Faculty of Computers and Information

Cairo University
Data Communication
Second Year
Sheet No.: 3 Subject: Data Transmission
Q1. Choose the correct answer:

1. ----------------- is the range of frequencies a signal contains, while ………….. is the width of
frequencies of a signal.
a. Bandwidth – Spectrum c. Spectrum – Bandwidth

b. Frequency – Spectrum d. Frequency – Bandwidth

2. ----------------- is the component of zero frequency

a. AC component c. DC component

b. Fundamental frequency d. None of the above

3. ----------------- are entities that convey meaning.

a. Data c. Signals

b. Signaling d. Bit

4. ----------------- are electromagnetic representation of data.

a. Data c. Signals

b. Signaling d. Baud

5. The ----------------- rate defines the number of data elements sent in 1s; the ----------------- rate
is the number of signal elements sent in 1s.
a. Data - Signal c. Baud - bit

b. Signal - Data d. None of the above

6. Before data can be transmitted, they must be transformed to -----------------

a. Periodic signals c. Aperiodic signals

b. Electromagnetic signals d. Low-frequency sine waves

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7. A periodic signal completes one cycle in 0.001 s. What is the frequency?
a. 1 Hz c. 1 KHz

b. 100 Hz d. 1 MHz

8. If the bandwidth of a signal is 5 KHz and the lowest frequency is 52 KHz, what is the highest
frequency?
a. 5 KHz c. 47 KHz

b. 10 KHz d. 57 KHz

9. What is the bandwidth of a signal that ranges from 1 MHz to 4 MHz?

a. 4 MHz c. 3 MHz

b. 1 KHz d. None of the above

10. -----------------is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal strength falls off with
distance.
a. Attenuation c. Noise

b. Distortion d. None of the above

11. -----------------is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses strength due to
the different propagation speeds of each frequency that makes up the signal.
a. Attenuation c. Noise

b. Distortion d. None of the above

12. -----------------is unwanted signal added to the original signal as it propagates from the source
to the destination.
a. Attenuation c. Noise

b. Distortion d. None of the above

13. -----------------signals can have an infinite number of values in a range.

a. Analog c. a and b

b. Digital d. None of the above

-----------------describes the position of the waveform relative to time 0.

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 a. Frequency c. Amplitude

b. Phase d. Voltage

14. For a -----------------channel, the Nyquist bit rate formula defines the theoretical maximum bit
rate, While for a -----------------channel, we need to use the Shannon capacity to find the
maximum bit rate.
a. noiseless - noisy c. bandpass – lowpass

b. lowpass - bandpass d. noisy - noiseless

Q2. If the solid curve in the following figure represents sin(2πt), what does the dotted curve
represent? That is the dotted curve can be represented as Asin(2πft+Φ) what are A, f, Φ?

Q3. A signal has a fundamental frequency of 1000 Hz. What is its period?

Q4. Sound may be modeled as sinusoidal functions. Compare the relative frequency and
wavelength of musical notes. Use 330 m/s as the speed of sound and the following frequencies
for the musical scale.

Note C D E F G A B C

Frequency 264 297 330 352 396 440 495 528

Q5. What is the channel capacity for a tele-printer channel with a 300-Hz bandwidth and a
signal-to-noise ratio of 3-dB, where the noise is white thermal noise?

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Q6. A digital signaling system is required to operate at 9600 bps.

a. If a signal element encodes a 4-bit word, what is the minimum required bandwidth of the
channel?

b. Repeat part (a) for the case of 8-bit words.

Q7. Given a channel with an intended capacity of 20 Mbps, the bandwidth of the channel is 3
MHz. assuming white thermal noise, what signal-to-noise ratio is required to achieve this
capacity?

Q8. A telephone line is known to have a loss of 20 dB. The input signal power is measured as 0.5
W, and the output noise level is measured as 4.5 µW. using this information, calculate the output
signal-to-noise ratio in dB.

Q9. Given an amplifier with an effective noise temperature of 10,000K and a 10-MHz
bandwidth, what thermal noise level, in dBW, may we expect at its output?

Q10. Given the narrow (usable) audio bandwidth of a telephone transmission facility, a nominal
SNR of 56dB (400,000),and a certain level of distortion,
a. What is the theoretical maximum channel capacity (kbps) of traditional telephone lines?
b. What can we say about the actual maximum channel capacity?

Q11. Both Shannon and Nyquist place an upper limit on the bit rate of a channel. How are the
two related?