APPLICATIONS

OF FLUID
MECHANICS
BY-VISHU SHARMA
 INTRODUCTION TO FLUID
MECHANICS
• Fluid mechanics is the branch
of physics that studies the
mechanics of fluids (liquids,
gases, and plasmas) and the
forces on them.
• It models matter from a
macroscopic viewpoint rather
than from microscopic.
BROAD CLASSIFICATION
 WHAT IS FLUID. HOW IS IT
DIFFERENT FROM SOLIDS?
• A fluid is a substance that deforms
continuously under the application of
a shear (tangential) stress no matter
how small the shear stress may be
• The amount of deformation of the
solid depends on the solid’s modulus
of rigidity. The rate of deformation of
the fluid depends on the fluid’s
viscosity μ.
 BASIC LAWS GOVERNING
FLUID MECHANICS
• 1. The conservation of mass and
energy
• 2. Newton’s second law of motion
• 3. The principle of angular
momentum
• 4. The first law of thermodynamics
• 5. The second law of thermodynamics
 SCOPE OF FLUID MECHANICS
• Design of canal and dam systems
• Design of turbomachinery
• Design of and piping and ducting
used in the water , HVAC systems and
process engineering
• Aerodynamics of automobiles
,airplanes and large buildings
• Weather forecasting……
 AREAS OF
APPLICATIONS
 FLUID AS COOLANTS

• POWER PLANTS
• ENGINES
• ELECTRONICS
• MACHINING PROCESS
 WHATS NEW?
Ordinary coolants like air, water,
mineral oils, and other organic liq have
low heat transfer characteristics

NANOFLUIDS AS COOLANTS

• engineered colloidal suspensions of

nanoparticles in a base fluid
• Enhanced thermal conductivity and
heat transfer coefficient
 AERODYNAMICS
AIR FLOW PATTERN OVER STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN
WINGS OF AIRCRAFT HIGH SPEED TRAINS
AIRFLOW OVER LARGE BUILDINGS
 DEVELOPMENTS?
The Blended Wing-
AIRBUS-A380 Body Aircraft. X-48B
prototype in the full-
scale NASA tunnel
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
A-WIND POWER B- WAVE POWER
WIND TURBINE
WAVE ENERGY CONVERTOR
(WEC)
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

HUMAN HEART ARTIFICIAL HEART

 SMART FLUIDS
• A smart fluid is a fluid whose
properties (for example the viscosity)
can be changed by applying an
electric field or a magnetic field

• MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL (MR)
AND ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL
FLUIDS (ER)
• FERROFLUID
 STRUCTURES
MR AND ER FERROFLUID
 MR AND ER
• suspension of
the automobile
• reduce
vibration in
washing
machines ACs
compressors,
rockets and
satellites
• seismic
dampers used
in buildings
• as bulletproof
vests
MEMS
• tiny gas-turbine
engines made of
silicon ranging in
size from a
micrometer to a
millimeter
• “lab-on-a-chip”
technology,
immediate point-of
care diagnosis of
diseases, such as
real-time detection
of bacteria, viruses,
and cancers
• as a thruster
FERROFLUID
mechanism
• form liquid
seals around
the spinning
drive shafts in
hard disks
• magnetic drug
targeting
(hyperthermia)
• enhanced
contrast agent
in magnetic
resonance
imaging (MRI).
 SHARK SKIN IN SWIM SUITS
These denticles
are nature’s
way of reducing
drag on the
shark.
Athletes in
competitive
sports are using
technology
• reduce drag in
key areas of
the body
• eliminate most
of the fabric
vibration
THANK YOU