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Key Check 5:
Sufficient nutrients
from tillering to early
panicle initiation and
flowering
Part 1: Understanding the PalayCheck System
Nutrient facts
Nutrients are what plants need to
grow and become productive.
Proper nutrient management
improves crop growth and yield.
Rice plants grow and respond
better to fertilizer when there is
more sunlight.
Of all nutrient elements, rice
plants need more of the following
macronutrients: N, P, K, Zn, S
Why do rice plants need fertilizers?
Nutrient inputs as fertilizers fill
the gap between crop need and
Climate indigenous supply.
N-P-K
Organic fert
Crop residues
Inorganic
Soil fertilizer
Irrigation water
Indigenous
nutrient supply
Sufficient nutrients from
tillering to early panicle initiation (EPI) and flowering
ensures good and uniform growth,
panicle development, and
attainment of yield potential
nutrients are
needed to
produce many
more
tillers, panicles
panicles, increased and filled
more yield from for uniform
grains
grains many tillers maturity
and panicles
Assessment of Key Check 5
Applied N fertilizer at
tillering to EPI and
flowering if leaf color
chart (LCC) reading
is below 4 for
transplanted and
below 3 for direct
wet-seeded rice.
10 hills
Assessment of Key Check 5
For direct wet-seeded rice
Achieved at least 350 panicles/m2 at
flowering stage.
Minus-One Element
Technique Nutrient Omission Plot
Minus-One Element Technique
A pot experiment to determine the
nutrients deficient in the soil.
a computer-based
decision tool
software providing
field-specific nutrient
management
guidelines for rice
Consider this!
Aside from nutrient deficiency, consider
mineral toxicity in deciding on the nutrients
to apply.
Toxicity can occur when
minerals exist in a form that
becomes harmful to plants.
Right amount
• too much nutrients may increase pest
damage
• lack of nutrients may lead to slower growth
of seedlings, fewer number of tillers, and
lighter grain weight
Right timing
• wrong timing of fertilizer application
increases input cost and decreases
efficiency in nutrient uptake
NITROGEN
Deficiency symptoms:
Stunted, yellowish
plants. Older leaves or
whole plants are
yellowish green.
NITROGEN
Kind
Nitrogen (N) promotes
rapid growth for:
•increased plant height
and number of tillers
•increased leaf size
•spikelet number per
panicle
•percentage filled
spikelets in each panicle
•grain protein content
NITROGEN
Amount
Too much N particularly between panicle initiation and
flowering makes the plant prone to lodging and pests.
Organic
PHOSPHORUS
Deficiency symptoms:
Stunted dark green
plants with narrow,
short, very erect leaves
and greatly reduced
tillering.
PHOSPHORUS
Kind
Phosphorus (P)
promotes tillering, root
development, early
flowering, and ripening.
Lack in phosphorus
causes thin stems and
retarded development.
The number of leaves,
panicles, and grains per
panicle are also reduced.
PHOSPHORUS
Amount
Use results of MOET test and Nutrient Manager as
basis in properly determining the amount of P to apply.
Timing
PHOSPHORUS
(Basal)
Organic
POTASSIUM
Deficiency symptoms:
Dark green plants with
yellowish brown leaf
margins or dark brown
necrotic spots first
appear on the tip of
older leaves.
POTASSIUM
Kind
Potassium (K) improves root
growth and plant vigor and helps
prevent lodging. It also enhances
crop resistance to pests and
diseases.
K deficiency is often not detected
because its symptoms do not
appear until the later growth stages
and are not as easy to recognize
as that of N deficiency.
POTASSIUM
Amount
Use results of MOET test and Nutrient Manager as
basis in properly determining the amount of K to apply.
Timing
POTASSIUM
(Basal)
Organic fert
ZINC
Deficiency
symptoms: Dusty
brown spots on upper
leaves of stunted
plants appearing 2-4
weeks after
transplanting
ZINC
Kind
Zinc (Zn) promotes good seedling and overall growth
of plants.
Zn deficiency problem
must be corrected to
attain high yields. In Zn-
deficient soils, NPK
fertilizers alone cannot
provide good yield
unless Zn deficiency is
corrected.
ZINC
Amount
Apply 25 kg zinc sulfate per ha at 14 DAT once
a year during DS.
Sulfur (S)
promotes uniform
growth and
maturity.
SULFUR
Amount
The amount of sulfur in 14-14-14-12S (12% sulfur) as
recommended to treat P and K deficiencies is adequate
to correct usual sulfur deficiency.
Organic
In summary…
OUTPUTS
• Sufficient nutrients during tillering
to early panicle initiation and
flowering
OUTCOME
• Good yield
Let’s review!
Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium Zinc Sulfur
Matching game
N def Fe toxicity
S def
Zn def
P def K def
Note:
Adapted from powerpoint presentations developed by:
Ms. Evelyn F. Javier, Mr. Salvador Yabes; Engr. Eugenio
Castro, IRRI; Dr. Manny Regalado