
2.5.19 Stepper Motor Control
2.5.20 OMI/OMD Input
2.5.21 Patient Positioners
2.5.22 Limit Switches
2.5.23 X-ray Source Control / Mechanical Interlocks

2.5.24 Shutter / Collimator Drive
2.5.25 End of Exposure Alarm
2.5.26 Panel LED's
2.5.27 HVPS Control
2.5.28 ADC
2.5.29 mA Low Range
2.5.30 Detector Interface
2.5.31 Communications Ports
2.5.32 Debug RS-232 Port
2.5.33 Diagnostic LED's
2.6 Power Distribution (PRODIGY II Systems DF+1200 and greater)
2.7 Tube Head and X-ray Insert
2.7.1 X-ray generation and Spectrum
2.8 X-ray Generator (High Voltage Power Supply(ies))
2.9 MAX Board (PRODIGY I systems DF+11999 and lower only)
2.9.1 MAX Board Function
2.9.2 Dedicated +28VDC power supply
2.10 XORB Board (PRODIGY I Systems DF+11999 and lower only)
2.11 Detector Sub System
2.11.1 Detector Overview
2.11.2 Detector Operation
2.11.3 Detector Daughter Board Overview

2.11.4 Detector Daughter Board Operation
2.11.5 Detector Mother Board Overview
2.11.6 Detector Mother Board Operation
2.12 FOINK (PRODIGY I Systems DF+11999 and lower only)
2.12.1 FOINK Functions
2.12.2 Motion Control and Detection
2.13 Display Panel
2.14 Audible X-RAY OFF Signal
2.15 X-Ray Collimator Subsystem
2.16 PRODIGY Specifications
2.17 Secondary Calibration / Daily QA
2.17.1 Secondary Calibration overview
2.17.2 Starting the Daily QA (secondary calibration)
Peak Test
2.17.3 Tests Performed in the Secondary Calibration
2.17.4 QA Database
Figure 2-9. PRODIGY System Exploded View of External Covers and associated hardware
Figure 2-10. PRODIGY I NTC thermistor on the Primary Terminal Block
Figure 2-11. PRODIGY I Power Distribution Block Diagram
Figure 2-12. PRODIGY I (systems DF+11999 and lower) Block Diagram
Figure 2-13. PRODIGY I (Systems DF+11999 and lower) Peripheral Configuration Block
Diagrams
Figure 2-14. PRODIGY II System / Power Block Diagram
Figure 2-15. Brackets included in OMD Service Retrofit Kit (LNR42824)
Figure 2-16. Detector Block Diagram
Figure 2-17. Detector Daughter Board Operation
Figure 2-18. PRODIGY Detector Module
Figure 2-19. PRODIGY display panel
Figure 2-20. PRODIGY Daily QA printout with expected values
Table 2-1. PRODIGY I (Systems DF+11999 and lower) Fuses

Table 2-2. PRODIGY II (systems DF+12000 and greater) Fuses



2.0 PRODIGY System
The PRODIGY includes the patient table and frame, X-ray tube, X-ray generator, detector, and arm. Its
physical specifications are summarized in LU43681 enCORE Safety and Specification Manual.
The PRODIGY has a mechanical design with two separate motion systems that are capable of
simultaneous operation. These are transverse, and longitudinal. Both motion systems are driven by
stepper motors.
The PRODIGY has been built as several different generations, 4 of which are described below:
Product Line First Serial Number First System ID Number
PRODIGY 1 60001 DF+10001
PRODIGY 2 62001 DF+12000

PRODIGY 3 Full 63001 DF+13001
PRODIGY 3 Compact 80001 DF-80001
PRODIGY 4 Full 64001 DF+14001

PRODIGY 4 Compact 81001 DF-81001
Hardware differences between generations are as follows. Assume all other hardware is the same as the
previous generation:
PRODIGY 1
• Solid-state CZT (Cadmium Zinc Telluride) Detector
• 4 Printed circuit boards in the electronics pan
• Positive and Negative High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS)
• Fiberglass panels
PRODIGY 2
• 1 printed circuit board in the electronics pan (cSBC)
• New X-Ray generator, tube housing assembly and cabling

• Integrated HVPS and new HV cables
• New DC power supply
PRODIGY 3
• Bias supply moved into the detector
• Outer panels redesigned to use structural foam.
• Arm slot canisters redesigned
• New GE color scheme
• GE logo added
PRODIGY 4
• DMB and DDB combined into 1 board (DIB)

Most instructions in this manual apply to all 4 PRODIGY generations. Where differences apply - they will be
noted.

2.0.1 PRODIGY Electronics
The internal components of the scanner are safely secured by a number of panels, including the
scanner's tabletop.
Figure 2-9. PRODIGY System Exploded View of External Covers and associated hardware
• The front and side panels are secured by screws from the inside.
• The rear panel is secured by screws from the outside.
• The table top is screwed down from the top.
Note: Primary Service access to the electronics of the scanner is through the table top.
• The Detector electronics (in the scan arm) are secured by an upper and lower shroud, held in
place by screws.
• Each metal panel is grounded to the electronics pan.
It is not usually necessary to remove the front and back panels for most service needs. However, if
access is needed to the Front and Rear Longitudinal Carriages, these can be removed.

The back panel is secured by hex socket head-head screws and must be slid out of the way, for it is
between the Arm Column and the frame.
If access is needed to the detector, Transverse Limit Switches or the other components mounted above
in the arm, the covers of the arm must be removed.
• The upper scan arm shroud can be removed by loosening the two screws holding it in place (on
the back of the arm column) and tipping it forward.
• The lower cover is held in place by four screws, two in the front and two in the back, be sure to
remove the ground wire for the metal portion of the lower cover as well

2.1 Electronics
2.1.1 Cautions
PRODIGY electronics are static sensitive, take static control precautions before servicing
scanner circuitry.
PRODIGY I electronics use Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistors to limit the in rush current
of the AC isolation transformer and the Detector Mother Board. These devices have a high resistance
when cold and decrease in resistance when warm.
Figure 2-10. PRODIGY I NTC thermistor on the Primary Terminal Block

A cool down period of 30 seconds is required before power is turned on on the system.
PRODIGY I ONLY: Failure to allow the system to “cool down” may cause the circuit breaker
for the AC line to trip and / or the + 12VDC for the Detector Mother Board (DMB) will not
come up to +12 VDC.
Note: The error log entry "DMB Power Cycle observed" is an indicator that the DC power to the Detector
Mother Board has been interrupted and the system should be powered down for 30 seconds to restore
power to the Detector Mother Board.
PRODIGY I ONLY: The NTC’s can get hot – they are located on the AC terminal block and on
the DC terminal block be careful when servicing these areas of the scanner.

2.1.2 Electronics Pan
The electronic components of the PRODIGY are mounted on the grounded Electronics Pan which is
horizontally fastened inside the frame.
PRODIGY I Systems (System numbers DF+11999 and lower):
• There are four low-voltage linear DC power supplies (under 30VDC), and two high-voltage DC
power supplies (to supply 76kV to the x-ray tube) on the pan.
• In addition to the power supplies, the electronics mounting chassis holds four printed circuit
boards, a stepper motor controller, the audible alarm, an AC entrance/line filter/fuse holder, an
isolation transformer and a terminal strip for AC power distribution to the Host PC and
peripherals.
PRODIGY II Systems (System numbers DF+12000 and greater):
• There is one low-voltage DC switching power supply (under 30VDC), and one high-voltage DC
power supply (x-ray generator - supplies 76kV to the x-ray tube) on the pan.
• In addition to the power supplies, the electronics mounting chassis holds one printed circuit
board, a stepper motor controller, and an AC entrance/ line filter/fuse holder.
2.1.3 Scan Arm

• The scan arm contains one high-voltage power supply (1000VDC / +12 VDC input) is located in the
upper arm near the X-ray detector and provides power to the Detector Array.
• The scan arm also houses the detector and 5 associated printed circuit boards, and a stepper motor
controller.
2.1.4 Power specifications

Leakage current
• Total System with Isolation Transformer: <100 microamperes.
• Scanner Table alone: <100 microamperes.
Scanner input power
• PRODIGY I ONLY: The scanner has 12 different nominal inputs: 100, 110, 115, 120, 125, 127, 200,
220, 230, 240, 250, and 254 VAC. During installation, the scanner is configured for the nominal
input which best matches the voltage on site.
• PRODIGY II ONLY: The scanner can accept any AC input between 100 and 254 VAC.
• Voltage may fluctuate ±10% from the nominal value without a loss of scanner performance.
• The nominal input (range of inputs) can be found on the system label.
• The rated power input is 1500 VA.

• The input power must meet IEEE 519-1992 for power quality and total harmonic distortion (THD
<5%).
Scanner output power (PRODIGY I system numbers DF+11999 and lower only)
• The scanner has 3 different nominal outputs: 100, 120, 240 VAC.
• The nominal voltage output of the scanner is shown on the system label.
• The computer and all peripherals which use the scanner output power must be rated for this
voltage.
• The maximum power output is 400 VA.

2.2 PRODIGY Block Diagrams
The block diagrams for the PRODIGY system follow:
2.2.1 PRODIGY I (System numbers DF+11999 and lower) Power

Distribution Block Diagram (AC entrance)
Figure 2-11. PRODIGY I Power Distribution Block Diagram

2.2.2 PRODIGY System Block Diagram PRODIGY I System Block
Diagram
Figure 2-12. PRODIGY I (systems DF+11999 and lower) Block Diagram

2.2.3 PRODIGY I Peripheral Configuration Block Diagrams
Figure 2-13. PRODIGY I (Systems DF+11999 and lower) Peripheral Configuration Block Diagrams

2.2.4 PRODIGY II System / Power Block Diagram
Figure 2-14. PRODIGY II System / Power Block Diagram


2.3 PRODIGY Fusing
PRODIGY I (system numbers DF+11999 and lower) Fuses
Fuse Rating Type

F1 (Computer AC) T 2.0 AL 5x20MM
F2 (Computer AC) T 2.0 AL 5x20MM
F3 (+5, +/-12 VDC PS (1)) T 1.25 AL 5x20MM
F4 (+5, +/-12 VDC PS (2)) T 1.25 AL 5x20MM
F5 (+26VDC PS) T 2.5 AL 5x20MM
F6 (+28VDC PS) T 0.63 AL 5x20MM
F7 (+5, +/-12VDC PS (1)) T 1.25 AL 5x20MM
F8 (+5, +/-12VDC PS (2)) T 1.25 AL 5x20MM
F9 (+26 VDC PS) T 2.5 AL 5x20MM
F10 (+28 VDC PS) T 0.63 AL 5x20MM

MAX PCB F1 F 0.5 AL 1/4x1 1/4 in.
All fuses are 250V, low breaking capacity (25A minimum)

Table 2-1. PRODIGY I (Systems DF+11999 and lower) Fuses
PRODIGY II (systems DF+12000 and greater) Fuses

Fuse Rating Type
Condor PS F1 F3.15 AH 5x20 mm
All fuses are 250V, low breaking capacity (25A minimum)

Table 2-2. PRODIGY II (systems DF+12000 and greater) Fuses

2.4 PRODIGY I (system numbers DF+11999 and lower)
Single Board Controller
2.4.1 SBC Functions

The microprocessor-based Single Board Controller (SBC) provides overall operation and control of the scan
table.
Control Functions
• Control of x-ray source power supplies, and shutter / collimator in a fail safe manner.
• Provides control signals for two external stepper motor drives (Centent) to scan patient in a fail safe
manner and senses limit switch actuation at the limits of travel (via FOINK see 2.12).
• Controls the detector array (communicates with the Detector Mother Board, section 2.11).
• Responds to external scanner failure signals (interrupts generated by SBC, FOINK see 2.12, and
Detector Mother Board see 2.11).
Communication
• Communicates with PC host via an optically isolated RS-422 interface.
• Collects data from the detector array.
2.4.2 SBC Reset

All SBC circuitry resets when the microprocessor resets. This is done during power up, and can also be
done over the communication port (via the host), through connections to other circuit boards (especially
the Detector Mother Board, as a fail-safe shutdown), the by pressing the reset button on the SBC, by
pressing the Emergency Stop Button on the arm, or when a fault is detected by the SBC or the FOINK
(section 2.12.1).
Error Conditions Sensed by the SBC:
• Loss of Communications with the Detector Mother Board (DMB).
• Loss of Communications with the Host PC.
• Limit Switch tripped when shutter is open.
• Limit Switch depressed when commands are being sent.
• Failure in x-ray source kV programming
• Interrupt sent by FOINK
The DMB will reset the SBC if it detects an error.
Error Conditions of the DMB sensed by the SBC:
• PLD programming failure

• Loss of +5 or +12 VDC
• Loss of Communications with SBC
• Corrupt FIRMWARE
• FLASH RAM Failure
• DTR Reset button on the DMB is pressed
2.4.3 SBC / Host PC Interface

The SBC communicates with the Host PC via an RS-422 interface. This is a serial connection capable of
transmitting more data than a standard RS-232 port. As it is not a standard serial port a RS-485 card
must be installed into one of the Host PCs expansion slots and the port must be configured correctly for
the PRODIGY to operate correctly (see DXPC2004).
2.5 PRODIGY II Combined Single Board Controller (cSBC)

(systems DF+12000 and greater)
The cSBC printed wiring board (PWB) is an eight layer rectangular board measuring 7.400" x 8.100". The
PWB is mounted in the via four mounting holes located 1/4" from each corner and 2 additional interior
mounting holes. The components are primarily surface mount, with board connectors, headers and a
few single-style ICs being the only exceptions.
Four layers were dedicated for routing layers. Sensitive signals were noted and routed manually and
isolated from more powerful signals to reduce signal interference and crosstalk on the same routing
layer. The main power and ground planes were stacked adjacently on the central inner layers to increase
inter-planar capacitance thus reducing ground bounce and power supply noise. Traces on the top and
bottom layers were kept as short as reasonably possible and tapped down to an internal trace layer
through vias.
Component placement is arranged to separate analog from digital circuitry. Further isolation was
achieved by segmenting the power and ground planes into analog and digital sections and denying
analog/digital plane overlap, thus preventing digital noise from coupling into the analog section. All
scanner control I/O is run via connectors located on the +24V plane section. The +24V plane is fully
optically isolated from both the analog and digital plane areas to prevent motor noise from coupling into
the analog section, to prevent DC switching noise from radiating on scanner cables, and to prevent ESD
presented at cable inputs from reaching the digital IC's.

2.5.1 cSBC System Architecture
The cSBC employs an Intel 80C251 micro-controller as its processor. This processor provides 1K of on-
board RAM and no on-board ROM. The controller is clocked at 16 MHz using a crystal.
cSBC Memory Space
The cSBC is designed to support a JEDEC-standard, non-volatile FLASH memory device up to 512K x 8
bits in size for code and fixed data. The board supports either 128K or 512K SRAM memory device as
needed for program volatile memory. Complete address decoding is provided via the MAX PLD, the CBSC
bus master, allowing the address space to be arbitrary and changed via the PLD code. The 80251 can
address four 64K segments, referred to as 0x00, 0x01, 0xFE and 0xFF as per Intel literature. The firmware
has the ability to map any FLASH or SRAM segment to any CPU segment via SFR’s in the MAX PLD.
FLASH RAM
At startup the CPU executes the boots code which programs the FLEX PLD and then maps in either NT or
PRODIGY runtime firmware as appropriate based on the most significant bit of the CCA REV register. To
switch from boot code to run code the firmware jumps to SRAM and executes a code snippet which
pages the boot code out of 0xFF and the desired firmware into 0xFF. The snippet then jumps from SRAM
back to 0xFF to execute the firmware. A boot jumper, JP4 is provided to optionally force the CPU to
remain in the boot code. When the boot jumper is installed the boot code runs the host port at 115.2KB.
SRAM
The cSBC contains a single 128K x 8 bit SRAM which provides read/write memory. The SRAM's segments
are arbitrarily mapped to any CPU segment by the CPU mapping registers.

2.5.2 cSBC Functions
The microprocessor-based Single Board Controller (cSBC) provides overall operation and control of the
scan table.
FLEX PLD Peripherals
The majority of scanner related programmable logic functionality is contained in the FLEX PLD, an Altera
EPF6024AQC208-3 device. Device programming is handled exclusively by the CPU. On each cold boot the
CPU reprograms the FLEX devices from an image stored in it's FLASH. As such a firmware download of a
new FLEX image is required to permanently upgrade the PLD code.
The functional components of the programmable logic are discussed in the following subsections.
Polarity of operation can be inferred from bit names and use of preceding slash for inverted logic bits.
Note that ports A-F are reloaded with default values at time of CPU reset and remain in the default state
until SCANNER_RESET has been cleared and new values are written by the firmware. Defaults for port F
and all other registers are invoked at power up only.
PORT A
Bit Name R/W Def. Description

Transverse motor enable – low blocks trans motor pulses and forces
0 trans_enable R/W 0
Centent drive to standby current level.
1 /trans_fwd R/W 0 Transverse motor direction control.
2 /shutter_open_ctrl R/W 1 Shutter solenoid control.
Transverse limit switch override – prevent limit switch contact from

3 trans_lsw_override R/W 0
blocking step pulses at hardware level.
Longitudinal motor enable – low blocks trans motor pulses and forces
4 long_enable R/W 0
Centent drive to standby current level.
5 /long_fwd R/W 0 Longitudinal motor direction control.
Longitudinal limit switch override – prevent limit switch contact from
6 long_lsw_override R/W 0
blocking step pulses at hardware level.
7 /collimator_open_ctrl R/W 1 Collimator solenoid control.

PORT B
0 /trans_front_lsw R N/A Transverse front limit switch position.
1 /trans_back_lsw R N/A Transverse back limit switch position.
2 /long_foot_lsw R N/A Longitudinal foot limit switch position.
3 /long_head_lsw R N/A Longitudinal head limit switch position.
4 trans_count_eq[0] R N/A Set when transverse step counter equals zero.
5 long_count_eq[0] R N/A Set when longitudinal step counter equals zero.
6 /shutter_open_sense R N/A Shutter limit switch position.
7 /collimator_open_sense R N/A Collimator limit switch position.
PORT C
0 /long_rev_pos R N/A Patient positioner (joystick) input.
1 /long_fwd_pos R N/A Patient positioner (joystick) input.

2 /trans_rev_pos R N/A Patient positioner (joystick) input.
3 /trans_fwd_pos R N/A Patient positioner (joystick) input.
4 /hvps_ac_relay R/W 1 Enable AC power to X-ray HVPS.
5 /motor_fail_enable R/W 1 Arm logic to shutdown scanner if OMI/OMD inputs not sensed.
6 ags_enable R/W 0 Enable detector automatic gain control feedback circuit.
7 /motor_power R/W 1 Enable 24VDC to the stepper motor drives (a.k.a. Centents).
PORT D
0 flex_max_i/o_[0] R/W 0 Output signal to MAX PLD (diagnostic use only).
4 flex_diag_3 R/W 0 Firmware controlled diagnostic LED.
5 pit_enable R/W 0 Enable Programmable Interval Timer output pulses.
7 /laser_on R/W 1 Patient locator laser control.

PORT E
0 low_range_dac R/W 0 Switches mA DAC from 2.048V to 0.500V reference.
1 trans_motor_accel R/W 0 Enables motor interrupt on every micro step.
2 low_range_adc R/W 0 Switches ADC from 5.000V to 0.500V reference.
3 long_motor_accel R/W 0 Enables motor interrupt on every micro step.
4 hvps_vendor_id R N/A For 7681 supply, 0 = Spellman, 1 = Bertan.
5 iq_hvps R N/A Set by resistor placement to indicate 0311/0312 supplies.
6 /hvps_enable_status R N/A Enable status monitor from 7681 supply.
7 /power_up R N/A Set to indicate cold boot.
PORT F
0 /motion_fail_enable R/W 1 Arm scanner shutdown if OMI/OMD pulses w/o step pulses.
1 long_motor_fail_axis R/W 0 Motor fail circuitry axis control, clear for transverse.
2 /hvps_enable R/W 1 Enable output to 7681 supply.
4 /arm_estop_sense R N/A Emergency stop sense bit.
5 spare_jmp_[1] R N/A Unused input, resistor or jumper selectable on CCA.

6 spare_jmp_[0] R N/A Unused input, resistor or jumper selectable on CCA.
7 cpu_p1_2 R N/A Firmware controlled diagnostic LED.
PORT G
0 adc_mux_[0] R/W 0 ADC analog MUX input selection control bit.
4 adc_mux_enable R/W 0 ADC MUX output enable control.
5 8ms_clock R/W 0 Clock output provided to MAX PLD.
6 unused N/A N/A For expansion.
7 unused N/A N/A For expansion.

2.5.3 TRANS / LONG MOTOR Control and Status
Dual axis stepper motor control is provided entirely by the FLEX PLD. To make a typical move the
firmware loads a starting velocity into the 16 bit VELOCITY register, the total number of steps for the
move into the 16 bit TARGET register, and step at which to next interrupt the CPU into the 16 bit STEP
register. Velocity is in terms of periods of the 2.0MHz fundamental clock per micro step pulse to the
stepper drive. The drives provide 10 micro steps per full step. The firmware can track move status by
reading the 16 bit READ register.
As part of the setup for a move the host and/or firmware must enable the motors via the /motor_power,
trans_enable, and long_enable outputs and setup the trans_lsw_override, long_lsw_override,
motion_fail_enable, / motor_fail_enable, and long_motor_fail_axis outputs as desired. If the system is in
scanner reset for any reason the FLEX PLD will over-ride the / motor_power output and prevent 24V
power from reaching the motor drives. Addressing for the motor control interface is provided below.
2.5.4 AGS ROLL

This is a read only 8 bit register which returns the count of AGS roll-over events since the previous read of
the register. The AGS roll counter is reset on read only - it is not tied to the PIT's sample clock.
2.5.5 AGS DAC

This port provides R/W access to the AGS circuit's 8 bit U/D counter. The counter is tied via a dedicated 8
bit bus to the AGS DAC. The DAC's analog voltage is tied to the gain control input of the variable gain
amplifier (VGA) used to control gain of the detector input signal. As such the firmware can read this
counter to determine the current DAC voltage level and hence gain level. If ags_enable is low this port
gives the firmware direct control of the AGS DAC as a parallel R/W device. If ags_enable is high, the
firmware can write to the port but the DAC will continue to respond to UP/DOWN requests from the AGS
DCA circuitry and hence quickly return to the AGS current operating voltage.
HE/LE COUNTERS
These read only ports provide access to the 16 bit event counters which are incremented each time the
DCA circuitry detects an input pulse within the HE or LE windows (as defined by the LEL, LEH, HEL, and
HEH DAC settings). These counters are read in two 8 bit bus cycles, MSB then LSB. The event counters
themselves consist of a counting element and a bus element. On the rising edge on the PIT output pulse
the counting elements are latched to the bus element. The PIT output is also tied to CPU external INT 1
and as such
the firmware interrupt handler then has until the next rising PIT edge to read the counters before the bus
elements are latched over with the next sample count and data is lost.
PIT MSB/LSB
The PLD provides a programmable interval timer (PIT) to the CPU. The PLD prescales it's input clock to
generate a PIT base clock of 100KHz. The CPU writes a 2 byte word to the PIT reload register MSB/LSB.
The CPU then raises the pit_enable bit to start the timer. In response to the rising edge on the pit_enable,
the PIT loads the reload word into it's counting element and begins counting down. When the count rolls
under the PIT asserts / SAMPLE_INT, reloads the counting element, and begins another count down

sequence. The /SAMPLE_INT line is tied internally to the HE and LE event counters and causes a
synchronous latch of both counting elements. The / SAMPLE_INT line is also tied to the processor's 2nd
external interrupt line, / INT1. The CPU interrupt handler reads the latched event counters and ships the
data to the host.
2.5.6 SCANNER RESET

The scanner reset register is used to provide failsafe shutdown operation of the scanner. A falling edge
on any of the inputs to this register will latch the current value of the register and drop the
/SCAN_FAIL_ANY output. The MAX PLD latches the master reset register and raises CPU_RESET in
response to the falling edge on /SCAN_FAIL_ANY. The MAX PLD also provides SCANNER_RESET as the
logical OR of CPU_RESET and!/ SCAN_FAIL_ANY. The FLEX PLD uses it's SCANNER_RESET input as the
enable bit to the tri-state buffers used to drive all safety critical output lines including shutter control,
HVPS relay control, motor relay control, etc. As such the scanner is locked into a fail-safe mode whenever
SCANNER_RESET is asserted.
The MAX's master reset register will remain latched until the next rising edge on the HOST_RTS input.
When the cSBC is latched into reset by a scanner error it will remain in CPU reset until the host drops the
RTS line and reasserts it. It will remain in scanner reset until the CPU reads the scanner reset register
following the next raising edge of the RTS line at which the condition causing the /SCAN_FAIL_ANY has
been cleared. The firmware passes the value of the reset registers to the host to allowing the host to
display appropriate error messages to the operator. The host will be unable to perform any scanner
related operations until the SCANNER_RESET has been cleared. Red diagnostic LED's (see 2.5.33) are
provided for both scanner and CPU reset lines. The CPU reset line is tied to the host CTS output such that
the host sees a CTS event when the cSBC enters CPU reset. The host code provides a CTS event handler
which reads the reset registers and prompts the user accordingly.
The firmware can also initiate a reset sequence in response to fatal error conditions by writing a 'death
code' to the suicide reset register. Resets can also be initiated by the manual push button on the cSBC
and by a low 5VDC power condition as sensed by the MAX705 supervisor. The scanner register is also
latched at the end of read cycles such that current status can be ascertained by a double read. A bit map
of the scanner reset register is provided below.
0 /thermostat_open_sense R N/A Tube head thermostat over temperature.
1 /external_estop_sense R N/A Emergency stop input from external options block.
2 /dc_power_fail R N/A Loss of one or more of +5VDC,+12VDC,-12VDC, or +24VDC.
3 /long_motor_fail R N/A Motor failure detected on longitudinal axis.
4 /trans_motor_fail R N/A Motor failure detected on transverse axis.
5 /dmb_error R N/A DMB dropped it’s CTS indicating a DMB reset event.
OMI/OMD pulses detected without step pulse (manual arm
6 /motion_fail R N/A
motion).
7 /watchdog_reset R N/A Watchdog time-out indicates firmware crash.

2.5.7 GE-LUNAR Model 7861 X-ray Generator Errors
The HVPS error register is used to monitor the status of the 7681 X-ray source HVPS. If the register value
is not equal to 0xF when /hvps_enable is low, the FLEX will raise the HVPS_ERROR_INT output to the MAX
PLD. The MAX PLD latches this into the IIR register and issues an interrupt to the CPU. As such status of
the HVPS is monitored when the unit is enabled. The handler for HVPS interrupt reads this register to
determine the cause of the interrupt. The HVPS register is also latched at the end of read cycles such that
current status can be ascertained by a double read. A bit map of the register is provided below.
0 /hvps_error_0 R N/A Error code bit from 7681 supply.
3 hvps_enable_status R N/A Set when /hvps_enable == /hvps_eanble_status
4 unused N/A N/A Expansion room.

2.5.8 DC FAIL
The DC fail error register latches the status of the DC power monitors at the time of reset. If scanner reset
code indicates /dc_power_fail the firmware can read this register to identify the specific DC source
failure. The register is also latched at the end of read cycles such that current status can be ascertained
by a double read.
0 /plus_scanner_fail R N/A Loss of +24V power input.
1 /plus_analog_fail R N/A Loss of +12V power input.
2 /minus_analog_fail R N/A Loss of -12V power input.

2.5.9 DCA / AGS / BIAS DAC's
The cSBC uses a single 10 bit octal DAC, the Linear Technology LTC1660, to generate the AGS and DAC
window reference voltages and the bias program voltage. The DAC utilizes a serial interface and as such
is not accessed with a traditional CPU write cycle. To load the device the firmware writes to the DAC
address listed above, in response to which the MAX drops the /CS line to the device. The firmware then
manipulates the local serial bus clock and data lines to load the DAC setting. The desired DAC channel
address in encoded into the first 4 bits of the output data word. A read is then made to the DAC address,
in response to which the MAX raises the /CS line. See device data sheet and analog section below for
further DAC details.
2.5.10 KV/mA DAC

The cSBC uses a single 12 bit dual DAC, the Linear Technology LTC1454, to generate the HVPS kV and mA
program voltages. The DAC utilizes a serial interface and as such is not accessed with a traditional CPU
write cycle. To load the device the firmware writes to the DAC address listed above, in response to which
the MAX drops the /CS line to the device. The firmware then manipulates the local serial bus clock and
data lines to load the DAC setting. Both DAC channels must be written together, CHA (kV) first followed by
CHB (mA) in a 24 bit stream packet. A read is then made to the DAC address, in response to which the
MAX raises the /CS line. See device data sheet and analog section below for further DAC details.
2.5.11 ARC/FIL DAC

The cSBC uses a single 10 bit dual DAC, the Linear Technology LTC1661, to generate the HVPS filament
limit and arc detect threshold voltages. The DAC utilizes a serial interface and as such is not accessed
with a traditional CPU write cycle. To load the device the firmware writes to the DAC address listed above,
in response to which the MAX drops the /CS line to the device. The firmware then manipulates the local
serial bus clock and data lines to load the DAC setting. The desired DAC channel address in encoded into
the first 4 bits of the output data word. A read is then made to the DAC address, in response to which the
MAX raises the /CS line. See device data sheet and analog section below for further DAC details.
2.5.12 PEAK DAC

The cSBC uses a 12 bit DAC, the Linear Technology LTC8043, to generate the detector peak gain voltage.
The DAC utilizes a serial interface and as such is not accessed with a traditional CPU write cycle. To load
the device the firmware manipulates the local serial bus clock and data lines to output load the DAC
setting and then performs a write/read cycle to the DAC address listed above to pulse the DAC's load line
low. See device data sheet and analog section below for further DAC details.
2.5.13 MAX PLD Peripherals

The programmable logic section is based on an Altera MAX EPM7128STC100-15 device. The
configuration pins for this device are taken to a JTAG style 10 pin header to allow for in-circuit
programming of the device from the Altera Byte-Blaster. The MAX device is FLASH based (non-volatile)

and is programmed at the time of CCA assembly. The functional components of the programmable logic
are discussed in the following subsections.
2.5.14 Interrupts
The CPU's interrupt capacity is effectively increased by running several interrupt signals to a register in
the MAX PLD and tying the register output to the CPU external INT 0 input. The firmware interrupt handler
for INT 0 then reads this register to identify the source of the interrupt and handles it accordingly. The
firmware then writes a bit masked '1' back to the IIR to clear the bit of the interrupt it has serviced (the
R/C in the table stands for READ/ CLEAR).
0 HOST_UART_INT R/C N/A Host UART interrupt.
1 DEBUG_UART_INT R/C N/A Debug UART interrupt.
2 DMB_UART_INT R/C N/A DMB UART interrupt.
3 HVPS_ERROR_INT R/C N/A HVPS error interrupt.
4 8mS_CLOCK R/C N/A 8ms clock tick interrupt from FLEX PLD.
5 POWER_FAIL_INT R/C N/A Power down pending in 5ms interrupt from DC supply.
2.5.15 MASTER RESET

The master reset register will force a CPU and scanner reset condition on the falling edge of any of its
listed inputs. The contents of the register will be latched at the time of reset such that when the CPU next
comes out of reset the firmware can read the register to determine what caused the preceding reset and
report the appropriate code to the host. If the reset was cause by the CPU_RST_WR input, the suicide
reset register contains the specific error code. If the reset was cause by the /SCAN_FAIL_ANY input, the
scanner reset register contains the specific error code.
The CPU and scanner resets will remain latched until the next rising edge of the RTS input. At this time the
CPU reset will be cleared if /POWER_RESET bit is not asserted and the scanner reset will be cleared if
SCAN_FAIL_ANY is high.
0 /POWER_RESET R N/A MAX705 supervisor detects VCC < 4.65V.
1 /HOST_RTS R N/A RTS reset request from host via comm line.
2 /MANUAL_RESET R N/A Push button pressed.
3 Unused R N/A Expansion room, reads as ‘1’.
6 CPU_RST_WR R N/A Write to the suicide register, read suicide reg for error code.

7 /SCAN_FAIL_ANY R N/A Scanner reset register latched, read scanner reg for error code.
2.5.16 SUICIDE RESET

The CPU Reset SFR is a byte register into which the CPU can write a failure code. In response to the write
the MAX PLD will store the failure code and assert the CPU_RESET line. The CPU_RESET line will be
released on the next rising edge of the host RTS, at which time the CPU will be able to read the bit code
from this SFR to determine the cause of the previous reset.
2.5.17 MISC OUT

The misc. output register is used to control the misc. output functions listed in the following table.
0 Unused N/A N/A Expansion room.
1 MAX DIAG_2 R/W 0 Firmware controlled diagnostic LED.
Enable direct connect of host and DMB XCVR’s, bypassing UART’s, for
2 DMB HWPT R/W 0
maximized scan data bandwidth DMB to host.

Enable override of CPU_RESET signal. Set to 1 on power-up such that
3 RESET OVERRIDE R/W 1 firmware can load the FLEX PLD at power-up regardless of the host
RTS state.


2.5.18 MISC IN
The misc. output register is used to control the misc input functions listed in the following table
0 BOOT JUMPER R N/A JP4, placed to force firmware to remain in boot code.
1 CPU_P1_2 R N/A Input from CPU port 1, pin 2 (diagnostic use only).
2.5.19 Stepper Motor Control

The stepper motors use the same interface design as used on IQ and PRODIGY. The FET exhibits a lower
voltage drop and hence provides more available power at the drives for a given source voltage -
essentially ecovering the voltage lost in dropping the DC supply from the 26V used on IQ/PRODIGY to the
24V which is readily available in commercial switchers. Diodes are placed in series on the Centent power
lines to prevent back EMF generated when the arm is moved manually from reaching the 24V planes and
damaging the cSBC. A dual FET circuit is used to minimize the voltage drop on the 24V plane due to in-
rush current when the motors are enabled. A circuit in the FLEX implements a 2 stage turn on when the
firmware lowers /motor_enable. Q15 is enabled first to provide 24V to the Centents through R381 and
R384, thus limiting the in-rush current. After the current pulse has stabilized Q14 is enabled to bypass the
inrush limiting resistors. Q15 is then disabled and the motors are at full power. An PTC is provided on the
source of Q15 such that the current limiting resistors will not be smoked if Q15 is inadvertently left
enabled.
2.5.20 OMI/OMD Input

The optical motion interrupt (OMI), or latest release - optical motion detection (OMD) - sub-system
connects to the transverse and longitudinal OMI/OMD CCA's. The OMI/OMD CCA's are located on the far
end (the gear end farthest from the motor) of each drive axis. When the axis is in motion a small toothed
wheel spins through the OMI/OMD opto's beam and pulses are sensed back on the cSBC. In this manner
the system can sense a drive circuit, motor, or belt failure which might otherwise result is a concentrated
exposure point during a patient scan. The OMI/OMD inputs are similar to those used on the DPX-IQ.
74LS14's are added for hysteresis which provides a clean direct interface to the PLD. As on PRODIGY,
logic in the FLEX PLD is used to qualify the CH A and CH B inputs into a single 'valid motion' output. Based
on the phases of the square wave inputs on CH's A&B, the FLEX is able to sense a change in direction.
The circuit provides hysteresis to reject false motion inputs resulting from scanner vibration when a
wheel edge stops in the center of the opto beam at the end of a move.

OMD Replaces OMI
As of mid-2007, the OMI (Optical Motion Interrupt) Board (LNR7366) is end of life. The OMD (Optical
Motion Detection) Board is its replacement and is available in a Service kit (LNR42824). The OMI board is
NOT compatible with PRODIGY generations 1-4.. LNR42824 OMD Service Kit will be required if an OMD
needs to be replaced (Figure 2-15).
Note: The OMI for shutter open/close detection (LNR2817) is NOT end of life.
Figure 2-15 Brackets included in OMD Service Retrofit Kit (LNR42824).

Note: 42812, 42822 and 42823 are only available in the LNR42824 kit.

2.5.21 Patient Positioners
Four optically isolated inputs are provided for patient positioning. These are used by the firmware to
implement a joystick mode which is used in conjunction with the laser to position the X-ray beam as
desired over the patient immediately prior to a scan. 74LS14 inverters are used to provide hysteresis and
isolate the FLEX PLD inputs from the slow rise times of the opto output signals.
2.5.22 Limit Switches

Four optically isolated inputs are provided for limit switches. These are used by the firmware to define the
transverse and longitudinal table limits. 74LS14 inverters are used to provide hysteresis and isolate the
FLEX PLD inputs from the slow rise times of the opto output signals.
2.5.23 X-ray Source Control / Mechanical Interlocks

The cSBC is designed such that a high on the scanner reset net disables all scanner functionality and
assures a know, fail safe, state. All scanner control outputs are driven by the FLEX PLD. The FLEX outputs
drive the low side of a PS2501 opto coupler emitter. The far side of all these opto circuits are configured
such that the opto has to be energized for the scanner function to be active. As such the FLEX has to sink
current to energize the opto and activate the desired scanner function. Internally the FLEX code defines
these outputs as tri-state buffers, each of which has their enable line tied to the scanner reset net. As
such a scanner reset will force all these FLEX scanner outputs to a high impedance state, de-energizing
the opto's and disabling the scanner.
The FLEX device is SRAM based and hence must be reprogrammed by the CPU at power up. When the
device is not programmed all I/O pins default to the high impedance state. As such the scanner will also
be in a fail safe state when the FLEX is not programmed. The CPU port 1, pin 2 also runs directly to the
FLEX's ENABLE pin.
The cSBC provide a failsafe mechanism independent of the programmable logic via the +5V_IO circuit. If
one or more of either the E-stop, external Estop, or tube thermostat is open, the FET driving the +5V_IO
net from the +5VDC plane will be disabled. The +5V_IO net provides power to the emitter anode of all
opto's which drive critical scanner functions. As such the scanner will enter a failsafe state in response to
these mechanical interlocks, even in the event of a PLD device failure. The +5V_IO FET will also be
disabled by either a HOST_RTS or CPU_RESET.
2.5.24 Shutter / Collimator Drive

The shutter and collimator solenoid drive circuits are the same as that used on PRODIGY I. The FLEX
drives an isolation opto which in turn switches a pair of FET's to control solenoid current. The first FET is
used for an initial 'hard hit' on open commands. It presents 24V directly to the solenoid for several
hundred msec's, resulting in a large initial current pulse to the solenoid. The second FET provides the
'hold' current through a pair of current limiting power resistors. The hold FET is tied directly to the
/shutter_open_ctrl bit. Note that the collimator drive is populated only for NT-A and IQ upgrades which
use the old style IQ collimator assembly. The nominal values of the power resistors is changed between
the NT and PRODIGY II BOM's to support both the traditional linear solenoid of IQ, and the rotary solenoid

of PRODIGY. A jumper or DNP'd resistor is used to drive the IQ_SHUTTER line to the FLEX such that both
mechanical and optical shutter limit switches are supported.
2.5.25 End of Exposure Alarm

An on-board end of exposure alarm is provided. The alarm chosen is the board mount equivalent of that
used on PRODIGY I.
2.5.26 Panel LED's

The 4 panel LED's, power on, X-ray on, source exposed, and laser on, are all driven PS2501-2 opto's
through 750R0 / 1W current limiting resistors.
2.5.27 HVPS Control

The HVPS analog control interface is designed to provide maximum performance at minimum cost. A
single, 16 channel multiplexed, 16 bit, high accuracy, ADC is used in conjunction with several lower cost,
lower bit resolution DAC's. Absolute accuracy of DAC's is poor but errors are calibrated out by the
firmware which monitors the actual DAC output via the ADC. In this scenario DAC integral non-linearity
(INL) specs are not important, sufficient differential non-linearity (DNL) is all that is required. Serial DAC's
and ADC's are chosen to conserve board space and simplify routing. Serial parts are typically also lower
cost as their maximum bandwidth is limited by the serial baud rate.
The HVPS AC is enabled via a relay controlled by the cSBC. The line is primarily used to disable the HVPS
by removing the AC to the HVPS via the relay. AC Power to the HVPS can be left on for up to one hour
after generation of x-rays to prevent AC cycling between concurrent scans.

A jumper and/or DNP'd resistor pad is provide to drive the IQ_HVPS line, which the firmware reads to
determine which HVPS it is intended to operate.
The PWB provides lemo style connector pads for use with the traditional 0311/ 0312 HVPS and MAX CCA.
For the 7681 HVPS the lemos are DNP'd and a single DB-25 connector is used to control the HVPS.
Tranzorb pads are provide on the PWB and are expected to be populated only if deemed necessary by
EMC testing. An opto bank is also provided to support the digital interface to the 7681. See Lunar dwg
7681-SPC for details.
2.5.28 ADC
The Burr Brown ADS8320 16 bit, serial, single channel ADC was chosen for the cSBC for its high
resolution, and excellent accuracy.
An Analog devices AD586 +5V voltage reference is used. The part was selected for it low noise and high
accuracy
Overall the ADC and reference give the cSBC +/-5mV analog accuracy 11.2 DAC's
A single LTC1454 12 bit, serial, dual channel, DAC is used to provide the kV and mA program voltages. The
part was chosen for it low cost, ready availability at national distributors, and excellent DNL

specifications. The DAC is used in the x2 configuration such that the full scale output is twice the
reference voltage. Voltage outputs feed back to the ADC MUX such that firmware can calibrate out DAC
INL errors.
A single LTC1661 10 bit, serial, dual channel, DAC is used to provide the arc threshold and filament
current limit input voltages to the new 7681 HVPS. The part was chosen for it low cost, ready availability
at national distributors, and reasonable DNL specifications. Voltage outputs are not fed back to the ADC
MUX as high accuracy is not required on these threshold inputs.
2.5.29 mA Low Range

To support future scan modes, an mA low range circuit is provided. The FLEX PLD provides a control bit
by which the firmware can switch the mA DAC reference voltage from 2.048V to 0.5V, hence decreasing
the LSB size, hence allowing the firmware to take smaller voltage steps when ramping to low uA settings.
A second control bit is provided to switch the ADC from 5.0 to 0.5V reference.
2.5.30 Detector Interface

The cSBC provides a RS-422 communications post to the Detector Mother Board. The CSBC does not
participate in any Detector data manipulation, all analysis and Detector control is performed at the DMB.
2.5.31 Communications Ports

Host RS-422 Port
The host I/O port provides optical isolation per medical leakage requirements of EN 60601-1-1, Annex
BBB, section 7. QT's 6N136 opto's are used to provide the required 115.2KB operational bandwidth and
the required 2500 Vrms standoff at a reasonable price. Opto inputs and outputs are routed through the
MAX PLD to support the hardware pass though mode to the DMB. A DB-9 female connector is provided
on the host side of the isolation barrier. RS-232 is supported by populating the XCVR U26. RS-422 is
supported by U21 and U37, the RS-422 XCVR's. A simple charge pump circuit is used to generate +5V_ISO
on the host side of the barrier. PRODIGY II will populate the RS-422 section and run at 115.2KB.
2.5.32 Debug RS-232 Port

The debug port is provided such that the firmware can echo status messages and other information to a
dumb terminal to support debugging, development, testing, and servicing. The port is fully driven by a
16550 compatible UART is fully connected to a DB-9 header using the standard PC comm port pinout.
The firmware can be configured to accept input from the debug port if required. The port is expected to
be depopulated in the final production BOM to minimize cost.

2.5.33 Diagnostic LED's
16 diagnostic LED's are provided by the cSBC. Functionality is listed below
LED Color Function Description (status indicated when lit)
D13 Green +24V +24V DC input from supply present.
D15 Green -12V -12V DC input from supply present.
D16 Red FLEX CONFIG FLEX PLD not programmed.
D20 Red CPU RESET CPU in reset mode.
D19 Red SCANNER RESET Scanner in reset (failsafe) mode.
D27 Red AGS ROLL AGS roll over or under detected.
D29 Amber FLEX DIAG 1 Diagnostic LED for misc use by firmware, control reg in FLEX.
D31 Amber FLEX DIAG 2 Diagnostic LED for misc use by firmware, control reg in FLEX.
D22 Amber MAX DIAG 2 Diagnostic LED for misc use by firmware, control reg in MAX.
D28 Amber TRANS OMI Valid transverse motion sensed by OMI/OMD circuitry.
D22 Amber LONG OMI Valid longitudinal motion sensed by OMI/OMD circuitry.
D25 Amber HE COUNT Valid high energy photon event sensed by DCA circuitry.
D23 Amber LE COUNT Valid low energy photon event sensed by DCA circuitry.
D21 Amber HVPS ENABLE 7681 HVPS enabled.

2.6 Power Distribution (PRODIGY II Systems DF+1200
and greater)
The PRODIGY II system reduces scanner cost by using a single switching DC power supply which provides
+5,+/-12, and +24VDC. The supply is connected directly to the cSBC via J14. J13 is provided as a power
out connector to run power to the DMB for PRODIGY II. 0R0 bypass resistor are provided to allow
flexibility in grounding and filtering schemes. The PWB is divided into 4 ground plane regions - DGND for
+5V digital returns, AGND for +/-12V analog returns, SCNGND for +24V returns, and ISO_GND for the host
I/O island. Large zeners and rectifiers are provided for over-voltage and reverse-voltage protection.
Standard capacitor filter banks are provided. For EMC all cable exits other than host and DMB I/O are
located over the 24V planes. The 24V plane is separated from the 5V plane via optical isolation to prevent
5V noise from reaching cables (radiated EMC) and to prevent motor noise and ESD pulses from reaching
the digital and analog IC's. The 24V plane contains primarily power FET switches and power resistors
used to control scanner motors, X-ray source, LED, etc.
The +/-12V planes contain analog electronics used for detector and HVPS control. A +12V regulator is
used to produce 12VDC for the Centent drives of off +24VDC, maintaining isolation from the +12V plane.
An additional +5V regulator is used to make 5V for the OMI's/OMD’s of off +12V motors. 4 opto channels
are used to sense the presence of the 4 DC input voltages. The opto outputs are used to drive 4 green
power on indicator LED's and to allow the CPU to detect power outs.
2.7 Tube Head and X-ray Insert

The Tube Head consists of an oil-filled metal housing which contains a fixed-anode X-ray Insert
(essentially a vacuum tube diode), lead-type shielding, collimating devices, a filament transformer,
electrical connectors, and a Cerium (K-edge) filter.
The X-ray generator provides a constant 76kV potential. mA control circuit regulates the filament current
via filament temperature to maintain the programmed current emission. The X-ray generator only
provides mA monitor and mA limiting. PRODIGY I systems (DF+11999 and lower) have MAX CCA, PRODIGY
II systems (DF+12000 and greater have mA control internal to the x-ray generator.
2.7.1 X-ray generation and Spectrum

• The X-ray Insert converts current into x-rays by accelerating the electrons across a large
potential from the cathode into a tungsten target on the anode.
• The x-rays produced by the x-ray insert are filtered by the cerium filter to produce a dual energy
spectrum. The x-ray spectrum has peaks at 62 and 38 kV.
• Insert potential is provided by a/the High Voltage Power Supply(ies).
• The tube current is set by the (c)SBC at 0.15 mA or 3.00 mA depending on the acquisition type.
• Tube Current is set by the (c)SBC and regulated by the MAX Board (PRODIGY I) or the Power
Supply (PRODIGY II systems).

2.8 X-ray Generator (High Voltage Power Supply(ies))
The PRODIGY X-ray production system combines a constant potential x-ray generator (consisting of
either one or two high voltage power supplies) and an X-ray tube. The x-rya generator provides a
continuous output of 38 kV each and up to 5 mA (PRODIGY I) or 3.5 mA (PRODIGY II) to the X-ray tube. The
x-ray insert anode is composed of a tungsten alloy. The specifications of the X-ray generation subsystem
is outlined in LU43681 enCORE Safety and Specification Manual.
• The High Voltage Power Supply(ies) provide the anode/cathode potential to the X-ray insert.
• PRODIGY I scanners use two high-voltage power supplies (±40kVDC). During normal operation,
76kVp is applied (+38kV at the anode and -38kV at the cathode).
• PRODIGY II scanners use a single high-voltage power supply (±40kVDC). During normal operation,
76kVp is applied (+38kV at the anode and -38kV at the cathode).
• The High Voltage Power Supplies are controlled by the (c)SBC.
• These power supplies are powered by the AC line voltage and have their own built in fusing.
• The AC power is routed thru the isolation transformer (PRODIGY I Only) and the supply(ies) are
enabled via a relay.
2.9 MAX Board (PRODIGY I systems DF+11999 and

lower only)
2.9.1 MAX Board Function

• The Tube Head and MAX Board work with the dedicated +28VDC power supply to supply tube
head current.
• The current is set by the SBC (see section 2.4).
• MAX board actually regulates current to the filament transformer in the Tube Head.
2.9.2 Dedicated +28VDC power supply

• The +28 VDC dedicated power supply is switched on (for fail-safe purposes) by a solid-state relay.
• When errors are detected by the SBC, (for example, loss of arm motion) the relay will switch off
and prevent production of x-rays.

2.10 XORB Board (PRODIGY I Systems DF+11999 and
lower only)
The XORB printed circuit board provides protection to various circuits (low voltage) from transients within
the HVPS and tube head.
• There may be occasional static discharges within the Tube Head. The transients caused by these
static discharges (arcs) are shunted to ground through the array of transorbs present on the
XORB board.
• There is no safety hazard to personnel, however, the electronics could be damaged were no
protection provided.

2.11 Detector Sub System
2.11.1 Detector Overview

• 16 individual CZT (cadmium zinc telluride) crystals which convert X-ray energy directly to
electrical charge
• The charge pulse generated by the individual detectors is directly proportional to the photon
energy that generated the charge pulse.
• The array of 16 CZT crystals each act as pixel detectors, from which the data is combined to form
the densitometry data set.
• The Detector electronics amplify, discriminate and counts x-rays for all 16 detector elements.
• The detector communicates with the SBC.
• The Detector has 5 PCB associated with it, the Detector Mother Board (DMB) and 4 identical
Detector Daughter Boards (DDB’s).
• The detector has its own dedicated High Voltage Power Supply, used for supplying detector bias.
Figure 2-16. Detector Block Diagram
2.11.2 Detector Operation

The Detector is held at 450 VDC bias. When a X-ray strikes the detector an electron pair is created (small
black arrows in the block diagram). This charge pair induces a small amount of current in the CZT crystal.
A charge sensitive pre-amp then converts the current to voltage and passes the signal along to the
Detector Daughter Board for processing and analysis. The signal out of the pre-amp is a +5 to +10
millivolt DC signal, each event on each channel creates a small “blip”.

2.11.3 Detector Daughter Board Overview
• Each DDB processes the data from 4 of the 16 detector elements simultaneously.
• Each detector element is handled as a separate channel.
• Each DDB is responsible for:
• Pulse Shaping
• Gain Adjust
• Energy discrimination (high or low energy)
• Event counting
• Each DDB is electronically identical
Figure 2-17. Detector Daughter Board Operation

2.11.4 Detector Daughter Board Operation
Gain Stage / Pulse Shaping
The Detector Daughter Board takes the +5 to 10 millivolt signal, strips off the DC offset and shapes the
pulse into a bi-polar pulse. This signal is further amplified to 2.4 VDC and is then fed to a bank of 4 pairs
of comparators.
The four fine gain control comparators are set up in two windows around the High Energy signal. If the
signal falls into the lower window a signal is sent to the programmable logic (PLD). The PLD then sends an
amplify signal to a DAC which in turn increases gain slightly at the pulse shaping amplifier, so that the
High Energy Signal is +2.4 VDC. If the High Energy signal falls into the upper window, the fine gain is
adjusted down slightly by the same mechanism at the pulse shaping amplifier, again so that the High
Energy Signal is + 2.4 VDC.
The fine gain adjust is applied to the entire signal on a particular channel at the pulse shaping amplifier,
therefore the Low Energy Signal’s gain is adjusted along with the High Energy Signal.
The 4 comparators of the Gain Stage are set by digital to analog converters (DAC’s) which use reference
values stored in the Flash RAM of the Detector Mother Board.
Energy Discrimination and Pulse Counting

The amplified and gain adjusted pulse is simultaneously fed to a second bank of 4 comparators which
are divided again into two sets of windows. The windows of the Discrimination stage are centered
around the High and Low Energy pulses. These comparators are also set by DAC’s which are set by the
DMB Flash RAM.
Each time a pulse falls into the High Energy window, a counter in the programmable logic (PLD) is ticked,
the same happens for the Low Energy window. These two data signals are then passed to the DMB,
which transmits the data to the SBC.
2.11.5 Detector Mother Board Overview

• Contains 4 slots for the DDB’s (see Figure 2-18)
• Contains a slot for the Test Point Board (part of the PRODIGY tool kit see Figure 2-18)
• The Detector Mother Board provides +5 V, ±12 V plus digital and analog grounds to the Detector
Daughter Boards.
• The Detector Mother Board communicates with the SBC via RS-422 link.
• The patient positioning laser is controlled by the SBC via the DMB (See Figure 2-18).
2.11.6 Detector Mother Board Operation

The Detector Mother Board (DMB) contains a processor and Flash RAM, which supplies programming
data to the detector subsystem. The data for all comparator settings is stored here (set values), detector

Bias programming data, firmware to program the PLD’s of the 4 DDB’s, the Peak value calculation
operation for the detector (see section 2.17 for a discussion of the Secondary Calibration (QA)).
If the Flash RAM is corrupt, the DMB will read from the Firmware on the SBC. The Flash RAM can be
reprogrammed from the Host / SBC.
The DMB has a processor, which is responsible for performing the Peak calculation during a Secondary
Calibration (QA), programming the 4 DDB PLD’s and handles all communications with the SBC. The DMB
processor sends the SBC status reports and echoes back all commands that are sent to it.
The DMB will reset the SBC if it detects an error.
Error Conditions of the DMB sensed by the SBC:
• PLD programming failure
• Loss of +5 or +12 VDC
• Loss of Communications with SBC
• Corrupt FIRMWARE
• FLASH RAM Failure
• DTR Reset button on the DMB is pressed

Figure 2-18. PRODIGY Detector Module

1 = Test Point Board, 2 = Detector Daughter Boards (4), 3 = Patient Positioning laser and Detector Mother
Board Interface, The Detector Mother Board is the horizontal circuit board that the DMB’s and Test Point
Board are plugged into.

2.12 FOINK (PRODIGY I Systems DF+11999 and lower
only)
2.12.1 FOINK Functions

• The FOINK Board optically isolates control circuitry (SBC) from the rest of the scanners electronics.
o Shutter solenoid
o Scanner Motor Controllers
o Display Panel indicators and controls
• Monitors 5 different interrupts, all of which are capable of resetting the SBC (shutting down x-ray
production)
o Emergency Stop Switch - open circuit - (loss of signal - failsafe)
Tube Head Thermocouple - circuit open (loss of signal - failsafe)
o
o Longitudinal Motion Interrupt - source open no movement (OMI/OMD)
o Transverse Motion Interrupt - source open no movement (OMI/OMD)
o Failure of the +28 VDC Power Supply
2.12.2 Motion Control and Detection

• Motor pulses, RUN/HOLD signals and direction are generated by the SBC.
• The RUN/HOLD signals are optically isolated on the FOINK board before being sent to the Centent
motor drivers. The Centents supply current to the stepper motor windings.
• Both the transverse and longitudinal drive systems have slotted disks attached which pass
through optical interrupters (OMI/OMD) for motion detection. Should motion stop during patient
scanning, the FOINK sends an interrupt to the SBC, which is reset and x-ray production is halted.
• Limit switches at each end of the scanner and each end of the arm signal the SBC whenever
motion reaches either end or side of the scanner. If a limit switch is tripped during a patient scan,
the motor associated with the tripped limit switch is halted, the SBC is reset and the shutter is
closed.
• There is a dedicated DC power supply for the motion control circuitry, supplying +26VDC. The
+26VDC ground is isolated from the logic ground to reduce noise

2.13 Display Panel
The Display Panel of the PRODIGY, located on the front face of the upper arm, is the main operator
interface outside the host computer.
Figure 2-19. PRODIGY display panel

Four indicators display system status.
• A green Light Emitting Diode (LED) indicates a power-on condition; it lights when the +26VDC
power supply comes on.
Power on LED is lit whenever scan table power is on.
• A yellow LED indicates if the laser is on
The laser on LED is lit when the SBC signals the DMB to turn the laser on, the LED is switched on by
the DMB.
• An amber X-ray On LED indicates that x-rays are being produced (current is flowing through the
X-ray Insert), though exposure is not necessarily taking place.
The X-ray on LED is lit when more than X current is flowing through the X-ray insert.
• The yellow Shutter Open LED comes on is the Shutter open and exposure possible.
The Shutter open LED is controlled by the SBC, the SBC will allow the shutter to open even if the
lamp is not lit (shutter open indicator is also on the PC controller screen).
Note: It is not recommended that scanner operation be continued if These LED's signal the operator of
exposure to x-rays and must be replaced as soon as possible.
Rocker switches on the panel allow operator control of the beam position.
The Rocker switches are enabled by the SBC via the FOINK.

Note: The rocker switches are also referred to as the joystick in the PRODIGY Service Manual and the
PRODIGY Service Software.
The Emergency stop button (red), is to be used only in emergency situations; it resets the (c)SBC and
halts x-ray production.
The FOINK or cSBC detects if this normally closed circuit is opened (fail-safe operation).
2.14 Audible X-RAY OFF Signal

• An audible signal notifies the operator that there is a “safe” condition when the Shutter is closed.
• The FOINK or cSBC board senses the closure of the Shutter or the cessation of current through
the X-ray Insert (+28VDC Power Supply or Model 7861 HVPS) and switches on the audible signal if
either of these occur during an exposure.
2.15 X-Ray Collimator Subsystem

• The Shutter is actuated by a rotary solenoid using +26 VDC, the voltage is reduced to a holding
voltage of 12VDC after the shutter is opened.
• This solenoid is controlled by signals generated on the SBC, and optically isolated through the
FOINK board on PRODIGY I systems.
• An optical interrupter (OMI/OMD) detects the shutter open condition and reports shutter position
information back to the (c)SBC.

• This assembly is located on top of the X-ray Tube Head.
2.16 PRODIGY Specifications

See LU43618 enCORE Safety and Specification Manual for specifications.
2.17 Secondary Calibration / Daily QA
2.17.1 Secondary Calibration overview

• Daily QA (Quality Assurance) tests the integrity of the scanner so operator knows it is operating
within specifications.
• Daily QA (Secondary Calibration) adjusts the calibration of the scanner to offset any changes due
to the tube aging, temperature varying, or when certain components are changed.

• A third type of function, QC Phantom, is another method for testing system performance. A QC
phantom is scanned using standard software and results are stored (aluminum spine in lucite).
• Daily QA ensures the system is operating properly by running 3 types of tests:
o A peak test to adjust photon counting electronics.
o A functional test that checks the indicator lights, motion system, shutter, tube output, and
detector performance.
o A test that measures a secondary calibration object with different bone chambers and
tissue plugs which correct for system aging and prevents long-term drifts.
• On many tests, the results must be calculated for all 16 detectors separately. The display for the
test will consist of the mean value.
• All tests are run all of the time. The tests are executed and test results reported as each test
completes. Test results include pass/fail and any quantitative information when appropriate.
2.17.2 Starting the Daily QA (secondary calibration)

Operator presses [F5] to start [Daily QA] which presents a plot of the last used parameter from the last
Daily QA run. (Default display is the medium bone chamber.) At this point operator can interactively
manipulate the data in QA database to create tables and graphs that can be printed.
Tech presses [Start] to start running Daily QA tests.
Software displays instructions to position calibration block on the table. Tech places block on tabletop silk
screen and click [OK] to start.
The UI locks out all other operations except Stop button.

Scan arm moves to the "Home" position. In this case, Home is always at head of scanner for QA
independent of user setting for Home.

2.17.3 Tests Performed in the Secondary Calibration
Detector Mother Board Self Test
The DACs and Flash RAM of the Detector Mother Board are tested.
Find Block
The scanner performs a scout scan to find the block. If block is not properly positioned, the
scanner will prompt the user to Reposition standard more accurately.
The software automatically finds landmarks within the secondary phantom. This reduces the
need for exact positioning on the table top.
Peak Test
During this test, the shutter opens with the x-rays on.
This test adjusts the sensitivity of the photon counting electronics. The test determines the
optimal voltage setting for the detector amplifier so the maximum number of photons are
detected. With the shutter open the software adjusts the voltage setting for the detector
amplifier, acquiring counts at the different amplifier settings.
The detector peak test then determines the optimal voltage setting for the detector amplifiers
based on the results. The actual peak setting is taken from the high energy count rates, the low
energy channel is essentially blocked by the brass spillover piece in the QA standard.
Beam Stop test
Measures the movement of the source shutter. A functional test checks the shutter LSW and
ensures the shutter stops all photons.

Motor motion and limit switches
OMI/OMD Interrupt function - the OMI/OMD signal is tested by verifying the OMI/OMD Interpol
signal is present when the scan arm is stationary.
Each motor (transverse, longitudinal) will be run between hard limits and back to home position. If
the hard limits do not engage, this is a failure. Also compare steps against predetermined scan
window size.
If a failure occurs the number of steps taken, the expected value and the direction the arm was
traveling is noted in the error log.
Spillover test
Measures the effect of high energy photons registering as low energy photons in the detector
system. The beam passes through a brass piece that stops all low energy photons. The detector
then measures the number of low energy photons detected as a measure of spillover. Spillover
should be less than 13%. Spillover with the CZT detector will degrade about 0.2% per year.
Spillover Stability test
As part of the secondary calibration, the change in spillover must be calculated on a per element
basis and smoothed over the last 3 passing QA's. Daily QA measures actual spillover and stores it
in QA database. As part of primary calibration, the spillover value used during that calibration is

stored. The delta spillover calculation using the spillover from primary calibration and the running
average of the last five spillover measurements. This information is in the scan file.
Reference Value Test
The output of the x-ray tube is measured as part of a Reference Value (old term was air)
measurement. This is measured at various currents between 3mA and 0.150mA.
Note: Not all currents that are ramped to / tested are used to perform patient scans.
Reference Value measurement
The HE/LE counts are measured as the number of photons counted by detector. This value is
used in all bone density calculations. It must be stored in the systems data file. Limits for low/high
counts -
• Reference value measurements will be performed at various currents. These reference
values are stored separately for all detector elements.
• Reference Value measurements for all current settings are actually made through lucite
sections of the secondary calibration block.
Reference value ratio test
The HE/LE ratio for each reference value is calculated for each tube current tested in reference
value measurement.
Detector Pre-AMP test
The detector Pre-amplifiers are tested by removing detector bias and verifying that the signal out
lines of the detector are not noisy.
Tissue Value Test

Tissue secondary calibration
• The system measures two tissue equivalent materials (lucite and Acetron).
• Store measured values for each chamber per element in QA database.
• The system determines the %fat for two different materials with different compositions.
• Three %fat values are displayed - lean, mid and fat
• These calculated %fat values are compared against expected values and checked
against limits for the mean, standard deviation.
BM Chamber Measurements
The system acquires point measurements on the 3 bone chambers (approx 12 seconds /
measurement) using the 3ma medium scan mode. The system determines the bone mineral
content for the three chambers of different sizes and densities.
• Measured values for each chamber are stored on a per element basis in the QA
database.
• These calculated BM values are compared against expected values and checked against
limits for the mean, standard deviation.

• A slope is calculated and this adjustment is used as a secondary BMD calibration to offset
long term drifts in system performance.
Daily QA Results
At the end of Daily QA, a report is automatically printed. If printer is not on line or fails, post an
error to screen.
If Daily QA fails, post an error message that says "Unsuccessful QA - Recommend repeating
procedure."
• If a QA fails the error log will contain detailed information on thefailure.
Test results are saved automatically to a database.
Appropriate secondary calibration and Reference Value information is recalculated from QA
database using an average of the 3 previous passing test results. This information is stored in
each scan file.
A view with plot of medium bone chamber is generated, and user the user is allowed to
manipulate data interactively.

2.17.4 QA Database
A historical record of system performance is maintained by storing key QA parameters in a database.
• 3mA Results - fat is hidden - only bone results are viewable
Figure 2-20. PRODIGY Daily QA printout with expected values




3 Chapter 3 Service Software
This chapter contains a discussion of the Service Software and the Error Log.
3.0 Diagnostic Software

3.0.1 To Access the Service Software:
3.1 The Tools Menu
3.1.1 Spectrum
3.1.2 Stability Run
3.1.3 Signal Monitor
3.1.4 Primary Calibration

3.1.5 Secondary Verification
3.1.6 Pileup
3.1.7 Set Download Parameters
3.1.8 enCORE Composer
3.1.9 Error Log

3.1.10 Copy Configuration
3.1.11 User Options
3.1.12 Service Options
3.1.13 Outbox
3.1.14 System File Editor
3.2 Tools / Diagnostics Menu
3.2.1 Pileup
3.2.2 Calibration Pileup
3.2.3 Spillover
3.2.4 Count Rate
3.2.5 Scanner Motion
3.2.6 Scanner Detector
3.2.7 Scanner X-ray
3.2.8 Lin/Rep
3.2.9 Limit Switch Adjustment

3.2.10 Scanner Disconnect
3.3 Diagnostic Scan Modes
3.3.1 Table Top Scan
3.3.2 Alignment Scan
3.3.3 Beam Wobble scan
3.3.4 Hacksaw
3.4 Error Log
3.4.1 Printing the Error Log
3.4.2 Troubleshooting Help software
3.4.3 Reading the Error Log
3.5 Service Options
3.5.1 Measure Tab
3.5.2 Analyze Tab
3.5.3 QA Tab
3.5.4 Serial Tab
Figure 3-1. The Tools/Diagnostics Menu

Figure 3-2. The Error Log Dialogue Box
Figure 3-3. Error log entry details
Figure 3-4. enCORE Troubleshooting help screen capture

Figure 3-5. Sample PRODIGY Error Log

3.0 Diagnostic Software
Note: GE-LUNAR Diagnostic software options are not available to the customer. This software is available
to GE-LUNAR authorized representatives only.
When the software is used in the diagnostic / service mode, the Engineer performing
service must verify that the scanner is taken out of service mode before returning control
of the scanner to the customer. The software will return to operators mode as soon as the
software is exited and restarted. The operator mode may also be changed under the
Tools/User Options menu.
The Service software gives the Technician access to all areas of the PRODIGY Software, DO
NOT adjust AGS subsystem settings.
• The Diagnostic Software is available through the User Options Tab

3.0.1 To Access the Service Software:

• Start the PRODIGY Software by double clicking the PRODIGY Icon on the desk top
• Double click the Tools option on the menu bar
• When the drop down menu appears double click on User Options
• Double click on the Systems Tab on the dialogue box

• Click on Service under Display Mode
• When prompted enter the password Award (versions 2.05 and greater) Smile versions lower
than 2.05)
Note: the password is case sensitive
• The Tools option on the menu bar will now contain Service Options, and Service scanning options
will also be available under the F2 Measure Option

Figure 3-1. The Tools/Diagnostics Menu


3.1 The Tools Menu
3.1.1 Spectrum
Allows the service engineer to view and print the raw energy spectrum for the detector. The detector can
also be repeaked from Spectrum.
3.1.2 Stability Run

Used for the detection of arcing and testing the detectors performance
3.1.3 Signal Monitor

View count rates for low and high-energy channels for the detector.
3.1.4 Primary Calibration

Used to calibrate the PRODIGY scanner See DXAP2002 PRODIGY Primary Calibration Procedure.
3.1.5 Secondary Verification

Used in the manufacturing process
3.1.6 Pileup
Used in the manufacturing process
3.1.7 Set Download Parameters

Download and verify the Firmware versions for the (c)SBC.
3.1.8 enCORE Composer

This is not a service tool - (Physical and Business Report Generator - see the enCORE Operator’s Manual
for information).
3.1.9 Error Log

Ability to view and print the contents of the diagnostic error log (see section 3.4)

3.1.10 Copy Configuration
Ability to copy the scanners Error log, Configuration Files and / or QA Database to a drive on the host PC -
useful when a host PC is replaced or when diagnostic information needs to be sent to GE-LUNAR.
3.1.11 User Options

Set up user configured options for the scanner.
3.1.12 Service Options

Service Mode scanner configurations (see section 3.5).
3.1.13 Outbox
Configure Printing, E-mail and Faxing options.
3.1.14 System File Editor

Edit system settings for the enCORE software - do not alter these settings without GE-LUNAR Customer
Support authorization.

3.2 Tools / Diagnostics Menu
3.2.1 Pileup
Determines Detector parameters for multiple events occurring simultaneously - not used for service.
3.2.2 Calibration Pileup

Not used for service.
3.2.3 Spillover
Perform and Acquire a Spillover Measurement (test of source spectrum and/ or detector resolution).
3.2.4 Count Rate

Acquire and print Reference Counts (count rate of detector must be performed through lucite).
3.2.5 Scanner Motion

Control manually and perform scanner motion diagnostics and motion configuration.
Motion Tests Tab

• Limit Switch Monitor - used to verify limit switch status
• Limit to Limit Test - used to verify limit switch positions
• Configure check box- this box must be checked when limit to limit is run to establish the
scanners range of motion (scan window).
• Cable Stress Test - used to cycle Transverse and Longitudinal Mechanics - can be used to
check new cables / check for binding
• Home scanner - moves mechanics to Home position
Motion Commands Tab
• Home Position - change Arm Parking position from head to foot - does not effect where the
daily QA (Secondary calibration) is performed - Move to Home - sends scan arm to home
position.
Note: When the Home position is changed from the head end of the table to the foot or vice versa,
the Limit to Limit test (see Motion Tests tab above) must be run with the Configure box selected.
• Move Steps - move the scan arm to a specific location on the table - move Absolute moves
an absolute distance from home, Move Relative - move relative to last position

• Joystick and Laser - Enable and Control Scanner Motion manually, change motor speeds,
toggle laser on and off
• Lower portion of the screen displays the status of limit switches, scan arm position, and
positioning switch (joystick) status.
Find Block Tab
Secondary Calibration - can be used to find / verify that the scanner is able to find the different
chambers on the secondary calibration (daily QA) block. THis tool can be useful for
troubleshooting “cannot find Block errors” and for Transverse binding issues.
3.2.6 Scanner Detector

Detector Tests Tab
• Gain Control - adjusts the gain on the AGS amplifier used in the detector peak setting -
peak adjusts only the AGS amplifier.
• Bias Control - adjusts the bias of the detector. PRODIGY Systems run with detector bias
on demand (when x-rays are present) of 450VDC.
• DCA window settings - view DCA window settings - these settings should not be edited.
• Detector status - allows the service engineer to view the detector status real time -
information displayed includes Peak setting Bias setting, and DCA window settings.
Detector AGS Tab
• AGS DAC control (verify AGS DAC settings), check on detector rollover, and check on
channel count rates.
DO NOT adjust the detector Bias, DCA windows or AGS DAC settings - changes in the
Detector bias, DCA windows or AGS DAC’s can change the scanner’s results.
• AGS Mode - the operate / calibrate signal (disables the AGS systems so that the detector
can be peaked correctly) can be toggled.
3.2.7 Scanner X-ray

X-ray Tests Tab
• Manual Test - Control Manually the Shutter, X-ray on Indicator and patient Positioning
laser
• Automatic test - automatically toggle the Shutter, Laser and X-Ray Relay
• X-Ray Source - Turn on source (ramp and make x-rays), warm up a tube head at install or
replacement.
• X-ray cycle test - cyclically ramp the source - (can be used to test ramping failures or for
arcing)

X-rays Tab
Ramp the kV and / or the mA of the x-ray generation system and view feedback real-time. Faults
are displayed and polled real-time in the window on the right.
Ports Tab - view status of and send commands to (c)SBC ports.
Download Tab - identical to Set Download Parameters (section 3.1.7)
Misc. Tab- not used for service.
3.2.8 Lin/Rep
Not Used for Service
3.2.9 Limit Switch Adjustment

Verify and Adjust Limit switch positions.
Note: When using Limit Switch Adjustment, DO NOT alter the default settings.
3.2.10 Scanner Disconnect

Disconnect the scanner from the PRODIGY software (reset the (c)SBC).

3.3 Diagnostic Scan Modes -
Performed under F2 Measure - only visible when the scanner is in service mode.
3.3.1 Table Top Scan -

Not used in Service
3.3.2 Alignment Scan

Verify that the Source and Detector maintain a constant count rate in all areas of the scan table. Also
useful for testing cables.
3.3.3 Beam Wobble scan

Quantifies beam movement relative to the detector when the scanners mechanics are moving (see
DXAP2010 enCORE Table Pad Alignment Procedure).
3.3.4 Hacksaw
Calculates and sets correction factors to align bone edges in scans (see DXAP2007 PRODIGY Hacksaw
Test).

3.4 Error Log
The PRODIGY will maintain an error log file whenever the scan table is in operation. All errors, fatal or
nonfatal will be logged here. The Error log gives a brief description of the error and if possible the origin
of the fault.
The error log is one of the best troubleshooting tools for scanner malfunction.
Note: To aid in a quick and accurate response when requesting assistance from GE-LUNAR, please have an
error log available for review by GE-LUNAR Customer Support.
The error log file is named errorlog.bin, this file is the current error log session. Older sessions are named
errorlog.1, errorlog.2 and so on up to errorlog.4.
When requesting help from GE-LUNAR, E-mailing the current error log file and a description of the
symptoms will aid in a rapid diagnosis (see Copy Configuration in section 3.1.10 for information on
copying the error log to an E-mailable file).

3.4.1 Printing the Error Log.
Note: The scanner does not have to be in Service mode to view or print the Error Log.
The Error Log is located under the Tools dropdown menu. Left click on Tools / and then on Error Log.
Figure 3-2. The Error Log Dialogue Box

Session - The PRODIGY software will maintain up to 10 “sessions” - each session is up to 100 errors.
• A new session is created by shutting down and restarting the enCORE software. A new session
may also be started by clicking on the button
• To view a session, left click on it, all errors (if present) will be shown in the box below.
• The Errors list may be printed (click on print errors) or it may be searched with the Find Error
button.
• The details of the failure are shown when the error is highlighted and then right clicked on.

Figure 3-3. Error log entry details

3.4.2 Troubleshooting Help software
This feature is found in software versions 2.26 and greater. When an error is highlighted and the
Troubleshoot button is clicked on, it opens an online enCORE troubleshooting guide to assist the service
engineer in troubleshooting the system by error code.
Figure 3-4. enCORE Troubleshooting help screen capture.

How to use the Troubleshooting Help software:
This Help software is based on Fault Tree Analysis or FTA. The fault trees are in an outline form. Each
heading in the outline represents an “or” choice. For example, the basic fault below “Shutter will not
close” has three possible causes: “Shutter stuck”, “Solenoid Return Spring not working”, or “Solenoid
powered when it should not be”. Each of these in turn lists their possible causes.

Sample Fault Tree (from PRODIGY Collimator):
Shutter will not close
1. Shutter stuck – move by hand to test
(1) Slotted Wheel scraping OMI/OMD board
(2) Shutter scraping Shutter Plate
2. Solenoid Return Spring not working – move by hand to test
(1) Spring broken
(2) Spring no longer anchored
3. Solenoid powered when it should not be
(1) FOINK (PRODIGY I) problem – Test by disconnecting J1. If the shutter closes, swap the SBC.
If the shutter stays open, swap the FOINK.
(2) (c)SBC problem – Test as above.
Note: This type of analysis is meant to identify all possible causes, giving the user a complete list to work
from when ruling out possibilities.

3.4.3 Reading the Error Log
Figure 3-5. Sample PRODIGY Error Log

4 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting
This chapter contains troubleshooting techniques for diagnostic failures,

failing quality assurance tests, mechanical failures and imaging problems.
4.0 Diagnostic Failure Codes

4.1 Transverse Motion failure
4.1.1 Operator Induced - switch closed during scan
4.1.2 Mechanical Failures - Unusual noise or irregular motion
4.1.3 Loss of OMI/OMD signal
4.2 Longitudinal Motion failure

4.2.1 Limit Switch Tripped During a Scan
4.2.2 Longitudinal Binding
4.2.3 Loss of OMI/OMD Signal
4.3 Failure of the 28V power supply

4.5 Tube Head Thermostat
4.6 Communication Error
4.7 Other Diagnostic Failure Codes
4.7.1 Reasons For Invalid Diagnostic Failures
4.8 Failing Quality Assurance Test
4.8.1 Block Position
4.8.2 Beam Stop Action
4.8.3 Mean% Spillover
4.8.4 Reference Counts and Ratio
4.8.5 Ratio Fluctuations
4.8.6 Transverse or Longitudinal Mechanics
4.8.7 Tissue Value
4.8.8 Bone Mineral of the Standard Chambers
4.8.9 Symptoms of High and Low KV

4.9 Reference Counts
4.10 Arcing
4.10.1 Limit Switch Tripped During Scan
4.11 Imaging Problems
4.11.1 White, or Grey in the first or second scan line:
4.11.2 Femur Scan Problems
4.11.3 AP-Spine Image Problems: Probable causes
4.11.4 Broken Signal Cable
4.11.5 Loss of tube head current
4.11.6 X-Ray Relay Failure
4.11.7 Unstable AC Line
4.11.8 Arcing
4.12 Failing Alignment Test Results
4.12.1 Image
4.13 Indicator Failures

4.13.1 X-ray On LED Blinking
4.13.2 Shutter Open LED Blinking
4.13.3 Shutter Not Operating
4.13.4 End of Exposure Alarm During Scan
4.14 Communications Failures

4.15 Viewing Quality Assurance Trends
4.15.1 What to Look for in the QA History
4.16 MAX Board Troubleshooting
4.17 FOINK Board Troubleshooting
4.18 OMI/OMD Board Troubleshooting
4.19 SBC Troubleshooting
4.20 XORB Troubleshooting
4.21 Detector Motherboard Troubleshooting
4.22 Detector Daughter Board Troubleshooting

4.0 Diagnostic Failure Codes
The following conditions halt the operations of the scanner, and generate a diagnostic failure message
which is displayed on the monitor screen:
All of these interrupts are detected by the cSBC:
• Transverse Mechanics Failure (4.1)
• Longitudinal Mechanics Failure (4.2)
• Emergency Stop Button activated (4.3)
• X-ray source over temperature (4.4)
• DC power supply failure (4.5)
4.1 Transverse Motion failure

Motion Detection
• cSBC / OMI/OMD fail to see transverse motion during a patient scan, an interrupt signal is
generated and the cSBC resets and closes the shutter.
o A slotted disk at the end of the arm rotates through an infrared beam (OMI/OMD), and
pulses are sent to the cSBC board when there is transverse motion.
• The transverse and longitudinal motion detection system (on cSBC) is operational during patient
scans and the “find block” test of the daily QA. If the problem occurs during a quality
assurance, it may be high voltage arcing or a problem with the OMI/OMD.
4.1.1 Operator Induced - switch closed during scan

Cause: When scanning, a defect in the transverse mechanics or a mispositioned patient may cause one
of the transverse limit switches to close when the scanner is acquiring data. Closure of a limit switch
prevents further operation of the motor. The shutter will close, the shutter open lamp will go out and the
end of exposure alarm will sound. Seconds later the error message will appear on the screen.
Solution: If the patient is not centered on the table top or if the region being scanned is too close to a
limit in transverse travel, the limit switch may be close while scanning. Re position the patient on the
table, further away from the limit.

4.1.2 Mechanical Failures - Unusual noise or irregular motion
If the Detector / Tube Head motion is irregular, or scraping noises are heard, the Transverse Mechanics
may be binding. This symptom will typically be detected as a failure by the daily QA Mechanics Test.
Symptom: If the Detector Array / Tube Head is not moving when scanning check:
• Mechanics are free to move
• Centent
• Stepper Motor
Troubleshooting Binding
Turn off the power to the scanner and move the affected parts by hand. Feel the motion for spots where
the carriages are more difficult to move. Listen for unusual noises.
The following are common causes for Transverse Binding:
High Voltage Cable Routing
One of the most common problems is a failure of the Source and Detector to reach the rear Limit
Switch due to the Tube Head running into its own high voltage cables. These cables must have a
hump formed at the Rear Longitudinal Carriage that allows the lower portion of the Tube Head to
pass under the cables.
The High Voltage Cables can also impede transverse motion toward the front Limit Switch. This is
caused when the cables have been tied down without enough play for the Tube Head and
Detector to move all the way forward. These problems should be investigated by manually
tripping both Limit Switches while inspecting for cable conflicts, binding, or tension problems.
Check to see that the bottom of the Tube Head is not hitting the Transverse Centent
Wiring
In rare instances, the wires from the Shutter Solenoid and/or Fans can snag on the bolts that
protrude through the frame on the foot end of the scanner.
This is solved by properly tying down these wires.
Transverse Belt
The Transverse Belt should not be excessively tightened or this will cause excessive binding in the
transverse mechanism. It should be possible to deflect the belt by 4 cm when it is properly
tightened. Sometimes the spare belt material near the clamp on the Tube Head Carriage comes
into contact with the forward gear and prevents the scanner from going all the way to Home
position.
Drive Wheels
The wheels that support the Tube Head and Detector Carriages must be adjusted so that they
come into perfect contact with the Transverse Rails. These wheel are best inspected with the
table top, front panel and arm covers off so one can sight down the extrusions. However, it is
possible to test the wheels by preventing any wheel from turning and seeing if the carriage will
still move. By preventing any wheel from turning, you should be able to tell that it slides along the

extrusion while the others roll. This indicates that the wheel has not been excessively tightened
down. This is least likely to be the source of transverse motion problems, as it is unlikely that the
adjustment of the wheels would have become any tighter over time. They would be more likely to
loosen over time and fail alignment tests (see Alignment Test, section 4.12). Adjustments can be
made by loosening and rotating the eccentric bearings of any of the lower wheels.
Gear And Pulley Positioning
Check all appropriate gears and pulleys. Verify that the set screws are tightened and the gears
and pulleys are not out of position.
Limit Switch Positioning
If the transverse motion seems to be acceptable, but the number of steps in the Quality
Assurance Test is failing, check the position of the Limit Switches.
On Total Body scans, a limit switch out of position could allow the Source/ Detector Carriages to
hit the frame or panels before the Limit Switch is actuated.
Transverse Motor
Check the Transverse Motor for a broken wire in one of the internal coils, or a bad electrical
connection to its Centent Motor Controller.
Transverse Centent
The Centent Motor Controller, if defective, will cause transverse motion problems. Sometimes the
controller works well enough to acquire some scans, but it will not provide enough torque to
complete every fast scan. The CURRENT SET voltage at terminal 11 on a properly operating
controller should be 14 to 16 VDC (transverse motor wired in parallel).
The longitudinal and transverse Centents are identical, and can be exchanged. If the problem
remains, the Transverse Motor should be replaced.
4.1.3 Loss of OMI/OMD signal

If the error occurs consistently on the first line of a patient scan or during the find block portion of the
daily QA, and the scanner is moving in the transverse direction, then check the following:
Cause: The Interrupt signal is being lost.
Solution: The pulses that normally enter the cSBC board at J14 (the black wire at the center of the
connector) may have stopped. These pulses are necessary to keep the cSBC from resetting. These pulses
can be seen on a cSBC board LED. Use the PRODIGY service software (Tools/Diagnostics/Scanner Motion
/ Motion Commands Tab) to set the joystick speed to 50 steps, enable the joystick and watch the LED. If
the OMI/OMD is working the light will flash when the Transverse Motor is run. If the LED flashes when the
mechanics are engaged, but the error still occurs, the interrupt was invalid. Check for arcing in the high
voltage system or replace the cSBC.
If the LED D9 (B in Figure 4-7) does not flash,
• Verify that the slotted disk at the front of the lower arm rail is in the middle of the slot between
the photo diode and photo transistor.

• The slotted disk must be completely flat and remain in the center of the sensor slot during its
entire rotation.
• If the slotted disk has been in physical contact with the optical sensor, the sensor may have
debris on it, disassemble this mechanism, and clean the sensor and the slots of the disk.
• Check the Cable running from the cSBC to the OMI/OMD for a cable break by checking the
individual wires for continuity.

4.2 Longitudinal Motion failure
• cSBC/ OMI/OMD fail to see longitudinal motion during a patient scan, an interrupt signal is
generated by the cSBC which resets and closes the shutter.
o A slotted disk at the foot end of the table on the pulley for the Longitudinal Drive Belt
rotates through an infrared beam (OMI/OMD), and pulses are sent to the cboard when
there is transverse motion.
• The transverse and longitudinal motion detection system (on FOINK) is operational during patient
scans and the find block portion of the daily QA. If the problem occurs during a quality assurance,
for instance, it may be the high voltage system is arcing or the OMI/OMD may be malfunctioning.
4.2.1 Limit Switch Tripped During a Scan

Cause: When scanning, a defect in the longitudinal mechanics (binding) or a mis-positioned patient may
cause one of the longitudinal limit switches to close when the scanner is acquiring data. Closure of a limit
switch prevents further operation of the motor. The shutter will close, the shutter open lamp will go out
and the end of exposure alarm will sound.

Seconds later the error message will appear on the screen.
Solution: If the patient is not centered on the table top (length wise) or if the region being scanned is too
close to a limit in longitudinal travel, the limit switch may be close while scanning. Re position the patient
on the table, further away from the limit.
4.2.2 Longitudinal Binding

If the scan arm fails to move when scanning check the stepper motor, and Centent, if arm motion is
irregular, check for binding. Turn off the power to the scanner and move the affected parts by hand. Feel
the motion for spots where the arm is more difficult to move. Listen for unusual noises.
When moving the arm longitudinally, only push on the arm column. Pushing on the
forward parts of the arm can ruin Tube Head/Detector alignment.
Cable Track
The major impediment to longitudinal motion is the plastic Cable Track that runs through the
trough at the rear of the scanner. This track is attached at two points: at the Rear Longitudinal
Carriage and to the scanner frame (low, rear and center) each spot by 4 bolts. Also, adequate
slack must be left in the cables inside the able Track or they will stop the arm from moving fully
to the foot end.
Should the Cable Track detach from the scanner frame, it will slide freely in the trough and will
eventually cause trouble. This can allow the Cable Track to get in between the Rear Longitudinal
Carriage and the scanner frame on the foot end preventing the tripping of the limit switch.

Front Longitudinal Carriage Dragging
Check the distance between the front longitudinal carriage and the longitudinal rail with a
go/nogo gauge (See installation Procedure DXAP2000). The carriage should not rub the front rail,
if necessary insert shims behind the front longitudinal carriage.
Tube Head Cable Routing
Problems at the head end of the scanner can be caused by a limit switch being out of position
(thus the arm runs into the frame before the Limit Switch) or because the High Voltage Cables are
tied down incorrectly where they snake around from the Rear Longitudinal Carriage to the panel
under the Tube Head (High Voltage Cable Trough). If the cables are tied down too far toward the
head end (at the point where the three tie downs are), they can run into the Longitudinal Motor
Assembly and hold the arm away from the head end Limit Switch.
Slip Clutch
A slip clutch is part of the longitudinal motion system to limit torque. This is a feature to protect the
patient should he/she pinch an arm or leg between the back side of the scanner and the Arm
Column. If the Slip Clutch is set too loose, it will fail to move the belt and will just "slip" as the motor
turns. This may produce the following symptoms:
• failure of Quality Assurance scan Mechanics test
• compressed image in limited areas of the image

• a Longitudinal Mechanics diagnostic failure
Gear and Pulley Positioning
Check all appropriate gears and pulleys. Verify that the set screws are tightened and the gears
and pulleys are not out of position.

Limit Switch Positioning
If the longitudinal motion seems to be acceptable, but the number of steps in the Quality
Assurance Test is failing, check the position of the Limit Switches.
On Total Body scans, a limit switch out of position could allow the Source/ Detector Carriages to
hit the frame or panels of the scanner before the Limit Switch.
If the mechanical stop is reached before the Limit Switch is actuated, check carefully to see
which part of the Arm Assembly is in contact with the Table Assembly. The front part of the Lower
Transverse Extrusion is clamped to the Longitudinal Drive Cable at the front of the scanner. If the
Lower Transverse Extrusion is not clamped in such a way that it forms a 90 degree angle with the
length of the table, the rollers at the front end of the Lower Transverse Extrusion may strike the
end of the scan table before the Limit Switch is actuated.
Longitudinal Motor
Check the motor for a broken wire in one of the internal coils, or a bad electrical connection to
the Centent Motor Controller.

Longitudinal Centent
The longitudinal Centent Motor Controller may be the cause of a failure. The current set voltage
should be roughly 9-11 volts at terminal 11 on a properly operating controller. If this voltage is
not correct, replace the Centent Controller.
The longitudinal and transverse Centents are identical, and can be exchanged. If the problem
remains, the Longitudinal Motor should be replaced.
Longitudinal Belt
The Longitudinal Belt should not be tightened too much or this will cause the brackets holding
the gears to deform at either end of the scanner. When the belt is properly tightened, it should be
possible to deflect the upper and lower sides of the belt so that they touch within 8 cm of the
gears at either end.
Drive Wheels
The rollers in front and the wheels in back that support the Arm must be adjusted so that they
come into perfect contact with the Longitudinal Rails.
Test them by preventing any wheel from turning and see if the carriage will still move. By
preventing any wheel from turning, it should be possible to slide the carriage along the rail with
one wheel dragging while the others roll. This indicates that the wheel has not been excessively
tightened down.
Adjustments can be made by loosening and rotating the eccentric bearings of any of the lower
wheels.
4.2.3 Loss of OMI/OMD Signal

If the Scan Arm motion is irregular, or scraping noises are heard, the Longitudinal Mechanics may be
binding. This symptom will typically be detected as a failure by the daily QA Mechanics Test.
If the error occurs consistently after the first line of a patient scan, and the scanner is moving in the
longitudinal direction, then check the following:
Cause: The Interrupt signal is being lost.
Solution: The pulses that normally enter the FOINK board at J (the black wire at the center of the
connector) may have stopped. These pulses are necessary to keep the FOINK board from sending an
interrupt to the SBC. These pulses can be seen on a FOINK board LED.
For LED location see Figure 4-7. Use the PRODIGY service software (Tools/Diagnostics/Scanner Motion /
Motion Commands Tab) to set the joystick speed to 50 steps, enable the joystick and watch the LED. If the
OMI/OMD / FOINK is working the light will flash when the Longitudinal Motor is run. If the LED flashes
when the mechanics are engaged, but the error still occurs, the interrupt was invalid. Check for arcing in
the high voltage system or replace the FOINK and SBC.
If the LED does not flash,
• Verify that the slotted disk at the foot end of the scan table is in the middle of the slot between
the photo diode and photo transistor.

• The slotted disk must be completely flat and remain in the center of the sensor slot during its
entire rotation.
• If the slotted disk has been in physical contact with the optical sensor, the sensor may have
debris on it, disassemble this mechanism, and clean the sensor and the slots of the disk.
• Check the Cable running from the FOINK to the OMI/OMD for a cable break by checking the
individual wires for continuity.

4.3 Failure of the 28V power supply
The 28 VDC power supply is only enabled when the X-ray tube is ramped, use the service software
(Tools/Diagnostics/ Scanner X-ray) to attempt to ramp the Tube Head. When the Supply is ramping the Red
and Green LED’s on the MAX board will light.
If the LED’s illuminate and the go out:
• Measure the output of the 28VDC power supply, and verify that it remains constant during the voltage
ramping and scanning operations.
• Check the High voltage power supplies, insure they are not arcing and are ramping.
If the LED’s fail to light:
• This supply is turned on by the X-ray Relay, so verify that the Relay is closing. If not, then either the
Relay is bad or it is not receiving the signal from the SBC via the FOINK.
• Check the continuity of the cathode, the filament may have broken, MAX board TP 4, TP 5 and TP 13
should be continuous with the Tube Head control cable connected.
• The Tube Head Thermostat is wired in series with the Relay, so if it has opened, the Relay will not be
able to close.
• The 28VDC should also be measured at the Terminal Block. If not, check the continuity of the wiring
and refasten all connections. Also, check the wire tie-downs for excess tension they may be putting
on the wires.
• It may be necessary to check the wiring from the Terminal Block to the MAX board and to the High
Voltage Power Supplies.

The Emergency Stop button is a normally closed circuit, if it opens the Emergency Stop interrupt will be sent
from the FOINK to the SBC.
• Verify that the emergency stop button is out. If it has been pressed in, press it again to release it.
• If 26VDC can be measured on both pins of FOINK connector J17, the Emergency Stop Switch and the
wires connecting it to the FOINK board are good and the FOINK board should be replaced.
• If 26 VDC is missing, the Circuit is open between the FOINK and the Switch.
• Insure the switch is functional
• Check the continuity of the wires from the switch to the FOINK board.

4.5 Tube Head Thermostat
There is a thermostat inside the Tube Head. This thermostat is normally closed, but opens when the Tube
Head temperature is too high.
The thermostat will close again automatically after a cool down period of usually less than 30 minutes. If
0 VDC is measured on both pins of FOINK connector J15, the Thermostat and the wires connecting it to
the FOINK board are good and the FOINK board should be replaced.
4.6 Communication Error

The computer is not communicating with the SBC board.
Verify communications with the SBC in the service software (Tools/Service Options Comm tab - Test
Communications).
If this is unsuccessful, verify that the I/O cable from the computer to the SBC Board is secure. Also, verify
that the comm port is configured correctly (see DXPC2004) and that all required drivers are present. If all
fails, the SBC or computer serial port is defective.
4.7 Other Diagnostic Failure Codes

Multiple error codes are possible. These will be displayed one after the other, but the first one displayed is
probably the problem. The Error Log will always show the failures in the correct order, the others are
generated as a result of the first failure.
4.7.1 Reasons For Invalid Diagnostic Failures

Arcing of the x-ray high voltage system releases a large amount of electromagnetic energy. This energy
creates noise in the electronic circuits and may cause the SBC to do unpredictable things, such as give
invalid diagnostic errors. Arcing is usually accompanied by white, blue or black lines across patient scans
(See Arcing, section 4.10).
4.8 Failing Quality Assurance Test

See chapter 2 section 17, for explanations of the various tests that are performed during the running of
the Daily Quality Assurance.
If any of the QA test results fail, none of the results are considered valid. The results will be stored in the
Quality Assurance History file, but these values will not be averaged with the other results for calibration
purposes. In addition, the software will prevent patient scans until a passing daily QA has been
completed. Recent valid QA's are necessary for accurate results.

4.8.1 Block Position
After starting a QA, the operator is prompted to place the QA standard on the table, if the PRODIGY fails
to detect the Block in the correct orientation the QA will not progress:
Check Block position and orientation
The scanner may not be finding the correct "Home" position. The correct "Home" position aligns the
center of the x-ray beam with the center of the Brass Piece when the Standard is correctly positioned.
The Air Counts must be obtained outside of the QA standard, next to the Brass Piece. If the Reference
Counts are obtained with the x-ray beam passing through the Brass Piece, the Quality Assurance Scan
will fail.
Check Limit Switches
Verify that the scanner limit switches are set correctly with the PRODIGY home position jig (see DXAP2000
PRODIGY Installation Procedure).
4.8.2 Beam Stop Action

The Beam Stop Action test verifies the ability of the lead shutter to attenuate x-rays from the tube head
by verifying that the Background counts when the shutter is closed are lower than counts taken through
the brass piece with the shutter open.
4.8.3 Mean% Spillover

An increase in the Spillover percentage over time is an indication that the detector is losing resolution,
even if the Spillover test does not fail. A large change in the Spillover can be explained in some cases by
standard positioning (or a small change in the home position of the scanner). If the beam is not fully
eclipsed by the brass piece during the Spillover test, the Spillover value increases dramatically.
Spillover stability is a test of detector bias drift. if the detector bias is drifting, the mean spillover value will
also drift.
4.8.4 Reference Counts and Ratio

During this test the baseline is established which will later be used for comparing with the values
obtained during the scan of the standard. Care should be taken that the x-ray beam is not missing the
standard, nor being obstructed by the brass piece on the standard during the High and Low Air Count
test.
The Ratio value should remain fairly constant over time.
4.8.5 Ratio Fluctuations

The ratio of High to Low Channel Air Counts is the way the bone density measurement is calculated by
the changes in the ratio of High to Low Channel counts. The Ratio should remain constant as long as the
x-ray beam quality and the resolution of the detector remain constant.

It is possible to view the Ratio trends in the Quality Assurance History. Check both the 3mA Ratio and the
150 Ratio to determine if the either Ratio has changed significantly.
The problems which could cause a change in air ratio are:
• deterioration of the resolution of the detector
• current leakage through the transorbs on the XORB board
• a faulty High Voltage Power Supply (kV unstable over time)
• changes to the x-ray tube insert
These are very difficult to diagnose by a method other than substitution of new components until the
Reference Counts Ratio returns to normal.
Detector deterioration or unstable High Voltage Power Supply, will usually cause the Alignment Test Scan
to fail.
The specification for XORB Board transorbs is that they must allow less than 0.5 micro amperes reverse
bias current. At LUNAR, each transorb is measured by applying a 5 Volt reverse bias to the transorb and
a 100 kW 1% resistor connected in series. The voltage measured across the 100 kW resistor must then
be less than 50 mV.
4.8.6 Transverse or Longitudinal Mechanics

Failure of this test is caused by one or more of the following:
• Incorrect Limit Switch positioning
• Defective Limit Switch

• A mechanical constraint
• A defective Motor
• A defective Centent Motor Controller
The values recorded for these tests should remain fairly constant over time. Variations between QA's of
under 25 steps should not be a cause for concern as 1 transverse step = 0.05 mm and 1 longitudinal step
= 0.1 mm, so the actual variation is only a few millimeters.
If the number of steps continually increases from QA to QA, this could indicate an impediment to the
scanner's motion and should be rectified (see 4.1 (Transverse) or 4.2 (Longitudinal)).
4.8.7 Tissue Value

The tissue value should not be the sole failing parameter. The failure of this test is usually accompanied
by problems with Bone Mineral values (see below) or Reference Counts Ratio trends (see above). If this is
failing alone it is probably a problem with the counting system or high or low kV (4.8.9).

4.8.8 Bone Mineral of the Standard Chambers
The software contains values which it expects the scanner to measure for the scan of each chamber. If
the mean of the BM measurements made for the chamber does not fall within the predefined software
limits the QA will fail. If the percent coefficient of variance is over 3%, the QA will fail.
These failures will always occur if the Reference Counts or Reference Ratio test have deviated severely
from normal results. However if the Reference Count results look normal, and the values are
approximately equal to the numbers obtained during the scanner installation, then the counts may be
unstable.
Another cause of failing on the bone chamber measurements can be arcing during the QA. This can be
detected by examining the QA History graphically and looking for variation of the Large BM values. Note
the few data points that vary. These are the early signs of arcing.
This will also be apparent (but not obvious) on the QA Results printout. The arc occurred in the third
standard scan and elevated the BM values. If a customer reports a failing QA because of a bone
chamber measurement being too high, be aware that this could be an early warning of arcing. Obtain
from the site the QA history file and error log for analysis. Look for variation of the Large BM values.
It is very important to notice these early warning signs of arcing so that the system can be re-greased
before any damage is done to the high voltage cable connectors or the tube head.
4.8.9 Symptoms of High and Low KV

It has been noted in a small number of cases that defective high voltage power supplies, or an arcing
tube head may produce a voltage other than 76 kV. The PRODIGY monitors kV once per scan sweep.
Note: It would be prudent in both of these cases to take a positive and negative power supply, AND a tube
head. Also, the XORB test points may look normal (indicating 76 KV) in each case as well. This usually
occurs where the power supplies are defective and so the monitor voltages returned to the XORB may not
show the true voltage. When the tube head arcs causing the voltage to go too high, then the XORB test
points may indeed show the actual voltages.

4.9 Reference Counts
4.9.1 Unstable Counts

To examine the scanner's ability to count detector pulses consistently over longer periods of time, run the
Alignment Test option from the service software program.
• If the "End of Exposure Alarm" rings during the time the Alignment Test scan is running, see
"Alarm Pings During Scan" in section 4.13.4. If the Shutter Open or the X-ray On lamps on the
front panel blink, during the test, see section 4.13 also.
• While the Alignment Test scan is running, measure the voltage at test points 1, 2, 5 and 6 of the
XORB board. They should have approximately the following values respectively: -0.150VDC,
3.8VDC, 0.150VDC, and 3.8VDC.
• A pure DC voltage on an oscilloscope at test point 1 and 5 of the XORB will verify that there is
constant current through the filament of the X-ray Insert.
• If there is AC ripple in excess of 0.2 Vpp, the power supplies should be replaced.
• Start and stop the x-rays several times while observing the voltage at TP3 and TP7 of the XORB
board. This is the programming voltage from the SBC, and although this voltage is dependent on
the feedback information returned to the SBC, the voltages at the XORB board test points should
be approximately the same each time the x-rays are produced. The AC ripple on this signal must
be less than 0.2 Vpp.
Replace the SBC board if the proper control signal is not present.
• When the x-rays are off between scans, verify that the shutter aperture lines up with the aperture
to the Tube Head beneath. Take some alignment pictures and verify that the image is a bright,
rectangular image and the entire alignment box is visible. If the alignment box is not visible, the
shutter Tube Head and detector apertures are not aligned.
• Open and close the shutter to make sure that it returns to the same position each time. Turn the
x-rays back on, and make sure that you obtain nearly the same count rate each time the shutter
is opened.
4.9.2 No Counts
When the table to the right of the peak graph on the Quality Assurance Results printout is entirely filled
with zeros, use the Signal monitor program in the Diagnostics (see section 5.1) to create x-rays at 76 kV
and 150 uA and open the Shutter for sampling. Then check the following items:
I. Is the amber X-ray On LED illuminated?
A. If it is, skip to part II.
B. If not, the voltage or current ramping has probably failed. Are both the red and green LED's on
the MAX Board illuminated?

1.Voltage or Current Ramping Failures
If not, is the red LED illuminated?
a. X-ray Relay or FOINK
If not, measure the output of the 28 Volt Power Supply. Check the operation of the
X-ray Relay or the FOINK Board which controls its operation. If all of the above are
working, the red LED may be defective.
b. MAX Board Fuse
If so, the fuse is blown on the MAX Board (see section 4.16).
2.If the red and green MAX Board LED's are illuminated, verify the following test point voltages:
a. Current Ramping Failure - XORB TP1 is approximately 0.150 VDC. If incorrect, go to step d. If
this test point is correct, verify that XORB TP5 is also approximately 0.150 VDC. If this voltage is
incorrect, substitute a new Positive High Voltage Power Supply.
b. Voltage Ramping Failure - XORB TP2 and XORB TP6 are approximately 3.8 VDC. If these
voltages are incorrect, verify that the voltages on XORB TP3 and XORB TP7 are approximately 3.8
VDC. If TP3 and TP7 are not equal the XORB jumper at J26 is set in the wrong position. If they are
equal but incorrect, test the cable from the SBC to XORB, or substitute a new SBC Board.
c. X-ray On LED - Test the X-Ray On LED by inserting it into the Power On receptacle. Replace if
defective.
d. High Voltage System
• Current ramping has failed. If TP1 and TP5 are zero and do not change, check the polarity
of the High Voltage Cables. The X-ray Insert is essentially a diode, and will not conduct
current from the anode to the cathode.
• If either of the test points is at 1.0 VDC, the High Voltage Power Supply is delivering as
much current as it possibly can, and has automatically limited the voltage.
• Check TP2 and TP6. If the voltage is approximately 3.8 VDC, the voltage has been set
properly.
• Feel the heat sinks on the back of the High Voltage Power Supplies. If one of the power
supplies is cold, this is usually the defective one. If one is warm and the other is hot,
replace the hot one. The best troubleshooting technique may be to substitute power
supplies.
• If either TP2 or TP6 are incorrect, the possibility exists that one of the High Voltage Cables
or the Tube Head is shorted. The short may be possible to find with an ohm meter, but
often it takes several kV to break down the defective component. It will be difficult to
troubleshoot this problem by any method other than part substitution.
Do not attempt to ramp the power supply above 50 kv without a cable connected, or arcing
will occur near the connector.

• Ramping between 40 and 50 kV is a good way to determine whether the power supplies
are able to increase voltage from 0 to 50 kV.
4.9.3 Decreasing Reference Counts

A long term, continuous decrease in the Reference Counts unaccompanied by a change in Reference
Ratio is a serious problem. A count rate of at least 500,000 Low Channel Reference Counts is necessary
to maintain precision of results when scanning thick patients. Reference Count values should change by
less than 10% from the day of installation. The possible causes are:
I. Lead Filings - Shutter Wear
A rough edge around the shutter aperture may be wearing away on the tube head below. The lead filings
fall off the shutter aperture and gather on the filter below, causing a reduction in x-rays over time. Any
wear should be easily visible on the underside of the shutter paddle. If there is visible wear, the lead dust
must be removed from the top of the filter. The Collimator assembly must be removed, the filter cleaned,
and then the Collimator assembly reinstalled and realigned.
II.A Change in Current Control Settings
Use the Signal monitor option of the service software program to produce xrays (Tools/Diagnostics?
Scanner X-Ray). Select 76 kV and 750 μA operation.

• Verify that the SBC is properly controlling the current. TP11 of the MAX board should be
approximately 0.75 volts. This voltage is dependent on feedback information from the power
supplies, which makes it difficult to troubleshoot by any means other than SBC substitution.
• Check the current through the X-ray Insert. The absolute value of the voltage at test points 1 and
5 on the XORB board is proportional to the current through the X-ray Insert. 1 millivolt is equal to
1 micro-ampere of current. A current setting of 750 μA should give a reading of 0.750 VDC at test
points 1 and 5. If either of these voltages vary from the expected by more than 10 millivolts, the
MAX board could be at fault. If TP1 and TP5 are more than 15 millivolts apart, substitute new high
voltage power supplies.
4.10 Arcing
The X-ray Tube Head Insert is an evacuated glass enclosure. An AC current is applied to the filament
inside the insert. It glows like the filament in a light bulb, and electrons are boiled off into the evacuated
space. A high voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode causing electrons to rush toward
the anode, striking it and creating x-rays. As long as the insert is properly evacuated, there can be no
internal arc. However, no insert can be totally evacuated and impurities can be ionized creating a
lightning like effect; arcing.
During the arc the resistance of the insert is dramatically decreased and a large amount of current flows.
• The significant amounts of electromagnetic energy released inside the scanner can cause
problems with the electronics of the scanner system and may result in abnormal operations of
the scanner. An arcing scanner will have one or more of the following symptoms:
• complete lock up of the system

• a diagnostic error code message which is undefined or inappropriate
• a vertical stripe or artifact in the image of the patient's scan (effects all 16 detectors at once)
• Transverse Motion Failure message.
To specifically locate the source of an arc, it is necessary to find out which high voltage power supply
provides the excessive current. This may be done by recording the power supply current monitors at TP1
and TP5 of the XORB board with a storage oscilloscope. An arc typically draws 1.5 mA from the power
supply for about 1 ms. The trigger voltage should therefore be set at 1.5V for TP1 and for TP5.
• Arcing can also occur inside the high voltage connectors. This will usually result in a plainly visible
black or brown carbon track through the grease on the connector. In any case, once the high
voltage connectors have been removed from the Tube Head and the power supplies, they should
not be re-connected without first being cleaned and regreased (see procedure DXSE0002).
• After cleaning the old grease off of the connectors, they should be carefully inspected for carbon
tracks. Look for these tracks on both the rubber cable connectors and on the phenolic sockets of
the Tube Head. If such tracks are found after cleaning, the following are the options for returning
the scanner to service:
• If carbon tracks are found on the rubber cable connectors, they can be removed by excising the
damaged section with a sharp blade. Severe tracks can burn quite deep into the rubber, so care
must taken to remove all the damaged rubber. After the carbon tracks have been removed,
additional grease must be used when repacking the connection to fill in the volume of the
removed rubber.
• If the above procedure requires too much rubber to be removed, or the carbon track looks very
severe, another option is to replace the high voltage cable.
• Arc tracks will be impossible to see on the sockets in the Tube Head. Therefore, if arc tracks are
seen on the rubber cable connectors, the sockets should be sanded with emory cloth as a
precaution. After sanding the socket, remember to flush the socket with cleaning solution to
remove any particles.
• If the tracking inside the socket is too severe or the carbon track cannot be removed, another
option is to replace the Tube Head.
Note: IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO REMOVE ANY CARBON TRACKS ON THESE SURFACES! Carbon
tracks that are simply covered by grease or not completely removed will still provide a path for
arcs to follow.
4.10.1 Limit Switch Tripped During Scan

If a Limit Switch is tripped during an install test, verify the Limit Switches' location with the Service
Software (Tools/Diagnostics/Scanner Motion). If this problem occurs any time after install, see the
problem description below.
If the transverse mechanics of the scanner become imprecise, it may cause a Limit Switch to be tripped
during a scan. This will usually only happen during a total body scan or during an Alignment Test since
both of these scans involve full-width scanning. Once the switch is closed, the motors stop, the End-of-

Exposure Alarm sounds, the amber SHUTTER OPEN lamp turns off and after a few seconds a Diagnostic
Failure appears on the screen.
During full-width scanning, the Detector Carriage comes very close to the Limit Switches, so any
imprecision will cause a Limit Switch to be tripped and the scan will be aborted with a Diagnostic Failure
message for Transverse Motion Failure.
A cause of this problem is a loosening of the first drive Reduction Belt which connects the Transverse
Motor to the first Reduction Pulley. This loosening causes the belt to "walk" on the pulleys causing enough
imprecision in the motion to trip a switch. To tighten the belt, first remove the Pulley Shroud and loosen
all four nuts that hold the motor in place. Then, while holding the motor such that the belt is pulled
taught, tighten the nuts to secure the motor in place. Replace the shroud and test the scanner (an
Alignment Test works well).
If the Tube Head cables come into contact with the cable bundle entering the cable track, it may be
impossible for the scanner to complete all of the necessary transverse steps away from the operator.
Consequently, on each scan line the detector will move closer to the front transverse limit switch, and the
switch may be eventually closed. Form the cable bundle exiting from the cable track into an arch such
that the Tube Head cables will move under the arch rather than running into the bundle. This arch must
not be too high. If it is, there will not be sufficient slack in the Tube Head cable bundle to allow the Tube
Head to move to the front transverse limit switch. Also, if the arch is too small, it may cause too much
slack when the Tube Head is at the forward side of the table. This causes the Tube Head cable bundle to
rub against the inside of the front panel causing a scraping noise to be heard. If the above does not solve
the problem then check the other mechanical components. Electrical components that could cause such
a failure are the Centent Motor Controller, the Transverse Motor, the FOINK board or the SBC board.
4.11 Imaging Problems

4.11.1 White, or Grey in the first or second scan line:

The software is not perfect in its ability to determine the correct grey level of the entire scan based on the
first line of data. Sometimes the grey levels will be set incorrectly during acquisition. During analysis the
grey level is easily adjusted to give a good image, and the results are not affected by this imaging
problem. This problem is most often found on very thin patients. Adding extra tissue equivalent material
(rice bag or saline solution) to a very thin patient may be all that is necessary to cure the symptom.
4.11.2 Femur Scan Problems

Most image discontinuity problems occur in femur images performed at 3 mA on thin or osteoporotic
subjects. These lines usually occur in the trochanter area where the x-ray beam is least attenuated by
tissue.
These lines are caused by Automatic Gain Stabilizer (AGS) trying to adjust the input signal which is at an
excessively high count rate. However, the AGS is not at fault, and the correct action is for the customer to
attenuate the x-ray beam. Lunar normally recommends placing a rice bag (on its side to create 12 cm of
patient thickness in the x-ray beam) along the side of the patient's thigh for thin or osteoporotic patients.

4.11.3 AP-Spine Image Problems: Probable causes
• the shutter closes (causes the shutter open lamp to go out, and the End of Exposure Alarm to
sound).
• increase or reduction of high voltage to the detector (causes horizontal artifacts in the image).
• loss of the signal from the detector (this effects all 16 detectors at once)
• loss of current to the x-ray insert filament (28 volt power supply error message, the orange lamp
to go out, and the End of Exposure Alarm to sound).
• bad x-ray relay contacts (providing power to tube head power supplies)
• reduction in AC Line voltage
• loss of proper high voltage on the x-ray tube
• faulty operation of the AGS system (white lines are short and found only where scan lines move
from air into tissue).
• arcing (may cause vertical artifacts in the image)
4.11.4 Broken Signal Cable

The cables which carry the voltage to the detector and return the signal from the detector array are part
of the upper and lower cable bundle assemblies.
Any break or significant pinch of the cable can cause reduction in counts in either or both channels. This
could result in horizontal artifacts which effect all 16 detectors at once.
4.11.5 Loss of tube head current

The tube head control cable contains the wires which provide power to the filament transformer. If the
wire to the transformer center tap breaks, the xrays will stop, the orange lamp will go off, and the end-of-
exposure alarm will sound. If either of the other two wires break, the MAX board fuse will blow.
Always ask the operator if a "ping" sound (the end of exposure alarm) is heard, and whether the Shutter
Open or X-Ray On lamp turns off. In the case of a tube head current problem, the X-Ray On light will turn
off.
4.11.6 X-Ray Relay Failure

See section 4.16.
4.11.7 Unstable AC Line

If the customer's AC line conditions are unstable, voltages 11% below the scanner’s AC input
configuration will begin to drop the high voltage on the x-ray tube. The counts will drop significantly with
only a change of a few kV. However, this normally causes black or dark grey lines in the scan image.

4.11.8 Arcing
If the tube head is arcing, the arcs will be more likely to occur at the higher current settings. Arcing
generally also causes other strange symptoms such as:
• Scanner stops in the middle of a patient or QA scan with no error message or with transverse
mechanics fail
• The QA scan fails intermittently on bone chamber measurements
• The scanner periodically leaves the message on the screen "Starting X-rays Please Wait" for a
longer than normal period of time (more than 10 seconds)
If you see arcing symptoms, try the following service action:
1. View the Quality Assurance History (see section 4.15). In particular note the trend in BM Values as
discussed in the Failing QA's section of this chapter.
If there is evidence of failures in the mean BM value:
2. Repack the high voltage connections as described in DXSE0000 High Voltage Connection Repacking
Procedure. Note if an arc track is visible in the insulation compound.
3. Replacement of the tube head if no arc tracks are discovered, or if the repacking of the connectors
does not eliminate all arcing symptoms.
Summary
Except for the x-ray relay, the cause of the problem will be difficult to find. Try to obtain some additional
information. If the customer is hearing the end-of-exposure alarm, or seeing the yellow x-ray on lamp
flickering, you can deduce the tube head control cable is bad. Likewise, it is possible to decide on the
shutter/collimator/fan cable. In the case of no alarm or lamp indications, or in the case where large
deviations occur in the peak, the upper and lower cable bundles should be replaced, as problems with
the coaxial cable will be too expensive to troubleshoot.

4.12 Failing Alignment Test Results
4.12.1 Image
The Image is a graphic illustration of the counts recorded during the Alignment Test. A good image has a
black field with evenly distributed grey dots and perhaps a few randomly distributed dots of various
colors (green or blue usually).
Figure 4-6. Failing Alignment Test

A poor Deviation Image will have lines, streaks or spots (indicating counts higher or lower than expected).
When the image is analyzed, click first on points and then back to results, this will typically point type
failing points (they will have a yellow box around them).
• The information tab (see Figure 4-6) will show the test outcome (pass / fail).
• Lines or streaks going longitudinally in the image indicate an alignment problem. Recheck the
alignment of the scanner including the levelness of the scanner. Also, check the scanner frame
for any bending that may have occurred at the site or during shipment.

• Lines or streaks going transversely across the Alignment Test image indicate a problem with the
AGS, on the Detector Daughter Board in the detector array. Again, replace parts until a passing
Alignment Test is obtained.
• Troubleshooting tip: if the Alignment test can be run with the Alignment Aperture on, this will
make the test more sensitive as the beam will be further collimated to the exact size of the
detector. Any failures (beam straying off the detector) will be exaggerated.
4.13 Indicator Failures
4.13.1 X-ray On LED Blinking

The amber X-RAY ON LED should glow steadily once it is illuminated, until the x-rays are turned off. If the
X-RAY ON LED blinks while the shutter is open for a patient scan, the End of Exposure Alarm should
sound.
The amber LED is controlled by a comparator on the FOINK Board. This LED illuminates when
approximately 40μA (or greater) of current is passing through the X-ray Insert. On Spellman system
scanners the amber light may appear to fade out slowly when x-rays are ramped down. This due to the
Spellman power supplies bleeding off current and is not a problem.
If the voltage ramping fails, the High Voltage Power Supplies must be shut completely off before a
second ramping attempt is made. If the amber X-RAY ON LED turns on momentarily, then turns off for a
few seconds before coming on steadily, the system is having difficulty ramping the high voltage. One of
the High Voltage Power Supplies may be defective.
The SBC does not monitor the Insert current once the proper level has been reached. Therefore, if the
current to the Insert is interrupted, the SBC will not recognize the problem and will not alert the
computer, or terminate the exposure.
If the X-RAY ON LED blinks once the x-ray high voltage has been set, there must be a problem in one of
the following areas:
• Tube Head Control Cable-The most likely cause of an intermittent problem in this circuit is a
broken wire in the Tube Head Control Cable. The Red wire is most likely the broken one, as a
broken blue or black wire should blow the MAX Board Fuse. Turn the scanner off and test for
continuity between MAX Board test points TP4, TP5, and TP13.
• MAX Board-The MAX Board may be operating intermittently. Substitute a replacement MAX
Board.
4.13.2 Shutter Open LED Blinking

The amber Shutter Open LED is controlled by the Limit Switch on the Shutter/Collimator Assembly. If the
Limit Switch is defective or improperly adjusted, the Shutter Open LED may be switched on and off. This
will usually be accompanied by the sound of the End of Exposure Alarm if an exposure is underway.

If the Shutter is actually opening and closing intermittently and uncontrollably, the problem is either on
the FOINK, or a broken wire between the FOINK and the Shutter/Collimator Assembly. Remove connector
J11 from the FOINK Board and measure the resistance between pin 5 and pin 6. This will be a
measurement of the resistance of the Shutter Solenoid and the cable through the Cable Track. If the
problem occurs on every scan, run a scan while making this continuity check. If the cable and solenoid
seem to be working properly, substitute a new FOINK Board.
4.13.3 Shutter Not Operating

If the Shutter Solenoid will not open, the problem may be caused by one of the following:
• The Shutter Open LED-If the Shutter Open LED fails, a properly operating FOINK board will
prevent operation of the Shutter Solenoid. Check the LED for continuity, replace it, or substitute a
working amber LED temporarily.
• Solenoid Cable-Remove J11 from the FOINK Board and check continuity between pin 5 and 6 (see
Shutter Open LED Blinking above).
• FOINK Board-Replace the FOINK Board.
4.13.4 End of Exposure Alarm During Scan

If the sharp "Ping" sound of the End of Exposure Alarm is heard during a scan, look at the computer
display to see if a Diagnostic Failure Code is being reported. If so, see section 4.1.
If no Diagnostic Failure Code is reported, the scanner may still be in motion continuing with the scan.
Abort the scan and remove the patient from the table. In any case, note the status of the SHUTTER OPEN
light and the XRAY ON light.

• Both the SHUTTER OPEN light and the X-RAY ON light are on and steady. This would indicate a
faulty FOINK board. Replace it.
The SHUTTER OPEN light is off. This could indicate the following:
• The LED becomes defective during the scan and since the shutter solenoid and this light are
wired in series, the Shutter closed and the Alarm sounded.
• The cable to the amber Shutter Open light broke during the scan with the same result as above.
• The shutter solenoid failed and the Shutter closed followed by the Alarm sounding.
• The FOINK is faulty.
• The SBC is faulty.
The X-RAY ON light is off. This could indicate the following:
• X-ray production has halted. This turns off the X-ray On light and sounds the Alarm.

4.14 Communications Failures
Should the scanner, host computer and or Detector Mother Board lose communications with each other,
there are a number of things to check:
A good troubleshooting tool is the COMM test in Tools/Service Options - COMM tab.
Check
• the I/O cable connections at the serial port on the back of the Host computer and at the SBC. Be
sure both connections are tight and that the thumb screws are used to hold the connectors
firmly together.
• inspect the connector on the SBC. This connector is very fragile and may have been damaged. Be
very careful when connecting the I/O cables to the SBC.
• Check and inspect the Signal Cable input at the SBC
• Check the Connection at the Detector Mother Board and the Bulkhead, where the two halves of
the signal cable meet.
• Verify the power LED’s on the SBC are lit (See section 4.19)
• Verify that the Power LED’s and PLD programming LED’s are lit on the DMB (see section 4.21)
If the ports are properly configured and all power is present, and communication still fails, then the
probable causes are:
• A faulty I/O cable.
• A faulty SBC.
• A faulty serial port / serial port card.
Replacement of these parts is the best troubleshooting method.
4.15 Viewing Quality Assurance Trends

PRODIGY software includes the capability to view, print or graph data contained in the Quality Assurance
database. View and print display selected results of many of the tests run during the Daily Quality
Assurance in tabular form. The graph feature will graph the results of only one of the Quality Assurance
parameters. All features allow for the user to select the time period to be examined.
4.15.1 What to Look for in the QA History

All categories should remain steady over time. Check the PASSED column for failed QA’s. If a failing QA is
found, try to determine the cause, including operator error.
The limit for % Spillover is 13%.

If any sudden jumps are noticed in the values of any of the categories, determine first if these are due to
service work such as a Tube Head replacement. If service work causes a shift in the QA values, then
compare present values to those obtained only after the service.

4.16 MAX Board Troubleshooting
The MAX board controls the current through the X-ray Insert in the Tube Head. PRODIGY scanners use
MAX version 02B currently.
The current at a given kV across the insert is a function of insert filament temperature. The MAX board
adjusts the current by regulating the filament temperature to provide the proper current as set by the
SBC. The relationship is Insert μA X 1000 = SBC input (in volts DC), so for an SBC input of 5VDC, Insert μA =
5000.
The Positive High Voltage Power Supply has a current monitor output (mA MONITOR); the voltage at this
output is proportional to the current passing through the X-ray Insert. This monitor voltage is connected
to the MAX board as feedback (mA FEEDBACK).
What to look for
• Make sure that all connectors are fully seated.
• Check Lemo connectors for loose parts.
• Check for loose wires on the insulation displacement connectors.
• Check the position of the shorting jumpers on pin headers JB1, JB2, and JB3 for: Be sure pins 1
and 2 are connected as indicated by silk screen. When the X-ray Relay is on, both the red and
green LED's on the MAX board should be illuminated. If both are out, no power is getting to the
MAX board. If only the red LED is lit, then the MAX board fuse is burned out or missing.
Electrical tests
When the board is powered up, and x-rays are being generated, the following measurements may be
performed:
With a VOM set on 200 VDC, you should measure about 18 to 21 VDC on TP's 4, 13 and 5 referenced to
TP3 (GND).
Note: If an oscilloscope is available, you should see about 18 to 21 VDC on TP13. However, TP 4 & 5 should
have a 36 to 42 volt peak square wave. A VOM will show the average value of the square wave, i.e. 18 to
21 VDC.

4.17 FOINK Board Troubleshooting
The FOINK is a multipurpose interface board designed for use with the PRODIGY. Operation is both
analog and digital.
Optical isolation is used to isolate the +26VDC supply from the +5VDC and +12VDC (logic) supplies, and
eliminate interference between the motor circuits and the event (detector) signals.
What to look for
Figure 4-7. FOINK Diagnostic LED’s

FOINK LED’s:
A - (D10) Longitudinal OMI/OMD, when this LED flashes, the Longitudinal OMI/OMD infrared beam is
B - (D9) Transverse OMI/OMD, when this LED flashes, the Longitudinal OMI/OMD infrared beam is
C- (D8) X-ray on (28 VDC supply), when this LED is lit when the +28 VDC power supply is on
D - (D7) Mechanics engage, when LED is out the motor(s) are enabled
E - (D6) - Errors Clear, must be lit - out when FOINK detects an error (failsafe)
F - (D5) Reset when this LED is lit the SBC is in Reset

4.18 OMI/OMD Board Troubleshooting
The OMI/OMD board, being a rather uncomplicated device, has little in the way of things to watch for in
installation and use. There are three such boards, one on the Front Longitudinal Carriage (transverse), at
the foot of the scanner on the longitudinal idler shaft (longitudinal), and on the collimator (shutter open
detect).
What to look for
• Check the connector to each board for proper seating.
• Examine the area where the wires attach to the board itself; it is possible the may fray or break.
• Insure that the interrupter disk does not rub against the plastic detector housing. If it does, adjust
by loosening the two machine screws that attach the plastic detector, reposition the detector
and re-tighten the screws.
Electrical tests
The signal from the OMI/OMD board is nominally rectangular in shape. The signal is generated when the
Interrupter Disk alternately passes and occludes a light beam between the two posts on the photo-
transducer. With the beam occluded by the disk, the output signal should be about 5 VDC (close counts).
When the beam is allowed to pass through a slot in the disk, the signal output is near ground potential
(see FOINK troubleshooting 4.17).
Symptoms of possible OMI/OMD failure
• Scanner shuts down at the beginning of a patient scan.

• Scanner shuts down unexpectedly during a scan.
• Either condition above should be accompanied by a Diagnostic Failure Transverse or
Longitudinal (see section 4.0).

4.19 SBC Troubleshooting
The SBC consists of a single circuit board that uses the 8032 microprocessor with a RS-422 interface to
the Host PC and a RS-422 interface to the Detector Motherboard (DMB)
The SBC is located on the electronics pan in the front center.
Figure 4-8. PRODIGY SBC highlight indicates the location of the diagnostic LED’s
Figure 4-9. PRODIGY SBC Diagnostic LED’s

What to look for
• Green LED (C in Figure 4-9) is on then you have +5VDC to the board.
• Red LED (A in Figure 4-9) is on then you have +12VDC to the board.
• Amber LED (B in Figure 4-9) is on then you have -12VDC to the board.
• Red LED (E in Figure 4-9) is the DTR reset line, when this LED is lit, the Detector, FOINK, or SBC are
detecting an error.
When the DTR Reset Line is lit:
• Check the LED’s on the DMB (see section 4.21)
• Check the FOINK LED’s
• Check the Signal Cable
The Service Software can be used to verify communications between the Host / SBC and the DMB.
Go to Tools - Service Options - Communications Tab – test communications
• Red LED (D in Figure 4-9) the scanner Reset, when this LED is lit, the communications with the
Host PC are in Reset.
o Verify port settings on the Host PC (See DXPC2004)

o Verify communications cable
• Green LEDs (G and H in Figure 4-9) flash when data is being received by the SBC
• Green LED (F in Figure 4-9) is not assigned a function at this time.
The reset button near the communications cable connector causes a reset signal at the SBC
microprocessor. Also, disconnecting the serial cable will cause a reset state until the cable is re-attached
and communications reinstated.

4.20 XORB Troubleshooting
The XORB board routes a number of important signals to the rest of the system and protects the system
from transients by shunting them to ground with transorbs.
What to look for
• All connectors firmly seated.
• Check to see that all wires and cables are firmly affixed to their respective connectors. Pay
particular attention to Lemo connectors, since the jam nuts on the connectors are prone to be
loose.
• Check and tighten, if necessary, all mounting screws for the XORB board.
Electrical Tests
• Measure impedance between XORB ground plane and the electrical pan. It should be less than
an ohm.
• There should be no low impedance (less than 10 ohms) reading between any signal or signal
ground and chassis ground on the XORB when the as-associated signal connectors are
disconnected.
The following test points should have the following readings:
Table 4-12. XORB Test Points
Test Point kV mA Limits
TP 1 good .750 0.74 - 0.76

TP 5 76 .750 0.74 - 0.76
TP 1 76 3.00 2.97 - 3.03
TP 5 76 3.00 2.97 - 3.03
TP 2 76 .750 3.76 - 3.84
TP 6 76 .750 3.76 - 3.84

Figure 4-10. DMB Diagnostic LED’s
4.21 Detector Motherboard Troubleshooting

Diagnostic LED’s in Figure 4-10

A - (Green) Power +12 VDC Present
B - (Green) Power - 12 VDC Present
If the 12 VDC power LED’s are not illuminated power down the scanner, wait 30 seconds
and power back up
Check +5, +/-12 VDC Power Supply 1
C - (Green) DMB PLD Programmed and ready
If the DMB PLD LED is not lit verify FIRMWARE version with the Service Software (Tools/Set
Download Parameters / Query), if necessary download to the DMB.
D - (Green) DDB 1 PLD Programmed
Verify the DDB card is seated in its socket
E - (Green) DDB 2 PLD Programmed
F - (Green) DDB 3 PLD Programmed
G - (Green) DDB 4 PLD Programmed
H - (Red) Data Sent to SBC (should flash when acquiring data)

I - (Red) Data Sent to SBC (should flash when acquiring data)
J - (Green) Detector Reset
Verify Communications with the SBC
Verify All DC voltages are Present on the DMB
K - (Green) +5 VDC present
Check +5, +/-12 VDC Power Supply 1
L - Detector Mother Board Reset Button
Figure 4-11. Test Point Board

4.22 Detector Daughter Board Troubleshooting
The Test point board gives the service engineer access to all of the signals for the individual Detector
Daughter Boards
The Test Point Board is broken into 2 areas:
Analog Signals
DMB Controlled Programming Information (same data to all DDB PLD’s FIRMWARE from DMB
Flash RAM)
DCA REF - DCA Reference Levels - High and Low Energy Reference Levels for event
counting windows
LEL = 1.19 VDC
LEH = 1.66 VDC
HEL = 1.96 VDC
HEH = 2.79 VDC
AGS REF AGS Reference Levels - High and low Energy

CENTER = 2.35 VDC
LOWER = 2.00 VDC
Detector Bias Setting (BIAS =.450VDC)
+5 VDC Ref (+5.00 VDC)

- 5 VDC Ref (-5.00 VDC)
Individual Detector Signals (Stored in DMB Flash RAM)
GAIN - combination of Peak and AGS signal gain - setting for Shaping Amplifier - visible
only with Oscilloscope
AGS - AGS amplify or Attenuate signal - visible only with Oscilloscope
BiPolar - Bipolar signal out of the shaping Amplifier
Digital Signals
AGS ROLL - logic signal for AGS rollover - this signal is not currentlyutilized by the software
LE - Low Energy Event detected and counted
HE - High Energy Event detected and counted
SAMPLE - Sample clock signal
AGS ENABLE - Operate Calibrate signal - locks out AGS for Peaking operation

Chapter 5 Service Procedures
5
This chapter contains procedures for testing and replacing parts.
5.0 Reloading LUNAR Software

5.1 Peaking the Detector
5.1.1 Peaking Procedure
5.2 Tube Head Replacement
5.2.1 Shelf Life
5.2.2 Mounting The Tube Head

5.3 Lower Cable Bundle Replacement
5.3.1 Procedure
5.4 Upper Cable Bundle Replacement
5.4.1 Procedure
5.5 Tube Head Control Cable Replacement

5.5.1 Procedure
5.6 Tests to Perform after Service
General Safety Precautions

Ionizing Radiation Exposure: When power is applied, this equipment may generate ionizing
radiation. Take precautions that no part of the body passes through the x-ray beam when the
equipment is energized. Avoid scatter radiation during warm-up and testing by maintaining a safe
distance from the x-ray beam. See the Safety and Specification manual for equipment appropriate
distance and other precautions regarding ionizing radiation. All operators must be properly trained
regarding ionizing radiation and take adequate steps to protect against injury.
Electric Shock: This equipment contains high voltages. When the tabletop/panels/ shrouds are
removed, visually confirm that power cord is unplugged and remains unplugged until power is
required to complete the procedure. When servicing while energized, take precautions to prevent
electric shock.
Moving Parts and Pinch Points: Avoid moving parts and pinch points (e.g. belt/pulley, arm/back rail,
green wheels/rail).

Sharp Edges: Take precautions to prevent injury from contact with component edges (e.g. OMI/OMD
wheel, arm slot cover).
Hot Surfaces: Keep hands clear or allow components to cool before servicing. (e.g. stepper motors,
hard drives, power supplies and microprocessors).
Heavy Lifting: Obtain help lifting or moving any object weighing over EHS limits. Ask for assistance
when maneuvering awkward objects (e.g. tabletop).
Laser Radiation: Do not stare into the laser beam at any time. The reflection from the tabletop or
shutter/collimator assembly is sufficient to determine if the laser is on.
Follow appropriate Lockout/Tagout procedures as described in MyLearning training course GEMS-
EHS-LOTOAth.
Wear appropriate PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) while servicing the equipment, e.g. eye
protection and steel-toe/composite-toe shoes.

5.0 Reloading LUNAR Software
It is sometimes recommended in answer to a particular problem that the software be reloaded. This can
be accomplished by locating the latest version of the Lunar Software. Please note, it may also be
necessary to have the customers system ID number and feature code.
Note: BE SURE OF WHICH VERSION OF SOFTWARE IS PRESENTLY BEING USED! RELOADING OLDER
SOFTWARE CAN DESTROY IMPORTANT DATA.
• The about tab under the help menu of the Lunar PRODIGY Software shows which version is
presently on the system.
• Insert the Lunar System CDROM into the CDROM: drive
• Double click on the My Computer icon on the Windows NT desktop
• Double click on the CD ROM Drive with the LUNAR PRODIGY CDROM in the drive
• Double click the Software Installation ICON
• Follow the instructions on the screen until a message is displayed confirming a successful
software load.
Note: When new versions of software are released they may not be loaded in the above manner. BE SURE
TO FOLLOW THE LOADING INSTRUCTIONS THAT ACCOMPANY ALL SOFTWARE UPDATES.
5.1 Peaking the Detector

The PRODIGY Detector may need to be repeaked, this is a good diagnostic tool to use when a detector is
suspect.
The actual peak setting of each of the detector elements is done in the software - on the Detector Mother
Board with the data from the Detector Daughter Board.
5.1.1 Peaking Procedure

1) Go to the Service Mode of the PRODIGY Software, open the Spectrum Option (Tools/Spectrum)
2) Place the brass spillover piece on top of the collimator aperture.
3) Click on the Peak button in the PRODIGY Software toolbar.
4) Verify that all values are 2000 +/- 600.

5.2 Tube Head Replacement
When a replacement Tube Head is sent to a site in the field for replacement, it is not ready for immediate
installation into the scanner. Some parts from the old Tube Head must be transferred to the new Tube
Head (see list below and Figure 5-12).
These parts are:
1) tilt bar
2) lead ring (around filter area)
3) lead wrap
4) fan bracket
5) nuts, bolts and washers
6) collimator positioning hardware
7) the collimator assembly.
Figure 5-12. PRODIGY Series Tube Head components

Verify that all necessary parts have been transferred to the new Tube Head before shipping the
defective. LUNAR has received defectives with the lead ring, for example, still in them.
5.2.1 Shelf Life

Many distributors have asked about the shelf life on the Tube Heads in their stock. The shelf life of the
Tube Head is not accurately known, but we feel at this time that it is over two years. Perform the
following Tube Head inspections on all replacements before mounting them:
2. Check the shelf for oil spots which would indicate that the Tube Head has a leak. If oil is discovered,
return the Tube Head for warranty replacement.
3. Shake the Tube Head and listen for the sound of an air pocket or bubble inside. If a bubble is
discovered, return the Tube Head for warranty replacement.
Note: If a Tube Head has been on the shelf for three weeks or more, perform the warm up procedure
described in Procedure DXAP2001 PRODIGY Source Detector Alignment.
5.2.2 Mounting The Tube Head

Use procedure DXSE0000 for repacking the new Tube Head's high voltage connections, and refer to the
installation procedures, DXAP2001 and DXAP2002, for tube head mounting and alignment procedures.

5.3 Lower Cable Bundle Replacement
Necessary tools:
• 1/8" and 5/32" Hex Wrench,
• Small Screwdriver
• Diagonal Cutters
• 3/8" Wrench
• Large and small wire ties.
5.3.1 Procedure
1. Shut off the power to the scanner.
2. Take off the table top by removing four screws (two at each end).
3. Remove the head and foot end panels. At the foot end of the scan table unplug the A/C power cable
to the scanner.
4. Move the scan arm to the head end of the table.
5. On your new lower cable bundle, use a diagonal cutters to cut the wire ties holding the cable
together, also unfold and read the LUNAR SERVICE NOTES attached to the new cable bundle.
6. Lay the new cable bundle flat out on the floor. Locate the end with the (2) 16 pin connectors and the
yellow and orange Lemo connectors, this is the end that connects to the bulkhead, this is the end to
start the install action from.
7. Locate the bulkhead on the scanner. There are (3) wire ties that hold the cable bundle in place
between the bulkhead and the cable track. Before cutting any wire ties note the way the cable
bundle is tied down and the way the cable lays before it enters the cable track. The new cable must
be fastened in the same position and lay the same way.
8. Carefully cut the (3) wire ties between the bulkhead and the cable track with your diagonal cutters.
Disconnect the large RS232 connector (Detector Signal Cable) by unscrewing the two screws on the
connector.
9. Next disconnect the two white 16 pin molex connectors. These connectors have a catch lock located
in the center of the housing which must be depressed to disconnect them from the bulkhead.
10. If you try to remove the cable bundle by pulling it back towards the cable track you will notice a 3
conductor gray wire cable tied to the high voltage cable bundle. This wire carries the transverse
optical interrupt signal from the front carriage (we will refer to this wire as the OMI/OMD cable). To
find the location of the OMI/OMD board and the front carriage follow the OMI/OMD cable. On your
new Cable bundle the OMI/OMD wire is connected through the bulkhead.
11. To remove the OMI/OMD cable push the x-ray tube head all the way to the outside of the scanner
(patients left side), then notice the clearance between the front panel and the high voltage cable

bundle connecting to the x-ray tube head and the way the cables are tied down as you will need to
wire tie them back the same way.
12. Now you can cut the (4) large wire ties and the (2) small wire ties that hold down the high voltage
cable bundle and OMI/OMD cable. Then you can pull the lower cable bundle back to where it enters
the cable track.
13. Next take your small screw driver and pry open (20) of the cable track plastic retaining clips that hold
the cables into the track. These clips pivot at the back of the cable track and can either be removed
or left in the open position so the cables can be removed.
14. Pull the old cable bundle out of the cable track towards the foot end of the table.
15. Now install the (3) conductor OMI/OMD cable from the bulkhead to the OMI/OMD BOARD. To do this
you must remove the white 16 pin connector from the bulkhead labeled bulkhead 2, this connector is
a part of the upper cable bundle and the new OMI/OMD cable will connect into this housing. Note the
position of the wire tie that holds the upper cable bundle in place and then cut it in order to pull the
connector out to install the OMI/OMD cable. Note the orientation of the existing terminals in this
bulkhead connector as they slide and lock into the connector in one direction only. Where the wires
enter the connector each hole is numerically labeled. Put the green wire into hole # 11, and the black
wire into hole # 9, and the red wire into hole # 1.
16. Slide the connector back into the bulkhead bracket the way it came out and fasten the upper cable
bundle with a large wire tie the way it was before the original wire tie was cut.
17. Route the new OMI/OMD cable in the same position as the previous cable and connect it to the
OMI/OMD board. Then tie the high voltage cable bundle and the OMI/OMD cable down to the high
voltage cable trough,(there are three large wire ties near the bulkhead, two large wire ties put
together to tie the high voltage cables down at the center of the high voltage cable trough, and two
small wire ties to anchor the OMI/OMD cable down to the Bracket before it connects to the OMI/OMD
board). Before tightening the wire ties assure that the proper clearances and no stress is applied at
any of the connectors or wires. Tighten the center cable ties first (two large wire ties put together and
located at the center of the high voltage cable trough). Be sure the high voltage cable bundle does
not hit the front panel when the tube head is all the way toward the outside of the scanner (patients
left). Then tighten the three wire ties near the bulkhead making sure that the high voltage cables do
not hang over into the cut out space on the high voltage cable trough as they may hit the
longitudinal motor bracket and cause positioning problems.
18. Take the new cable bundle and connect it to the bulkhead by routing the cable bundle the same way
as the replace cable bundle, (note the connectors are labeled bulkhead 1 and bulkhead 2) and fasten
the cable bundle down in the three spots between the cable track and the bulkhead with wire ties.
Lay the new bundle down into the cable track making sure all the cables lay parallel to each other.
Start replacing the clips to the cable track as far as you can. Continue the process: remove a few
clips, extract the old cable bundle, add in the new cable bundle, and replace the clips.
19. To finish removing the old and installing the new cable bundle in the lower portion of the cable track
you must remove a screw located at the end of the cable track. To do this use a 1/8" hex wrench and
a 3/8" wrench. Once you remove the screw you can lift the cable track out of the channel it rides in
and finish prying open the remaining clips. Remove the old cable bundle until it reaches the cable
entrance hole, where all the cables enter the electrical pan area. Then finish installing the new cable
bundle until you reach the cable entrance hole, finish clipping all the clips and then replace the cable
track hold down screw (do not tighten the screw at this time).

20. Locate where all the wires from the old cable bundle terminate on the electronics pan. All of the wires
are labeled except for the wires that go to the terminal block. Here is a list of wires that must be
disconnected before removing the cable bundle from the pan area. SBC (J-5), FOINK (J-17), FOINK (J-
12), FOINK (J-14), FOINK (J-5), FOINK (J-8), PMT/AGS (J-11) is the yellow Lemo connector), the orange
Lemo connector (connected to the H.V. Lemo box), then the last three wires connect to the Terminal
block. Write down the number where the orange, blue and yellow wires go to on the terminal block
and disconnect them with your small screwdriver. Carefully pull the old cable bundle through the
cable entrance hole from the pan area. The old cable bundle may now be discarded.
21. Carefully feed (one connector at a time) the new cable bundle wires through the cable entrance hole
into the pan area. Connect the wires to their proper locations.
22. Then move the arm all the way down to the foot end of the scan table. At this time make sure that
the Lower cable bundle and the high voltage cable bundle have some slack where the cables enter
the cable track near the bulkhead area. Then make sure the cable track has at least 1/8" of clearance
from hitting the frame. To adjust this slide the cable track in the trough it rides in to get the proper
clearance, then tighten the screw that holds the cable track in place with a 1/8" hex wrench and a
3/8" wrench. Move the arm up and down the scan table to be sure there is nothing wrong with the
cable track motion. Leave the arm at the foot end of the table.
23. Leave a little slack in the cables from the cable track to the pan area to allow all of the cables to be
routed and wire tied exactly like the original cables.

24. Reconnect the A/C power cord, put the table top, pad, and end panels back on the scanner.
25. Turn on the scan table, computer, monitor and printer. Perform required tests per section 5.6 of the
PRODIGY Service Manual.
5.4 Upper Cable Bundle Replacement

Tools Necessary:
• Small Phillips Screwdriver
• Small Slot Screwdriver
• Diagonal Cutters
• Hex Wrench Set
• Mini Molex Pin Extractor
• Large and Small Wire Ties
5.4.1 Procedure
1. Turn off the power to the scan table.
2. Remove the table top by removing the two screws at each end.
3. Remove the front panel of the scan table

4. Lastly, remove the column cover of the arm held in place by screws.
5. Remove the upper and lower arm covers by removing the (8) screws that hold it in place.
6. Open the cable track and cut the wire ties at the end of it. Disconnect all the cables coming from the
cable track and remove the cable bundle as far as the top of the column (through the hole).
7. Place the new cable bundle in the cable track and connect all cables to their appropriate positions.
Close the cable track and wire tie the cables at the end of it. Route the cable bundle through the hole
in the top of the column.
8. Next locate the Laser On light and disconnect it. Remove this cable to the top of the column cutting
any necessary wire ties.
9. Route the new cable to the Laser On light and connect. Replace any wire ties removed in step 5.
10. From the back of the arm column follow the cables vertically down and cut all the wire ties holding
the upper cable bundle to the other cable assemblies.
11. Carefully pull the upper cable bundle out towards the back of the arm and down through the holes in
the column.
12. Next cut the wire ties that hold the cables down near the bulkhead, these are located in the lower
rear portion of the arm.
13. Make sure the bulkhead connectors are labeled on both sides of the bulkhead bracket and then
disconnect them.
14. Next remove the two (16) pin Molex housing connectors that are attached to the upper cable
assemblies from the bulkhead bracket. Also disconnect the large RS 232 connector from the
bulkhead bracket. Pull the housings and the Signal cable connectors out to work on them.
15. Use the mini Molex pin extractor tool and remove from bulkhead 1 pin16 and pin8. From bulkhead 2
(the lower connector) remove pin15, pin16, pin6, pin7, and pin8.
16. Now remove the old cable bundle by pulling the cable out through the back of the column. The old
cable may now be discarded.
17. Next route the new cable bundle through the column wire tieing as you go.
18. Route the taped end of the cable through the hole at the bottom of the column to the bulkhead area
(follow the other cables that go to the bulkhead).
19. Carefully remove the masking tape from the cable exposing the mini Molex pins and the Lemo
connector. Note the orientation of the existing terminals in the bulkhead connectors and the numeric
labels at each hole of the connector.
20. Replace the wires one at a time removing the wires from the old cable and replace them with the
wires from the new cable.
21. Insert the connectors into the bulkhead bracket the same way they were removed and fasten the
upper cable bundle with wire ties as original.
22. From the wire tie just fastened, the cables going into the arm column must not have any slack in the
cables (pull the cables from the column area to remove any slack). Make sure that none of the cables
hit any of the moving parts in the narrow area where the cables come from the back of the column
out to the bulkhead.

23. Mount the column cover back in place and replace the top and bottom arm covers. Replace the table
top, table pad and the head and foot end panels back on to the scanner.
24. Turn on the power to the scan table. Run Required tests as prescribed in section 5.6 of the PRODIGY
service manual.

5.5 Tube Head Control Cable Replacement
Required Tools:
5.5.1 Procedure
1. Switch off the power to the scanner.
2. Remove the tabletop, head and foot end panels. At the foot end of the scan table unplug the A/C
power plug to the scanner.
3. Move the scan arm to the head end of the table.
4. Take the black tape off the high voltage cable bundle at each end of the sleeving (open any cable
track clips that are in the way as in step 8) as well as any wire ties holding the bundle in place. Next,
slide the sleeving away from the tube head and remove the tape beneath the sleeving. Note the
positions of each cable before removing the tape. The cables must be returned to these positions.
5. Disconnect the military-style connector and the ground wire (if one exists) from the tube head and
slide the cable out of the black sleeving toward the cable track.
6. Unplug J3 and J5 on the XORB board. Also, trace the ground wire (if one exists) from the control cable
and disconnect it from the power supply. Cut the wire ties holding the control cable to the pan.
7. Pry open the plastic retaining clips that hold the cables into the cable track. These clips pivot at the
back of the cable track and can either be removed or left in the open position to remove the cables.
The screw located at the end of the cable track near the pan must also be removed. Once this screw
is removed the cable track can be lifted out of the channel it rides in and the remaining clips can be
opened. Mark the position of the cable track screw on the frame to return the track to its original
position.
8. Remove the old control cable. Note the position of all the cables in the cable track. They will need to
be returned to the same position during this procedure.
If the cables are not returned to their original positions, cable damage will result.
9. Feed the new cable, military connector first, through the black sleeving on the high voltage cable
bundle starting near the bulkhead. The sleeving can be expanded by pushing two parts of it together
to better fit the connector through.
10. Once the cable is through the sleeving, connect it to the tube head and connect the ground wire (see
Figures 5-13 and 5-14). Position the cables next to the high voltage cable bracket as in Figure 5-13.
The collimator control cable should come out of the cable bundle between the two high voltage
cables toward the back of the scanner. Tape the cables together for several inches with three layers
of electrical tape starting as close to the bracket as possible. Continue to spiral the tape around the
cables as it was originally and finish by taping three layers for several inches near the bulkhead. Tape

the sleeving near the bulkhead as it was originally. Pull the sleeving tight along the bundle and tape
near the tube head. Wire tie the cables to the tube head high voltage cable bracket.
Figure 5-13. Profile Cable Routing Diagram

Figure 5-14. Top Down Cable Routing Diagram

11. Lay the control cable in the cable track in the same position as the original one. Start replacing wire
ties between the bulkhead and the tube head. Before tightening the wire ties assure that there is
proper clearance and no stress is applied at any of the connectors or wires through the entire range
of motion. Tighten the center cable ties first (two large wire ties put together and located at the
center of the high voltage cable trough). Be sure the high voltage cable bundle does not hit the front
panel when the tube head is all the way toward the front of the scanner. Make sure the high voltage
cables do not hang into the cut out space on the high voltage cable trough. Tighten the three wire
ties near the bulkhead.
12. Replace the clips to the cable track and reattach the track to the scanner frame.
13. Move the arm to the foot end of the scan table. Check that the lower cable bundle and the high
voltage cable bundle have some slack where the cables enter the cable track near the bulkhead.
Check that the cable track has at least 1/8" clearance of the frame. To adjust this, slide the track in its
trough, then tighten the screw that holds the track in place. Move the arm up and down the table to
verify that the cable track moves properly.
14. Reconnect the A/C power cord, and replace the table top and end panels.
15. Perform required tests as prescribed in section 5.6 of the PRODIGY Service Manual.

5.6 Tests to Perform after Service
Please see LUSE0002 for part specific testing information.
5.6.1 Test Work Instructions and/or References to Work Instructions
Shutter Cycle Test
1.) Click Tools/Diagnostics/Scanner X-Ray…/ X-Ray Tests tab (default tab).

2.) In the Automatic Test box, ensure Shutter is selected (default), change Number of Passes to 100
and click Start.
3.) If Number of Successes = 100, the result is PASS. If any other result occurs (i.e. error(s))
the result is FAIL. If result is FAIL, the cause of error must be found and cycle test must be
rerun until the result is PASS.

Home Verification
Reference DXAP2011 enCORE Beam Wobble Test
Display Panel (LED, E-Stop, positioning switches)
Perform the following tests to ensure that the LEDs and positioning and emergency stop switches
are operational:
1. Power On (Green) LED Test - Ensure table is plugged in and power switch is switched on.
• PASS = Power On LED is on.
2. Position Switch Test - Tools/Diagnostics/Scanner Motion. Go to Motion Commands tab, click
Enable Joystick.
• PASS = Switches and motors are operational by pressing switches on front panel to
move arm in all directions.
3. X-Ray On (Yellow) Test - Tools/Diagnostics/Scanner X-ray. Click Ramp (in X-ray Source box).
• PASS = X-Ray On LED is on and the X-Ray Tube Head Fans are ON.

4. Shutter Open (Yellow) Test - Click Open Shutter.
• PASS = Shutter Open LED is on.
5. Laser On (Amber) LED Test - Click Turn On (Laser).

• PASS = Laser LED is on.
6. Emergency stop switch Test - Press the Emergency Stop Button.
• PASS = Laser and all the LED’s (except power) turn off, bell sounds when the shutter
closes and X-Ray Source Fans are OFF.
7. Close the window. Check the Error log for errors other than expected E-Stop and
Shutter/Scanner Reset Faults.
• Overall Display Panel Test PASS = All Tests 1-6 = PASS and there are no
unexpected errors in log.
External Options (External E-Stop Switch, External X-Ray Light On)

Reference DXAP0012 DPX Series and Prodigy External Options Installation Procedure
Voltage/Continuity Verification
Ground Verification
7033 and 8913 – Verify by visual inspection that the 3 ground cables on each end are connected.
• 3 ends to pan (nut connection)
• 1 end to bulkhead (spade connection)
• 2 ends to rear carriage (screw connection)
7338, 8911 and 40542 – Verify by visual inspection that the 1 ground cable on each end is
connected.
• 1 end to bulkhead (spade connection)
• 1 end to detector carriage (nut connection)
2700 and 2699 – Verify by visual inspection that the 2 grounds are connected to the pan near the
CSBC (nut connection).
2698 – Verify by visual inspection that the ground is connected to the pan near the centent (nut
connection).
5947 and 8249– Verify by visual inspection that the 1 ground cable on each end is connected.
• 1 end to tubehead (screw connection)
• 1 end to pan near HVPS (nut connection)

41757, 41735 and 41740 – Verify by visual inspection that the ground cable connects the panel
to the pan.
1983 – Verify by visual inspection that the ground cable is connected.
Beam Wobble
Reference DXAP2011 enCORE Beam Wobble Test
Alignment Verification (Photo)

Reference DXAP2001 Prodigy Source Detector Alignment Procedure
Primary Calibration
Reference DXAP2002 Prodigy Primary Calibration Procedure
Hacksaw
Reference DXAP2007 Prodigy Hacksaw Test
Secondary Calibration (QA)

Reference 2.17.2 Starting the Daily QA (secondary calibration) from this manual
Spine Phantom
Reference the enCORE Operator's Manual for the Aluminum Spine Phantom Scanning
Procedure. Average the results from the 3 analyzed scans, and verify that the mean is within 2%
of the expected value for the phantom.



6
Chapter 6 Maintenance
This chapter contains brief discussions of the Preventative

Maintenance procedure and Check Sheet as well as a discussion on unusual sounds
and a listing of change orders associated with the PRODIGY scanner.
6.0 Preventative Maintenance

6.1 Unusual Sounds
6.0.1 QA History
6.0.2 Repacking the High Voltage Cable Connectors
6.0.3 Wear
6.0.4 Cleaning
6.0.5 Inspection
6.0.6 Tests
6.2 Change Orders



6.0 Preventative Maintenance
There are a number of items to be checked, cleaned and tested during a PM visit to a site. See DXSE0012
and DXSE0038 for requirements.
6.0.1 QA History
An important aspect of the PM is checking the QA History. This is important because when a QA is run
during the PM, it should be consistent with the past QA's.
6.0.2 Repacking the High Voltage Cable Connectors

The major work of a PM is the repacking of the High Voltage Cable connectors. See procedure DXSE0000
High Voltage Connection Repacking Procedure. It is VERY IMPORTANT that this procedure be understood
completely before performing it!
6.0.3 Wear
The scanner should also be checked for signs of wear. The Shutter Assembly especially should be
inspected.
Wear on these parts can cause lead shavings to fall on the filter in the x-ray beam. This can cause a
drastic decline in Reference Counts, causing QA's to fail.
Also check all the scanner's moving parts for signs of wear.
• This would include wheels, pulleys, gears, bearings, belts, cables and motor assemblies.
• INSPECT CAREFULLY cables that enter the plastic cable track. These cables are subjected to a good
deal of motion and thus have the potential for breakage!
• Also, when performing the various tests listed below, listen for any unusual noises that could be
indications of wear.
6.0.4 Cleaning
Cleaning the scanner is important.
• Remove dust and any debris from the electronics mounting chassis.
• Clean the transverse and longitudinal extrusions. Small bits of debris from the wheels may
accumulate and impede motion.
• Clean the Shutter Assembly and the filter, if necessary (see 6.0.3).

6.0.5 Inspection
• Inspect the scanner internally and externally for obvious damage and loose connections.
• Check all PCB's for tight mounting screws.
6.0.6Tests
Run all other tests according to DXSE0012 and DXSE0038.
6.1 Unusual Sounds

A high pitched sound is normally heard when the scanner is in motion. This is caused by the high
frequency motor pulses being sent from the Centent Motor Controller to the Transverse and Longitudinal
Motors.
If the high pitched sound only occurs during motor operation, check the optical interrupt disks and verify
that they are not rubbing against the black plastic transducer of the OMI/OMD board. The disk should
turn in the middle of the transducer's slot.
For other sounds of an apparent mechanical nature, check all appropriate gears and pulleys. Verify that
the set screws are tightened and that the gears and pulleys are not out of position. With the scanner
turned off, move the affected parts by hand to determine the exact source of the sound. Also look for
rusted or worn bearings and examine the V-wheels for wear. With age, the longitudinal and transverse
drive belts will dry out and start to cause noises. Treating these belts with belt dressing is a short term
solution until they can be replaced.
Clicking or clunking sounds made during motor operation can be caused by belts that are riding up on
their pulleys, or by a too tight bearing support. The bearing support is held to the carriage by a set screw
from the rear. If this set screw is so tight that the bearing and support have no play (i.e. can be rocked 1-2
mm), it can cause a clunking sound during transverse motion. If this screw is loosened, it should be
secured with Lock-Tite so it cannot work its way loose.
Pulleys that have become defective can also cause clicking and squeaking/ squealing sounds. Try to
isolate the movement of individual pulleys to locate the defective part.
Scraping sounds can be caused by any of the moving carriages, cables or cable track rubbing against an
adjacent panel. Localize the sound and investigate the appropriate areas.
6.2 Change Orders

As engineering changes are made to the PRODIGY Scanner, they will be noted herein future revisions of
this manual.

Appendix
Associated Service Documentation
DXAP2000 PRODIGY Installation Procedure

DXAP2001 PRODIGY Source Detector Alignment Procedure
DXAP2002 PRODIGY Primary Calibration Procedure
DXAP2003 PRODIGY Installation Test Procedures (Obsolete)
DXAP5006 DXA Installation Report Form
DXAP2005 enCORE Operator Training Outline

DXAP2006 PRODIGY Dial Indicator Alignment Verification
DXAP2013 PRODIGY Split Frame Installation Procedure
DXAP0012 DPX Series and PRODIGY External Options Installation Procedure
DXSE0000 High Voltage Connection Repacking Procedure
DXAP2007 PRODIGY Hacksaw Test

DXAP2015 PRODIGY Arm Slot Cover Installation Procedure
DXAP2011 enCORE Beam Wobble Test
DXAP2010 enCORE Table Pad Alignment Procedure
DXSE0002 DEXA Label Replacement Procedure
DXAP2023 DXA U.S. Label Instructions
DXAP2030 Teledensitometry Configuration Procedure
DXAP2031 Importing DPX Database Files into enCORE
DXMA2013 PRODIGY Wiring and Cable Dressing Work Instructions
DXMA2213 PRODIGY II Wiring and Cable Dressing Work Instructions
DXAP3030 Small Room Kit Installation Instructions
DXPC2004 Windows XP PC configuration Procedure
LUPC0006H Creating and Restoring Drive Image Instructions
DXSE0012 DXA Onsite PM Work Instructions
DXSE0038 DXA Onsite PM Quality Record
Note: Non-USA service personnel: Please omit all steps in the PM Work Instructions
that involve InSite 2.0 until further notice.

DXAP0033 Seismic Installation Procedure
DXSE3001 PRODIGY and DPX Series Laser Replacement Procedure
DXSE0040 enCORE Based Scanner Transit Tear Down Procedure
DXSE0041 enCORE Series De-Installation Checklist
DXSE0042 OMI/OMD Replacement Procedure
DXSE2602 PRODIGY Series Front Panel Cap Replacement Procedure
DXSE2603 PRODIGY Series Collimator/Collimator O-Ring Replacement Procedure
DXMA2313 PRODIGY 3 Wiring and Cable Dressing Work Instructions
DXMA2413 PRODIGY 4 Wiring and Cable Dressing Work Instructions
DXAP5033 InSite 2.0 Installation Check Sheet -- USA ONLY.
DXSE2001 PRODIGY Lower Cable Bundle Installation Procedure
DXSE3005 WinXP Computer Replacement Work Instructions

USA Europe
Headquarters
GE Medical Systems Lunar
3030 Ohmeda Drive
Madison, WI 53718-6704 USA
+1 (800) 437-1171 GE Medical Systems IT GmbH
Munzinger Strasse 3-5
D-79111 Freiburg
Germany
+49-212-2802-652
+49-761-4543-233 (Fax)
France Germany
GE Healthcare Lunar Beethovenstrasse 239
11 Avenue Morane D-42655 Solingen
Saulnier Germany
78457 Velizy +49-212-2802-0
France +49-212-2802-390 (Fax)
+33-1-34-49-5365
+33-1-34-49-5406 (Fax)
Asia/Pacific China
4-7-127 Asahigaoka No. 19 Changjiang Road
Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-8503 Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214028
Japan P.R.C.
+81-42-585-5111 +86-510-85225888
+81-42-585-3077 (Fax) +86-510-85226688 (Fax)
http://www.gehealthcare.com
Imagination at work

LUNAR Prodigy 1-4

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

LUNAR Prodigy 1-4

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Document Information for: LU7396DDW

Type Drawing Print

This page is generated automatically by the GEHC MyWorkshop System.

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 1 of 164

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 2 of 164

All Rights Reserved

This page left blank intentionally.

Page 2 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 3 of 164

Department prior to attempting any servicing.

PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 3 of 163

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 4 of 164

Page 4 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 5 of 164

VÝSTRAHA Tento provozní návod existuje pouze v anglickém jazyce.

PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 5 of 163

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 6 of 164

patient des blessures dues à des dangers électriques, mécaniques ou autres.

Page 6 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 7 of 164

PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 7 of 163

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 8 of 164

ATENŢIE Acest manual de service este disponibil doar în limba engleză.

ОСТОРОЖНО! Данное руководство по техническому обслуживанию представлено только на

Page 8 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 9 of 164

DİKKAT Bu servis kılavuzunun sadece ingilizcesi mevcuttur.

PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 9 of 163

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 10 of 164

This page left blank intentionally.

Page 10 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 11 of 164

1.5.3 Note Statements................................................................................................................................................................ 30

1.6.3 Radiation safety ................................................................................................................................................................. 32

PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 11 of 163

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 12 of 164

2.5.4 AGS ROLL ............................................................................................................................................................................... 59

Page 12 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 13 of 164

2.5.32 Debug RS-232 Port ........................................................................................................................................................ 69

2.8 X-ray Generator (High Voltage Power Supply(ies)) ..................................................................................................... 72

PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 13 of 163

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 14 of 164

3.1.1 Spectrum ............................................................................................................................................................................... 91

3.1.6 Pileup ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 91

Page 14 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 15 of 164

3.4.2 Troubleshooting Help software ................................................................................................................................100

4.1.1 Operator Induced - switch closed during scan ................................................................................................105

PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 15 of 163

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 16 of 164

4.10.1 Limit Switch Tripped During Scan ........................................................................................................................ 121

4.11.4 Broken Signal Cable .................................................................................................................................................... 123

Page 16 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 17 of 164

5.2.1 Shelf Life...............................................................................................................................................................................143

PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012) Page 17 of 163

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 18 of 164

This page left blank intentionally.

Page 18 of 163 PRODIGY 1-4 Service Manual (Rev. 3- 2012)

Approved Document - LU7396DDW_r4.pdf Page 19 of 164

1.0 General Safety

1.1.2 Internal Symbols

1.5 Cautions, Warnings, and Notes