Integrated Reservoir Analysis

and
Characterization

Pore Geometry, Rock Types

and Flow Units
NExT Tulsa Geoscience and
Petrophysics Center of Excellence

Instructor: Ken Wolgemuth, Ph.D.

November 10-14, 2003
Pau, France

Chapter 0 - Introduction NExT Copyright, 2003 1

 Welcome
Welcome to our Integrated Petrophysics and Reservoir Analysis
Course. The focus of the week is determining rock types and
flow units. We will show several case studies to illustrate how
applying these techniques has resulted in generating value. It is
a pleasure to have this opportunity to present this material to
you.

This course is organized using a series of learning objectives.

In order for you to have a successful experience this week, you
need to participate in the interactive discussions and problem
sessions.

The course focuses on practical applications of these

techniques for various reservoir lithologies and fluid systems.

Please feel free to discuss how you may apply any of these
techniques, methods, or tools within your asset teams or
discuss your reservoir analysis needs.

NExT
Gary W. Gunter
Director of NExT Subsurface Integration Program (NSIP)
Phone – 918-631-3926
Office - 918-631-3928
gunter@tulsa.nexttraining.net

Chapter 0 - Introduction NExT Copyright, 2003 2

 High Level Objectives

Several work flow processes will be provided throughout the

week as guidelines they can be further customized to your
particular business situation.

Our main objective for this week is to show why integration is

important and how applying this model can be used to generate
value in various petroleum systems.

These examples will range from exploration appraisal to mature

field evaluations. In each case the techniques within each
segment will be different but, the overall workflow will remain
the same.

The focus of this week will be using pore geometries, rock types
and flow units within reservoir characterization studies.

Chapter 0 - Introduction NExT Copyright, 2003 3

 Reservoir Characterization
Petrophysical Integration Process
Stage 1
Regional Structural Core Depositional Depositional
Geology Geology Description Process Environment Stratigraphy
Provenance, Stress
Regime Closure Genetic Units Flow Regime Facies Distribution Depositional Sequence,
Architecture

17 Sd

21 Sd
20 Sd
IMM 9

22 Sd

22
23 Sd Sd

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

NExT Copyright, 2003 After Gunter et al 1997

Chapter 0 - Introduction 4
 Our Commitment to You

At the end of the week you will be able to:

1. Determine petrophyscial rock types

2. Provide estimates of both minimum and maximum

stratification for quick look simulations using the
Modified Lorenz method

3. Use Winland based methods to determine rock

types and understand their relationships to facies

4. Understand the relationship between capillary

pressure, rock types and water saturation.

5. Introduce other rock type methods such as Flow

Zone indicators and Cumulative Distribution
Functions.

Using Excel you will develop a set of tools that can be used in your
daily job assignments.

Chapter 0 - Introduction NExT Copyright, 2003 5

 Case Studies
That May Be Used
This Week

1. North America – Mature Gas Reservoir – Dolomite

2. South America – Developing Gas Reservoir –

Poorly Consolidated Sandstone

3. South China Sea – Reservoir Performance – Heavy

Oil – Carbonate Reservoir

4. Central America – Fractured Dolomite – Mature

Oil Reservoir

5. North Sea – Reservoir Exploitation

QuickScan Analysis

6. Special topics will use data from the Caspian Sea,

The Netherlands, Gulf of Mexico and North America

Chapter 0 - Introduction NExT Copyright, 2003 6

 Proposed Class
Schedule

1. Monday - 8:30 – 5:00

2. Tuesday - 8:30 – 5:00

3. Wednesday - 8:30 – 5:00

4. Thursday - 8:30 – 5:00

5. Friday - 8:30 – 4:30

Chapter 0 - Introduction NExT Copyright, 2003 7

 Table of Contents

Chapter Topic
0 Welcome and class schedule
1 Overview of the integration process
2 12 Summary Steps for “QuickScan”
3 Rock Types – Tools and Methods
4 Winland Tools and Method
5 Case Study – Applied Rock Types
6 Porosity and Core Analysis
7 Capillary Pressure and Rock Types
8 Clays and Pore Geometry
9 Capillary Modeling and Rock Types
10 Case Study – Applied Rock Types
11 Flow Units
12 Relative Permeability
13 Introduction to Log Based Rock Types
14 Exercise: Rock Types, Winland Eq. & Flow Units
15 Exercise: Mercury Injection – Capillary Pressure
16 Exercise: Facies Workshop
17 Exercise: HPMI – Identify bad data

Chapter 0 - Introduction NExT Copyright, 2003 8

 Schedule for the Week
NExT Training Integrated Reservoir Analysis
Instructor: Ken Wolgemuth 5-Day Course
Day Morning (8:30 - 12:00) Afternoon (1:00 - 5:00)
Welcome and schedule Cpt 2: 12 Summary Steps for "QuickScan"
Cpt 1: Intro - Why we teach Rock Types and Cpt 3: Rock Types - Tools and Methods
Flow Units Cpt 4: Winland Tools and Methods
Mon Discussion: Is it a Reservoir? Excel 1: Initial Estimate of Rock Types (Cpt 14a)
Discussion: Integrated Teams
Case Study: Caspian Sea

Excel 2: Build a Winland Calculator (Cpt 14b) Excel 4: Percent Rock Type Exercise (Cpt 14d)
Excel 3: Build Winland Iso-Pore Throat Cpt 6: Porosity and Core Analysis
Radius (Cpt 14c)
Tue Discussion: Results and Observation of Excel
work
Cpt 5: Case Study of a Mature Field - Dolomite

Cpt 7: Capillary Pressure and Rock Types Excel 6: Mercury Injection - Capillary Pressure
Excel 5: Build Stratigraphic Modified Lorenz Plot (Cpt 15)
(SMLP) and build SMLP with Depth (Cpt 14e)
Wed Cpt 8: Clays and Pore Geometry

Cpt 9: Capillary Modeling Cpt 11: Case Study - Flow Units of Stone Field
Cpt 10: Case Study - Poorly Consolidated Sand - Workshop: Facies and Rock Types (Cpt 16)
Trinidad Group Discussion & Presentation of Results
Thu

Cpt 12: Introduction to Relative Permeability Cpt 13: Introduction of Rock Types from Log
Exercise: HPMI for Rock Types-Identify the Measurements
bad data (Cpt 17) Course Wrapup and Review
Fri

Chapter 0 - Introduction NExT Copyright, 2003 9