M

SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

EAP 315/3 - WASTEWATER ENGINEERING

WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT DESIGN

MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM BIN NOOR ALSHURDIN

MATRIC NO : 133419
DATE OF SUBMISSION : 13 DISEMBER 2018
LECTURER : PROFESSOR HAMIDI BIN ABDUL AZIZ

Design Data :

DATA UNITS POPULATION EQUIVALENT PE

(per unit)
Bungalow 50 5 250
Semi-detached house 100 5 500
Double storey terrace 300 5 1500
Single storey terrace 500 5 2500
Mosque (500 people) 500 0.2 100
Wet market (no. of stall ) 10 3 30
Dry market (no. of stall) 10 1 10
Total PE: 4890

BOD5 influents : 250 mg/L

0.25 kg/m3

Suspended Solids (SS) influent : 300 mg/L

0.3 kg/m3

Solution:
FLOW DESIGN -> ORGANIC LOAD -> PIPE DESIGN -> PRIMARY SCREEN -> PUMP STATION -> SECONDARY SCREEN -

-> GRIT/GREASE REMOVER -> BALANCING TANK -> ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTRACTOR (RBC) -> FINAL SEDIMENTATION - > SLUDGE TREATMENT

FLOW DESIGN:

Population Equivalent, p = 4890 PE

Water Consumotion Rate, q = 225 Litre/capita.day
0.225 m3/capita.day

Dry weather flow, DWF = q*p

= 1100.25 m3/day
0.01273 m3/s

P = 4.89

Peak factor, Fpeak = 4.7P-0.11

= 3.94706

Qpeak = Fpeak*DWF
= 4342.75 m3/day
= 0.05026 m3/s

Qmin = DWF/Fpeak
= 278.752 m3/day
= 0.00323 m3/s

ORGANIC LOAD:

O.L for BOD = Qpeak*BOD5

= 1085.69 kg/capita.day

O.L for SS = Qpeak*SS

1302.83 kg/capita.day

PIPE DESIGN:

Assumption Data:
Sewerage Type = cast iron where,
Manning's coefficient, n = 0.013 (cast iron) d = actual depth of sewage
sewerage slope,S = 1/600 = 0.00167 D = diameter of the sewerage
water flow = 70% q = actual flow rate of sewage at 70% full
d/D = 0.7 Qfull = Manning's flow rate at 100%
v = actual velocity of sewage at 70% full
Vfull = Manning's velocity at 100%
R = D/4
From Manning chart,
q/Qfull = 0.85
v/Vfull = 1.14

q = Qpeak
= 0.05026

hence, Qfull = Qpeak/0.85

= 0.05913

Size of sewer:
Q = (1/n)*(A)*(R^(3/2))*(S^(1/2))

Q = Qfull
0.059133 = �
(1/0.013)*( /D^2)*((D/4)^(2/3))*((0.001667)^(1/2))
D^8/3 = 0.050263/0.9788
D = 0.34908 m
Try, D = 0.85 m (standard size cast iron pipe)

Velocity at full flow (Manning):

Vfull = (1/n)*(R^(2/3))*(S^(1/2))
= 1.11829 m/s (full flow)

check self-cleaning velocities at Qmax and Qmin:

at maximum flow,
v/Vfull = 1.14
v = Vfull*1.14
= 1.27485 m/s [0.8m/s < v < 4.0m/sPass!

at minimum flow, DIAMETER OF PIPE DESIGN

q = Qmin
q/Qfull = 0.05456
D=0.85m
from Manning Chart, d=0.595m
d/D = 0.19
v/Vfull = 0.55

v = Vfull*(v/Vfull)
= 0.61506 m/s [0.6m/s < v < 1.0m/sPass!

PRIMARY SCREEN:

Design Requirement:
PE ≤ 5000 ,
Manual raked primary screen

Data:
(from table 4.10:Design parameter for primary screens)
Peak or Maximum Flow Rate, Qp = 0.050263 m3/s
Maximum clear spacing = 25 mm
Maximum flow through velocity at the screen face, V = 1 m/s
Width of blade, B = 10 mm
Size of opening (interval between blade), S = 25 mm
asumed Depth at Vmax, D = 0.6 m
Estimated volume of screenings per volume of waste water = 30 m3/10^6 m3

Width of the screen chamber,

Wo = [(B + S)/S]*[F/(VD)]
= 0.11728 m 117.281 mm

Number of blades needed,

Number of blades = Wo/(B+S)
= 3.35089
≈ 4

New Width of the screen chamber, PRIMARY SCREEN

W = Number of blades*(B+S) S = 25 mm B = 10 mm
= 140 mm

Quantity of Screenings,
Total volume of wastewater(7 days) = Qp(7days)
= 30399 m3

10^6 m3 wastewater produce 30 m3 of screening, D = 0.5

hence,
30399.28 m3 of wastewater produce, = 0.91198 m3 of screenings

Dimension of tank, W = 0.175m

Assume:

Length, L 2
Ratio (L : W)
Width, W 1
Depth, D 1.0 m (Including freeboard)

Therefore,
2x²*(1m) = 0.9120 DESIGN OF THE PRIMARY SCREEN STORAGE TANK
x = 0.68 D = 2m

Width, W = 0.68 m

Thus, D = 1.0m
Length, L = 2W
= 2*0.68
= 1.35 m

W = 0.68 m

L = 1.35 m

PUMP STATION DESIGN:

Design requirement:
PE ≤ 5000 ,
Wet well pump station

Data:
(From table 4.11: Recommended design parameters for inlet pump station)
Number of pumps (all identical and work sequentiall = 2 (1 duty, 1 standby ;100%standby)
Pumps design flow (for pump sizing) = each at Qpeak
Maximum detention time at Qave = 30 min
Min pass through openings = 70 mm
Minimum suction and discharge opening = 100 mm
Pumping cycle (average flow conditions ) = 6 min start/hour
= 15 max
Lifting device = Lifting davit

Qp = 3.0158 m3/min

Volume, V = Qp*30
= 90.474 m3

Assumption data

Tank depth, D = 1 m
Length : Width = 3:1

Therefore,

(3x)(x)(1) = 90.47405
3x² = 90.47405
x = 5.491631
x ≈ 5.5 PUMP STATION

Width, W = 5.5 m

Thus, D = 1m
Length, L = 3W
= 3*5.5
= 16.5

Vactual = L*W*D W = 5.5m

= 16.5*5.5*1 L = 16.5m
= 90.75 m3

Checking the retention time, t :

t = Vactual/ Qp
= 30 ≤ 30 min acceptable

SECONDARY SCREEN DESIGN:

Design Requirement:
PE ≤ 5000 ,
Manual raked secondary screen

Data:
(from table 4.13:Design parameter for primary screens)
Peak or Maximum Flow Rate, Qp = 0.050263 m3/s
Maximum clear spacing = 12 mm
Maximum flow through velocity at the screen face, V = 1 m/s
Width of blade, B = 20 mm
Size of opening (interval between blade), S = 12 mm
asumed Depth at Vmax, D = 0.6 m
Slope to vertical = 45 degree
Screening skip storage capacity = 7 days
(Obtained from Figure 4.12:Screening chart)
Screening of Sewage = 48 m3/10^6 m3

Width of the screen chamber,

Wo = [(B + S)/S]*[F/(VD)]
 = 0.22339 m 223.393 mm

Number of blades needed,

Number of blades = Wo/(B+S)
= 6.98102
≈ 7

New Width of the screen chamber, SECONDARY SCREEN

W = Number of blades*(B+S) S = 12 mm B = 20 mm
= 224 mm

Quantity of Screenings,
Total volume of wastewater(7 days) = Qp(7days)
= 30399 m3

10^6 m3 wastewater produce 48 m3 of screening, D = 0.6

hence,
30399.28 m3 of wastewater produce, = 1.45917 m3 of screenings

Dimension of tank, W = 0.224m

Assume:

Length, L 2
Ratio (L : W)
Width, W 1
Depth, D 1.0 m (Including freeboard)

Therefore,
2x²*(1m) = 1.4592 DESIGN OF THE SECONDARY SCREEN STORAGE TANK
x = 0.85 D = 2m

Width, W = 0.85 m

Thus, D = 1.0m
Length, L = 2W
= 2*0.85
= 1.71 m

W = 0.85 m

L = 1.71 m

GRIT/GREASE REMOVER DESIGN:

Design Requirement:
PE ≤ 5000 ,
Duty Manual 1 unit @ design flow
Chamber type; Horizontal flow (2 unit required for duty and stanby during cleaning) vortex also acceptable

Data:
(from table 4.14:Design parameter for Grit removal system)

Design flow, Qpeak = 0.050263 m3/s

Minimum detention time (Q peak) = 3 min
Maximum gravity flow through velocity = 0.2 m/s
Head loss ( at parshall flume) = 35% of depth
Chamber dimension: =
Depth : width = 1 :2
Length : width 2 :1
Estimated grit quantity = 0.03 m3/10^3 m3
Washing and dewatering of grit = No

Qp = 3.0158 m3/min

V = Qp*t
= 9.0474 m3

Assumption data:

Set tank depth = 0.5x

Width, W = x
Length, L = 2x
volume,V = 2x*x*0.5x
= x3

x3 = 9.0474 m3
x = 2.08373 m
≈ 2.1 m

So,
GRIT CHAMBER
tank depth, D = 1.05 m
width, W = 2.1 m
length, L = 4.2 m

D = 1.05m
Volume of the Grit Chamber, Vdesign = 1.05*2.1*4.2
= 9.261 m3

W = 2.1
As = L*W
= 8.82 m2 L = 4.2m

Ah = W*D
= 2.205 m2

Checking:

Surface Loading Rate (SLR) = Q p / As

= 492.376 m³/m².day < 1500, OK

Horizontal velocity, Vh = Q p / Ah
= 1969.5 m/day
= 0.0228 m/s < 0.2, OK

Retention Time for the chamber,

= Vdesign/Qpeak
= 3.07083 min t > 3 min (Acceptable)

BALANCING TANKS DESIGN:

Data & Design requirement:

(The design based on Table 4.16 : Design Parameters for balancing Tanks)
Description Unit Design criteria
Volume of tanks m3 1.5 hr detention at Q peak
Mixing power requirements W/m 3 of sewage 5 at TWL
Aeration m3 air/hour/m 3 sewage 1 m3 of air supply for every m 3 of sewage stored per hour
Overflow bypass to down stream unit - Yes
requirement

Qp = 180.948 m3/hours

V = Qp*t
= 271.422 m3

Assumption data:

Set tank depth = 3 m

Width, W = x
Length, L = 3x
volume,V = 3*x*3x
= 9x2

9x2 = 271.422 m3
x = 5.49163 m DESIGN OF THE BALANCING TANKS
≈ 5.5 m

So,

tank depth, D = 3 m D=4

width, W = 5.5 m
length, L = 16.5 m

Volume of the Balancing tank, Vdesign = 3*5.5*16.5 W = 5.5

= 272.25 m3 L = 16.5

As = L*W
= 90.75 m2

Ah = W*D
= 16.5 m2

Checking:

Surface Loading Rate (SLR) = Q p / As

= 47.854 m³/m².day

Horizontal velocity, Vh = Q p / Ah
= 0.00305 m/s

Detention Time for the tank, t = Vdesign/Qpeak

= 1.50458 min t > 1.5hours (Acceptable)

Power requirement = Volume tank x Power

= 272.25*5
= 1361.25 W
= 1.36125 KW

ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTRACTOR (RBC) DESIGN:

Data & Design requirement:

(The design based on Table 5.6 : Design Parameters for balancing Tanks)
Minimum number of stages = 3
Total BOD5, Organic Loading (O.L)1 = 5 -10 g/m2.day
Total tank volume2 = Based on 2 hrs at Qave
Sludge yield = 0.9 kg excess sludge/kg BOD5 consumed
Disc diameter = 2.5 - 3.5 m
Speed of rotation = 0.5 - 1.0 rev/min
Maximum peripheral velocity = 0.3 m/s
The depth of disc submergence = 40 - 90 %
DWF = 1100.25 m3/day
Radius of media, r = 2.5 m
BOD5 = 0.25 kg/m3
Assumed disc submerged = 50 %
Length of shaft, h = 20 m
Number of disc per m = 20 pcs
Number of stages = 3 series

Organic Loading (O.L),

Surface area of medium, A = (pi)r^2(no. of disc per m)(length of shaft) (2 side of disc)(number of stage)
= 47124 m2

O.L = DWF*BOD/A
= 0.00584kg/m2.day
= 5.83701 g/m2.day 5 < O.L < 10 (Acceptable)

Deptth, D = Diameter of media*percent submerged ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTRACTOR

= 2.5 m
Width, W = Diameter of media
= 5m
Length, L = Length if shaft
= 20 m D = 2.5 m

Volume of the RBC tank, Vdesign = 2.5*5*20

= 250 m3

For 3 series,
W=5 m
Retemtion time, t = (Number of stages*Vdesign)/DWF L = 20 m
= 0.68166 day
= 16.3599 hours

FINAL SEDIMENTATION TANK DESIGN:

Data & Design requirement:

Rectangular tank
(The design based on Table 5.10: Design Parameters for Secondary Clarifiers)
Description Unit Design Criteria
PE < 5000
Minimum number of tank - 2
Tank configuration - Rectangular
Minimum side water depth m 3
Minimum hydraulic retention time ( HRT ) at Qpeak hours 2
Surface overflow rate at Qpeak m3/d/m 2 ≤ 30
Solids loading rate at Q peak kg/d/m2 < 150
Solids loading rate at Q avg kg/d/m2 < 50
Weir loading rate at Q peak m3/d/m < 180

Qp = 4342.75 m3/day
Qavg = 1100.25 m3/day

Assumption data:
L:W = 2 :1
Depth, D = 3m
Retention time = 2 hours

Retention time,
t = V/Qp
V = t*Qp FINAL SEDIMENTATION TANK
= 361.896 m3

V = W*2W*D
6W^2 = 361.896
W = 7.76634 m
≈ 7.8 m
D = 3m
L = 3W
= 23.4 m
tank depth, D = 3 m W = 7.8m
width, W = 7.8 m
length, L = 23.4 m L = 23.4m

Checking:

Surface overflow rate,

SOR = Qp/(W*L)
= 23.7933 m3/m2.day <30 (Acceptable)

Solid loading Rate at Qpeak, SLR,

SLR = (Qp*MLSS)/As
= 71.3799 kg/m2.day <150 (Acceptable)

Solid loading Rate at Qavg, SLR,

SLR = (Qavg*MLSS)/As
= 18.0843 kg/m2.day <50 (Acceptable)

Weir loading rate, WLR

WLR = Qp/W
= 556.763 m3/m2.day >180 (not Acceptable)

hence, apply 5 layer of weir, each at 9 m

new WLR = Qp/(W*no. of apply layer)

= 111.353 m3/m2.day <180 (Acceptable)

Sludge disposal,

%SS = 60 %
= 0.6

SS = 0.3 kg/m3

Dry mass of sludge produced = DWF*SS*%SS

= 198.045 kg/day

SLUDGE TREATMENT DESIGN:

(Recommended Design Parameters for Sludge Stabilisation and Dewatering)

Descriptions Unit Design Considerations for PE > 2,000 Reference
Hydraulic Retention Time, t days 30 Guideline Book
Minimum Dry Solids % 20
Maximum Continuous Feed day 7
Depth of tank, D m 0.3 Assume
Sludge Density, ρs kg /m3 1030
Tank Dimension (L:W) 3.: 1
Weight of Sludge at Primary Tank kg/day 198.045 Calculated

Total Weight of Sludge = Weight of Dry Sludge at Final Sedimentation Tank

= 198.045 kg/day

Flow of Sludge, Qs = Total Dry Weight of Sludge / Sludge Density

= 0.1923 m 3/day

Volume of Sludge at 30 days = Flow of Sludge * Time

= 5.7683 m 3

DESIGN OF THE SLUDGE DRYING BED

Dimension of Tank,

Length : Width = 3:1

Depth = 0.3 m
D = 0.3m
3x * 1x * 0.3 = Volume
0.9x2 = 5.768
x2 = 6.409
x = 2.53

Width, W = 2.53 W = 2.53 m

Length, L = 3x L = 7.59 m
= 7.59

New Volume of Sludge Drying Bed = L*W*D

= 5.768 m3