NEW AND RESTRUCTURED

POST-GRADUATE CURRICULA & SYLLABI

Education Division
Indian Council of Agricultural Research
New Delhi
April 2009
SOCIAL SCIENCES
Agri-Business Management
Agricultural Economics
Agricultural Extension
Contents
Page(s)
Executive Summary 3-4
BSMAC Composition 5
Preamble 6-9
Organization of Course Contents & Credit Requirements 10
Agri-Business Management 11-37
Course Structure at a Glance 11
Course Contents 12
List of Journals 37
e-Resources 37
Agricultural Economics 38-65
Course Structure at a Glance 38
Course Contents 39
List of Journals 64
e-Resources 64
Suggested Broad Topics for Master s and Doctoral Research 65
Agricultural Extension 66-94
Course Structure at a Glance 68
Course Contents 69
List of Journals 89
e-Resources 89
Suggested Broad Topics for Master s and Doctoral Research 90
Compulsory Non Credit Courses 91-95
Acknowledgement 96
2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In Social Sciences Group, the course structure and course contents have been dev
eloped
for three programmes namely Agri-Business Management, Agricultural Economics, an
d
Agricultural Extension. Agri-business programme has been introduced for the very
first time,
while Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Extension programmes have been giv
en new life
by adding new courses and updating the others in tune with the changing time and
future needs.
Agri-Business Management
This, in true sense, is a job oriented programme. This will open new vistas for
young
agricultural graduates. They will find job opportunity in public and private sec
tor companies on
the one hand and on the other hand they may feel encouraged and equipped to star
t their own
ventures.

The programme provides ample job opportunities at managerial, executive and offi
cer
levels in both private and public sector undertakings.
This programme will also prepare students to start their on ventures.
Besides updating and inclusion of core courses from management stream, applied c
ourses
have been developed to take care of needs of various industries and stakeholders
in
agricultural sector.
The provision of compulsory Summer Training/Industrial attachment will provide
practical exposure of real life situations to students
In order to help the students, Course objectives and Suggested readings have als
o been
provided for each course.
List of Journals have also been given to keep pace with latest developments in t
he area.
As this is a professional course; Guest lectures, Case Studies, Business Games,
Role Plays,
Exercises, Projects, Assignments, Presentations and Discussions etc.; are sine-q
ua-non for the
programme. For this, proper infrastructure, trained teachers, computers with int
ernet connections,
industrial linkages, guest lectures, industrial tours and plant visits will be r
equired.
Agricultural Economics
In the area of Agricultural Economics an effort has been made to retain relevant
core concepts
and principles of Economics and Agricultural Economics as such. However, new top
ics and also
new courses have been added to infuse new blood in the area.

All the courses have been designed/redesigned/updated as per present and future
needs.
New courses have been introduced to keep pace with the latest developments.
In order to help the students, Course objectives and Suggested readings have als
o been
provided for each course.
List of Journals have been provided to keep pace with latest developments in the
area.
Suggested Areas of Research have also been added for providing directions to fut
ure
researches in the area
This programme also requires proper infrastructure, trained teachers, and comput
ers with
internet connections. Industrial linkages, guest lectures, industry and farm vis
its will also be
required to provide real life exposure.
3
Agricultural Extension
In order to keep pace with changing time and future needs, the courses in this a
rea also have
been redesigned and updated.

New courses have been introduced to keep pace with the latest developments.
In order to help the students, Course objectives and Suggested readings have als
o been
provided for each course.
List of Journals have also been given to keep pace with latest developments in t
he area.
Suggested Areas of Research have also been added for providing directions to fut
ure
researches in the area
This programme also requires proper infrastructure, trained teachers, and comput
ers with
internet connections. Equipment, Expert/Guest lectures, industry and farm and vi
llage visits will
also be required to provide real life exposure to the students.
4
BSMA Committee on Social Sciences
(Economics/Dairy Econ/Agri. Mkt, Bank & Coop/Agri. Extn. Edu./Comm. Dev./Agri. B
usiness)
(Constituted by ICAR vide Office order No. F. No. 13 (1)/2007- EQR dated January
14, 2008)
Name Address Specialization
Dr. M. Sudarshan Reddy
Convener
Dean, College of Agriculture, Acharya NG
Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendra
Nagar, Hyderabad
Agricultural
Extension
Dr. K.A. Ponnusamy Professor, Directorate of Extension, Tamil
Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
Agricultural
Extension
Dr. Deepak De Professor, Institute of Agricultural Sciences,
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Agricultural
Extension
Dr. R.L. Shiyani Professor, Junagarh Agricultural University,
Junagarh
Economics
Dr Rekha Bhagat Head, Division of Agricultural Extension,
Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New
Delhi
Agricultural
Extension
Dr. D.K. Marothia Professor, KIITs University, Bhubaneshwar Economics
Dr. V.P.S. Arora Dean, College of Agri-business Management,
GB Pant University of Agriculture &
Technology, Pantnagar
Agribusiness
Dr. Rais Ahmad Chairman, Dept. of Agriculture Economics &
Business Management, Aligarh Muslim
University, Aligarh
Agribusiness
Dr. N Raveendaran Professor, Centre for Agricultural & Rural
Development Studies, Tamil Nadu
Agriculture University, Coimbatore
Agribusiness
Dr Atul Dhingra
Member Secretary
Prof. & Head, Dept. of Business
Management, CCS HAU Hisar
Agribusiness
5
PREAMBLE

As we advance toward the future, our entire society is changing in a changing gl

obal
context. Major institutions, including government, industry and finance, are see
king ways to
change and restructure in a manner that will increase their flexibility and effe
ctiveness in this
climate of change. Change in educational system is also must to keep pace with t
he changes and
developments in all walks of life and also because education is often pointed to
as the key sector
of society that can prepare us for this new world and ensure our success.
Agricultural education must also be modernized and strengthened for anticipating
and
managing changes that are taking place all around us and especially in agricultu
re sector. No
doubt that agriculture sector in India has witnessed phenomenal strides over the
last fifty years.
From acute food shortages we have moved towards food sufficiency. However, durin
g the past
few years, there has been a steady decline in the overall agricultural growth ra
te, leading to a
situation of worrisome depletion in reserve food stocks, with resultant emergent
imports to keep
the food stocks at desired levels.
Over the years, other issues like degradation and depletion of natural resources
, falling
productivity and efficiency of inputs, climate change, growing importance of bio
-fuels, rise in
global food prices and globalization of trade and markets have also emerged and
became
important.
Employment opportunities also, especially in the public sector, are drying up fa
ster than
the rate of turnover of post graduates in agriculture. While the number of jobs
in private sector is
on the rise, but there are several questions on the quality, measured in terms o
f necessary
knowledge and skill portfolio, of post graduates to fill those positions. In ord
er to deal with these
problems there is a need to modernize and strengthen agricultural education espe
cially at post
graduate levels. Modern Agriculture education must provide for Sustainable devel
opment of
agriculture and must equip the learners to anticipate and manage various changes
like climate
change, depletion of native resources, disasters, economic issues, and most impo
rtantly human
well-being. Therefore, there is a need to develop human resources through educat
ion and training
that are sensitive to problems of Indian agriculture and should also be able to
offer necessary
solutions. This will require strengthening of basic infrastructure of agricultur
al education
institutions, revising and updating course curricula incorporating present and f
uture needs,
efficient and effective delivery, and reorienting postgraduate research in real
life subjects.
All this will be possible by taking a number of steps in the right direction tha
t may include
preparing post graduates for modern day jobs especially in private sector; reori
enting post
6
graduate research on relevant issues rather than continuing with routine, worn o
ut and merry-goround
topics; greater emphasis on and exposure to new skill and research areas such as
:
agribusiness and entrepreneurship, natural resources management; training and re
training of
faculty; minimization of inbreeding to make room for entry of fresh air from outsi
de; less
emphasis on traditional way of classroom teaching and more practical real life e
xposure.
In light of above mentioned issues and concerns, courses and programmes in the f
ield of
social sciences must also be overhauled for increasing employability of post gra
duates and
preparing them for global competitiveness without compromising farmers and farmin
g needs at
one end and consumers needs on the other.
Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) over the years has introduced vit
al
reforms in Agricultural education for improving its quality, relevance and unifo
rmity across the
country. Moving in the same direction, ICAR, constituted a National Core Group (
NCG)
consisting of 12 eminent academicians, renowned agricultural scientists and dist
inguished
extension specialists led by Dr. J. C. Katyal, Vice Chancellor, CCS Haryana Agri
cultural
University, Hisar to redefine names of courses and accordingly re-script Curricu
la of Masters and
Ph. D. programmes for uniformity and modernity; and to revise corresponding syll
abi for further
strengthening from the point of employability, responsiveness to existing and em
erging concerns
of farmers and farming and country s development goals and international commitmen
ts and
obligations. In pursuance of this mandate, NCG created 18 Broad Subject Matter A
rea
Committees (BSMAC). Interconnectivity of diverse courses, closeness of syllabi,
convenience of
available faculty and proximity of common teaching and learning facilities were
the major
considerations of broad subject matter groupings.
Each BSMAC comprised of about 10 eminent subject-matter specialists/academicians
who were authorized to revise and rewrite the PG course curricula for their subj
ect domains. Each
BSMAC organized three to four meetings and interacted with other experts and oth
er
stakeholders in the relevant field before arriving at decisions on strengthening
and modernization
of the course curricula. Through a series of meetings and workshops with all the
stakeholders,
each BSMAC finalized the model course curricula for ICAR institutions/Agricultur
al universities
and other institutions.
The present document relates to Social Sciences area and is the outcome of delib
erations
and efforts of BSMAC (Social Sciences) members who toiled hard to develop course
structure
and syllabi of all the three disciplines, viz., Agri-business Management, Agricu
ltural Economics,
7
and Agricultural Extension in the meetings and workshop convened by it in the li
ght of above
mentioned issues. The opinions and suggestions were invited from institutions, e
minent
scientists, faculty members, students and other stakeholders. The entire syllabi
has been designed
on the basis of needs of industry, farmers, and government institutions; modern
research tools and
their applications; supplementary skills required; building global competitivene
ss; and
employability of students. Considerable efforts have, therefore, gone in for the
preparation of this
final document.
BSMAC (Social Sciences) along with other committees was created in January, 2008
. The
first meeting of conveners and member secretaries of all BSMAC was held on Febru
ary 14, 2008
at New Delhi. In this meeting format of course structure and course contents was
finalized. First
meeting of BSMAC (Social Sciences) was held on April 22-23, 2008 at ANGR Agricul
tural
University, Hyderabad. Prior to this meeting a sample draft of course curriculum
prepared at CCS
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar was sent to each member of BSMAC for givi
ng them
food for thought and enabling them to come prepared for the Hyderabad meeting. T
his first
sample draft was prepared by the faculty members of respective departments after
consulting the
syllabi of many agricultural and other universities both national and internatio
nal and also of
various national level institutions. In Hyderabad meeting three sub-groups namel
y Agricultural
Extension, Agricultural Economics and Agri-business Management were created. The
se subgroups
discussed the detailed course content and courses to be offered. The committee a
lso
involved faculty members of ANGR Agricultural University, Hyderabad in discussio
ns and
finalization of course contents. All members of BSMAC (Social Sciences) were giv
en the copy of
the syllabi prepared at Hyderabad and were requested to discuss it with the facu
lty, people from
industry, progressive farmers, and other stakeholders at their end for including
their viewpoints
and suggestions in the next meeting.
Next meeting of BSMAC sub group of Agricultural Economics and Agri-business
management was held on May 14-15, 2008 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Co
imbatore.
In this meeting syllabi related to Agri-business and Agricultural Economics were
finalized, after
detailed course wise discussions. Faculty members of respective departments of T
NAU,
Coimbatore were also involved in finalization of syllabi. A meeting of Agricultu
ral Extension sub
group was held on May 29, 2008 at ANGR Agricultural University, Hyderabad. The s
yllabi
related to Agricultural Extension were finalized in this meeting.
The draft document containing the syllabi and suggestions related to all three a
reas
namely, agri-business management, agricultural economics and agricultural extens
ion were
8
submitted to the Chairman, National Core Group. This document was then presented
in the
combined meeting of NCG and conveners and member secretaries of BSMAC on June 23
-24,
2008 at ICAR, New Delhi. The present document has been fine tuned after incorpor
ating the
suggestions that were given in above mentioned meeting
The present document has been divided into various parts. The document contains
a
preamble which provides an insight into the need for revision of course curricul
a and approach
adopted to prepare revised curricula. An executive summary has been provided whi
ch highlights
the salient features of course structures and syllabi. The core document has bee
n divided into four
parts which focus on course structure and contents of Agri-Business Management,
Agricultural
Economics, Agricultural Extension and also some Compulsory Non-Credit courses. T
he
course structure and course contents for Master and Doctoral degree programmes h
ave been
developed separately for each field. The objectives and suggested readings for e
ach course have
also been provided for helping the learners. Lists of journals, E-resources and
broad topics of
future researches have also been included for providing right directions to lear
ners. Last part of
the document contains appendices that include the proceedings of various BSMAC m
eetings
held at various places.
BSMAC (Social Sciences) sincerely hopes that this document will prove to be an a
sset for
teachers, learners, stakeholders and others, directly or indirectly interested i
n agricultural field
and agricultural education.
9
ORGANIZATION OF COURSE CONTENTS
&
CREDIT REQUIREMENTS

Code Numbers

All courses are divided into two series: 500-series courses pertain to Master s le
vel, and 600-series to
Doctoral level. A Ph. D. student must take a minimum of two 600 series courses,
but may also take
500-series courses if not studied during Master s programme.
Credit seminar for Master s level is designated by code no. 591, and the two semin
ars for Doctoral
level are coded as 691 and 692, respectively.
Similarly, 599 and 699 codes have been given for Master s research and Doctoral re
search,
respectively.
Course Contents
The contents of each course have been organized into:

Objective to elucidate the basic purpose.

Theory units to facilitate uniform coverage of syllabus for paper setting.
Suggested Readings to recommend some standard books as reference material. This
does not
unequivocally exclude other such reference material that may be recommended acco
rding to the
advancements and local requirements.
A list of journals pertaining to the discipline is provided at the end which may
be useful as study
material for 600-series courses as well as research topics.
E-Resources - for quick update on specific topics/events pertaining to the subje
ct.
Broad research topics provided at the end would facilitate the advisors for appr
opriate research
directions to the PG students.
Minimum Credit Requirements
Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Extension
Subject Master s programme Doctoral programme
Major 20 15
Minor 09 08
Supporting 05 05
Seminar 01 02
Research 20 45
Total Credits 55 75
Compulsory Non Credit Courses See relevant section
Major
subject:
The subject
(department
) in which
the students
takes
admission
Minor
subject:
The subject
closely related to students major subject (e.g., if the major subject is Entomol
ogy, the appropriate minor subjects
should be Plant Pathology & Nematology).
Supporting subject: The subject not related to the major subject. It could be an
y subject considered relevant for
student s research work.
Non-Credit Compulsory Courses: Please see the relevant section for details. Six
courses (PGS 501-PGS 506)
are of general nature and are compulsory for Master s programme. Ph. D. students m
ay be exempted from these
courses if already studied during Master s degree.
Agri-Business Management (MBA)
*
Core Courses 28
Seminar 01
Basic Supporting Courses 06
Project 10
Elective Courses 10-20
Compulsory Non-credit courses (Please see the relevant section)

*
Agri-Business curriculum may be linked with AICTE in respect of academic calenda
r,
minimum courses, credit hour requirements and other regulations
10
AGRI-BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Course Structure at a Glance
MBA (Agri-Business)
CODE COURSE TITLE CREDITS
Core Courses + Seminar Total 28+1
ABM 501 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR 3
ABM 502 AGRIBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT & POLICY 2
ABM 503 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS 3
ABM 504 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING AND CONTROL 2
ABM 505 COMMUNICATION FOR MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS 2
ABM 506 BUSINESS LAWS AND ETHICS 2
ABM 507 MARKETING MANAGEMENT 3
ABM 508 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 509 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 510 PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 511 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 3
ABM 512 PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEUSHIP DEVELOPMENT 2
ABM 591 MASTER S SEMINAR 1
ABM 595 SUMMER TRAINING/INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT** S/US
Basic Supporting (Compulsory) Total 6
ABM 513 COMPUTERS FOR MANAGERS 2
ABM 514 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 2
ABM 515 OPERATIONS RESEARCH 2
Project Total 10
ABM 599 PROJECT** 10
Elective Courses*** Total - Minimum 10, Maximum 20
ABM 516 RURAL MARKETING 2
ABM 517 AGRICULTURAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 518 FOOD TECHNOLOGY & PROCESSING MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 519 FERTILISER TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 520 MANAGEMENT OF AGRO-CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 2
ABM 521 FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 522 SEED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 523 TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT FOR LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS 2
ABM 524 FRUIT PRODUCTION & POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 525 FARM POWER & MACHINERY MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 526 INTERNATIONAL TRADE & SUSTAINABILITY GOVERNANCE 2
ABM 527 MANAGEMENT OF AGRI-BUSINESS CO-OPERATIVES 2
ABM 528 AGRIBUSINESS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 529 FOOD RETAIL MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 530 MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL INPUT MARKETING 2
ABM 531 FEED BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 532 AGRI-SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 533 MANAGEMENT OF VETERINARY HOSPITALS 2
ABM 534 POULTARY AND HATCHERY MANAGEMENT 2
ABM 535 MANAGEMENT OF FLORICULTURE AND LANDSCAPING 2
* The bifurcation of credit hours in theory, practical, tutorials etc. will be a
s per the need of the course and Institutes/Universities. In the
courses where practical are not provided / possible, tutorials will be required
(1 to 2 contact hours) depending on the course need to
take care of case discussions / presentations / role plays / business games
** To be completed in companies after the completion of 1st year (6-8 weeks) dur
ation
*** Elective courses will be offered to the students in 2nd year of the programm
e, subject to Minimum of 10 credits and maximum 20
credits. Institutions / Universities may club together similar elective courses
to form specialized elective areas.
11
AGRI-BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Course Contents

ABM 501 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL

BEHAVIOUR
Objective
To acquaint the learner with meaning and concepts of management and
organizational behaviour. Focus will be on understanding the concepts, processes
,
significance, and role of management and organizational behaviour.
Contents
UNIT I
Nature, Scope and Significance of Management, Evolution of Management
Thought, Approaches to Management, Functions of a Manager, Planning - Types,
Steps, Course Objective, Process, Strategies, Policies, MBO, Strategic Planning
Process, SWOT analysis, Organizing Structure & Process, Line Staff, Authority
& responsibility.
UNIT II
Staffing Selection process, Directing Training, Communication & motivation,
Controlling- Significance, Process, Techniques, Standards & Benchmarks,
Management Audit.
UNIT III
Nature, Scope and Significance of Organizational Behavior; Evolution and
Historical Background of Organizational Behavior; Models of Organizational
Behaviour Foundations of individual behaviour, Diversity, Micro Organizational
behavior - Personality, self-concept, self-esteem and Self-Efficacy; Attitudes,
Perception, Power types & structures.
UNIT IV
Motivation- Types of motivation. Theories of motivation, Applications of
motivation. Transactional analysis-Johari window-self fulfilling prophecy,
Interpersonal relations-understanding, determinants, and developing; leadership
styles and influence process; leadership theories; types of leaders, and effecti
ve
leader; group dynamics-, types of groups, group formation, Group decision
making, Team Building.
UNIT V
Organizational culture or climate-concept, dimensions, ethos, determinants;
organizational conflicts-concepts, sources, implications, and management;
organizational changes - types, resistances to change, role of change agents.
Suggested Readings
Fred Luthans 1998. Organizational Behavior. Tata McGraw Hill.
Harold Koontz & Keing Weighhrich. Essentials of Management. McGraw Hill.
John W Newstrom & Keith Davis. 1997. Human Behaviour at Work. Tata

McGraw.
Robert C Appleby. 1997. Modern Business Administration. Macmillan India.
Stephen P Robbins 2007. Organizational Behaviour. Prentice Hall.
Stoner James AF. 2005. Management. Pearson Edu.
12
ABM 502 AGRIBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND POLICY
Objective
To expose learners to the environment in which the agri-business is conducted.
Focus will be on understanding micro and macro environmental forces and their
impact on agri-business.
Contents
UNIT I
Role of agriculture in Indian economy; problems and policy changes relating to
farm supplies, farm production, agro processing, agricultural marketing,
agricultural finance etc. in the country.
UNIT II
Structure of Agriculture - Linkages among sub-sectors of the Agribusiness sector
;
economic reforms and Indian agriculture; impact of liberalization, privatization
and globalization on Agri business sector.
UNIT III
Emerging trends in production, processing, marketing and exports; policy control
s
and regulations relating to the industrial sector with specific reference to agr
oindustries.
UNIT IV
Agribusiness policies- concept and formulation; and new dimensions in Agri
business environment and policy.
UNIT V
Agricultural price and marketing policies; public distribution system and other
policies.
Suggested Readings
Adhikary M. 1986. Economic Environment of Business. S. Chand & Sons.
Aswathappa K. 1997. Essentials of Business Environment. Himalaya Publ.
Francis Cherunilam 2003. Business Environment. Himalaya Publ.
ABM 503 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS
Objective
To familiarize the students with the fundamental economic concepts and principle
s
in the context of managerial decision making.
Contents
UNIT I
Scope of managerial economics, objective of the firm and basic economic
principles; mathematical concepts used in managerial economics.
UNIT II
Demand analysis - meaning, types and determinants of demand; demand function;
demand elasticity; demand forecasting-need and techniques.
UNIT III
Production, cost and supply analysis- production function, least-cost input
combination, factor productivities and returns to scale, cost concepts, cost-out
put
relationship, short and long-run supply functions.
UNIT IV
Pricing-determinants of price - pricing under different market structures, prici
ng of
joint products, pricing methods in practice, government policies and pricing.
13
UNIT V
The national income; circular flow of income: consumption, investment and
saving: money-functions, demand & supply; inflation; economic growth; business
cycles and business policies; business decisions under uncertainty.
Suggested Readings
Baumol WJ. 1980. Economic Theory and Operations Analysis. Prentice Hall of
India.
Craig PH & Chris LW. 1996. Managerial Economics. Prentice Hall of India.
Dernberg TF. et. al. 1986. Macro Economics: Concepts, Theories and Policies.
McGraw Hill.
Dwivedi DN. 2002. Managerial Economics. Vikash Publ.
Gupta GS. 1997. Managerial Economics. Tata McGraw Hill.
Koutsoyiannis A. 1989. Modern Micro Economics. Mac Millan Press.
ABM 504 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING AND CONTROL
Objective
The objective of this course is to expose the learner to the concept and methods
of
financial and management accounting. Focus will be on understanding techniques,
uses and applications of financial and management accounting.
Contents
UNIT
I
Financial Accounting- Meaning, Need, Concepts and Conventions; Branches of
Accounting, Internal and External Users of Accounting, Advantages and
Limitations of Financial Accounting, Accounting Standards.
UNIT II
The Double Entry System- Its Meaning and Scope, The Journal, Cash Book,
Ledger, Trial Balance, Trading Account, Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet,
Entries and Adjustments of different heads in different Books and Accounts.
Introduction of Company Accounts.
UNIT III
Managing Accounting-Meaning, Functions, Scope, Utility, Limitations and Tools
of Management Accounting, Analysis of Financial Statements- Ratios,
Comparative and Common Size Statements, Cash Flow and Funds Flow Analysis,
Management Audit and Financial.
UNIT IV
Cost Accounting Nature, Course Objective, Significance of Cost Accounting;
Classification of Cost, Costing for Material, Labour, and Overheads; Marginal
Costing and cost volume profit Analysis- Its Significance, Uses and Limitations;
Standard Costing Its Meaning, Uses and Limitations; Determination of Standard
Cost, Variance Analysis- Material, Labour and Overhead.
UNIT
V
Responsibility Accounting- Its Meaning and Significance, Cost, Profit and
Investment Centres, Accounting for Price Level Changes- Concepts, CPP and
CCA Methods. Budget and Budgetary Control- Its Meaning, Uses and Limitations,
Budgeting and Profit Planning, Different Types of Budgets and their Preparations
,
Sales Budget, Purchase Budget, Production Budget, Cash Budget, Flexible
Budget, Master Budget, Zero Based Budgeting.
Suggested Readings
Horngren. 2008. Introduction to Financial Accounting. 8th Ed. Pearson Edu.
Khan MY & Jain PK. 2004. Management Accounting. Tata McGraw Hill.
14
Maheshwari SN & Maheshwari SK. 2003. Financial Accounting. 3rd Ed. Vikas
Publ. House.
ABM 505 COMMUNICATION FOR MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS
Objective
The course aims to make students proficient in written as well oral
communication. The focus will be on business related communication.
Contents
UNIT I
Introduction to communication, Communication process, Barriers to
Communication, Effective Communication, types of communication in
organisations viz. Downward, Upward, Horizontal, Static Vs dynamic.
UNIT II
Non-Verbal Communication, Communication through clothes/ colours / space/
symbol, Body language and etiquettes, Interpersonal Communication, Self-concept
and communication, Assertive Communication.
UNIT III
Types of business writing viz, News letters, Reports, Folders, Fact Sheets, Pres
s
release; Readership and writing style - human aspects of writing.
UNIT IV
Meetings - Planning for meeting, tips for chairing, opening, progress & ending,
Behavior of ordinary members, the character of business meeting, Energies for
meetings, Group discussions, brain storming sessions and presentations.
UNIT V
Handling personal communication - Letters, dictation, reading, problem-solving,
listening skills, self-talk, self - reflection, steps to personal creativity, pu
blic
speaking.
Suggested Readings
Bovee. 2008. Business Communication Today. 7th Ed. Pearson Edu.
Brown L. 2006. Communication Facts and Ideas in Business. Prentice Hall.
Lesikar. 2004. Basic Business Communication. McGraw Hill.
Ramchandran KK, Lakshmi KK & Karthik KK. 2007. Business Communication.

Macmillan.
ABM 506 BUSINESS LAWS AND ETHICS
Objective
The objective of this course is to expose the learner to various ethical issues
and
laws affecting business. Focus will be on understanding provisions of various
business laws and also ethical practices to conduct the business properly.
Contents
UNIT I
Introduction to Indian legal system, The Indian Contract Act-1872: Contract-
meaning, nature, significance, types of contract, essentials of a valid contract
, offer
and acceptance, capacity to contract, free consent, performance of contract.
UNIT II
Companies Act-1956: incorporation, commencement of business, types of
companies, management, winding of companies, Negotiable Instruments Act.
15
UNIT III
Essential Commodities Act, APMC Act, Consumer Protection Act, RTI Act,
MRTP Act- major provisions and implications.
UNIT IV
Factory Act, Labour laws, Industrial dispute Act.
UNIT V
Nature and importance of ethics and moral standards; corporations and social
responsibilities, scope and purpose of business ethics; Ethics in business funct
ional
areas; industrial espionage; solving ethical problems; governance mechanism.
Suggested Readings
Gulshan SS & Kapoor GK. 2003. Business Law including Company Law. 10th Ed.
New Age Publ.
Kapoor ND. 2005. Business Law. S. Chand & Sons.
Tulsain PC. 2006 Business Law. Tata McGraw Hill.
Tuteja SK. 2005. Business Law for Managers. S. Chand & Sons.
ABM 507 MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Objective
The objective of this course is to develop an understanding of the field of
marketing. The focus will be on imparting knowledge of the basic concepts, tools
,
and functions of marketing.
Contents
UNIT I
The Concept of Marketing Management; Marketing Environment; Marketing Mix,
Strategic Marketing, Market Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning; Buyer
Behavior, Marketing Information System, Marketing Organization and Control
UNIT II
Marketing potential and forecasting, Classification of Products; Product Life
Cycle; New Product Development; Product Line and Product Mix; Branding,
Packaging and labeling.
UNIT III
Factors affecting prices; Pricing Policies and Strategies; Pricing Methods.
UNIT IV
Types of Distribution Channels; Functions of Channel Members; Channel
Management Decisions.
UNIT
V
Promotion Mix; Introduction to Advertising, Personal Selling, Sales Promotion,
Publicity and Public Relations. and Direct marketing, managing integrated
marketing promotion, Customer Relationship Management.

Suggested Readings
Brassington 1997. Marketing Management. Pitman Publ. House.
Kotler P. 2002. Marketing Management Analysis, Planning, Implementation and

Control. Pearson Edu.

McCarthy 2003. Marketing Management. Tata McGraw-Hill.
Saxena R. 2002. Marketing Management. Mc Graw Hill.
Stanton WJ, Etzel MJ & Walker BJ. 1996. Fundamentals of Marketing. McGraw-
Hill.
16
ABM 508 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Objective
The objective of this course is to expose the learner to the field of human reso
urce
management. The focus will be on human resource practices and their utility for
managers.
Contents
UNIT I
Introduction to Human Resources Management; Human Resource Planning-
Nature and Significance, Job Analysis, Job Description, job Specification, Job
enlargement, Job enrichment, Job rotation, Job evaluation.
UNIT II
Recruitment and Selection Process, Induction, Training and Human Resource
Development-Nature, Significance, Process and Techniques, Internal mobility
including Transfers, Promotions, employee separation.
UNIT III
Performance Appraisal Significance and methods, Compensation management,
Wage and Salary Administration - Course Objective; Wage Fixation; Fringe
Benefits, Incentive Payment, bonus, and Profit Sharing.
UNIT IV
Industrial Relations-Role and Status of Trade Unions; Collective Bargaining;
Worker s Participation in Management, Career planning and employee retention.
UNIT V
Quality of work life, employee welfare measure, Disputes and grievance Handling
Procedures; Arbitration and Adjudication; Health and Safety of Human Resources;
Human Resources accounting, Human Resources outsourcing.
Suggested Readings
Ashwathapa K. 1997. Human Resource Management. Tata McGraw.
Flippo EB. 1984. Personnel, Management. McGraw-Hill.
Garry D. 2001. Human Resource Management. 7th Ed. Prentice-Hall of India.
Mamoria CB. 1996. Personnel Management. Himalaya Publ. House.
Subba Rao P. 2004. Essentials of Human Resource Management and Industrial

Relations. Himalaya Publ. House.

Venkantavatnam CS & Srivastav BK. 1991. Personnel Management and Human
Resources. Tata McGraw-Hill.
ABM 509 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Objective
The course aims to make students proficient in concepts and techniques of
financial management. Focus will be on developing understanding of the
application of Financial and investment decisions.
Contents
UNIT I
Introduction to Financial Management, Its meaning and functions, Interface of
financial management with other functional areas of a business. Financial
Statements and Analysis - Proforma Balance Sheet and Income Statements, ratio,
time series, common size and Du-Pont analysis.
UNIT II
Capital Structure, Determinants of size and composition of Capital Structure,
Capital Structure Theories; Long term financing and Cost of Capital.
UNIT III
17
Working Capital Management, Determinants of Size and Composition of Working
Capital, Cash and receivables management, Working Capital Management
Theories, Financing of Working Capital.
UNIT IV
Financial planning and Forecasting, Financial planning for mergers & acquisition
,
Capital Budgeting, Undiscounted and Discounted cash flow methods of
Investment Appraisal; Hybrid finance and lease finance.
UNIT V
Business Financing System in India, Money and Capital Markets, Regional and
All - India Financial Institutions; venture capital financing and its stages, mi
cro
finance and International financial management.
Suggested Readings
Chandra P. 2000. Financial Management. Tata McGraw Hill.
Khan MY & Jain PK. 2004. Financial Management: Text, Problems and Cases.

Tata McGraw Hill.

Pandey IM. 1997. Financial Management. Vikas Publ.
Ramachandran N & Kakani RK. 2005. Financial Accounting for Management.
Tata McGraw Hill.
Van Horne JC. 1997. Financial Management and Policy. Prentice Hall.
ABM 510 PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
Objective
The objective of this course is to expose the learner to the field of production
and
operations management. The focus will be on imparting knowledge of the basic
concepts, tools, and functions of production management.
Contents
UNIT I
Nature and Scope of Production and Operations Management; Its relationship with
Other Systems in the Organization; Factors Affecting System and Concept of
Production and Operation Management; Facility location, Types of Manufacturing
Systems and Layouts, Layout Planning and Analysis.
UNIT II
Productivity Variables and Productivity Measurement, Production Planning and
Control, Mass Production, Batch Production, Job Order Manufacturing, Product
Selection, Product Design and Development, Process Selection, Capacity
planning.
UNIT III
Scheduling, Maintenance Management Concepts, Work Study, Method Study,
Work Measurement, Work Sampling, Work Environment, Industrial Safety,
UNIT IV
An Overview of Material Management, Determination of Material Requirement,
Purchase Management, Store Management, Logistics management, Material
Planning and Inventory management, JIT, Safety Management .
UNIT V
Quality Assurance, Accepting Sampling, Statistical Process Control, Total Qualit
y
Management, ISO standards and their Importance, Introduction to re-engineering,
value engineering.
Suggested Readings
Adam & Ebert. 2006. Production and Operations Management: Concepts, Models
and Behaviour. 5th Ed. Prentice Hall of India.
18
Buffa ES. 2008. Modern Production/Operations Management. Wiley India.
Stevenson WJ. 2005. Operations Management. Tata McGraw Hill.
ABM 511 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN BUSINESS
MANAGEMENT
Objective
The objective of this course is to develop an understanding of research
methodology. The focus will be on process and techniques of research.
Contents
UNIT I
Meaning, Course Objective, types, and process of research; research methodology
in management- exploratory, descriptive, experimental, diagnostic, Problem
formulation, setting of Course Objective, formulation of hypotheses.
UNIT II
Scales of measurement - nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio, Likert scale and othe
r
scales; Primary and secondary data, sources of data, instruments of data collect
ion,
data editing, classification, coding, validation, tabulation, presentation, anal
ysis.
UNIT III
Concept of Sampling, Probability and non-probability sampling techniques
including Simple Random Sampling, Stratified Sampling, Multi-stage Sampling,
Systematic Sampling, Purposive Sampling, Quota sampling, judgment sampling,
and convenience sampling, sample size determination, sampling and non-sampling
errors.
UNIT IV
Role and uses of quantitative techniques in business decision making, Use of
Equations, Use of Determinants and Matrices in business decisions, Frequency
Distribution, Measures of Central Tendency, Measures of Variation, Skewness and
Kurtosis, Simple, partial, and multiple correlation, rank correlation, simple an
d
multiple regression, Discriminant and dummy variable analysis.
UNIT V
Index Numbers, Hypothesis testing, ANOVA, Factor analysis, cluster analysis,
conjoint analysis, multi-dimensional analysis etc, Report writing: Types of repo
rt,
essentials and contents of good report writing.
Suggested Readings
Cooper DR & Schindler PS. 2006. Marketing Research Concepts and Cases. Tata
McGraw Hill.
Green PE, Tull DS & Albaum G. 1998. Research for Marketing Decisions.
Prentice Hall of India.
Kothari CR. 1989. Research Methodology. Wiley Eastern.
Wilkinson & Bhandarker 1989. Research Methods in Social Sciences. Himalaya
Publ. House.
ABM 512 PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
DEVELOPMENT
Objective
The objective of this course is to expose the learner to the fields of project
management and entrepreneurship development. Focus will be to train the students
to develop new projects and encouraging them to start their own ventures.
19
Contents
UNIT I
Concept, characteristics of projects, types of projects, project identification,
and
Project s life cycle.
UNIT II
Project feasibility- market feasibility, technical feasibility, financial feasib
ility, and
economic feasibility, social cost-benefit analysis, project risk analysis.
UNIT III
Network Methods: Meaning, Network Analysis, Requirements for Network
Analysis, Critical Path Method (CPM), Programme Evaluation and Review
Technique (PERT), Project scheduling and resource allocation.
UNIT IV
Financial appraisal/evaluation techniques- discounted/non-discounted cash flows;
Net present values, profitability index, Internal rate of returns; Cost benefits
ratio;
Accounting rate of return, Pay back period, Project implementation; Cost over ru
n,
Project control and information system.
UNIT V
Entrepreneurship, Significance of entrepreneurship in economic development
qualities of entrepreneur, entrepreneurship development programs and role of
various institutions in developing entrepreneurship, life cycles of new business
,
environmental factors affecting success of a new business, reasons for the failu
re
and visible problems for business, Developing effective business plans, Procedur
al
steps in setting up of an industry.
Suggested Readings
Chandra P. 2005. Project Management. Tata McGraw Hill.
Gopal Krishan P & Nagarajan K. 2005. Project Management. New Age.
Hisrich RD & Peters MP. 2002. Entrepreneurship. Tata McGraw Hill.
Kaplan JM. 2003. Patterns of Entrepreneurship. John Wiley & Sons.
Nandan H. 2007. Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship Management. Prentice Hall.
Ramamoorthy VE. 2005. Textbook of Project Management. MacMillan.

ABM 513 COMPUTERS FOR MANAGERS

Objective
The course objective is to acquaint the students with the knowledge and use of
computers and simple applications of computers in managerial decisions. Effort
will also be made to provide them an orientation about the increasing role of
computers in corporate/business world.
Contents
UNIT I
Concept of Computers- Brief History of Computers, Generation and Its Evolution,
Characteristics of Computers, Hardware and Software, introduction to computer
languages, Main Areas of Computers and their Applications; Types of Computers
Analog, Digital, Hybrid, General Purpose and Special Purpose Computers,
Micro Computers, Mini-Computers, Main-frame Computers, and Super
Computers.
UNIT II
Input-Output Devices, Storage Units ( Disks, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, Blue Ray
Disk and tapes), Memory Types ( Cache, RAM, ROM), Memory Units,
Generation and types of Microprocessor.
UNIT III
20
Data and Information Data Definition, Data Processing Systems, Data Type
Numeric, Alphabetic, Audio, Graphic, and Video and Their Presentation; Data
Processing- Introduction to Data Processing, Computer as a Tool For Data
Processing, Data Processing Cycle, Data Processing Techniques, Data Analysis,
Data Inputs and Outputs, Data Processing Management, , Data Security.
UNIT IV
Introduction to Operating Systems, MS Windows, and UNIX, MS Office (MS
Word, MS Power Point, MS Excel, MS-Access and use of various management
software s Like SPSS.
UNIT IV
Introduction to LAN, WAN, MAN, internet and search engines; Introduction to
agri-portals like agriwatch.com, agmarknet.nic.in, echaupal.com
Suggested Readings
Lucas. 2004. Information Technology for Management. McGraw Hill.
Norton P. 1998. Introduction to Computers. 2nd Ed. Tata McGraw Hill.
Rajaraman V. 2006. Introduction to Information Technology. Prentice Hall of

India.
ABM 514 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Objective
The objective of this course is to develop an understanding and utility of MIS.
The
focus will be on imparting knowledge of the basic concepts, development,
functions and usage of MIS.
Contents
UNIT I
The concept of MIS Definition, importance, Course Objective, pre-requisites,
advantages and challenges; Information Needs of organization, MIS and Decision
Making.
UNIT II
Types/Classification of Information System for organizations - Office Automation
Systems, Transaction Processing Systems, Decision Support System, Executive
Support System, Knowledge Based Expert System.
UNIT III
Applications of MIS in the areas of Human Resource Management, Financial
Management, Production/Operations Management, Materials Management,
Marketing Management.
UNIT IV
Development of MIS for an organization The concept and stages of System
Development Life Cycle.
UNIT V
Information Technology concept, applications, advantages and pre-requisites,
Choice of Information Technology, Social and Legal Dimension of IT.
Suggested Readings
James O Brien 1999. Management Information System. Tata McGraw-Hill.
Lauden & Lauden. 2003. Management Information System. Pearson Edu.
21
ABM 515 OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Objective
The objective of this course is to acquaint the learner with the applications of
some
important Operations Research techniques. Focus will be on understanding the use
of these techniques in solving business problems.
Contents
UNIT I
Linear Programming: Objective, Assumptions, Formulation of Linear
Programming Problem, Graphic Method, Simplex method, Transportation and
Assignment Problems.
UNIT II
Inventory control Models: Costs Involved in Inventory Management, Types of
Inventory, Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Model, Continuous Review (Q)
System, Periodic Review (P) System, Hybrid System, Simulation.
UNIT III
Waiting Line Models: Waiting Line Problem, Characteristics of a Waiting- Line
System, Single- Channel Model, Multiple-Channel Model, Constant-Service Time
Model, Finite Population Model, Sequencing and Replacement models.
UNIT IV
Decision making under Risk and uncertainties, Decision problem, Maximax
Criterion, Maximin Criterion, Minimax Regret Criterion, Laplace Criterion, Pay
off Tables, Decision Trees, Expected Value of perfect Information.
UNIT V
Game Theory - Two -Person Zero-Sum Game, Simulation, Network analysis
PERT & CPM.
Suggested Readings
Cook TM & Russell RA. 1989. Introduction to Management Science. Prentice
Hall.
Taha HA. 2005. Operations Research - An Introduction. Prentice Hall.
Vohra ND. 2006. Quantitative Techniques in Management. McGraw Hill.
Wagner HM. 2005. Principles of Operation Research. Prentice Hall.
ABM 516 RURAL MARKETING
Objective
To objective of this course is to develop understanding regarding issues in rura
l
markets like marketing environment, consumer behaviour, distribution channels,
marketing strategies, etc.
Contents
UNIT I
Concept and scope of rural marketing, nature and characteristics of rural market
s,
potential of rural markets in India, rural communication and distribution.
UNIT II
Environmental factors - socio-cultural, economic, demographic, technological and
other environmental factors affecting rural marketing.
UNIT III
Rural consumer s behaviour - behavior of rural consumers and farmers; buyer
characteristics and buying behaviour; Rural v/s urban markets, customer
relationship management, rural market research.
22
UNIT IV
Rural marketing strategy - Marketing of consumer durable and non-durable goods
and services in the rural markets with special reference to product planning;
product mix, pricing Course Objective, pricing policy and pricing strategy,
distribution strategy.
UNIT V
Promotion and communication strategy - Media planning, planning of distribution
channels, and organizing personal selling in rural market in India, innovation i
n
rural marketing.
Suggested Readings
Krishnamacharyulu C & Ramakrishan L. 2002. Rural Marketing. Pearson Edu.
Ramaswamy VS & Nanakumari S. 2006. Marketing Management. 3rd Ed.
MacMillan Publ.
Singh AK & Pandey S. 2005. Rural Marketing. New Age.
Singh Sukhpal. 2004. Rural Marketing. Vikas Publ. House.
ABM
517 AGRICULTURAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Objective
The objective of this course is to give the students an understanding of concept
,
various policies, strategies and decisions relating to marketing that can be
developed by agribusiness firms.
Contents
UNIT I
Meaning and scope, agricultural marketing and economic development;
Agricultural market structure meaning, components and dynamics of market
structure; marketing strategy meaning & significance, formulation of marketing
strategy; agribusiness marketing environment, design of marketing mix, market
segmentation and targeting, determinants of consumer s behaviour.
UNIT II
Product management - product management process and decisions, new product
development significance and classification of new product, stages and
estimation of demand of new product; product life cycle.
UNIT III
Pricing policies and practice for agribusiness - determinants of price, objectiv
es of
pricing policies and pricing methods.
UNIT IV
Promotional management - advertising planning and execution; sales promotion;
grading and standardization.
UNIT V
Distribution management -storage and warehousing and transportation
management for agricultural products; marketing agencies/intermediaries roles
and functions; distribution channels involved in agribusiness.
Suggested Readings
Acharya SS & Agarwal NL. 2004. Agricultural Marketing in India. 4th Ed. Oxford
& IBH.
Kohls RL & Uhj JN. 2005. Marketing of Agricultural Products. 9th Ed. Prentice
Hall.
Kotler P. 2002. Marketing Management Analysis, Planning, Implementation and
Control. Pearson Edu.
23
Krishnamacharyulu C & Ramakrishan L. 2002. Rural Marketing. Pearson Edu.
Ramaswamy VS & Nanakumari S. 2002. Marketing Management. 2nd Ed. Mac
Millan India.
ABM 518 FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESSING MANAGEMENT
Objective
The objective of this course is to acquaint the students with different food
processing techniques and their management.
Contents
UNIT
I
Present status of food industry in India; Organization in food industry;
Introduction to operations of food industry; Deteriorative factors and hazards
during processing, storage, handling and distribution.

UNIT II
Basic principles of food processing and food preservation by manipulation of
parameters and factors and application of energy, radiations, chemicals and
biotechnological agents; Packaging of foods.
UNIT III
Analysis of costs in food organization; Risk management; Laws and regulations
related to food industry and food production and marketing; Quality management
quality standards, PFA, ISO, etc.
UNIT IV
Case studies on project formulation in various types of food industries milk and
dairy products, cereal milling, oil-seed and pulse milling, sugarcane milling, h
oney
production, baking, confectionery, oil and fat processing, fruits and vegetable
storage and handling, processing of fruits and vegetables, egg, poultry, fish an
d
meat handling and processing, etc.
Suggested Readings
Acharya SS & Aggarwal NL. 2004. Agricultural Marketing in India. Oxford &
IBH.
Early R. 1995. Guide to Quality Management Systems for Food Industries.
Blackie.
Jelen P. 1985. Introduction to Food Processing. Reston Publishing.
Potly VH & Mulky MJ. 1993. Food Processing. Oxford & IBH.
ABM 519 FERTILIZER TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
Objective
The objective of this course is to acquaint the students in latest advances in
fertilizer technology management.
Contents
UNIT I
Fertilizer development concept, scope, need, resource availability; import and
export avenues for fertilizer; types of fertilizers, grading and chemical
constituents, role of fertilizers in agricultural production, production and
consumption of fertilizer in India.
UNIT II
24
Raw material needed and principles of manufacturing of nitrogenous, phosphatic
and potassic fertilizers, secondary nutrient sources and micro-nutrient
formulations.
UNIT III
Production efficiency and capacity utilization; quality control and legal aspect
s-
fertilizer control order.
UNIT IV
Testing facilities; constraints in fertilizer use and emerging scenario of ferti
lizer
use; assessment of demand and supply of different fertilizers, fertilizer
distribution, fertilizer storage.
UNIT V
Field trials and demonstration, fertilizer pricing policy; scope of bio-fertiliz
er;
environmental pollution due to fertilizer use.
Suggested Readings
Brady NC & Weil RR. 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soils. 13th Ed. Pearson
Edu.
Fertilizer Control Order (different years). Fertilizer Association of India, New

Delhi.
Fertilizer Statistics (different years). Fertilizer Association of India, New De
lhi
Indian Journal of Fertilizers (different years). Fertilizer Association of India
, New
Delhi.
San Chilli V. 1960. Chemistry and Technology of Fertilizers. American Chemical
Soc. Monograph Series. Reinhold Publ. Corp.
Tisdale SL, Nelson WL, Beaton JD & Havlin JL. 2002. Soil Fertility and
Fertilizers. 5th Ed. Prentice Hall.
ABM
520 MANAGEMENT OF AGRO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Objective
To familiarize the students with the agrochemicals, their structure, classificat
ion
and development and also how to manage the agro-chemical industries.
Contents
UNIT I
Agro-chemicals: Definition and classification; Basic knowledge of agrochemicals;
role and status of agro-chemical industry in India; Pesticides
Classification and Introduction, knowledge of different pesticides.
UNIT II
Insecticides Definition and classification based on (a) Mode of Entry (b) Mode
of Action and (c) Chemical Structure with example; Insecticidal formulation;
preliminary knowledge of mode of action of insecticides; knowledge of plant
protection equipments.
UNIT III
Fungicides Classification and preliminary knowledge of commonly used
fungicides; Biomagnifications of pesticides and pesticidal pollution.
UNIT IV
Introductory knowledge about development of agro-chemicals; Insecticidal
poisoning, symptoms and treatment; Main features of Insecticide Act.
UNIT V
Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage A brief account of its
organizational set up and functions; IPM Concept Bio-pesticides Plant
products.
25
Suggested Readings
Dhaliwal GS, Singh R & Chhillar BS. 2006. Essentials of Agricultural
Entomology. Kalyani.
Hayes WT & Laws ET. 1991. Hand Book of Pesticides. Academic Press.
Matsumura F. 1985. Toxicology of Insecticides. 2nd Ed. Plenum Publ.
Rajeev K & Mukherjee RC. 1996. Role of Plant Quarantine in IPM. Aditya
Books.
ABM 521 FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Objective
To acquaint the students with the basic principles of farm management dealing
with the analysis of farm resources having alternatives within the framework of
resource restrictions.
Contents
UNIT I
Nature, scope, characteristics and role of farm business management; farm
management decisions; farm management problems.
UNIT II
Principles of farm management decisions principle of variable proportion, cost
principle, principle of factor substitution, law of equi-marginal returns, oppor
tunity
cost principle, etc.
UNIT III
Tools of farm management and farm business analysis - farm planning and
budgeting; Farm records and accounts, types and problems in farm records and
accounts, net worth statement, farm efficiency measures.
UNIT IV
Management of farm resources Land, Labour, Farm machinery, Farm building,
etc.
UNIT V
Risk and uncertainty in farming -sources of uncertainty in farming, management
strategy to counteract uncertainty and decision making process in farm business
management under risks and uncertainty.
Suggested Readings
Heady EO & Jensen H. 1960. Farm Management Economics. Prentice Hall.
Johl SS & Kapoor TR. 1973. Fundamentals of Farm Business Management.
Kalyani Publ.
Kahlon AS & Singh K. 1992. Economics of Farm Management in India. Allied
Publ.
Panda SC. 2007. Farm Management & Agricultural Marketing. Kalyani Publ.
ABM 522 SEED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT
Objective
To apprise students regarding principles and efficient management of seed
production technology.
Contents
UNIT I
Seed Technology Role of Seed Technology, its Course Objective and goal, Seed
Industry in India, National Seed Corporation Tarai Seed Development
26
Corporation, State Seed Corporations, National Seed Project and State Farms and
their role.
UNIT II
Development and Management of Seed Programmes Seed Village Concept,
Basic Strategy of Seed Production and Planning and Organization of Seed
Programme; Types of Seed Programme Nucleus seed, Breeders seed, Foundation
seed and Certified seed etc.
UNIT III
Maintenance of genetic purity Minimum seed certification standard and
Management of breeders & Nucleus seed; Management of seed testing laboratory
and research and development.
UNIT IV
Management of seed processing plant, seed storage management; seed packaging
and handling.
UNIT V
Seed Marketing; GM Crop seed, IPR, PBR, Patents and related issues and their
impact on developing countries; Statutory intervention in the seed industry; See
d
legislation and seed law enforcement, Seed act; Orientation and visit to seed
production farms, seed processing Units, NSC, RSSC, RSSCA and seed testing
laboratories.
Suggested Readings
Agrawal RL. 1997. Seed Technology. Oxford & IBH.
Desai BB, Katecha PM & Salunkhe DK. 1997. Seed Handbook: Biology,

Production, Processing and Storage. Marcel Dekker.

Kelly A. 1988. Seed Production of Agricultural Crops. Longman.
McDonald MB Jr. & Copeland LO. 1997. Seed Production: Principles and
Practices. Chapman & Hall.
Thompson JR. 1979. An Introduction to Seed Technology. Leonard Hill.
ABM 523 TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT FOR LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS
Objective
To impart knowledge about management of livestock products, product
development, quality control, preservation and marketing strategies for livestoc
k
products.
Contents
UNIT I
Present status of livestock products industry in India dairy, meat poultry, skin
,
hides, wool, etc; Dairy Products- Manufacturing technologies of various dairy
products and by-product utilization.
UNIT II
Meat and Poultry Products- Manufacturing technologies of meat and meat
products, egg and poultry products; production processing and utilization of woo
l
and animal by-products.
UNIT III
Plant Management- Production planning and control needs and techniques of
production control, packaging, preservation and storage system for livestock
products; transportation system for domestic markets and international markets.
UNIT IV
27
Quality control measures during storage and transit; extent of losses during sto
rage
and transport, management measures to minimize the loss.
UNIT V
Marketing and distribution of animal products; quality standard for various
products; environmental and legal issues involved.
Suggested Readings
Forrest JC. 1975. Principles of Meat Science. Freeman Publ.
Gracey 1999. Thorntons Meat Hygiene. WB Saunders.
Mountney GJ. Poultry Products Technology. 2nd Ed. AVI Publ.
Ockerman & Hansen. 2002. Animal Byproducts Processing and Utilization. CRC

Publ.
Pearson AM & Gillett TA. 1996. Processed Meat. 3rd Ed. Chapman & Hall.
Robertson GL. 1993. Food Packaging Principles and Practices. Marcel Dekker.
Stadelman W & Cotterill OJ. 2002. Eggs Science and Technology. 4th Ed. CBS.
Sukumar De 1980. Outlines of Dairy Technology. Oxford Univ. Press.
Walstra et al. 2006. Dairy Science and Technology. 2nd Ed. Taylor & Francis.
Yadav 1993. Comprehensive Dairy Microbiology. Metropolitan Publ.
ABM 524 FRUIT PRODUCTION AND POST HARVEST
MANAGEMENT
Objective
To impart knowledge regarding agro-techniques of fruit crops and their postharve
st
management.
Contents
UNIT I
World production and horticulture in India; present status of fruit industry in
India
and emerging scenario.
UNIT II
Management of horticultural crops establishing an orchard, basic cultural
practices, regulation of flowering, fruiting and thinning, protection against in
sect-
pest, weeds: pre and post harvest management for quality and shelf life.
UNIT III
Post harvest management in horticulture- procurement management, important
factors for marketing, standardization and quality control, packaging.
UNIT IV
Post harvest management in horticulture- development of fruit-based carbonated
drinks, development of dehydrated products from some important fruits, storage o
f
pulp in pouches, essential oils from fruit waste, dehydrated fruits. Market stru
cture
and export potential of fruits.
UNIT V
Problems in marketing of fruits, and government policy; quality standards for
domestic and international trade.
Suggested Readings
Chadha KL & Pareek OP. 1993. Advances in Horticulture. Vols. I-IV. Malhotra
Publ. House.
Kader AA. 1992. Post-harvest Technology of Horticultural Crops. Univ. of
California. Div. of Agri. & Natural Resources.
28
ABM 525 FARM POWER & MACHINERY MANAGEMENT
Objective
To acquaint the students with the farm mechanization status in the country and
various techniques for farm machinery management and marketing.
Contents
UNIT I
Various sources of farm power, their availability and utilization; Course Object
ive,
importance and present status, level and the scope of farm mechanization.
UNIT II
Tractor and power tillage industry model, make, capacity, production, present
status and future prospects; concept of zero tillage.
UNIT III
Farm machinery selection for different size of farm size and for different agroc
limatic
conditions; scheduling of farm operations for higher efficiencies, indices
of machine performance.
UNIT IV
Cost analysis of operations using different implements, economic performance of
machines, optimization of tractor implements system and transport of farm
produce.
UNIT V
Agricultural equipments industry their production, marketing and constraints;
establishment of agricultural engineering enterprises (agro service centers, etc
.).
Suggested Readings
Carville LA. 1980. Selecting Farm Machinery. Louisiana Coop. Extn. Service
Publ.
FAO 1984. Agricultural Engineering in Development: Selection of Mechanization.
Agric. Service Bull.
Hunt D. 1977. Farm Power and Machinery Management. Iowa State Univ. Press.
Waters WK. 1980. Farm Machinery Management Guide. Pennsylvania Agric.
Extn. Service Spl. Circular No. 1992.
ABM 526
Objective
INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND SUSTAINABILITY
GOVERNANCE
To impart knowledge to the students of international trade in agriculture and
various provisions under WTO in the new trade regime.
Contents
UNIT I
International trade basic concepts, WTO and its implications for Indian economy
in general and agriculture sector in particular.
UNIT II
TRIPS, TRIMS quotas, anti dumping duties, quantitative and qualitative
restrictions, tariff and non-tariff measures, trade liberalization, subsidies, g
reen and
red boxes, issues for negotiations in future in WTO; CDMs and carbon trade.
UNIT III
Importance of foreign trade for developing economy; absolute and comparative
advantage, foreign trade of India.
29
UNIT IV
Composition of India s foreign trade policy; India s balance of payments; inter
regional Vs international trade; tariffs and trade control; exchange rate; the f
oreign
trade multiplier.
UNIT
V
Foreign demand, supply side analysis, opportunity cost, trade and factor prices,
implications for developing countries, market entry methods, export procedures
&
documentations.

Suggestive Readings
Chadha GK. 2003. WTO and Indian Economy. Deep & Deep.
Economic Survey of India. Ministry of Finance, Govt. of India. (various issues)
HAU 2003. Refresher Course on Technological Interventions to Face WTO

Challenges. AAREM & HRD CCS HAU Hisar.

Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics
Vasisht AK & Singh Alka. 2003. WTO and New International Trade Regime-
Implication for Indian Agriculture. Advance Publ. Concept.
ABM 527 MANAGEMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS COOPERATIVES
Objective
To provide the students an understanding about the agribusiness cooperative
organizations and their management.
Contents
UNIT
I
Cooperative administration- a global perspective, ecology of cooperative
administration, cooperative sector and economic development.
UNIT II
Cooperative management- nature, functions and purpose of cooperatives
procurement, storage, processing, marketing, process of cooperative formation,
role of leadership in cooperative management.
UNIT III
The state and cooperative movement, effects of cooperative law in management,
long range planning for cooperative expansion, policy making.
UNIT IV
Human resource management, placement and role of board of directors in
cooperative management.
UNIT
V
Overview of agribusiness cooperative credit cooperatives, cooperative
marketing, dairy cooperative; financing agribusiness cooperative.

Suggested Readings
Akmat JS. 1978. New Dimensions of Cooperative Management. Himalaya Publ.
House.
Ansari AA. 1990. Cooperative Management Patterns. Anmol Publ.
Sah AK. 1984. Professional Management for the Cooperatives. Vikas Publ.
House.
30
ABM 528 AGRIBUSINESS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Objective
To impart trainings to the students regarding various aspects of financial
management for agribusiness.
Contents
UNIT I
Importance, need and scope of financial management; classification and credit
need in changing agriculture scenario; finance functions, investment financing;
balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement for agribusiness.
UNIT II
Financial planning and control assessment of financial requirement of a
agribusiness unit; leverage concept of leverage, financial and operating leverag
e;
factor affecting capital structure, features of an optimal capital structure.
UNIT III
Working capital management concept and components of working capital, need
for working capital in agribusiness, management of cash and accounts receivables
,
and inventory for agribusiness.
UNIT IV
Capital budgeting -steps and concept of capital budgeting, appraisal criteria
payback period, average rate of return, net present value, benefit-cost ratio an
d
internal rate of return.
UNIT V
Agri-business financing system in India - functioning of cooperative credit
institutions, commercial banks, regional rural banks, NABARD, Agro-Industries
Corporation, etc in agribusiness financing.
Suggested Readings
Chandra P. 2000. Financial Management. Tata McGraw Hill.
Khan MY & Jain PK. 2004. Management Accounting. Tata McGraw Hill.
Nelson AG & Murrey WG. 1988. Agricultural Finance. Kalyani Publ.
Pandey IM. 1997. Financial Management. Vikas Publ. House.

ABM 529 FOOD RETAIL MANAGEMENT

Objective
The objective of this course is to assist students in understanding the structur
e and
working of food marketing system in India, to examine how the system affects
farmers, consumers and middlemen and to illustrate the response of this dynamic
marketing system to technological, socio-cultural, political and economic forces
over time.
Contents
UNIT I
Introduction to International Food market, India s Competitive Position in World
Food Trade, Foreign Investment in Global Food Industry, Retail management and
Food Retailing, The Nature of Change in Retailing, Organized Retailing in India,
E-tailing and Understanding food preference of Indian Consumer, Food
consumption and Expenditure pattern, Demographic and Psychographic factors
affecting Food Pattern of Indian Consumer.
UNIT II
Value Chain in Food Retailing, Principal trends in food wholesaling and retailin
g,
food wholesaling, food retailing, the changing nature of food stores, various
31
retailing formats, competition and pricing in food retailing, market implication
s of
new retail developments, value chain and value additions across the chain in foo
d
retail, food service marketing.
UNIT III
4 P s in Food Retail Management, Brand Management in Retailing, Merchandise
pricing, Pricing Strategies used in conventional and non-conventional food
retailing, Public distribution system, Promotion mix for food retailing,
Management of sales promotion and Publicity, Advertisement Strategies for food
retailers.
UNIT IV
Managing Retail Operations, Managing Retailers Finances, Merchandise buying
and handling, Merchandise Pricing, Logistics, procurement of Food products and
Handling Transportation of Food Products.
UNIT V
Retail Sales Management Types of Retail Selling, Salesperson selection,
Salesperson training, Evaluation and Monitoring, Customer Relationship
Management, Managing Human Resources in retailing, Legal and Ethical issues in
Retailing.
Suggested Readings
Berman & Evans. 2008. Retail Management: A Strategic Approach. 10th Ed.
Prentice Hall of India.
Cox. 2006. Retailing: An Introduction. 5th Ed. Pearson Edu.
Levy M & Weitz BW. 2004. Retailing Management. 5th Ed. McGraw Hill.
ABM 530 MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL INPUT MARKETING
Objective
The objective of this course is to give the students an understanding of differe
nt
marketing concept and marketing system in context of agricultural inputs.
Contents
UNIT I
Agricultural input marketing meaning and importance; Management of
distribution channels for agricultural input marketing; Agricultural Inputs and
their
types farm and non-farm, role of cooperative, public and private sectors in agri
-
input marketing.
UNIT II
Seed- Importance of seed input; Types of seeds- hybrid, high yielding and qualit
y
seeds; Demand and supply of seeds; Seed marketing channels, pricing, export-
import of seeds; Role of NSC and State Seed Corporation.
UNIT III
Chemical Fertilizers- Production, export-import, supply of chemical fertilizers,
Demand/consumption, Prices and pricing policy; subsidy on fertilizers; marketing
system marketing channels, problems in distribution; Role of IFFCO and
KRIBCO in fertilizer marketing.
UNIT IV
Plant Protection Chemicals- Production, export/import, consumption, marketing
system marketing channels; Electricity/Diesel Oil- marketing and distribution
system; pricing of electricity for agriculture use; subsidy on electricity.
32
UNIT
V
Farm Machinery- Production, supply, demand, Marketing and distribution channels
of farm machines; Agro-industries Corporation and marketing of farm machines
/
implements/Equipments.

Suggested Readings
Acharya SS & Agarwal NL. 2004. Agricultural Marketing in India. 4th Ed. Oxford
& IBH.
Broadway AC & Broadway Arif A. 2003. A Text Book of Agri-Business
Management. Kalyani.
Singh AK & Pandey S. 2005. Rural Marketing. New Age.
Singh Sukhpal 2004. Rural Marketing- Focus on Agricultural Inputs. Vikas Publ.
House.
ABM 531 FEED BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Objective
To acquaint the students with the role and importance of feed industry and the
production of feed for livestock and poultry.
Contents
UNIT
I
Present status of feed resources; gap between demand and availability of nutrien
ts;
status of feed industry in India and world, constraints in the development of In
dian
feed industry.
UNIT II
Nutrients requirements of livestock and poultry; feed stuff and their origin;
scientific storage of feeds and feed ingredients; protection of protein and fat.
UNIT III
Processing of feeds, layout and design of feed plants, feed plant management; fe
ed
preparation for fish and pet animals, specialty feeds.
UNIT IV
Importance and preparation of mineral mixture; feed additives and supplements,
feed mixing, principles of mixing and compounding of feeds; improving the
feeding value of poor quality roughages.
UNIT
V
Distribution channels, regulations relating to manufacture and sale of feed stuf
fs.

Suggested Readings
Gohl BO. 1981. Tropical Feeds. FAO.
McEllihnery Robert R. 1994. Feed Manufacturing Technology. American Feed
Industry Assoc.
Pfost Harry B. 1976. Feed Manufacturing Technology. American Feed Industry
Assoc.
Rajgopalan K. Feed Industry Red Book. ZMAG Publication.
Rajgopalan K. 1989. Storage Structures. Oxford & IBH.
ABM 532 AGRI SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Objective
The course introduces students to the concepts and processes of agricultural sup
ply
chain management, framework for structuring supply chain drivers; network
designs, demand forecasting, inventory planning, sourcing decisions and IT
enablement of supply chain.
33
Contents
UNIT I
Supply Chain: Changing Business Environment; SCM: Present Need; Conceptual
Model of Supply Chain Management; Evolution of SCM; SCM Approach;
Traditional Agri. Supply Chain Management Approach; Modern Supply Chain
Management Approach; Elements in SCM.
UNIT II
Demand Management in Supply Chain: Types of Demand, Demand Planning and
Forecasting; Operations Management in Supply Chain, Basic Principles of
Manufacturing Management.
UNIT III
Procurement Management in Agri. Supply chain: Purchasing Cycle, Types of
Purchases, Contract/Corporate Farming, Classification of Purchases Goods or
Services, Traditional Inventory Management, Material Requirements Planning,
Just in Time (JIT), Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI).
UNIT IV
Logistics Management: History and Evolution of Logistics; Elements of Logistics;
Management; Distribution Management, Distribution Strategies; Pool
Distribution; Transportation Management; Fleet Management; Service Innovation;
Warehousing; Packaging for Logistics, Third-Party Logistics (TPL/3PL); GPS
Technology.
UNIT V
Concept of Information Technology: IT Application in SCM; Advanced Planning
and Scheduling; SCM in Electronic Business; Role of Knowledge in SCM;
Performance Measurement and Controls in Agri. Supply Chain Management-
Benchmarking: introduction, concept and forms of Benchmarking.
Suggested Readings
Altekar RV. 2006. Supply Chain Management: Concepts and Cases. Prentice Hall
of India.
Monczka R, Trent R & Handfield R. 2002. Purchasing and Supply Chain
Management. Thomson Asia.
van Weele AJ. 2000. Purchasing and Supply Chain Management Analysis,
Planning and Practice. Vikas Publ. House.
ABM 533 MANAGEMENT OF VETERINARY HOSPITALS
Objective
The objective of this course is to acquaint the students about the designing,
planning, organizing, and controlling the veterinary hospitals for optimizing th
e
use of space, capital, skill and other resources.
Contents
UNIT I
Needs, aims and objectives of Veterinary hospitals; the existing and simulated
situations under which veterinary hospitals work or are to work.
UNIT II
Designing and planning an ideal hospital; optimizing the use of resources - huma
n,
space, equipment, drugs, time, capital, etc.; Materials management and problems
Normal purchase procedure. Receipt; storage and distribution of materials Cost
34
reduction & scientific inventory control. Information system and materials
management performance. Equipment maintenance, condemnation & disposal.
UNIT III
Defining authority, responsibility and accountability of management for
optimizing the use of skill, developing and upgrading skills and technology;
efficient system of record keeping and accounting; Concept of quality & Total
quality management (T.Q.M) Introduction to Veterinary audit, Statistical quality
control (S.Q.C.), Quality control Circle (Q.C.C.).
UNIT IV
Hospital information system as an aid to efficient controlling and monitoring; n
eed
for financial resources - investment and working capital; Records: Types &
Methodology, Reports and Reporting system. Contemporary and need-based
methods of accounting; General consideration. Need based information system.
Applicability in surveillance & monitoring; planning & policy making; cost
control.
UNIT V
Economic functions and quality control system; Animal health Economics: An
introduction Need for financial resources (type and need). Investment planning a
nd
working capital; Budgeting and cost cutting (cost control).legal aspects in the
functioning of the hospital.
ABM 534 POULTRY AND HATCHERY MANAGEMENT
Objective
The course provides an insight into the importance of management in poultry
industry, managing a poultry and hatchery enterprise, planning production of
poultry products, financial, personnel and marketing management.
Contents
UNIT I
Poultry and hatchery industry; role of management in poultry industry.
UNIT II
Planning and establishing a poultry and hatchery unit- location, size and
construction; farm and hatchery equipments and physical facilities; organizing a
nd
managing a poultry farm and hatchery.
UNIT III
Incubation and hatching; production of quality chicks and eggs; factors affectin
g
hatchability; bio-security and hatchery sanitation; handling of hatching eggs;
maintaining chick quality-chick grading, sexing, packing, dispatch , transportat
ion
and chick delivery.
UNIT IV
Franchise hatcheries; custom hatching; brooding; growing and laying
management; crisis management; industrial breeding, feeding, housing and disease
management; waste management; Record management; cost accounting and
budgetary control.
UNIT V
Risks and insurance; personal management- labour relations including wages and
salaries, job evaluation and employee appraisal; marketing management-direct sal
e
and sale through franchisees/ agents, advertisement, sale and after sale service
s,
other innovative sales strategies.
35
ABM 535 MANAGEMENT OF FLORICULTURE AND LANDSCAPING
Objective
To objective of this course is to expose the students with floriculture technolo
gy
and its Agri business implications including international trade.
Contents
UNIT I
Introduction, importance and scope of floriculture industry; Recent advances in
floriculture industry.
UNIT II
Evolution of new cultivars; and production technology of ornamental plants;
special techniques for forcing of flowers for export.
UNIT III
Drying and dehydration of flowers; response of flowers to environmental
conditions; importance and scope of landscape gardening.
UNIT IV
Style of gardening, Anesthetic and Socio-aesthetic planning of old and newly
developed towns and cities; commercial cultivation of flower crops (rose, jasmin
e
gladiolus, tuberose, marigold, aster, carnation, gerbera, cilium
chrysanthemum; use of plant regulators in flower production.
UNIT V
Extraction, purification and storage of essential oils and perfumes; post harves
t
changes in cut flowers, storage and packing of cut flowers; determining
optimum time of harvesting of flowers for export and home use.
Suggested Readings
Chadha KL & Choudhary B. Ornamental Horticulture in India. ICAR.
Grindal EW. Every Day Gardening in India. D.B. Tarporevala Sons.
Randhawa GS & Mukhopadhyay A. Floriculture in India. Allied Publ.
Randhawa MS. Beautifying India. Raj Kamal Publ.
36
AGRI-BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
List of Journals

Agribusiness An International Journal

Decision
Harvard Business Review
Indian Cooperative Review
Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics
Indian Journal of Agricultural Marketing
Indian Journal of Finance
Indian Journal of Marketing
Indian Management
Indian Management Studies Journal
Journal of Agri-business
Journal of Marketing Management
Journal of Marketing Research
Journal of Sales Management
Management Review
Prabandhan
Vikalpa
e- Resources

www.pearsoned.com (Pearson Education Publication)

www.mcgraw-hill.com (McGraw-Hill Publishing Company)
www.aima-ind.org (All India Management Association)
www.oup.com (Oxford University Press)
www.emeraldinsight.com (Emerald Group Publishing)
www.sagepub.com (Sage publications)
www.harvardbusiness.com (Harvard Business Review)
www.marketingpower.com (American Marketing Association)
www.isaeindia.org (Indian Society of Agricultural Economics)
www.macmillanindia.com (Macmillan Publishing)
www.sfacindia.com (Small Farmers Agri-Business Consortium)
www.isapindia.org (Indian Society of Agribusiness Professionals)
www.icar.org.in (Indian Council of Agricultural Research)
www.nseindia.com (National Stock Exchange of India Ltd)
www.nseindia.com (Bombay Stock Exchange)
www.ncdex.com (National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange Limited)
www.phdcci.in (PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry)
www.ficci.com (Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry)
www.assocham.org (Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India)
www.apeda.com (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development
Authority)
www.mpeda.com (Marine Products Export Development Authority)
37
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
Course Structure at a Glance

CODE COURSE TITLE CREDITS

AG ECON 501* MICRO ECONOMIC THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2+0
AG ECON 502* MACRO ECONOMICS AND POLICY 2+0
AG ECON 503* EVOLUTION OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT 1+0
AG ECON 504* AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ECONOMICS 1+1
AG ECON 505* AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & PRICE ANALYSIS 2+1
AG ECON 506* RESEARCH METHODOLOGY FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES 1+1
AG ECON 507* ECONOMETRICS 2+1
AG ECON 508* LINEAR PROGRAMMING 1+1
AG ECON 509* AGRICULTURAL FINANCE AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT 2+1
AG ECON 511 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS 1+1
AG ECON 512 INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS 1+0
AG ECON 513 AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY ANALYSIS 2+0
AG ECON 514 NATURAL RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ECONOMICS
1+1
AG ECON 515 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT 1+0
AG ECON 516 # COMPUTER APPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURAL
ECONOMICS
2+1
AG ECON 517 RURAL MARKETING 2+0
AG ECON 518 COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING 2+0
AG ECON 591 MASTER S SEMINAR 1+0
AG ECON 599 MASTER S RESEARCH 20
AG ECON 601** ADVANCED MICRO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 1+1
AG ECON 602** ADVANCED MACRO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 2+0
AG ECON 603** ADVANCED ECONOMETRICS 2+1
AG ECON 604** ADVANCED PRODUCTION ECONOMICS 2+1
AG ECON 605** QUANTITATIVE DEVELOPMENT POLICY ANALYSIS 1+1
AG ECON 606** ADVANCED AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AND PRICE
ANALYSIS
2+1
AG ECON 608 COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING 2+0
AG ECON 609 NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 1+1
AG ECON 610 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS 2+0
AG ECON 691 DOCTORAL SEMINAR I 1+0
AG ECON 692 DOCTORAL SEMINAR II 1+0
AG ECON 699 DOCTORAL RESEARCH 45
* Compulsory for Master s programme; ** Compulsory for Doctoral programme
# Cross-listed with Statistics
The following Basic Supporting courses (5 credits) are recommended for M. Sc. /
Ph. D. programmes
M. Sc.
STAT MATHEMATICS FOR AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 3
STAT STATISTICAL METHODS FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES 2
Ph. D.
STAT MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS 2
STAT OPERATIONS RESEARCH 3
38
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
Course Contents

AG ECON 501 MICRO ECONOMIC THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2+0

Objective
This course is intended to provide an overview of microeconomic theory and its
applications. The course starts with the theory of consumer behaviour consisting
of
consumer s utility maximization problem and demand theory. It intends to provide
fundamental concepts and models in the theory of production and costs and sets
out to provide a basic understanding of price and / or output determination unde
r
different types of market structures including factor markets. This course will
also
expose the students to the theory of general equilibrium and welfare economics.
Theory
UNIT I
Theory of Consumer Behaviour - Cardinal Utility Approach - Ordinal Utility
Approach Income effect and substitution effect Applications of Indifference
curve approach - Revealed Preference Hypothesis Consumer surplus -
Derivation of Demand curve Elasticity of demand.
UNIT II
Theory of Production - Production functions Returns to scale and economies of
scale Technical progress Theory of Costs Cost curves Profit maximization
and cost minimization Derivation of supply curve Law of Supply Producers
surplus.
UNIT III
Market Equilibrium - Behavior of Firms in Competitive Markets - Perfect
Competition- Effect of Taxation and Subsidies on market equilibrium - Monopoly-
Monopolistic - Oligopoly- Theory of Factor Markets.
UNIT IV
General Equilibrium Theory - Welfare Economics - Pareto Optimality Social
welfare criteria - Social Welfare functions.
Suggested Readings
David M Kreps 1990. A Course in Microeconomic Theory. Princeton University
Press.
Dewitt KK. 2002. Modern Economic Theory. Sultan Chand & Co.
Henderson JM & Quandt RE. 2000. Microeconomic Theory: A Mathematical
Approach. McGraw-Hill.
Koutsoyiannis A. 2003. Modern Microeconomics. The Macmillan Press.
Silberberg E & Suen W. 2001. The Structure of Economics A Mathematical
Analysis. McGraw-Hill.
Varian Hal R. 1999. Intermediate Microeconomics. Affiliated East-West Press.
AG ECON 502 MACRO ECONOMICS AND POLICY 2+0
Objective
Macro economics and Policy course is intended to expose the students to
macroeconomic concepts and theory, the application of the macro economic
theory, and implication of the macroeconomic policies.
Theory
39
UNIT I
Nature and Scope of Macro Economics - Methodology and Keynesian Concepts
National Income - Concepts and measurement- Classical theory of Employment
and Say s Law-Modern theory of Employment and Effective Demand.
UNIT II
Consumption function- Investment and savings - Concept of Multiplier and
Accelerator - Output and Employment - Rate of interest - Classical, Neo classica
l
and Keynesian version- Classical theory Vs Keynesian theory - Unemployment
and Full employment.
UNIT III
Money and classical theories of Money and Price - Keynesian theory of money
and Friedman Restatement theory of money - Supply of Money - Demand for
Money -Inflation: Nature, Effects and control.
UNIT IV
IS & LM frame work - General Equilibrium of product and money markets Monetary
policy - Fiscal policy- Effectiveness of Monetary and Fiscal policy -
Central banking.
UNIT V
Business cycles - Balance of Payment - Foreign Exchange Rate determination.
Suggested Readings
Ahuja HL. 2007. Macroeconomics: Theory and Policy. S. Chand & Co.
Eugene A Diulio 2006. Macroeconomics. 4th Ed. Schaums Outlines.
Gardner Ackely 1987. Macro Economic: Theory and Policy. Collier Macmillan.
Dornbusch. 2006. Macroeconomics. McGraw Hill Publication

AG ECON 503 EVOLUTION OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT 1+0

Objective
To introduce the students to the evolution of economic thought over a period of
time, the background of emanation of thoughts and approaches, as acts of
balancing and counter balancing events and criticisms. The course will also in a
comprehensive way help the students to know and appreciate the contributions of
the Galaxy of Economists.
Theory
UNIT
1
Approaches for the study of history of economic thought Absolutist vs.
Relativist approaches Evolution of Economic Thought vs. Economic History.
Ancient economic thought medieval economic thought mercantilism
physiocracy Forerunners of Classical Political Economy.
UNIT II
Development of Classical Thoughts (Adam Smith, Robert Malthus and David
Ricardo) Critics of Classical Thoughts- Socialist critics Socialist and Marxian
Economic Ideas Austrian School of Thought Origins of Formal
Microeconomic Analysis William Stanley Jevons, Cournot and Dupuit.

UNIT III
The birth of neoclassical economic thought Marshall and Walras General
Equilibrium Theory - Welfare Theory Keynesian economics.
UNIT IV
40
The Era of globalization Experiences of developing world - Rigidity of the past
vs. emerging realism The changing path of international Institutions to economic
growth and development approaches.
UNIT V
Economic Thought in India Naoroji and Gokhale Gandhian Economics -
Economic thought of independent India Nehru s economic philosophy -
Experiences of the Structural adjustment programmes of the post liberalization e
ra.
Suggested Readings
Blaug M. 1964. Economic Theory in Retrospect. Heineman.
Blaug M. 1986. Economic History and the History of Economic Thought.
Wheatsheaf Books, Brighton.
Ekelund RB & Hebert RF. 1975. A History of Economic Theory and Methods.
McGraw-Hill.
John Mills A. 2002. Critical History of Economics: Missed Opportunities.
Palgrave Macmillan.
Screpanti E & Zamagni S. 1995. An Outline of the History of Economic Thought.
Clarendon Press, Oxford.
AG ECON 504 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ECONOMICS 1+1
Objective
To expose the students to the concept, significance and uses of agricultural
production economics.
Theory
UNIT I
Nature, scope and significance of agricultural production economics- Agricultura
l
Production processes, character and dimensions-spatial, temporal - Centrality of
production functions, assumptions of production functions, commonly used forms
- Properties, limitations, specification, estimation and interpretation of commo
nly
used production functions.
UNIT II
Factors of production, classification, interdependence, and factor substitution
Determination
of optimal levels of production and factor application -Optimal
factor combination and least cost combination of production - Theory of product
choice; selection of optimal product combination.
UNIT III
Cost functions and cost curves, components, and cost minimization -Duality
theory cost and production functions and its applications -Derivation of firm s
input demand and output supply functions -Economies and diseconomies of scale.
UNIT IV
Technology in agricultural production, nature and effects and measurement -
Measuring efficiency in agricultural production; technical, allocative and
economic efficiencies - Yield gap analysis-concepts-types and measurement -
Nature and sources of risk, modeling and coping strategies.
Practical
Different forms of production functions -specification, estimation and
interpretation of production functions returns to scale, factor shares, elastici
ty of
production - physical optima-economic optima-least cost combination- optimal
product choice- cost function estimation, interpretation-estimation of yield gap
 -
incorporation of technology in production functions- measuring returns to scale-
risk analysis through linear programming.
41
Suggested Readings
Beattie BR & Taylor CR. 1985. The Economics of Production. John Wiley &
Sons.
Doll JP & Frank O. 1978. Production Economics - Theory and Applications.
John Wiley & Sons.
Gardner BL & Rausser GC. 2001. Handbook of Agricultural Economics. Vol. I.
Agricultural Production. Elsevier.
Heady EO. Economics of Agricultural Production and Resource Use. Prentice-
Hall.
Sankayan PL. 1983. Introduction to Farm Management. Tata Mc Graw Hill.
AG ECON 505 AGRICULTURALMARKETINGANDPRICEANALYSIS 2+1
Objective
To impart adequate knowledge and analytical skills in the field of agricultural
marketing issues, and enhance expertise in improving the performance of the
marketing institutions and the players in marketing of agricultural commodities.

Theory
UNIT I
Review of Concepts in Agricultural Marketing - Characteristic of Agricultural
product and Production Problems in Agricultural Marketing from Demand and
Supply and Institutions sides. Market intermediaries and their role - Need for
regulation in the present context - Marketable & Marketed surplus estimation.
Marketing Efficiency - Structure Conduct and Performance analysis - Vertical and
Horizontal integration - Integration over space, time and form-Vertical coordina
tion.
UNIT II
Marketing Co-operatives APMC Regulated Markets - Direct marketing, Contract
farming and Retailing - Supply Chain Management - State trading, Warehousing
and other Government agencies -Performance and Strategies -Market
infrastructure needs, performance and Government role - Value Chain Finance.
UNIT III
Role of Information Technology and telecommunication in marketing of
agricultural commodities - Market research-Market information service electronic
auctions (e-bay), e-Chaupals, Agmarket and Domestic and Export
market Intelligence Cell (DEMIC) Market extension.
UNIT IV
Spatial and temporal price relationship price forecasting time series analysis
time series models spectral analysis. Price policy and economic development
non-price instruments.
UNIT
V
Theory of storage - Introduction to Commodities markets and future trading
-
Basics of commodity futures - Operation Mechanism of Commodity markets
Price discovery - Hedging and Basis - Fundamental analysis - Technical Analysis
-
Role of Government in promoting commodity trading and regulatory measures.
Practical
Supply and demand elasticities in relation to problems in agricultural marketing
.
Price spread and marketing efficiency analysis. Marketing structure analysis
through concentration ratios. Performance analysis of Regulated market and
42
marketing societies. Analysis on contract farming and supply chain management
of different agricultural commodities, milk and poultry products. Chain Analysis
-
quantitative estimation of supply chain efficiency - Market Intelligence
Characters, Accessibility, and Availability Price forecasting. Online searches f
or
market information sources and interpretation of market intelligence reports
commodity outlook - Technical Analysis for important agricultural commodities -
Fundamental Analysis for important agricultural commodities - Presentation of th
e
survey results and wrap-up discussion.
Suggested Readings
Purecell WD & Koontz SR. 1999. Agricultural Futures and Options: Principles
and Strategies. 2nd Ed. Prentice-Hall.
Rhodes VJ. 1978. The Agricultural Marketing System. Grid Publ., Ohio.
Shepherd SG & Gene AF. 1982. Marketing Farm Products. Iowa State Univ.
Press.
Singhal AK. 1986. Agricultural Marketing in India. Annual Publ., New Delhi.
AG ECON 506 RESEARCHMETHODOLOGYFORSOCIALSCIENCES 1+1 Objective
To expose the students to research methodology used in social sciences. The focu
s
will be on providing knowledge related to research process, data collection and
data analysis etc.
Theory
UNIT I
Importance and scope of research in agricultural economics. Types of research -
Fundamental vs. Applied. Concept of researchable problem research
prioritization selection of research problem. Approach to research research
process.
UNIT II
Hypothesis meaning - characteristics - types of hypothesis review of literature
setting of Course Objective and hypotheses - testing of hypothesis.
UNIT III
Sampling theory and sampling design sampling error - methods of sampling
probability and non-probability sampling methods - criteria to choose. Project
proposals contents and scope different types of projects to meet different needs
trade-off between scope and cost of the study. Research design and techniques
Types of research design.
UNIT IV
Data collection assessment of data needs sources of data collection
discussion of different situations. Mailed questionnaire and interview schedule
structured, unstructured, open ended and closed-ended questions. Scaling
Techniques. Preparation of schedule problems in measurement of variables in
agriculture. Interviewing techniques and field problems - methods of conducting
survey Reconnaissance survey and Pre testing.
UNIT V
Coding editing tabulation validation of data. Tools of analysis data
processing. Interpretation of results Preparing research report / thesis Univers
al
procedures for preparation of bibliography writing of research articles.
Practical
43
Exercises in problem identification. Project proposals contents and scope.
Formulation of Objective and hypotheses. Assessment of data needs sources of
data methods of collection of data. Methods of sampling criteria to choose
discussion on sampling under different situations. Scaling Techniques
measurement of scales. Preparation of interview schedule - Field testing. Method
of conducting survey. Exercise on coding, editing, tabulation and validation of
data. Preparing for data entry into computer. Hypothesis testing Parametric and
Non-Parametric Tests. Exercises on format for Thesis / Report writing.
Presentation of the results.
Suggested Readings
Black TR. 1993. Evaluating Social Science Research - An Introduction. SAGE
Publ.
Creswell JW. 1999. Research Design - Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches.
SAGE Publ.
Dhondyal SP. 1997. Research Methodology in Social Sciences and Essentials of
Thesis Writing. Amman Publ. House, New Delhi.
Kothari CR. 2004. Research Methodology - Methods and Techniques. Wishwa
Prakashan, Chennai.
Rao KV. 1993. Research Methodology in Commerce and Management. Sterling
Publ., New Delhi.
Singh AK. 1993. Tests, Measurements and Research Methods in Behavioural
Sciences. Tata McGraw-Hill.
Venkatasubramanian V. 1999. Introduction to Research Methodology in
Agricultural and Biological Sciences. SAGE Publ.
AG ECON 507 ECONOMETRICS 2+1
Objective
The Course Objective of the course is to impart knowledge on econometric tools t
o
the students of agricultural economics. Training in econometrics will help the
student to analyze the economic problem by applying quantitative techniques.
Theory
UNIT I
Introduction relationship between economic theory, mathematical economics,
models and econometrics, methodology of econometrics-regression analysis.
UNIT II
Basic two variable regression - assumptions estimation and interpretation-
approaches to estimation - OLS, MLE and their properties - extensions to multi
variable models-multiple regression estimation and interpretation.
UNIT III
Violation of assumptions identification, consequences and remedies for
Multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation data problems and remedia
l
approaches - model misspecification.
UNIT IV
Use of dummy variables-limited dependent variables specification, estimation
and interpretation.
UNIT V
Simultaneous equation models structural equations - reduced form equations -
identification and approaches to estimation.
44
Practical
Single equation two variable model specification and estimation - hypothesis
testing-transformations of functional forms and OLS application-estimation of
multiple regression model - hypothesis testing - testing and correcting
specification errors - testing and managing Multicollinearity - testing and
managing heteroscedasticity - testing and managing autocorrelation - estimation
of
regressions with dummy variables - estimation of regression with limited
dependent variable - identification of equations in simultaneous equation system
s.
Suggested Readings
Gujarati DN. 2003. Basic Econometrics. McGraw Hill.
Johnson AG Jr., Johnson MB & Buse RC. 1990. Econometrics - Basic and
Applied. MacMillan.
Kelejan HH & Oates WE. 1994.Introduction to Econometrics Principles and
Applications. Harper and Row Publ.
Koutsoyianis A. 1997. Theory of Econometrics. Barner & Noble.
Maddala GS. 1992. Introduction to Econometrics. MacMillan.
Maddala GS. 1997. Econometrics. McGraw Hill.
Pindyck RS & Rubinfeld DL. 1990. Econometrics Models and Econometric
Forecasts. McGraw Hill.
AG ECON 508 LINEAR PROGRAMMING 1+1 Objective
The Course Objective of the course is to impart knowledge of Linear programming
techniques.
Theory
UNIT I
Decision Making- Concepts of decision making, introduction to quantitative tools
,
introduction to linear programming, uses of LP in different fields, graphic solu
tion
to problems, formulation of problems.
UNIT II
Simplex Method: Concept of simplex Method, solving profit maximization and
cost minimizations problems. Formulation of farms and non farm problems as
linear programming models and solutions.
UNIT III
Extension of Linear Programming models: Variable resource and price
programming, transportation problems, recursive programming, dynamic
programming.
UNIT IV
Game Theory- Concepts of game theory, two person constant sum, zero sum
game, saddle point, solution to mixed strategies, the rectangular game as Linear
Programme.
Practical
Graphical and algebraic formulation of linear programming models. Solving of
maximization and minimization problems by simplex method. Formulation of the
simplex matrices for typical farm situations.
Suggested Readings
Dorfman R. 1996. Linear Programming & Economic Analysis. McGraw Hill.
Loomba NP.2006. Linear Programming. Tata McGraw Hill.
Shenoy G. 1989. Linear Programming-Principles & Applications. Wiley Eastern

Publ.
45
Vaserstein. 2006. Introduction to Linear Programming. Pearson Education
Publication
AG ECON 509 AGRICULTURALFINANCE AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT 2+1
Objective
The Course Objective of the course is to impart knowledge on issues related to
lending to priority sector credit management and financial risk management. The
course would bring in the various appraisal techniques in project - investment o
f
agricultural projects.
Theory
UNIT I
Role and Importance of Agricultural Finance. Financial Institutions and credit f
low
to rural/priority sector. Agricultural lending Direct and Indirect Financing -
Financing through Co-operatives, NABARD and Commercial Banks and RRBs.
District Credit Plan and lending to agriculture/priority sector. Micro-Financing
and
Role of MFI s - NGO s, and SHG s.
UNIT II
Lending to farmers The concept of 3 C s, 7 P s and 3 R's of credit. Estimation of
Technical feasibility, Economic viability and repaying capacity of borrowers and
appraisal of credit proposals. Understanding lenders and developing better
working relationship and supervisory credit system. Credit inclusions credit
widening and credit deepening.
UNIT III
Financial Decisions Investment, Financing, Liquidity and Solvency. Preparation
of financial statements - Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement and Profit and Loss
Account. Ratio Analysis and Assessing the performance of farm/firm.
UNIT IV
Project Approach in financing agriculture. Financial, economic and environmental
appraisal of investment projects. Identification, preparation, appraisal, financ
ing
and implementation of projects. Project Appraisal techniques Undiscounted
measures. Time value of money Use of discounted measures - B-C ratio, NPV
and IRR. Agreements, supervision, monitoring and evaluation phases in appraising
agricultural investment projects. Net work Techniques PERT and CPM.
UNIT V
Risks in financing agriculture. Risk management strategies and coping mechanism.
Crop Insurance programmes review of different crop insurance schemes - yield
loss and weather based insurance and their applications.
Practical
Development of Rural Institutional Lending - Branch expansion, demand and
supply of institutional agricultural credit and Over dues and Loan waiving- : An
overview, Rural Lending Programmes of Commercial Banks, Lead Bank Scheme-
Preparation of District Credit Plan, Rural Lending Programmes of Co-operative
Lending Institutions, Preparation of financial statements using farm/firm level
data, Farm credit appraisal techniques and farm financial analysis through
financial statements, Performance of Micro Financing Institutions - NGO s and
Self-Help Groups, Identification and formulation of investment projects, Project
appraisal techniques Undiscounted Measures and their limitations. Project
appraisal techniques Discounted Measures, Network techniques PERT and
CPM for project management, Case Study Analysis of an Agricultural project,
46
Financial Risk and risk management strategies crop insurance schemes,
Financial instruments and methods E banking, Kisan Cards and core banking.
Suggested Readings
Dhubashi PR. 1986. Policy and Performance - Agricultural and Rural
Development in Post Independent India. Sage Publ.
Gittinger JP 1982. Economic Analysis of Agricultural Projects. The Johns Hopkins
Univ. Press.
Gupta SC. 1987. Development Banking for Rural Development. Deep & Deep
Publ.
Little IMD & Mirlees JA. 1974. Project Appraisal and Planning for Developing
Countries. Oxford & IBH Publ.
Muniraj R. 1987. Farm Finance for Development. Oxford & IBH Publ.
AG ECON 510 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS 1+1
Objective
The expected outcome of this course will be creating awareness among the
students about the role of International Economics on National welfare.
Theory
UNIT I
Scope and Significance of International Economics - The role of trade- General
Equilibrium in a Closed Economy (Autarky Equilibrium) Equilibrium in a
Simple Open Economy - Possibility of World Trade - Trade gains and Trade
Equilibrium.
UNIT II
Tariff, Producer Subsidy, Export Subsidy, Import Quota and Export Voluntary
Restraints- The Case of Small Country and Large Country Case.
UNIT III
Ricardian Model of Trade- Specific Factors Model- Heckscher - Ohlin Model -
Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Offer Curve - Export Supply Elasticity and
Import Demand Elasticity - Comparative Advantage and Absolute Advantage.
UNIT IV
Official Exchange Rate and Shadow Exchange Rate - Walra s Law and Terms of
Trade Trade Blocks.
UNIT V
IMF, World Bank, IDA, IFC, ADB International Trade agreements Uruguay
Round GATT WTO.
Practical
Producer's Surplus, Consumer's Surplus, National Welfare under Autarky and Free
Trade Equilibrium with small and large country assumption- Estimation of Trade
Gains- Estimation of competitive and comparative measures like NPC, EPC, ERP
and DRC- Estimation of Offer Curve Elasticity- Estimation of Effect of Tariff,
Export Subsidy, Producer Subsidy, Import Quota and Export Voluntary Restraints
on National Welfare- Estimation of Ricardian Model - Estimation of Effect of
Trade under Specific Factor Model- Estimation of trade Equilibrium under
Heckscher -Ohlin model - Trade Creation and Diversion.
Suggested Readings
Apple Yard DR & Field AJ Jr. 1995. International Economics - Trade, Theory and
Policy. Irwin, Chicago.
Cherunilam F. 1998. International Economics. Tata McGraw Hill.
47
Krugman PR & Obstfeld M. 2000. International Economics Theory and Policy.
Addison-Wesley.
AG ECON 511 AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND POLICIES 2+0
Objectives

to provide orientation to the students regarding the concepts and measures of

economic development
to provide orientation on theories of economic growth and relevance of theories
in
developing countries.
to make them to understand the agricultural policies and its effect on sustainab
le
agricultural development
to make them to understand the globalization and its impact on agricultural
development.
Theory
UNIT I
Development Economics Scope and Importance - Economic development and
economic growth - divergence in concept and approach - Indicators and
Measurement of Economic Development GNP as a measure of economic growth
New Measures of Welfare NEW and MEW PQLI HDI Green GNP Criteria
for under development Obstacles to economic development Economic
and Non-Economic factors of economic growth.
UNIT II
Economic development meaning, stages of economic development, determinants
of economic growth. Theories of economic growth Ricardian growth model
The Harrod Domar Model The Neo classical Model of Growth The Kaldor
Model Optimal Economic Growth Recent Experiences of developing country
economies in transition Role of state in economic development Government
measures to promote economic development. Introduction to development
planning.
UNIT III
Role of agriculture in economic / rural development theories of agricultural
development Population and food supply - need for sound agricultural policies
resource policies credit policies input and product marketing policies price
policies.
UNIT IV
Development issues, poverty, inequality, unemployment and environmental
degradation Models of Agricultural Development Induced Innovation Model -
policy options for sustainable agricultural development.
UNIT V
Globalization and the relevance of development policy analysis The dilemma of
free trade? Free trade versus Protectionism- Arguments for protection.
Arguments against protection. Role of protection in Developing Countries. WTO
Agreement on Agriculture - Contradictions of free trade - proponents and
opponents policies in vulnerable sectors like agriculture Lessons for developing
countries.
Suggested Readings
Chakaravathi RM. 1986. Under Development and Choices in Agriculture. Heritage
Publ., New Delhi.
Diwett KK. 2002. Modern Economic Theory. S. Chand & Co.
48
Eicher KC & Staatz JM. 1998. International Agricultural Development. Johns
Hopkins Univ. Press.
Frank E. 1992. Agricultural Polices in Developing Countries. Cambridge Univ.
Press.
Ghatak S & Ingersent K. 1984. Agriculture and Economic Development. Select
Book Service Syndicate, New Delhi.
Jhingan ML. 1998. The Economics of Development and Planning. Vrinda Publ.
Jules PN. 1995. Regenerating Agriculture Polices and Practice for Sustainability

and Self Reliance. Vikas Publ. House.

Naqvi SNH. 2002. Development Economics Nature and Significance. Sage Publ.
AG ECON 512 INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS 1+0
Objective
The course exposes the students to the institutional problems and remedies.
Theory
UNIT I
Old and New Institutional Economics - Institutional Economics Vs Neo- classical
Economics. Definition of institutions Distinction between institutions and
organizations - Institutional evolution
UNIT II
Institutional change and economic performance - national and international
economic institutions. Transaction cost economics Transaction costs and the
allocation of resources. Transaction costs and efficiency. Asymmetric informatio
n
- Moral hazard and Principal-Agent problem.
UNIT III
Free rider problem path dependency Interlinked transactions. Collective action
and the elimination of free-rider problem - The logic of collective action and i
ts
role in reducing free rider problem theory of Groups. Rent seeking interest
groups and policy formulation.
UNIT IV
Economic analysis of property rights- property rights regimes private property
State Property - Common property Resources (CPRs) public goods and club
goods.
UNIT V
Special features of institutional arrangements in agriculture Transaction costs
in
agriculture - Case Studies - Theories of agrarian institutions - tenancy institu
tions.
Suggested Readings
Barzel, Y. 1990. Economic Analysis of Property Rights. Cambridge Univ. Press.
Bhardhan P. (Ed.). 1989. The Economic Theory of Agrarian Institutions.
Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Bromley DW. 1989. Economic Interests and Institutions: The Conceptual
Foundations of Public Policy. Basil Blackwell, Cambridge.
Eggertsson T. 1990. Economic Behaviour and Institutions. Cambridge Univ. Press.
Greif A. 2006. Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy: Lessons from
Medieval Trade (Political Economy of Institutions & Decisions).
Cambridge Univ. Press.
Neelakandan S. 1992. New Institutional Economics and Agrarian Change A
Primer. Indian Economic Association Trust for Research and
Development, New Delhi.
49
North DC. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance.
Cambridge Univ. Press.
Ostrom E. 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolutions of Institutions for
Collective Actions. Cambridge Univ. Press.
AG ECON 513 NATURALRESOURCEANDENVIRONMENTAL 1+1
ECONOMICS
Objectives

To introduce economics principles related to natural resource and environmental

economics
To explore the concept of efficiency and the efficient allocation of natural
resources
To understand the economics of why environmental problems occur.
To explore the concept of efficiency and the efficient allocation of pollution
control and pollution prevention decisions.
To understand the environmental policy issues and alternative instruments of
environmental policies
Theory
UNIT I
Concepts, Classification and Problems of Natural Resource Economics Economy
- Environment interaction The Material Balance principle, Entropy law-
Resources Scarcity - Limits to Growth - Measuring and mitigating natural resourc
e
scarcity Malthusian and Recardian scarcity scarcity indices - Resource Scarcity
and Technical Change.
UNIT II
Theory of optimal extraction renewable resources economic models of oil
extraction- efficiency - time path of prices and extraction - Hotelling s rule,
Solow-Harwick's Rule. Theory of optimal extraction exhaustible resources
economic models of forestry and fishery.
UNIT III
Efficiency and markets market failures - externalities types - property rights
transaction costs Coase's theorem and its critique - public goods - common
property and open access resource management - Collective action.
UNIT IV
Environmental perspectives - biocentrism, sustainability, anthropocentrism -
Environmental problems and quality of environment - Sources and types of
pollution -air, water, solid waste, land degradation environmental and economic
impacts - Economics of pollution control - efficient reduction in environmental
pollution.
UNIT V
Environmental regulation economic instruments - pollution charges - Pigovian
tax - tradable permits indirect instruments - environmental legislations in Indi
a.
UNIT VI
Concept of sustainable development - Economic Perspective - Indicators of
sustainability Relation between development and environment stress-
Environmental Kuznet's curve Environmental Accounting resource accounting
methods - International Environmental Issues climate change likely impacts mitig
ation
efforts and international treaties.
Practical
50
Exhaustible resource management optimum rate of oil extraction. Renewable
resource management optimum harvest of Forestry/fishery. Exercise on pollution
abatement I. Exercise on pollution abatement II. Concepts in valuing the
environment. Taxonomy of valuation techniques. Productivity change method
substitute cost method - Hedonic price method - Travel cost method -Contingent
valuation methods. Discount rate in natural resource management. Environment
impact assessment Visit to Pollution Control Board.
Suggested Readings
Ahmad Y, El Serafy S & Lutz E. (Eds.). 1989.Environmental Accounting for
Sustainable Development. World Bank.
Freeman AM. 1993. The Measurement of Environmental and Resource Values.
Resources for the Future Press, Baltimore.
Hackett SC. 2001. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics: Theory,
Policy, and the Sustainable Society. M. E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY.
Hartwick JM & Olewiler ND. 1998. The Economics of Natural Resource Use. 2nd
Ed. Addison-Wesley Educational Publ.
Kerr JM, Marothia DK, Katar Singh, Ramasamy C & Bentley WR. 1997. Natural
Resource Economics: Theory and Applications in India. Oxford & IBH.
Kolstad CD. 2000. Environmental Economics. Oxford Univ. Press.
Pearce DW & Turner K. 1990. Economics of Natural Resources and the
Environment. John Hopkins Univ. Press.
Prato T. 1998. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics. Iowa State Univ.
Press.
Sankar U. 2001. Environmental Economics. Oxford Univ. Press.
Sengupta R. 2000. Ecology and Economy, an Indian Perspective. Oxford Univ.
Press.
Tietenberg T. 2003. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. 6th Ed.
Addison Wesley.
AG ECON 514 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT 1+0
Objective
The Course Objective of the course is to create awareness about intellectual pro
perty
rights in agriculture. The course deals with management of patents, trademark,
geographical indications, copy rights, designs, plant variety protection and bio
diversity
protection. The students will be taught on the Marketing and
Commercialization of Intellectual Properties.
Theory
UNIT I
World Trade Organization- Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) and Intellectual
Property Rights (IPR) - Importance of Intellectual Property Management - IPR and
Economic growth- IPR and Bio diversity -Major areas of concern in Intellectual
Property Management -Technology Transfer and Commercialization-Forms of
different Intellectual Properties generated by agricultural research.
UNIT II
Discovery versus Invention - Patentability of Biological Inventions - Method of
Agriculture and Horticulture- procedure for patent protection: Preparatory work.
Record keeping, writing a patent document, filing the patent document -Types of
patent application-patent application under the Patent cooperation treaty (PCT).
UNIT III
51
Plant genetic resources -Importance and conservation - Sui Generic System -Plant
Varieties Protection and Farmers Rights Act- Registration of Extant varieties -
Registration and protection of New Varieties / Hybrids / Essentially Derived
Varieties - Dispute prevention and settlement -Farmers' Rights.
UNIT IV
Trademark- Geographical Indications of Goods and Commodities Copy rights-
Designs Biodiversity Protection.
UNIT V
Procedures for commercialization of technology - Valuation, Costs and
Pricing of Technology- Licensing and implementation of Intellectual Properties-
Procedures for commercialization Exclusive and non exclusive marketing
rights-Research Exemption and benefit sharing .
Suggested Readings
Ganguli P. 2001. Intellectual Property Rights Unleashing the Knowledge
Economy. Tata McGraw Hill.
Gupta AK. 2003. Rewarding Conservation of Biological and Genetic Resources
and Associated Traditional Knowledge and Contemporary Grass Roots
Creativity. Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad.
Khan SA & Mashelkar R. 2004. Intellectual Property and Competitive Strategies
in the 21st Century. Kluwer Law International, The Hague.
AG ECON 515 RURAL MARKETING 2+0
Objective
To provide understanding regarding issues in rural markets like marketing
environment, consumer behaviour, distribution channels, marketing strategies, et
c.
Theory
UNIT I
Concept and scope of rural marketing, nature and characteristics of rural market
s,
potential of rural markets in India.
UNIT II
Environmental factors - socio-cultural, economic and other environmental factors
affecting rural marketing.
UNIT III
Rural consumer s behaviour - behavior of rural consumers and farmers; buyer
characteristics and buying behaviour; Rural v/s urban markets.
UNIT IV
Rural marketing strategy - Marketing of consumer durable and non-durable goods
and services in the rural markets with special reference to product planning;
product mix, pricing Course Objective, pricing policy and pricing strategy.
UNIT V
Product promotion - Media planning, planning of distribution channels, and
organizing personal selling in rural market in India.
Suggested Readings
Krishnamacharyulu CSG & Ramakrishan L. 2002. Rural Marketing. Pearson Edu.
Ramaswamy VS & Nanakumari S. 2006. Marketing Management. 3rd Ed.
MacMillan.
Singh AK & Pandey S. 2005. Rural Marketing. New Age.
Singh Sukhpal. 2004. Rural Marketing. Vikas Publ. House.
52
AG ECON 516 COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING 2+0 Objective
This course is aimed at providing the basic understanding and the mechanics and
value of futures markets for speculators and hedgers who in turn will serve as p
rice
risk management activities of agribusiness firms.
Theory
UNIT I
History and Evolution of commodity markets Terms and concepts: spot, forward
and futures Markets factors influencing spot and future markets. Speculatory
mechanism in commodity futures.
UNIT II
Transaction and settlement delivery mechanism - role of different agents -
trading strategies -potential impact of interest rate, Foreign Exchange, FDI in
Commodity Markets.
UNIT III
Risk in commodity trading, importance and need for risk management measures -
managing market price risk: hedging, speculation, arbitrage, swaps - pricing and
their features.
UNIT IV
Important global and Indian commodity exchanges - contracts traded special
features -Regulation of Indian commodity exchanges - FMC and its role.
UNIT V
Fundamental Vs Technical analysis construction and interpretation of charts and
chart patterns for analyzing the market trend Market indicators back testing.
Introduction to technical analysis software analyzing trading pattern of differe
nt
commodity groups.
Suggested Readings
Kaufman PJ. 1986. The Concise Handbook of Futures Markets. John Wiley &
Sons.
Leuthold RM, Junkus JC & Cordier JE. 1989. The Theory and Practice of Futures
Markets. Lexington Books.
Lofton T. 1993. Getting Started in Futures. 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 1993.
Purcell WD. 1991. Agricultural Futures and Options: Principles and Strategies.
Macmillan Publ.
Wasendorf RR & McCafferty 1993. All about Commodities from the Inside Out.
McGraw-Hill.
AG ECON 601 ADVANCED MICRO ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 1+1
Objectives
The Course Objective of this course is to introduce the theoretical models and
applications of microeconomic theory. In particular, the basic comparative
statistical techniques and the more modern duality theory will be developed and
applied to the models of maximization, unconstrained and constrained utility
maximization, expenditure minimization, constrained profit maximization, and
cost and expenditure minimization. These mathematical structures form the basic
building blocks of neoclassical economics; this course will stress the developme
nt
and application of these important models. We follow a calculus rather than a
graphical approach to the theory. In the subsequent sections of the course, we
53
provide a fairly rigorous exposure to price determination under different market
situations, general equilibrium theory, causes and consequences of market failur
e
and welfare economics including the theory of public choice.
Theory
UNIT I
Theory of consumer behaviour Duality in consumer theory - expenditure
function and indirect utility function - Measurement of Income Effect and
Substitution Effect. Measurement of Changes in Consumers Welfare
Consumer s Surplus, Compensating Variation and Equivalent Variation - Dynamic
versions of demand functions Integrability of demand functions. Demand
Models Linear Expenditure System, Almost Ideal Demand System. Applications
of consumer theory Household model and time allocation Labour supply
decisions by households.
UNIT II
Perfect competition Monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly.
Oligopoly models collusive and non-collusive models of oligopoly - Cournot
model, Chamberlin model, Stackleberg solution.
UNIT III
General equilibrium theory Conceptual overview - General equilibrium
conditions with Production and Consumption. Existence, Uniqueness and Stability
of general competitive equilibrium. Walrasian general equilibrium Mathematical
derivation of conditions for general equilibrium.
UNIT IV
Market failure - Incomplete markets - Asymmetric information Principal-Agent
problem, adverse selection and moral hazard. Externalities Network externalities

- Public goods Optimal provision of public goods.

UNIT V
Welfare Economics - Concepts, problems, approaches and limitations of Welfare
Economics, Pareto conditions of maximum welfare Criteria for social welfare -
Social Welfare functions, Social versus Private costs and benefits.
Practical
Problems in consumer utility maximization Estimation of income and
substitution effects; Estimation and comparison of Consumer s surplus, equivalent
variation and compensating variation. Estimation of demand models Derivation
and estimation of labour supply equations from household models comparative
static analysis in consumption. Advanced problem solving in price determination
under perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition.
Game theory models. Problems solving in General Equilibrium Theory and
Welfare Economics. Problems in public goods provision.
Suggested Readings
Chiang AC. 1981. Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics. McGraw-
Hill.
Henderson JM & Quandt RE. Microeconomic Theory: A Mathematical Approach.
McGraw-Hill.
Koutsoyiannis A. 2003. Modern Microeconomics. The Macmillan Press.
Kreps DM. 1990. A Course in Microeconomic Theory. Princeton Univ. Press.
Silberberg E & Suen W. 2001. The Structure of Economics - A Mathematical
Analysis. McGraw-Hill.
Varian HR. 1992. Microeconomic Analysis. WW Norton & Co.

54
Varian HR. 1999. Intermediate Microeconomics. Affiliated East-West Press.
AG ECON 602 ADVANCED MACRO ECONOMICS ANALYSIS 2+0
Objective
Advanced macroeconomics course will be offered to PhD students of Agricultural
Economics with the following Course Objective.

to understand the macroeconomic theory

to examine the macroeconomic Policy issues
to analyze the macroeconomic Policy implications
Theory
UNIT I
Review of Macro Economics concepts-Comparative statistics- Keynesian theory-
Consumption Function and Theories of Consumption -Saving Function and
Theories of Saving.
UNIT II
Theories of Investment-Savings and Investment Equality - IS - LM Framework
and its mand for and Supply of Money-Monetary Policy in the static model
Inflation.
UNIT III
Stagflation and Supply side Economics - Theory of Unemployment - Phillips
Curve controversy - Inflation, Productivity and distribution - Fiscal policy:
Effectiveness and Problems.
UNIT IV
Social Accounting Matrix Framework - General Equilibrium Analysis -
Neo classical Macro Economics - Stochastic Macro Economics.
UNIT V
BOP & Adjustment Policies - Foreign Exchange Policy - Foreign sector : Capital
and Current Account - Impact of WTO on Indian Economy - Impact of IMF &
IBRD on Indian Economy - Review of Macro Economic Policies in India.
Suggested Readings
Diulio EA. 2006. Macroeconomics. 4th Ed. Schaums Outlines.
Frogen RT. 1999. Macro Economic: Theory and Policies. 6th Ed. Prentice Hall.
Samuelson PA & Nordhaus WD. 2004. Economics. McGraw-Hill.
Shapiro E. 1989. Macro Economic Analysis. Galgotia Publ.

AG ECON 603 ADVANCED ECONOMETRICS 2+1

Objective
The Course Objective of the course is to impart knowledge on advanced
econometric tools to the Research Scholars of agricultural economics. Training i
n
advanced econometrics will help the Research Scholars to analyze the economic
problem by applying quantitative techniques.
Theory
UNIT I
Review of classical regression model review of hypothesis testing restrictions
on parameters single equation techniques.
UNIT II
Ordinary least squares weighted least squares - generalized least squares
method of principal components instrumental variables method - maximum
55
likelihood method - errors in variables, non-linearity and specification tests n
on
spherical error terms.
UNIT III
Dummy variables - Qualitative and truncated dependent variables - limited
dependent variables LPM, probit and logit models, their multinomial extensions.
UNIT IV
Autoregressive distributed lag models panel data fixed and random effects
models and their extensions.
UNIT V
Simultaneous equation methods identification estimation by indirect least
squares 2SLS, PIML, SURE, 3SLS.
Practical
Estimation of multiple regression model - GLS estimation methods - testing
misspecification errors Testing and Managing multicollinearity,
heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation - estimation of LPM, Logit and Probit
models - comparing two regressions - Chow test - estimation of distributed lag
models panel data random and fixed effects models - Indirect least squares
2SLS, SURE, 3SLS, estimation of simultaneous equation models
Suggested Readings
Greene WH. 2002. Econometric Analysis. Pearson Edu.
Johnston J & Dinardo J. 2000. Econometric Methods. McGraw-Hill.
Kelejan HH & Oates WE. 2001. Introduction to Econometrics Principles and

Applications. Harper & Row.

Maddala GS. 2002. Econometrics. McGraw Hill.

AG ECON 604 ADVANCED PRODUCTION ECONOMICS 2+1

Objective
To expose the students to the concept, significance and uses of advance producti
on
economics.
Theory
UNIT I
Agricultural Production process Relationship between farm planning and
production economics-scope of agricultural production and planning-
methods/procedures in agro-economic research and planning.
UNIT II
Production functions, components, assumptions, properties and their economic
interpretation - Concepts of homogeneity, homotheticity, APP, MPP, elasticities
of
substitution and their economic relevance Production relations optimality-
Commonly used functional forms, nature, properties, limitations, estimation and
interpretation -linear, Spillman -Cobb Douglas, quadratic, multiplicative (power
)
functional forms - Translog, and transcendental functional forms -CES, productio
n
functional forms-Conceptual and empirical issues in specification, estimation an
d
application of production functions- Analytical approaches to economic optimum -
Economic optimum determination of economic optimum with constant and
varying input and output prices- Economic optimum with production function
analysis - input use behaviour.
UNIT III
Decision making with multiple inputs and outputs MRT and product
relationship-cost of production and adjustment in output prices-single input and
multiple product decisions- Multi input, and multi product production decisions
-
56
Decision making with no risk -Cost of wrong decisions - Cost curves Principles
and importance of duality theory - Correspondence of production, cost, and profi
t
functions - Principles and derivation of demand and supply functions .
UNIT IV
Technology, input use and factor shares -effect of technology on input use-
decomposition analysis-factor shares-estimation methods- Economic efficiency in
agricultural production technical, allocative and economic efficiency
measurement -Yield gaps analysis concepts and measurement - Risk and
uncertainty in agriculture incorporation of risk and uncertainty in decision
making risk and uncertainty and input use level-risk programming.
UNIT V
Simulation and programming techniques in agricultural production-Multiple
Course Objective Programming Goal programming and Compromise
programming applications.
Practical
Estimation of different forms of production functions- Optimal input and product
choice from estimated functions-Derivation of demand and supply functions and
estimation-Estimation of cost function and interpretations-Optimal product and
input choice under multi input and output system-Estimation of factor shares fro
m
empirical functions estimated-Estimating production functions incorporating
technology changes: Decomposition analysis and incorporation of technology-
Estimation of efficiency measures Stochastic, probabilistic and deterministic
frontier production functions-Risk programming MOTAD-Quadratic
programming-Simulation models for agricultural production decisions-Goal
programming Weighted, lexicographic and fuzzy goal programming-
Compromise programming.
Suggested Readings
Chambers RG. 1988. Applied Production Analysis. Cambridge Univ. Press.
Gardner BL & Rausser GC. 2001. Handbook of Agricultural Economics. Vol. IA
Agricultural Production. Elsevier.
Palanisami KP, Paramasivam & Ranganathan CR. 2002. Agricultural Production
Economics: Analytical Methods and Applications. Associated Publishing
Co.
AG ECON 605 QUANTITATIVEDEVELOPMENTPOLICYANALYSIS 1+1
Objective

The course trains the Scholars in the art of informed decision making and
helps them to appreciate the value of the analytical basis in policy decisions.
They are given hands on training on the estimation and use of various
criteria such as elasticities in making QDPA more meaningful
The scholars make extensive reviews to get acquainted with the analytical
relevance and in drawing inferences.
Theory
UNIT
I
Policy framework goals, value, beliefs and welfare maximization. Market
Policy and State State vs. Market Failure of Policy Failure of Markets
-
Rationale for Government Intervention. Role of Quantitative Policy Analysis.

57
UNIT II
Demand analysis for policymaking Alternative approaches to demand analysis
Policy implications. Supply response Alternative approaches to measurement of
supply response Nerlovian models of supply response Policy implications.
UNIT III
Household behaviour and policy analysis Household models.
UNIT IV
Partial equilibrium analysis Concept of reference prices Price distortions
indicators and impact. Transaction costs Implications for efficiency and
productivity Institutional solutions - Multi market approach to policy analysis.
UNIT V
Social Accounting Matrices and multipliers - Computable General Equilibrium
models to assess economy wide impact of policy changes.
Practical
Review of criteria for policy evaluation Estimation of price elasticities Review
of estimation of complete demand systems Estimation of Nerlovian supply
Response model Review of Household models Specification and estimation of
household models Partial equilibrium analysis Input output table Social
Accounting Matrix Construction of a SAM computation of Multipliers Multi
Market Analysis Review of Computable General Equilibrium Models.
Suggested Readings
Chenery H & Srinivasan TN. (Eds.). 1988. Hand book of Development
Economics. North-Holland.
Eicher KC & Staatz JM. 1998. International Agricultural Development. Johns
Hopkins Univ. Press.
Fischer G, Miller J & Sidney MS. (Eds.). 2007. Handbook of Public Policy
Analysis: Theory, Politics and Methods. CRC Press.
Frank E. 1992. Agricultural Polices in Developing Countries. Cambridge Univ.
Press.
Ghatak S & Ingersent K. 1984. Agriculture and Economic Development. Select
Book Service Syndicate.
Kindleberger PC. 1977. Economic Development. McGraw Hill.
Meier MG & Stigilitz JE. 2001. Frontiers of Development Economics- the Future
Perspective. Oxford Univ. Press.
Sadoulet E & de Janvry A. 1995. Quantitative Development Policy Analysis.
(London: John Hopkins Univ. Press.
Shoven Neck R, Christian R & Mooslechner P. (Eds.). 2008. Quantitative
Economic Policy Essays in Honour of Andrew Hughes Hallett.
AG ECON 606
Objective
ADVANCED AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AND
PRICE ANALYSIS
2+1
The main Course Objective of this course is to critically analyze the important
marketing concepts, models, properties of agricultural commodity prices and
forecasting, data collection and analysis using current software etc., in order
to
make them policy decisions in the field of agricultural marketing.
Theory
UNIT I
Importance of market analysis in the agricultural system - types of marketing-
advantages and disadvantages - quantitative estimation -the distinguishing
58
characteristics and role of agricultural prices -data sources for agricultural
products and prices - softwares used in market analysis.
UNIT II
Role of various formal institutions in agricultural marketing - and functions -
measuring their efficiency - public - private partnership - institutional
arrangements. Successful case studies.
UNIT III
Multi market estimation, supply response models. Market integration and price
transmission - supply / value chain management. GAP analysis. Current trends in
information in the changing agrifood system.
UNIT IV
Agricultural commodity marketing -spot and futures- marketing of
derivatives-speculation, hedging, swap, arbitrage etc. commodity
exchanges - price discovery and risk management in commodity markets-
Regulatory mechanism of futures trading.
UNIT V
Lag operators and difference equations; stationary and stochastic
processes; UNIT roots and cointegration; conditional heteroscedasticity:
ARCH and GARCH models -forecast evaluation; methods of
forecasting. price indices and econometric estimation and simulation.
Practical
Estimation of demand/ supply forecasting, supply chain / value chain
analysis for different commodities - Commodity models- multi market
estimation- time series analysis -market integration studies- price
discovery price volatility estimation - commodity price forecasting using
econometric softwares.
Suggested Readings
Ferris JN. 1998. Agricultural Prices and Commodity Market Analysis. McGraw-Hill.
Goodwin JW. 1994. Agricultural Price Analysis and Forecasting. Wiley.
Hallam D. 1990. Econometric Modeling of Agricultural Commodity Markets. New

Routledge.
Martimort D. (Ed.). 1996. Agricultural Markets: Mechanisms, Failures, and
Regulations. Elsevier.
Schrimper RA. 2001. Economics of Agricultural Markets. Pearson.
Timmer CP. 1986. Getting Prices Right. Cornell University Press.
Tomek WG & Robinson KL. 2003. Agricultural Product Prices. 4th Ed.
Cornell University Press.
AG ECON 607 COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING 2+0 Objective
This course is aimed at providing the basic understanding and the mechanics and
value of futures markets for speculators and hedgers which in turn will serve as
price risk management activities of agribusiness firms.
Theory
UNIT I
History and Evolution of commodity markets Terms and concepts: spot, forward
and futures Markets factors influencing spot and future markets. Speculatory
mechanism in commodity futures.
UNIT II
59
Transaction and settlement delivery mechanism - role of different agents -
trading strategies -potential impact of interest rate, Foreign Exchange, FDI in
Commodity Markets.
UNIT III
Risk in commodity trading, importance and need for risk management measures -
managing market price risk: hedging, speculation, arbitrage, swaps - pricing and
their features.
UNIT IV
Important global and Indian commodity exchanges - contracts traded special
features -Regulation of Indian commodity exchanges - FMC and its role.
UNIT V
Fundamental Vs Technical analysis construction and interpretation of charts and
chart patterns for analyzing the market trend Market indicators back testing.
Introduction to technical analysis software analyzing trading pattern of differe
nt
commodity groups.
Suggested Readings
Kaufman PJ. 1986. The Concise Handbook of Futures Markets. John Wiley &
Sons.
Leuthold RM, Junkus JC & Cordier JE. 1989. The Theory and Practice of Futures
Markets. Lexington Books.
Lofton T. 1993. Getting Started in Futures. 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons.
Purcell WD. 1991. Agricultural Futures and Options: Principles and Strategies.
Macmillan Publ.
Wasendorf RR & McCafferty. 1993. All about Commodities from the Inside Out.
McGraw-Hill.
AG ECON 608 NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 1+1
Objectives
This is an applied economics course that focuses on the economic analysis of
natural resources, and seeks to identify and solve natural resource management
problems via mathematical approach using dynamic optimization techniques.
During the course, we will encounter bio-economic models of natural resources
including the classic and more recent forestry and fisheries models, models of l
and
and water use and extraction of non-renewable resources (such as from a mineral
deposit). We will focus on intuition and understanding of the economic analysis
rather than complicated mathematical models in this class. That said, natural
resource problems are inherently dynamic, so some mathematical modeling of
biophysical and economic processes will be required. Using computers as an aid t
o
understanding the models will be an important part of the class. The primary too
l
will be Microsoft Excel, which is the easiest introduction to computational
optimization and graphical representation of the results.
Theory
UNIT I
Natural resources - definition - characteristics and classification. Stock dynam
ics
of renewable and non-renewable resources. Equation of motion for renewable and
non-renewable resources. Fundamental equation of renewable resources.
UNIT II
60
Growth curves of fishery and forest resources. The role of time preference in
natural resource use. Simple two-period model of optimal use of renewable and
non-renewable resources. Advanced models of optimal resource use Static Vs.
dynamic efficiency in natural resource use Applications of dynamic programming
and optimal control.
UNIT III
Economics of groundwater use - optimal extraction of groundwater. Analytical and
numerical solutions for optimal inter-temporal allocation of natural resources.
Optimal harvesting of single rotation and multiple rotation forests. Optimal
management of fishery.
UNIT IV
Property rights in natural resources and their implication for conservation and
management of natural resources. Management of common property natural
resources Institutional arrangements for conservation and management of
common pool fishery, groundwater and forestry resource.
UNIT V
Resource scarcity Natural resource degradation Poverty and resource
degradation Natural resource accounting - Pricing and valuation of natural
resources Natural resources policy.
Practical
Derivation of the fundamental equation of renewable resources-Estimation of
growth curves and stock dynamics for fishery and forestry resources. Simple two
period problem of optimal resource use Numerical solution for simple two-
period model of dynamic efficiency in natural resource extraction. Multi-period
dynamic efficiency Using Excel Solver in solving dynamic natural resource
harvesting problems. Using analytical solution procedures for solving natural
resource management problems Optimal control.
Suggested Readings
Baland J-M & Platteau JP. 1996. Halting Degradation of Natural Resources: Is
There a Role for Rural Communities? Clarendon Press and FAO.
Carlson GA, Miranowski J & Zilberman D. 1998. Agricultural and Environmental
Resource Economics. Oxford Univ. Press.
Chiang AC. 1992. Elements of Dynamic Optimization. Waveland Press.
Clark CW. 1976. Mathematical Bioeconomics: The Optimal Management of
Renewable Resources. John Wiley and Sons.
Conrad JM & Clark CW. 1997. Natural Resource Economics: Notes and
Problems. Cambridge Univ. Press.
Conrad JM. 1999. Resource Economics. Cambridge University Press.
Fisher AC. 1981. Resource and Environmental Economics. Cambridge Univ.
Press.
Prato T. 1998. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics. Iowa State Univ.
Press.
Sterner T. 2003. Policy Instruments for Environmental and Natural Resource
Management. Resources for the Future, Washington DC.
AG ECON 609 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS 2+1
Objective
The main objective of this course is to provide an advanced treatment of the
economic theory of environmental management and policy, externalities and
market and non-market approaches to environmental improvement. Topics in
61
economic growth and environmental problems, poverty and environmental
degradation, conservation and sustainable economic growth, intergenerational and
global environmental problems, policy issues in environmental regulation and
management will be covered at a sufficient depth so as to equip the students wit
h
the recent developments in the field.
Theory
UNIT I
Environmental pollution as a consequence of market failure - Causes and
consequences of market failure - Externalities - Public goods and externalities
Economics
of pollution Private vs. Social cost of environmental pollution
Property rights, environment and development Theory of environmental policy.
UNIT II
Environmental cost benefit analysis - Environmental impact assessment techniques

- Non-market valuation of environmental resources (WTP / WTA) - Environment,

market and social welfare.
UNIT III
Economic growth and environmental cost - Growth oriented economic policies
and their environmental impacts - Population and environmental quality - poverty
and environmental degradation Sustainable development Indicators of
sustainable development Issues in sustainable development.
UNIT IV
Environment, ecology and environmental accounting - Environmental pollution
with respect to water and air - Land and forest resources related environmental
pollution - Coastal externalities - Urbanization and environment - Basic
approaches to environmental policy (Tax, subsidy, pollution permits etc.) Green
taxes - Political economy of environmental regulation and management.
UNIT V
Transboundary environmental problems - Economics of global warming, climate
change and emission trading - Environment, international trade and development.
Practical
Contemporary global environmental global environmental issues, movement,
policies, programmes, laws and other regulatory mechanisms - Criteria for
evaluating the environment related projects and review of Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) techniques - Recreation demand models of environmental
valuation - Contingent valuation techniques - Environmental Resource Accounting
Techniques - Discussion on the techniques dealing with air pollution and review
of
case studies on air pollution and its impacts - forest environment and wild life
conservation - Green GDP and Green house insurance - Practical considerations
and comparison of instruments of environmental policy - Non-point source
pollution control methodologies - Environment in macroeconomic modeling -
Meta-analysis, economic valuation and environmental economics - Multi-criteria
methods for quantitative, qualitative and fuzzy evaluation problems related to
environment - Input output analysis, technology and the environment -
Computable general equilibrium models for environmental economics and policy
analysis.
Suggested Readings
Carlson GA, Miranowski J & Zilberman D. 1998. Agricultural and Environmental
Resource Economics. Oxford Univ. Press.
62
Hanley N, Shogren J & White B. 2007. Environmental Economics in Theory and
Practice. Palgrave, London.
Kolstad C. 1999. Environmental Economics. Oxford Univ. Press.
Prato T. 1998. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics. Iowa State Univ.
Press.
Sterner T. 2003. Policy Instruments for Environmental and Natural Resource
Management. Resources for the Future. The World Bank and SIDA.
63
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
List of Journals

Agricultural Economics Research Review

Agricultural Finance Review
Agricultural Marketing
Agriculture and Agro-industries Journal
Agriculture Statistics at a Glance
APEDA Trade yearbook
Asian Economic and Social Review (Old Series)
Bulletin of Agricultural Prices
Economic and Political Weekly
Economic Survey of Asia and Far East
FAO Commodity Review and Outlook
FAO Production Year book
FAO Trade year book
Indian Cooperative Review
Indian Economic Journal
Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics
Indian Journal of Agricultural Marketing
Indian Journal of Economics
International Food Policy Research Institute Research Report
Journal of Agricultural Development and Policy
Journal of Agricultural Economics
Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development
Journal of Farm Economics
Land Economics
Productivity
Reserve Bank of India Bulletin
Rural Economics and Management
World Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology Abstracts
World Agricultural Production and Trade: Statistical Report
Yojana
Agricultural Situation in India
e- Resources

www.pearsoned.com (Pearson Education Publication)

www.mcgraw-hill.com (McGraw-Hill Publishing Company)
www.oup.com (Oxford University Press)
www.emeraldinsight.com (Emerald Group Publishing)
www.sagepub.com (Sage publications)
www.isaeindia.org (Indian Society of Agricultural Economics)
www.macmillanindia.com (Macmillan Publishing)
www.icar.org.in (Indian Council of Agricultural Research)
www.khoj.com (Directory for Agricultural Economics)
64
www.ncap.res.in (National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy
Research)
www.ncdex.com (National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange Limited)
www.phdcci.in (PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry)
www.ficci.com (Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry)
www.assocham.org (Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India)
www.apeda.com (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development
Authority)
www.mpeda.com (Marine Products Export Development Authority)
Suggested Broad Topics for Master s and Doctoral Research

Economics of Irrigation water in different agro-climatic conditions

Potential of exports of agri-products
Potential domestic as well as international markets for value added agri-product
s
Demand & supply gap of different agri-products and agri-inputs
Economic analysis of new agri-technologies
Input use efficiency in different agro-climatic conditions
Income and expenditure pattern in rural areas
Saving and investment pattern in rural areas
Return from investment in agriculture research
Marketing of agri-products in WTO regime
Impact of WTO on agricultural economy
Impact of Agricultural credit on socio-economic condition of the farmers
Optimization of production process to reduce the cost of production
Economic analysis of diversification, processing and value addition in agricultu
re
sector
Emerging international marketing scenario of agri-products
Extent of farmers indebtedness in different agro-climatic conditions
65
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
Course Structure at a Glance
CODE COURSE TITLE CREDITS
EXT 501* DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF EXTENSION EDUCATION 1+1
EXT 502* DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT
2+1
EXT 503* DIFFUSION AND ADOPTION OF INNOVATIONS 2+1
EXT 504* RESEARCH METHODS IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2+1
EXT 505* E-EXTENSION 2+1
EXT 506* ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT IN
EXTENSION
2+1
EXT 507* HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT 2+1
EXT 508 VISUAL COMMUNICATION 2+1
EXT 509 PARTICIPATORY METHODS FOR TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
AND TRANSFER
1+1
EXT 510 GENDER SENSITIZATION FOR DEVELOPMENT 2+1
EXT 511 PERSPECTIVES OF DISTANCE EDUCATION 2+0
EXT 512 MARKET-LED EXTENSION 2+0
EXT 591 MASTER S SEMINAR 1+0
EXT 599 MASTER S RESEARCH 20
EXT 601** ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2+1
EXT 602** ADVANCED DESIGN AND TECHNIQUES IN SOCIAL SCIENCE
RESEARCH
2+1
EXT 603** ADVANCES IN TRAINING TECHNOLOGY 2+1
EXT 604** ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 2+1
EXT 605** ADVANCED INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2+1
EXT 606 THEORY CONSTRUCTION IN SOCIAL SCIENCES 2+0
EXT 607 ADVANCED MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES 2+1
EXT 608 MEDIA MANAGEMENT 2+1
EXT 609 TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE 2+1
EXT 691 DOCTORAL SEMINAR I 1+0
EXT 692 DOCTORAL SEMINAR II 1+0
EXT 699 DOCTORAL RESEARCH 45
* Compulsory for Master s programme; ** Compulsory for Doctoral programme
The following Basic Supporting courses (5 credits) are recommended for M. Sc. /
Ph. D. programmes
M. Sc.
STAT STATISTICAL METHODS FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES 2+1
STAT NON-PARAMETRICS 2+0
Ph. D.
STAT STATISTICS 2+1
STAT COMPUTER APPLICATION 1+1
66
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
Course contents

EXT 501 DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF EXTENSION 1+1

EDUCATION
Objective
The course is intended to orient the students with the concept of extension
education and its importance in Agriculture development and also to expose the
students with various Rural development programmes aimed at poverty alleviation
and to increase employment opportunites and their analysis. Besides, the student
s
will be learning about the new innovations being brought into the Agricultural
Extension in India.
Theory
UNIT I
Extension Education Meaning, objectives, concepts, principles and philosophy,
critical analysis of definitions Extension Education as a Profession Adult
Education and Distance Education.
UNIT II
Pioneering Extension efforts and their implications in Indian Agricultural
Extension Analysis of Extension systems of ICAR and SAU State Departments
Extension system and NGOs Role of Extension in Agricultural University.
UNIT III
Poverty Alleviation Programmes SGSY, SGRY, PMGSY, DPAP, DDP,
CAPART Employment Generation Programmes NREGP, Women
Development Programmes ICDS, MSY, RMK, Problems in Rural Development.
UNIT IV
Current Approaches in Extension: Decentralised Decision Making, Bottom up
Planning, Farming System Approach, Farming Situation Based Extension, Market
Led Extension, Farm Field School, ATIC, Kisan Call Centres, NAIP.
Practical
Visit to Gram Panchayat to study on-going Rural Development Programmes, Visit
to KVK, NGO and Extension centers of State Agricultural University and State
Departments, Bottom up planning, Report preparation and presentations.
Suggested Readings
Chandrakandan KM, Senthil Kumar & Swatilaxmi. PS. 2005. Extension Education
What? And What Not ? RBSA Publ.
Gallagher K. 1999. Farmers Field School (FFS) A Group Extension Process
based on Non-Formal Education Methods. Global EPM Facility, FAO.
Ganesan R, Iqbal IM & Anandaraja N. 2003. Reaching the Unreached: Basics of
Extension Education. Associated Publishing Co.
Jalihal KA & Veerabhadraiah V. 2007. Fundamentals of Extension Education and
Management in Extension. Concept Publ.
Khan PM. 2002. Textbook of Extension Education. Himalaya Publ.
Ray GL. 2006. Extension Communication and Management. Kalyani Publ.
Van Den Ban AW & Hawkins HS. 1998. Agricultural Extension .2nd Ed. CBS.
Viswanathan M. 1994. Women in Agriculture and Rural Development. Printwell
Publ.
EXT 502
DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION AND 2+1
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
67
Objective
In this course, students will learn about the concept, meaning and process of
communication and various methods and modern media of
communication.Besides, the students will also learn the information management
and journalistic writing of various information materials and also study their
readability.
Theory
UNIT I
Communication process concept, elements and their characteristics Models and
theories of communication Communication skills fidelity of communication,
communication competence and empathy, communication effectiveness and
credibility, feedback in communication, social networks and Development
communication Barriers in communication, Message Meaning, dimensions of
a message, characteristics of a good message, Message treatment and
effectiveness, distortion of message.
UNIT II
Methods of communication Meaning and functions, classification. Forms of
communication Oral and written communication, Non-verbal communication,
interpersonal communication, organizational communication. Key communicators
Meaning, characteristics and their role in development.
UNIT III
Media in communication Role of mass media in dissemination of farm
technology, Effect of media mix for Rural People. Modern communication media
Electronic video, Tele Text, Tele conference, Computer Assisted Instruction,
Computer technology and its implications.
UNIT IV
Agricultural Journalism as a means of mass communication, Its form and role in
rural development, Basics of writing News stories, feature articles, magazine
articles, farm bulletins and folders. Techniques of collection of materials for
news
stories and feature articles; Rewriting Art of clear writing, Readability and
comprehension testing procedures; photo journalism, communicating with
pictures, Radio and TV Journalism, Techniques of writing scripts for Radio and
TV.
Suggested Readings
Dahama OP & Bhatnagar OP. 2005. Education and Communication for
Development. Oxford & IBH.
Grover I, Kaushik S, Yadav L & Varma SK. 2002. Communication and
Instructional Technology. Agrotech Publ. Academy.
Jana BL & Mitra KP. 2005. Farm Journalism. Agrotech Publ. Academy.
Ray GL. 2006. Extension Communication and Management. Kalyani Publ.
Rayudu CS.2002. Communication. Himalaya Publ. House.
Reddy AA. 1987. Extension Education. Sree Lakshmi Press, Bapatla.
Sandhu AS. 2004. Textbook on Agricultural Communication Process and

Methods. Oxford & IBH.

EXT 503 DIFFUSION AND ADOPTION OF INNOVATIONS 2+1
Objective
The students will learn how the agricultural innovations spread among the farmer
s
in the society by getting into the insights of diffusion concept and adoption
68
process, stages of adoption and innovation decision process, adopter categories
and their characteristics, opinion leaders and their characteristics, attributes
of
innovations, and factors influencing adoption. In addition, the students would b
e
learning various concepts related to diffusion and adoption of innovations.
Theory
UNIT I
Diffusion concept and meaning, elements; traditions of research on diffusion; th
e
generation of innovations; innovation-development process; tracing the
innovation-development process, converting research into practice.
UNIT II
The adoption process- concept and stages, dynamic nature of stages, covert and
overt processes at stages, the innovation-decision process a critical appraisal
of
the new formulation.
UNIT III
Adopter categories Innovativeness and adopter categories, adopter categories as
ideal types, characteristics of adopter categories; Perceived attributes of Inno
vation
and their rate of adoption, factors influencing rate of adoption.
UNIT IV
Diffusion effect and concept of over adoption, opinion leadership- measurement
and characteristics of opinion leaders, monomorphic and polymorphic opinion
leadership, multi-step flow of innovation; concepts of homophily and heterophily
and their influence on flow of innovations; Types of innovation-decisions
Optional, Collective and Authority and contingent innovation decisions;
Consequences of Innovation-Decisions Desirable or Undesirable, direct or
indirect, anticipated or unanticipated consequences; Decision making meaning,
theories, process, steps, factors influencing decision making.
Practical
Case studies in individual and community adoption process, content analysis of
adoption studies, Identification of adopter categories on a selected technology,
study of attributes of current farm technologies, Identification of opinion lead
ers,
Sources of information at different stages of adoption on a selected technology,
study of factors increasing or retarding the rate of adoption, presentation of r
eports
on adoption and diffusion of innovations.
Suggested Readings
Dasgupta. 1989. Diffusion Agricultural Innovations in Village India. Wiley
Eastern.
Jalihal KA & Veerabhadraiah V. 2007. Fundamentals of Extension Education and
Management in Extension. Concept Publ. Co.
Ray GL. 2005. Extension Communication and Management. Kalyani Publ.
Reddy AA. 1987. Extension Education. Sree Lakshmi Press, Bapatla.
Rogers EM. 2003. Diffusion of Innovations. 5th Ed. The Free Press, New
York.
EXT 504 RESEARCH METHODS IN BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCE 2+1
Objective
This course is designed with a view to provide knowledge and skills in methods o
f
behavioural sciences research and student will learn the Statistical Package for
Social Sciences ( SPSS) for choosing appropriate statistics for data analysis.
Theory
UNIT I
69
Research Meaning, importance, characteristics. Behavioural sciences research
Meaning, concept and problems in behavioural sciences research. Types and
methods of Research Fundamental, Applied and Action research, Exploratory,
Descriptive, Diagnostic, Evaluation, Experimental, Analytical, Historical, Surve
y
and Case Study. Review of literature Need, Search Procedure, Sources of
literature, Planning the review work. Research problem Selection and
Formulation of research problem and guiding principles in the choice of research
problem, Factors and criteria in selection of research problem, statement of
research problem and development of theoretical orientation of the research
problem.
UNIT II
Objectives Meaning, types and criteria for judging the objectives. Concept and
Construct Meaning, role of concepts in research and Conceptual frame work
development in research. Variable Meaning, types and their role in research.
Definition Meaning, characteristics of workable definitions, types and their rol
e
in research. Hypothesis Meaning, importance and functions of hypothesis in
research, Types of hypothesis, linkages, sources, problems in formulation and
criteria for judging a workable hypothesis. Measurement Meaning, postulates
and levels of measurement, Use of appropriate statistics at different levels of
measurement, criteria for judging the measuring instrument and importance of
measurement in research. Validity Meaning and methods of testing. Reliability
Meaning and methods of testing. Sampling Universe, Sample and Sampling-
Meaning, basis for sampling, advantages and limitations, size and factors affect
ing
the size of the sample and sampling errors Methods of elimination and
minimizing, Maximincon Principle, Sampling Types of sampling and sampling
procedures.
UNIT III
Research Designs Meaning, purpose and criteria for research design, Types,
advantages and limitations of each design. Experimental design Advantages and
limitations. Data Collection devices - Interview Meaning, purpose, types,
techniques of interviewing and advantages and limitations. Enquiry forms and
Schedules Meaning, types of questions used, steps in construction and
advantages and limitations in its use. Questionnaires Meaning, difference
between schedule and questionnaire, types of questions to be used, pre testing o
f
the questionnaires or schedules and advantages and limitations. Check lists
Meaning, steps in construction, advantages and limitations in its use. Rating sc
ales
Meaning, types, limits in construction, advantages and limitations in its use.
Observation Meaning, types, tips in observation, advantages and limitations in
its use. Case studies Meaning, types, steps in conducting, advantages and
limitations in its use. Social survey Meaning, objectives, types and steps in
conducting, advantages and limitations.
UNIT IV
Data processing Meaning, coding, preparation of master code sheet, analysis and
tabulation of data, Statistical Package for Social Sciences ( SPSS) choosing
appropriate statistics for data analysis based on the level of measurement of
variables. Report writing Meaning, guidelines to be followed in scientific repor
t
writing, References in reporting.
Practical
Selection and formulation of research problem - Formulation of objectives and
hypothesis-Selection of variables based on objectives-Developing the conceptual
70
framework of research. Operationally defining the selected variables-Development
of data collection devices.-Testing the validity and reliability of the data col
lection
instruments.- Pre-testing of the data collection instrument-Techniques of
interviewing and collection of data using the data collection instruments-Data
processing, hands on experiences on SPSS, coding, tabulation and analysis.
Formulation of secondary tables based on objectives of research.Writing report,
Writing of thesis and research articles-Presentation of reports.
Suggested Readings
Chandrakandan K, Venkatapirabu J, Sekar V & Anand Kumar V. 2000. Tests and
Measurements in Social Research. APH Publ.
Kerlinger FN. 1973. Foundations of Behavioural Research. Holt Rhinehart.
Kothari CR.1984. Research Methodology, Methods and Techniques. Chaitanya
Publ. House.
Krishnaswami OR & Ranganatham M. 2005. Methodology of Research in Social
Sciences. Himalaya Publ. House.
Mulay S & Sabaratnam VE.1983. Research Methods in Extension Education.
Manasavan.
Ranjit Kumar. 1999. Research Methodology - A Step by Step Guide for Beginners.
Sage Publ.
Ray GL & Sagar Mondal. 1999. Research methods in Social Sciences and
Extension Education. Naya Prokash.
Wilkinson TS & Bhandarkar PC.1993. Methodology and Techniques of Social
Research. Himalaya Publ.Home.
EXT 505 E- EXTENSION 2+1
Objective
Students will gain knowledge and skills in understanding the concepts of
Information and communication technologies and how these ICT tools can be used
for Agricultural Extension. Besides, he studies various ICT projects which are
successful in delivering the services to the clientele fulfilling the objective
of
Transfer of Technology i.e. Reaching the unreached.
Theory
UNIT I
ICTs- Concept, definition, tools and application in extension education.
Reorganizing the extension efforts using ICTs, advantages, limitations and
opportunities.
UNIT II
ICTs projects, case studies in India and developing world. Different approaches
(models) to ICTs. ICT use in field of extension- Expert systems on selected crop
s
and enterprises; Self learning CDs on package of practices, diseases and pest
management, Agricultural web sites and portals related crop production and
marketing etc.
UNIT III
Community Radio, Web, Tele, and Video conferencing. Computer Aided
Extension. Knowledge management, Information kiosks, Multimedia. Online,
Offline Extension. Tools-Mobile technologies, e-learning concepts.
UNIT IV
ICT Extension approaches-pre-requisites, information and science needs of
farming community. Need integration. Human resource information.
71
Intermediaries. Basic e-extension training issues. ICT enabled extension plurali
sm.
Emerging issues in ICT.
Practical
Agril.content analysis of ICT Projects. Handling of ICT tools. Designing extensi
on
content. Online extension service. Project work on ICT enabled extension.
Creation of extension blogs. Visit to ICT extension projects.
Suggested Readings
Batnakar S & Schware R. 2000. Information and Communication Technology in
Development- Cases from India. Sage Publ.
Meera SN. 2008. ICTs in Agricultural Extension: Tactical to Practical. Ganga-
Kaveri Publ. House. JangamWadiMath, Varanasi.
Willem Zip. 1994. Improving the Transfer and Use of Agricultural Information - A
Guide to Information Technology. The World Bank, Washington.
EXT 506 ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND 2+1
MANAGEMENT IN EXTENSION
Objective
The first part of the course is intended to provide overall picture of planning
and
development of enterprises for extending sustainable livelihoods for rural peopl
e.
The second part of the course is structured to help the students to gain knowled
ge
and skills in different concepts and techniques of management in extension
organizations.
Theory
UNIT I
Entrepreneurship Concept, characteristics, Approaches, Theories, Need for
enterprises development. Agri entrepreneurship Concept, characteristics,
Nature and importance for sustainable Livelihoods. Traits of entrepreneurs Risk
taking, Leadership, Decision making, Planning, Organising, Coordinating and
Marketing, Types of Entrepreneurs. Stages of establishing enterprise
Identification of sound enterprise, steps to be considered in setting up an
enterprise, feasibility report, product selection, risk and market analysis, leg
al
requirements. Project Management and Appraisal Market, Technical, Financial,
Social Appraisal of Projects.
UNIT II
Micro enterprises Profitable Agri enterprises in India Agro Processing, KVIC
industries. Micro financing meaning, Sources of Finance, Banks, Small scale
industries development organizations. Marketing for enterprises Concept,
planning for marketing, target marketing, Competition, market survey and
strategies, Product sales and promotion. Gender issues in entrepreneurship
development Understanding gender and subordination of women, Gender as a
development tool, Policy approaches for women entrepreneurship development.
Success and Failure stories for enterprises Issues relating to success and failu
re
of enterprises Personal, Production, Finance, Social, Marketing.
UNIT III
Management Meaning, concept, nature and importance, Approaches to
management, Levels of management, Qualities and skills of a manager. Extension
Management Meaning, Concept, Importance, Principles of management,
Classification of Functions of Management. Planning Concept, Nature,
Importance, Types, Making planning effective. Change Management factors,
process and procedures. Decision making Concept, Types of decisions, Styles
72
and techniques of decision making, Steps in DM Process, Guidelines for making
effective decisions. Organizing Meaning of Organization, Concept, Principles,
Organizational Structure, Span of Management, Departmentalization, Authority
and responsibility, Delegation and decentralization, line and staff relations.
UNIT IV
Coordination Concept, Need, Types, Techniques of Coordination. Interpersonal
relations in the organization. Staffing Need and importance, Manpower planning,
Recruitment, Selection, Placement and Orientation, Training and Development
Performance appraisal Meaning, Concept, Methods. Direction Concept,
Principles, Requirements of effective direction, Giving orders, Techniques of
direction. Leadership Concept, Characteristics, Functions, Approaches to
leadership, Leadership styles. Organizational Communication Concept, Process,
Types, Net Works, Barriers to Communication. Managing work motivation
Concept, Motivation and Performance, Approaches to motivation. Supervision
Meaning, Responsibilities, Qualities and functions of supervision, Essentials of
effective supervision. Managerial Control Nature, Process, Types, Techniques
of Control, Budgeting, Observation, PERT and CPM, MIS.
Practical
Field visit to Successful enterprises-Study of Characteristics of Successful
entrepreneurs Development of Project Proposal -Case Studies of Success / Failure
enterprises-Exercise on Market Survey-Field visit to Financial institutions-
Simulated exercise to understand management process-Field visit to extension
organizations to understand the functions of management -Group exercise on
development of short term and long term plan-Simulated exercise on techniques of
decision making-Designing organizational structure -Group activity on leadership
development skills.
Suggested Readings
Gupta CB. 2001. Management Theory and Practice. Sultan Chand & Sons.
Indu Grover. 2008. Handbook on Empowerment and Entrepreneurship. Agrotech

Public Academy.
Khanka SS. 1999. Entrepreneurial Development. S. Chand & Co.
Singh D. 1995. Effective Managerial Leadership. Deep & Deep Publ.
Tripathi PC & Reddy PN. 1991. Principles of Management. Tata McGraw Hill.
Vasanta Desai. 1997. Small Scale Industries and Entrepreneurship. Himalaya
Publ. House.
EXT 507 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (HRD) 2+1
Objective
To orient the students about key concepts importance, scope & conceptual frame
work, growth & development of Human Resource Development, Subsystems of
Human Resource Development for extension organization and process of HRD.
Theory
UNIT I
Human Resource Development Definition, Meaning, Importance, Scope and
Need for HRD; Conceptual frame work, inter disciplinary approach, function
systems and case studies in HRD; HRD Interventions Different Experiences;
Selection, Development & Growth- Selection, Recruitment, Induction Staff
Training and Development, Career planning; Social and Organizational Culture:
Indian environment perspective on cultural process and social structure, society
in
transition; Organizational and Managerial values and ethics, organizational
73
commitment ; Motivation productivity - job description analysis and evaluation;
Performance Appraisal.
UNIT II
Human Resource management: Collective bargaining, Negotiation skills; Human
Resource Accounting (HRA): What is HRA? Why HRA? Information
Management for HRA and Measurement in HRA; Intra personal processes:
Collective behaviour, learning, and perception ; Stress and coping mechanisms;
Inter-Personal Process, Helping Process communication and Feedback and
interpersonal styles; Group & Inter group process: group information and group
processes; Organizational communication, Team building Process and functioning,
Conflict management, Collaboration and Competition; HRD & Supervisors: Task
Analysis; Capacity Building Counseling and Mentoring; Role of a Professional
Manager: Task of Professional Manager Responsibility of Professional
Manager; Managerial skills and Soft Stills required for Extension workers;
Decision Making: Decision Making models, Management by Objectives;
Behavioural Dynamics :Leadership styles Group dynamics.
UNIT III
Training Meaning, determining training need and development strategies
Training types, models, methods and evaluation; Facilities for training Trainers
training techniques for trainees participation; Research studies in training
extension personnel; Main issues in HRD: HRD culture and climate organizing
for HRD emerging trends and Prospective.
Practical
Visit to different training organizations to review on going activities & facili
ties;
Analysis of Training methods followed by training institutions for farmers and
extension workers Studies on evaluation of training programmes; Study of HRD in
organization in terms of performance, organizational development, employees
welfare and improving quality of work life and Human resource information,
Presentation of reports.
Suggested Readings
Agochiya D. 2002. Every Trainer s Handbook. Sage Publ.
David Gross. 1997. Human Resource Management - The Basics. TR Publ.
Davis Keth & Newston W John 1989. Human Behaviour at Work. 8th Ed.
McGraw-Hill.
Hersey Paul & Balanchard H Kenneth. 1992. Management of Organizational
Behaviour Utilizing Human Resource. 5th Ed. Prentice-Hall of India.
Knoontz Harold & Weihhrich Heinz 1990. Essentials of Management. 5th
Ed. McGraw-Hill.
Lynton RP & Pareek U. 1993. Training for Development. DB. Taraporewale Sons
& Co.
Punna Rao P & Sudarshan Reddy M. 2001. Human Resource Development
Mechanisms for Extension Organization. Kalyani Publ.
Rao TV. 2003. Readings in Human Resource Development. Oxford Publ.
Co.
Silberman Mel. 1995. Active Training. Press Johnston Publ. Co., New Delhi.
Singh RP. 2000. Management of Training Programmes. Anmol Publ.
Subba Rao P. 2005. Management & Organizational Behaviour. Himalaya Publ.
House.
Sundaram RM, Gupta V, George SS. 2006. Case Studies in Human Resource
Management. ICFAI, Hyderabad.
74
Tripati & Reddy. 2004. Principles of Management. Tata McGraw-Hill.
Wayne MR & Robert MN. 2005. Human Resource Management.
International Ed. Pearson Prentice Hall.
EXT 508 VISUAL COMMUNICATION 2+1
Objective
This course is intended to give a clear perspective about the importance of visu
als
and graphics in communication. The course starts with the delineating about the
characteristics of visuals and graphics followed by its main functions, theories
of
visual perception and its classification and selection. Further, the course deal
s with
the designing the message, graphic formats and devices and presentation of data.
It
makes the students to understand, prepare and present the scientific data
effectively by using low cost visuals. The course also exposes the students to
various Digitized video material in multimedia and also enable to design visuals
for print, TV and know-how about scanning of visuals.
Theory
UNIT
I
Role of visuals & graphics in Communication. Characteristics of visuals
&
graphics. Functions of visuals and graphics. Theories of visual perception.
Classification and selection of visuals.
UNIT II
Designing message for visuals, Graphic formats and devices. Presentation of
Scientific data. Principles and procuction of low cost visuals.
UNIT III
Photographs- reprographic visuals. PC based visuals. Degitized video material in
multimedia production. Designing visuals for print and TV and video.
UNIT IV
Pre-testing and evaluation of visuals. Scanning of visuals.

Practicals
Preparation of low cost projected and Non-Projected visuals. Designing and layou
t
of charts, posters, flash cards etc. Power point presentations. Generating compu
ter
aided presentation graphics. Scanning and evaluation of visuals.
Suggested Readings
Bhatia A. 2005. Visual Communication. Rajat Publications, New Delhi.
Edgar Dale 1970. Audio Visual methods in Teaching. Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
James WB, Richard BL, Fried F Harcleroad. 1952. A.V. Instructional Material
&

Methods. Mc.Graw Hill.

Reddy YN. 1998. Audio Visual Aids in Teaching, Training and Extension. Haritha
Publ. House, Hyderabad.
EXT 509
Objective
PARTICIPATORY METHODS FOR TECHNOLOGY 1+1
DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER
This course is intended to orient the students with the key concepts, principles
process of different participatory approaches for technology development and
transfer and also to expose the students with various participatory tools and
techniques like space related, time related, relation oriented methods. Besides
the
students will be learning the preparation of action plans participatory monitori
ng
and evaluation.
75
Theory
UNIT
I
Participatory extension Importance, key features, principles and process of
participatory approaches; Different participatory approaches (RRA, PRA, PLA,
AEA, PALM, PAR, PAME, ESRE, FPR) and successful models.
UNIT II
Participatory tools and techniques. Space Related Methods : village map (social
&
resource), mobility services and opportunities map and transect; Time related
methods : time line, trend analysis, seasonal diagram. Daily activity schedule,
dream map; Relation oriented methods : cause and effect diagram (problem tree)
,
impact diagram, well being ranking method, Venn diagram, matrix ranking,
livelihood analysis.
UNIT III
Preparation of action plans, concept and action plan preparation; Participatory
technology development and dissemination; Participatory planning and
management, phases and steps in planning and implementation aspects; Process
monitoring, participatory evaluation.

Practical
Simulated exercises on space related methods, time related method and relation
oriented methods; Documentation of PTD and dissemination; Preparation of action
plan; Participatory monitoring and evaluation of developmental programmes.
Suggested Readings
Adhikary. 2006. Participatory Planning and Project Management in Extension
Science. Agrotech Publ. Academy.
Mukharjee N. 2002. Participatory Learning and Action. Concept Publ. Co.
Singh BK. 2008. PRA/PLA and Participatory Training. Adhyayan Publ. & Distr.
Somesh Kumar. 2002. Methods for Community Participation. Vistaar Publ.
EXT 510 GENDER SENSITIZATION FOR DEVELOPMENT 1+1
Objective
In this course the students will learn about an overview of the concept of gende
r
and gender balance on development and develop skills of identifying gender
roles, rights, responsibilities and relationships on development. Besides the
students will also learn the attitudinal change to internalize gender equity con
cerns
as fundamental human rights and also enhance the capability for identifying and
analyzing gender issues in agriculture and allied sectors.
Theory
UNIT I
Gender concepts, issues and challenges in development; Gender roles, gender
balance, status, need and scope; Gender analysis tools and techniques.
UNIT II
National policy for empowerment of women since independence; Developmental
programmes for women; Gender mainstreaming in agriculture and allied sectors
need and relevance; Gender budgeting A tool for empowering women.
UNIT III
Women empowerment Dimensions; Women empowerment through SHG
approach; Women entrepreneurship and its role in economic development; Public
Private Partnership for the economic empowerment of women; Building rural
institution for women empowerment; Women human rights ; Action plans for
gender mainstreaming.
76
Practical
Visits to rural institutions of women for studying in the rural institutions eng
aged
in Women empowerment; Visits to entrepreneurial unit of women for studying the
ways and means of establishing entrepreneurship units for Women and their
development and also SWOT analysis of the Unit; Visit to Center for women
development - NIRD to study the different activities related to projects and
research on gender; Visit to gender cell, Office of the Commissioner and Directo
r
of Agriculture, Hyderabad, to study the mainstreaming of gender concerns and
gender budget of the department.
Suggested Readings
Grover I & Grover D. 2002. Empowerment of Women. Agrotech Publ. Academy.
Porter F, Smyth I & Sweetman C.1999. Gender Works: Oxfarm Experience in
Policy and Practice. Oxfarm Publ.
Raj MK. 1998. Gender Population and Development. Oxford Univ. Press.
Sahoo RK & Tripathy SN. 2006. SHG and Women Empowerment. Anmol Publ.
Sinha K. 2000. Empowerment of Women in South Asia. Association of
Management Development Institution in South Asia, Hyderabad.
Thakur Joshi S. 1999. Women and Development. Mittal Publ.
Vishwanathan M. 1994. Women in Agriculture & RD. Rupa Books.
EXT 511 PERSPECTIVES OF DISTANCE EDUCATION 1+1
Objective
The course is intended to orient the students with the concept of Distance
Education, Characteristics of Distance Education, Evolution, Methods of Distance
Education, Different Approaches in Planning Distance Education, Educational
Technology in Distance Education, Management of Resources for distance
education, Strategies for maximizing the reach and programme evaluation and
quality assessment.
Theory
UNIT I
Distance Education Introduction Meaning, Concept, Philosophy and its work
ethics, characteristics of Distance Education Evolution and Historical view of
Distance Education Theory Methodology, and Epistemology. Dimensions of
Distance Education, Scope and difficulties. Open Education Non-formal
Education, Continuing Education, Education by correspondence.
UNIT II
Forms and systems of Distance and Open Education, Modes of Teaching and
Learning in Distance Education, Methods of Distance Education, Significance of
Distance Education in Teacher Education.
UNIT III
Planning Distance Education A Systems Approach Student Learning Course
Planning, The target groups Barriers to learning in Distance Education
Planning and Management of Networked Learning.
UNIT IV
Educational Technology is Distance Education Application of information and
Educational Technologies in Distance Education, Development of Course and
Course material, Management of resources, processes, Forms of Instructional
material in Distance Education and Media Development and Production in
Distance Education - Video Classroom Strategy in Distance Education
77
Strategies for maximizing the reach services to students, programme Evaluation
-performance indicators and Quality Assessment.
Practical
Visit to the University which is implementing the Distance Education
Programmes. Detailed Study of their programme in relation to Educational
Technology, Methodology, Curriculum Development, Evaluation and Assessment.
Exercise on development of curriculum for Distance Education exclusively for
farming community.
Suggested Readings
Holmberg B. 1995. Theory and Practice of Distance Education. Routiedge Publ..
Lakshmi Reddy MV. 2001. Towards Better Practices in Distance Education.
Kanishka Publ.
More MG. 2003. Hand Book of Distance Education.Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Publ.
Panda.S. 2003. Planning & Management in Distance Education. Kogan Page
Publ.
Pathak CK. 2003. Distance Education: Prospects and Constraints. Rajat Publ.
Sharma DC. 2005. Management of Distance Education. Anmol Publ.
Sharma M. 2006. Distance Education: Concepts and Principles. Kanishka Publ.
EXT 512 MARKET LED EXTENSION MANAGEMENT 1+1
Objective
The student will learn the significance of post harvest management& value
addition in present market environment and the challenges and future strategy fo
r
market led extension management. Also identifies the information sources and
develop strategy for market intelligence and the marketing infrastructure,
multilevel marketing and linkages for market led extension. In addition the
students would be learning the public private partnerships for market led extens
ion
management, the features of contract farming, WTO its implications on agricultur
e
and Understanding the role of IT for market intelligence.
Theory
UNIT I
Agricultural extension at cross roads; Changing scenario of agricultural extensi
on
at the national level; Market led extension emerging perspectives; Market led
extension issues and challenges; Dimensions of market led extension.
UNIT II
Agricultural marketing an overview; Development of a marketing plan, pricing
concepts and pricing strategy; Consumer behaviour; Marketing communication
and promotional strategies; The marketing research process; Agricultural trade
liberalization and its impact; International marketing opportunities; Implicatio
ns of
AOA, TRIPS and IPRs agreements on agriculture; Agreement on SPS and TBT -
an over view; Commodity features marketing.
UNIT III
Public private linkages in market led extension; Role of SHG in market led
extension; Contact farming a viable approach to meet market challenges; IT
enabled approaches for market led extension and communication; Weather service
and crop modeling An effective tool in market led extension.
Practical
78
Identification and analysis of different marketing sources for agricultural
commodities. Development of strategy for an effective market intelligence system
;
Development of suitable marketing plan to suite rural situation; Visit to APEDA,
Rythu Bazaars to study the processes and procedures related to market-led
extension.
Suggested Readings
Kaleel FMH & Krisnamurthy J. 2007. Market Led Extension Dimensions and
Tools. Agro Tech Publ. Academy.
Rajmanohar TP & Kumaravel KS. 2006. Contract Farming in India. ICFAI Univ.
Press, Hyderabad.
Subbalakshmi V. 2005. Globalization - Indian Experience. ICFAI Univ. Press,
Hyderabad.
Suresh K. 2005. Rural Markets - Emerging Opportunities. ICFAI Univ. Press,
Hyderabad
EXT 601 ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION 2+1
Objective
By the End of the course student will be able to

Critically analyze different Agricultural Extension approaches

Understand Agricultural Knowledge Information System (AKISs) ITK
Understand Advances in Extension - Cyber extension, ICT enabled extension
services; Market Led Extension, Public Private Partnership, Mainstreaming
gender in extension organizational Innovations.
Visualize implications of WTO - AOA and develop extension strategies.
Understand extension reforms and Farmer Field Schools Decentralized
Decision Making, bottom up planning, ATMA, FSBE & CIGs etc., ATIC,
IVLP & Kisan Call Centres
Theory
UNIT I
Approaches of Agricultural Extension: A critical analysis of different approache
s
of agricultural extension. Importance and relevance of indigenous knowledge
system, identification and documentation of ITK, Integration of ITK system in
research formulation, Concept of Agricultural Knowledge and Information
System, Training of Stakeholders of AKIS.
UNIT II
Cyber Extension - Concept of cyber extension, national and international cases o
f
extension projects using ICT and their impact of agricultural extension, alterna
tive
methods of financing agricultural extension - Scope, limitations and experience
and cases. Research - Extension -Farmer - Market linkage: Importance, Scope,
Implications etc., Market - Led Extension, Farmer - Led Extension, Concept of
Farm Field School, Farm School, Public - Private Partnership: Meaning, Models,
Identification of various areas for partnership. Stakeholder s analysis in Extensi
on.
Main streaming gender in Extension - Issues and Prospects.
UNIT III
Implications of WTO - AOA for extension services, re-orientation of extension
services for agri-business and marketing activities, GOI-NGO collaboration to
improve efficiency of extension.
UNIT IV
79
Extension and contemporary issues: Extension and issues related to rural poverty
.
Privatization of Extension. Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs). Extension Refor
ms
in India - Decentralized decision making, Bottom up planning, Farming System
and Situation based Extension Delivery System, Extension delivery through
Commodity Interest Groups. Organization innovations in Extension - ATIC, IVLP,
Kisan Call Centres.
Practical
Analysis of ITK systems, cases on integration of ITK and formal research system,
Analysis of cases on cyber extension and privatization of extension. Analysis of
ATMA and SREP. Practicing bottom up planning. Visit to Public-Private -Farmer
partnership. Learnings from Food and Nutritional Security and bio-diversity
Projects and Programmes.
Suggested Readings
Bagchi J. 2007. Agriculture and WTO Opportunity for India. Sanskruti.
Chambers R, Pacy A & Thrupp LA. 1989. Farmers First. Intermediate
Technology Publ.
Crouch BR & Chamala S. 1981. Extension Education and Rural Development.
Macmillan.
John KC, Sharma DK, Rajan CS & Singh C. 1997. Farmers Participation in
Agricultural Research and Extension Systems. MANAGE, Concept Publ.
Co.
Khan PM. 2002. Text Book of Extension Education. Himanshu Publ.
Narasaiah ML. 2005. Agricultural Development and World Trade Organization.

Discovery Publ.
Talwar S. 2007. WTO Intellectual Property Rights. Serials Publ.
Van den Ban BW & Hawkins BS. 1998. Agricultural Extension. S.K. Jain Publ.
Venkaiah S. 2001. New Dimensions of Extension Education. Anmol Publ.
EXT 602 ADVANCED DESIGNS AND TECHNIQUES IN 2+1
SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH
Objective
By the End of the course student will be able to

Develop & Standardize Attitude scale using different techniques of attitude

scale construction.
Develop skills of using Projected & Semi Projected & Semi Projected
Techniques, Computer Package analysis and PRO Tools in Extension
Research.
Theory
UNIT I
Scaling technique - meaning, types, principles, steps and quality, techniques of
attitude scale construction - Paired comparison, Equal appearing intervals,
Successive Intervals, Summated ratings, Scalogram analysis, Scale discrimination
technique, Reliability and Validity of Scales. Sociometrics, content analysis, c
ase
studies, Q-sort techniques, Semantic different technique.
UNIT II
Projective and Semi projective techniques, Critical incident techniques, Compute
r
packages for analysis - usage in Extension Research. Knowledge scale
measurement. Participatory tools and techniques in behaviour Research - Data
collection and Evaluation. Impact analysis, e-data collection and information
analysis.
80
Practical
Practice in constructing a scale and use of scale in various situations. Reliabi
lity
and validity of the scales developed, Application of Semi Projective and Project
ive
techniques. Content analysis, case studies. Practicing participatory tools and
techniques. Hands on experience on Computer Preparation and Data Collection
instruments, review of previous studies.
Suggested Readings
Burns RB. 2000. Introduction to Research Methods. Sage Publ.
Chandrakandan K & Karthikeyan C. 2004. Behavioral Research Methodology.
Classical Publ.
Daivadeenam P. 2002. Research Methodology in Extension Education. Agro-Tech
Publ. Academy.
Kerlinger N Fred. 2002. Foundations of Behavioural Research. Surjeet Publ.
Kothari CR. 2000. Research Methodology Methods & Techniques. 2nd Ed. Wishwa
Prakasham.
Ray GL & Mondal S. 1999. Research Methods in Social Science and Extension
Education. Naya Prokash.
Roger L & Domino WSK. 1980. Research Methods. Prentice Hall.
Sadhu AM & Singh A. 2003 Research Methodology in Social Science. Himalaya
Publ. House.
Sarantakos S. 1998. Social Research. 2nd Ed. Macmillan.
Sinha SC & Dhiman AK. 2002. Research Methodology. ESS Publ.
Verma RK & Verma G. 2002. Research Methodology. Commonwealth Publ.
Walizer MH & Panl L. 2002. Research Methods & Analysis; Searching for
Relationships. Wiemil Harper & Row.
Wilkinson TS & Bhandarkar PL. 2002. Methodology and Techniques of Social
Research. Himalaya Publ. House.
EXT 603 ADVANCES IN TRAINING TECHNOLOGY 2+1
Objective
By the end of the Course student will be able to

Plan and design a training programme

Plan & Develop effective training sessions
Manage difficult situations while organizing training programmes
Use different advanced participatory training methods
Theory
UNIT I
Paradigm shift in training - learning scenario, Training Approaches - Experienti
al
learning - laboratory - organization development (system) approaches; Training
Design, Designing an effective training programme, Harmonizing training needs,
Course Objective, content and methods.
UNIT II
Designing an effective training session - the semantics involved, Designing
experiential training sessions, simulation exercises, and openness in training
transaction - managing dilemmas, ambivalence and conflicts and confusion (for
both trainers and trainees).
UNIT III
Recent Training Techniques for understanding and facilitation team building,
group dynamics, motivation and empowerment, laboratory methods: micro-lab
81
process work, and sensitivity training, Psychological instruments as training to
ols:
TAT, Inventories, Cases, etc.
UNIT IV
Participatory Training Techniques - Lecture, Brainstorming, Group discussion and
Training Games. Role Play, Psycho-drama, Coaching, Counseling, etc., Trainer s
roles and dilemmas, Factors Effecting Training Effectiveness and Training
Evaluation.
Practical
Techniques of participatory training need assessment. Formulation of Course
Objective, design of training programmes. Simulation exercises. Participatory
training methods - Role Play & Brainstorming, Group discussion and Counseling
and Conducting experiential learning sessions. Training evaluation - Techniques
of
Knowledge, Skill & Attitude evaluation. Visit to training institutions and study
of
training technologies followed.
Suggested Readings
Agochiya D. 2002. Every Trainer s Handbook. Sage Publ.
Alan B & Calardy 2004. Five Case Studies in Management Training. Jaico Publ.
Kumar A. 2000. Management Training Process. Anmol Publ.
Leslie Rae. 1998. Techniques of Training. Jaico Publ.
Lynton RP & Pareek U. 1999. Training for Development. 2nd Ed. Vistar Publ.
Reid MA. 1997. Training Interventions, Managing Employee Development. Jaico.

Publ.
Samanta RK. 1993. Training Methods for Management and Development. M.D.
Publ.
Sethy ED. 2003. A Practical Hand Book on Training. Anmol Publ.
EXT 604 ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 2+1
Objective
By the end of the course student will be able to

Understand & Study the Organization in terms of types, Characteristics, Needs,

Motives, Organization behaviour, Organization Communication, Organization
development and Individual behaviour in organization.
To anlayse the factors effecting organizational effectiveness and distinguish
between functional and non functional organization.
Theory
UNIT I
Introduction to organizations: Concept and Characteristics of organizations,
Organizational Behvaiour - Context and concept - levels of organizations - forma
l
and informal organizations, Theories of organizations: Nature of organizational
theory - classical theories - features of Bureaucracy - administrative theory an
d
Scientific management - Neo-classical theories - the human relations movement -
modern theory.
UNIT II
Systems approach to study organization needs and motives - Attitude, values and
ethical behaviour - alienation and work - work motivation - communication and
interpersonal behaviour - organization communication - leadership behaviour deci
sion
making, problem solving techniques - organizational climate - change
82
proneness and resistance to change, Organizational change, Organizational
structure - Process in organizing - Dimension of Motivation Climate.
UNIT III
Departmentation - Span of Management - Delegation of authority - Centralization
and decentralization - line and staff organization - functional organization -
divisonalisation - Project organization - Matrix organization - free form
organization - top management structure.
UNIT IV
Individual behaviour in organization. Fundamentals of Human relations and
Organizational behaviour, Groups and teams - Organisational culture and
performance. Dynamics of Organization behaviour - leadership conflict situations
and inter group behavior- Organisational Development - Factors effecting
organization effectiveness. Creativity, leadership, motivation and organization
development.
Practical
Analysis of organization in terms of process - attitudes and values, motivation,
leadership. Simulation exercises on problem-solving - Study of organizational
climate in different organizations. Study of organizational structure of
development departments, Study of departmentalization, span of control
delegation of authority, decisions making patterns, Study of individual and grou
p
behaviour at work in an organization. Conflicts and their management in an
organization. Comparative study of functional and non-functional organsiations
and drawing factors for organizational effectiveness.
Suggested Readings
Ancona, Kochaw, Scully, Van Maanen, Westney 1999. Organizational Behaviour
and Processes. South Western College Publ., New York.
Banerjee M. 1984. Organizational Behaviour. Allied Publ.
Deka GC. 1999. Organizational Behaviour - A Conceptual Applicational
Approach. Kanishka Publ.
Dwivedi RS. 2006. Human Relations and Organization Behaviour- A Global
Perspective. 5th Ed. Macmillan.
Kumar A. 2000. Organizational Behaviour Theory and Practice. Anmol Publ.
Luthans F. 1998. Organizational Behavior. Tata McGraw Hill.
Luthans F. 2001. Organizational Behaviour. McGraw Hill.
Newstrom JW & Davis K. 1997. Human Behaviour at Work. Tata McGraw Hill.
Robbins SP. 2007. Organizational Behaviour. Prentice Hall.
Shaun T & Jackson T. 2003. The Essence of Organizational Behaviour. Practice
Hall of India.
Stephen RR. 1999. Organizational Behaviour. 5th Ed. Practice Hall of India.
EXT 605 ADVANCED INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2+1
Objective
By the end of the course student will be able to

Understand Agricultural Education Scenario in the country and Curriculum

development process
Plan & Prepare and present course outline, Lesson Plan & Skill plan
Develop appropriate Teaching & Learning Styles
Use innovative instructional aids & methods
Theory
UNIT I
83
Concepts in Instructional Technology, Scope of Instructional Technology. History
of agricultural education in India. Guidelines for curriculum development in
Agricultural Universities. Curriculum design development.
UNIT II
Course outline, Lesson plans for theory and practicals. Teaching and learning
styles. Theories of learning. Cognitive levels. Instructional Course Objective.
Motivation of students.
UNIT III
Instructional Methods. Experiential learning cycle. Innovative Instructional Aid
s.
Computer Assisted Instruction. Programmed instruction technique. Team
Teaching. E-Learning, Art of Effective Communication. Distance education.
Student evaluation - Question Bank. Appraisal of Teacher Performance. Review of
research in Instructional Technology.
Practical
Formulation of instructional Course Objective. Development and presentation of
course outlines. Preparation & presentation of lesson plans for theory & practic
al
with CAI design. Preparation of innovative low cost instructional aids.
Development of model question bank. Preparation of schedule for teacher
evaluation. Visit to Distance Education centre. Study of research reviews and
Presentation of reports.
Suggested Readings
Agarwal JC. 2007. Essentials of Educational Technology Innovations in Teaching
Learning. 2nd Ed. Vikas Publ. House.
Agarwal R. 2000. Educational Technology and Conceptual understanding. Anmol
Publ.
Dayal BK. 2005. Educational Planning and Development. Dominant Publ.
Grover I, Kaushik S, Yadav L & Varma SK. 2002. Communication and
Instructional Technology. Agro Tech Publ. Academy.
Jacobsen D, Eggen P & Kauchak D. 1985. Methods for Teaching - A Skills
Appraoch. 2nd Ed. Charles E. Merrill Publ.
Joyee B & Well M. 1980. Models of Teaching. 2nd Ed. Prentice Hall.
Khan PM. 2002. Text Book of Extension Education. Himanshu Publ.
Rush N. 1987. Technology Based Learning - Selected Readings. London Publ.
Co., New York.
Tara Chand 1999. Educational Technology. Anmol Publ.
EXT 606 THEORYCONSTRUCTIONSINSOCIALSCIENCES 2+0
Objective
By the end of the course student will be able to develop skills of theory buildi
ng
and scientific application of theoretical concept in Social Sciences by applying
appropriate statistical tests.
Theory
UNIT
I
Importance of theory constructions in social science. Theory: Meaning, elements,
Ideal Criteria, Functions, Types. Definitions: Meaning, types and
Rules.Generalizations: Meaning, Classification. Relationship: Meaning Types.
UNIT II
Terminologies used in theory constructions: Axiom, Postulate, Proposition,
Theorem, Fact, Concept, Construct, Probability and Measurement Basic Derived.
Steps in theory building - Axiomatic Techniques, Historical approaches. Scientif
ic

84
application Theoretical concept in Social Sciences. Test of Theory: Applying
appropriate statistical tests.
Suggested Readings
Blalock HM. Theory Construction: Form verbal to Mathematical Formulations.
Prentice Hall.
Dubin R. Theory Building. The Free Press, New York.
Gibbs JP. Sociological Theory Construction. The Dryden Press, Illionis.
Hage J. Techniques and Problems of Theory Constructions in Sociology. John
Wiley & Sons
Stinchombe AL. Construction of Sociological Theories. Harcourt, Brace & World.
Wionton CA. Theory and Measurement in Sociology. John Wiley & Sons.
EXT 607 ADVANCED MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES 2+1
Objective
By the end of the course student will be able to

Develop understanding on concept of MIS, its scope in Agriculture Extension

Organization.
Understand, Develop and Evaluate the MBO System
To cope up with stress, Resolve conflicts and develop effective inter personal
communication skills using Transactional analysis.
To plan & use, DSS, AI, ES, PERT, CPM
Theory
UNIT
I
Management Information System (MIS): Basic concepts, types of information
needed at various levels, design of MIS in an agricultural extension organizatio
n.
Scope for computerization, system alternatives and Evaluation. Implementation,
operation and maintenance of the system.

UNIT II
Management by Course Objective (MBO): Elements of the MBO system. The
Process of MBO. Making MBO effective. Evaluation of the MBO system -
strengths and weaknesses. Transactional Analysis (TA): Ego states, transactions,
inter relationships, strokes, stamps.
UNIT III
Managing Organizational Stress: Sources of stress in organization, effect of str
ess.
Coping mechanisms and managing stress, Stress management, Team Building
Process: Types of teams. Steps in teamwork, Facilitators and barriers to effecti
ve
relationships, nature of prejudice, tips in reducing interpersonal conflicts, in
tergroup
conflict, resolving techniques. Confect management, tips in reducing
interpersonal conflicts.
UNIT IV
Decision Support Systems (DSSs): Basic information about Artificial Intelligence
(AI) Expert System (ESs), their future applications in extension system.
Forecasting techniques - time series analysis and Delphi, decision making and
talent management PERT, CPM Techniques and time management.
Practical
Managements Information system, in research & development organizations.
Study of Management by Course Objective in an organization. Transactional
Analysis, exercises on Team building process, coping skills with organizational
85
stress, exercises on Decision Support Systems (DSSs). Practicals exercise on
forecasting techniques, Visit to Management organizations.
Suggested Readings
Chaudhary AK. 1999. Encyclopedia of Management Information System. Vols. I,
II. Anmol Publ.
Hari Gopal K. 1995. Conflict Management - Managing Interpersonal Conflict.
Oxford & IBH.
James O Brien 1999. Management Information System. Tata McGraw-Hill.
Koontz H & Welhrich H. 2004. Essentials of Management. 5th Ed. Tata. McGraw-
Hill.
Lauden & Lauden 2003. Management Information System. Pearson Edu.
Maheswari BL. 1980. Organizational Decision Styles & Orgul Effectiveness.
Vikas Publ.
McGrath SJEH. 2007. Basic Management Skills for All. 7th Ed. Prentice Hall of
India.
West JD & Leevy FK. 1998. A Management Guide to PERT / CPM with GERT /
PDM / DCPM and Other Networks. Prentice Hall of India.
EXT 608 MEDIA MANAGEMENT 2+1
Objective

To familiarize the students with the working of print, electronic, New Media &
Traditional folk media.
To develop working skills needed for Print, Radio and T.V. Journalism to
reach farming community.
To develop in students an understanding on Mass Communication Process and
Media Management its impact on the society.
To develop writing skills for different media.
Theory
UNIT I
Media Management Introduction, Definition, Principles and Significance of
Management. Media Ownership patterns in India Proprietorship, Partnership,
private Ltd, Public companies, Trusts, Co-operatives, Religious Institutions
(Societies) & Franchisees (Chains). Marketing Function Product, Price, and
Placement & Promotions.
UNIT II
Mass Communication Meaning, Concept, Definition and Theories of Mass
Communication. The Mass Media History, functions, uses and Theories of
Media. Journalism Meaning, definition, Scope, functions and different types of
Journalism. Journalism as communication tool. Farm Journalism meaning and
Developments in Farm Journalism in India. Different problems with Farm
Journalism. Print Media History, the role of the press, news, Types of News,
electronics of News and Sources of News, the making of newspaper & magazines,
press codes and ethics, Media Laws. News story Principles of writing, structure
a
news story, procedure in writing the news story and the elements of style. Succe
ss
stories & feature articles writing for success & feature articles, Types of Feat
ure
articles. Information materials Types of information materials and user.
Techniques in book Publishing. Editing Principles, Tools & Techniques and art
of Proof Reading Techniques, Measuring Readability of writing.
UNIT III
86
Electronic Media-Role and Importance of Radio -History, Radio Role in TOT,
writing and presentation techniques, Different Programmes of Farm Broadcast,
developing content for farm broadcast, Role of FM Radio in Agriculture, Ethics o
f
Broad casting, Broadcasting Policy and code. Community Radio Concept,
meaning, role in TOT, Cases of Community radio.
Television History - Role in TOT , Fundamentals of Television Production,
Techniques of Script writing for TV, Visual Thinking, language & Style, Farm
Telecast programmes, cable and satellite TV and their impact, Ethics of
Telecasting, policy and code.
Video Production Technology Potential and its utilization, Typology of farm
Video production, Types of Video Production and equipment used in the
production, Procedure or Technique of video production.
Cassette Technology Role in TOT, Techniques of production of cassettes for the
farming community.
Traditional Media Role of Folk Media in TOT and integration with electronic
media.
UNIT IV
Advances in communication Technology Management of Agricultural
Information System (MAIS). Use of computers in Agriculture Application of IT
in Agriculture. Use of Modern Communication Medium- Electronic Video,
Teletext, tele conference, Computer assisted instruction, Video conferencing,
-
Features, Advantages, Limitations and risk factory involved in New Media.
Designing and developing of communication and media strategy for
developmental programmes. Online journalism scope & importance.

Practical
Exercise on Writing for Print Media Writing News / Success Stories / Feature
articles for different topics related to Agriculture & allied fields. Exercise o
f
editing & proof reading the Farm News for News papers different types of intro
and leads. Exercise of Writing for Radio, TV, Preparation of story board for far
m
Video Production Script writing for Radio and T.V. Visit to media management
organizations for studying the principles, procedures and processes in managing
the media. Participation and
Interaction through video conference. Developing communication & Media
Strategy for selected developmental programme / activity.
Suggested Readings
Bhaskaran C, Prakash R & Kishore Kumar N. 2008. Farm Journalism in Media
Management. Agro-Tech Publ. Academy.
Chattergee PC. 1991. Broadcasting in India. Sage Publ.
Chiranjeev A. 1999. Electronic Media Management. Authors Press.
D Souza YK.1998. Principles and Ethics of Journalism and Mass
Communication. Commonwealth Publ.
Defleur ML & Dennis EE. 2001. Understanding Mass Communications.
Goyalsaab Publ.
Jain SC. 2006. International Marketing Management. CBS Publ.
Keval J Kumar. 2004. Mass Communication in India. Jaico Publ.
Malhan PN. 2004. Communication Media: Yesterday, Today and Tommorow.
Directorate of Publication Division, New Delhi.
Mehta DS. 1992. Mass Communication and Journalism in India. Allied Publ.
Panigrahy D. 1993. Media Management in India. P. K. Biswasroy (Ed.). Kanishka
Publ.
87
Shrivastava KM. 1995. News Writing for Radio and TV. Sterling Publ.
Sinha KK. 2001. Business Communications. Galgotia Publ.
EXT 609 TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE 2+1 Objective
By the end of the Course student will be able to

Develop thorough understanding on different systems of Technology Transfer

Develop appropriate communication & Media Strategy suitable to the System
of Technology Transfer
Analyse the constraints in Systems of Technology Transfer Technology and
Suggest suitable Strategies.
Theory
UNIT I
Technology - Meaning and Concepts - Appropriate technology, transfer of
technology - meaning and concepts. Systems of transfer of technology -
Knowledge Generating System (KGS) - Knowledge Disseminating System (KDS)
- Knowledge Consuming System (KCS) - Input Supplying Agencies System
(ISAS).
UNIT II
Appropriateness of communication media in the system of technology transfer.
New communication strategy for transfer and adoption of Agricultural technology.
Extension training in transfer of technology.
UNIT III
Analysis. Constraints in Transfer of Technology, agencies or departments involve
d
in TOT. Extension professional in TOT. Attributes of Technology and its Relation

in TOT process. TOT to resource poor farmers. Role of Key communicators or

local leaders in TOT. Private and Public partnership in TOT.
Practical
Analysis of Transferred technology. Analysis of knowledge generation and
consuming systems. Formulation of communication strategies, Study of attributes
of selected fast spreading technologies and slow technologies, study of constrai
nts
in TOT, visit to TOT centres of ICAR and SAU, Identification of key
communicators, Case studies of Public-Private Partnerships, Visits to the print
and
electronic media centres to study their role in TOT.
Suggested Readings
Chaturvedi TN. 1982. Transfer of Technology among Developing Countries; Need
for Strengthening Cooperation. Gitanjali Publ. House.
Dunn DD. 1978. Appropriate Technology With a Human Face. Macmillan Press.
Kapoor SK, Roy PB & Roy AK. 1980. Role of Information Centres in Technology
Transfer. IASLIC, Kolakata.
Lekhi RK. 1984. Technological Revolution in Agriculture. Classical Publ. Co.
Singh SN. 1991. Transfer of Technology to Small Farmers; An Analysis of
Constraints and Experience. Concept Publ. Co.
Wallender HW. 1980. Technology Transfer of Management in the Developing
Countries. Ballinger Publ. Co., Cambridge.
88
EXTENSION EDUCATION
List of Journals

Agricultural Extension Review

European Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension
Indian Journal of Social Work
International Journal of Business and Globalization
International Journal of Sustainable Development
Journal of Extension
Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability
Journal of Environmental Extension
Journal of Extension Education
Journal of International Agriculture and Extension Education
Journal of Rural Development
British Journal of Educational Technology
Economic and Political Weekly
Indian Economic Panorama
Indian Journal of Adult Education
Indian Journal of Extension Education
Indian Journal of Human Development
Indian Journal of Open Learning
Indian Journal of Social Development
Indian Journal of Training and Development
Indian Social Science Review
Journal of Extension System
Journal of Development Studies
Journal of Educational Planning and Administration
Journal of Educational Psychology
Journal of Environmental Studies and Policy
Journal of Sustainable Agriculture
The Journal of Entrepreneurship
e- Resources

www.pearsoned.com (Pearson Education Publication)

www.mcgraw-hill.com (McGraw-Hill Publishing Company)
www.oup.com (Oxford University Press)
www.emeraldinsight.com (Emerald Group Publishing)
www.sagepub.com (Sage publications)
www.macmillanindia.com (Macmillan Publishing)
www.krishiworld.com (Agriculture Portal)
www.aiaee.org (The Association for International Agricultural and Extension
Education)
www.geogate.org (Agriculture Portal)
www.icar.org.in (Indian Council of Agricultural Research)
www.manage.gov.in (National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management)
89
Suggested Broad Topics for Master s and Doctoral Research
.
Agricultural communication
.
Agricultural Journalism
.
Agriculture Education
.
Agro Forestry Extension
.
Banking & Credit
.
Commercialization and Diversification in Agriculture
o
Vegetables
o
Horticulture
o
Agri. tourism
o
Floriculture
o
Mushroom cultivation
o
Bee Keeping
o
Organic Farming
.
Cropping System/Farming System
.
Diffusion and Adoption
.
Dry Farming Technology
.
Entrepreneurship Development
.
Extension Administration and Management
.
Extension Methods and techniques
.
Extension Trainings
.
Extension Management and Sustainable Agricultural Development
.
Indigenous Practices
.
Rural Organization and Institutions
.
Scientific Productivity and Human Resource Development
.
Youth/Women Development
.
Social Marketing
90
COMPULSORY NON-CREDIT COURSES
(Compulsory for Master s programme in all disciplines; Optional for Ph.D. scholars
)
CODE COURSE TITLE CREDITS
PGS 501 LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES 0+1
PGS 502 TECHNICAL WRITING AND COMMUNICATIONS
SKILLS 0+1
PGS 503
(e-Course)
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND ITS
MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE
1+0
PGS 504 BASIC CONCEPTS IN LABORATORY TECHNIQUES 0+1
PGS 505
(e-Course)
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, RESEARCH ETHICS
AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES 1+0
PGS 506
(e-Course)
DISASTER MANAGEMENT 1+0
Course Contents
PGS 501 LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES 0+1
Objective
To equip the library users with skills to trace information from libraries effic
iently,
to apprise them of information and knowledge resources, to carry out literature
survey, to formulate information search strategies, and to use modern tools
(Internet, OPAC, search engines etc.) of information search.
Practical
Introduction to library and its services; Role of libraries in education, resear
ch and
technology transfer; Classification systems and organization of library; Sources
of
information- Primary Sources, Secondary Sources and Tertiary Sources;
Intricacies of abstracting and indexing services (Science Citation Index, Biolog
ical
Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts, CABI Abstracts, etc.); Tracing information from
reference sources; Literature survey; Citation techniques/Preparation of
bibliography; Use of CD-ROM Databases, Online Public Access Catalogue and
other computerized library services; Use of Internet including search engines an
d
its resources; e-resources access methods.
PGS 502 TECHNICAL WRITING AND COMMUNICATIONS SKILLS 0+1
Objective
To equip the students/scholars with skills to write dissertations, research pape
rs,
etc.
To equip the students/scholars with skills to communicate and articulate in Engl
ish
(verbal as well as writing).
Practical
Technical Writing -Various forms of scientific writings- theses, technical paper
s,
reviews, manuals, etc; Various parts of thesis and research communications (titl
e
page, authorship contents page, preface, introduction, review of literature, mat
erial
and methods, experimental results and discussion); Writing of abstracts,
summaries, précis, citations etc.; commonly used abbreviations in the theses and
91
research communications; illustrations, photographs and drawings with suitable
captions; pagination, numbering of tables and illustrations; Writing of numbers
and dates in scientific write-ups; Editing and proof-reading; Writing of a revie
w
article.
Communication Skills -Grammar (Tenses, parts of speech, clauses, punctuation
marks); Error analysis (Common errors); Concord; Collocation; Phonetic symbols
and transcription; Accentual pattern: Weak forms in connected speech:
Participation in group discussion: Facing an interview; presentation of scientif
ic
papers.
Suggested Readings
Chicago Manual of Style. 14th Ed. 1996. Prentice Hall of India.
Collins Cobuild English Dictionary. 1995. Harper Collins.
Gordon HM & Walter JA. 1970. Technical Writing. 3rd Ed. Holt, Rinehart
&

Winston.
Hornby AS. 2000. Comp. Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary of Current
English. 6th Ed. Oxford University Press.
James HS. 1994. Handbook for Technical Writing. NTC Business Books.
Joseph G. 2000. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 5th Ed. Affiliated
East-West Press.
Mohan K. 2005. Speaking English Effectively. MacMillan India.
Richard WS. 1969. Technical Writing. Barnes & Noble.
Robert C. (Ed.). 2005. Spoken English: Flourish Your Language. Abhishek.
Sethi J & Dhamija PV. 2004. Course in Phonetics and Spoken English. 2nd Ed.
Prentice Hall of India.
Wren PC & Martin H. 2006. High School English Grammar and Composition. S.
Chand & Co.
PGS 503
(e-Course)
Objective
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND ITS
MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE
1+0
The main objective of this course is to equip students and stakeholders with
knowledge of intellectual property rights (IPR) related protection systems, thei
r
significance and use of IPR as a tool for wealth and value creation in a knowled
ge-
based economy.
Theory
Historical perspectives and need for the introduction of Intellectual Property R
ight
regime; TRIPs and various provisions in TRIPS Agreement; Intellectual Property
and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), benefits of securing IPRs; Indian
Legislations for the protection of various types of Intellectual Properties;
Fundamentals of patents, copyrights, geographical indications, designs and layou
t,
trade secrets and traditional knowledge, trademarks, protection of plant varieti
es
and farmers rights and bio-diversity protection; Protectable subject matters,
protection in biotechnology, protection of other biological materials, ownership
and period of protection; National Biodiversity protection initiatives; Conventi
on
on Biological Diversity; International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Foo
d
and Agriculture; Licensing of technologies, Material transfer agreements,
Research collaboration Agreement, License Agreement.
Suggested Readings
Erbisch FH & Maredia K.1998. Intellectual Property Rights in Agricultural
Biotechnology. CABI.
92
Ganguli P. 2001. Intellectual Property Rights: Unleashing Knowledge Economy.
McGraw-Hill.
Intellectual Property Rights: Key to New Wealth Generation. 2001. NRDC &
Aesthetic Technologies.
Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. 2004. State of Indian Farmer. Vol.

V. Technology Generation and IPR Issues. Academic Foundation.

Rothschild M & Scott N. (Ed.). 2003. Intellectual Property Rights in Animal
Breeding and Genetics. CABI.
Saha R. (Ed.). 2006. Intellectual Property Rights in NAM and Other Developing
Countries: A Compendium on Law and Policies. Daya Publ. House.
The Indian Acts - Patents Act, 1970 and amendments; Design Act, 2000;
Trademarks Act, 1999; The Copyright Act, 1957 and amendments; Layout Design
Act, 2000; PPV and FR Act 2001, and Rules 2003; National Biological Diversity
Act, 2003.
PGS 504 BASIC CONCEPTS IN LABORATORY TECHNIQUES 0+1
Objective
To acquaint the students about the basics of commonly used techniques in
laboratory.
Practical
Safety measures while in Lab; Handling of chemical substances; Use of burettes,
pipettes, measuring cylinders, flasks, separatory funnel, condensers, micropipet
tes
and vaccupets; washing, drying and sterilization of glassware; Drying of
solvents/chemicals. Weighing and preparation of solutions of different strengths
and their dilution; Handling techniques of solutions; Preparation of different
agro-chemical doses in field and pot applications; Preparation of solutions of a
cids;
Neutralisation of acid and bases; Preparation of buffers of different strengths
and
pH values. Use and handling of microscope, laminar flow, vacuum pumps,
viscometer, thermometer, magnetic stirrer, micro-ovens, incubators, sandbath,
waterbath, oilbath; Electric wiring and earthing. Preparation of media and
methods of sterilization; Seed viability testing, testing of pollen viability; T
issue
culture of crop plants; Description of flowering plants in botanical terms in
relation to taxonomy
Suggested Readings
Furr AK. 2000. CRC Hand Book of Laboratory Safety. CRC Press.
Gabb MH & Latchem WE. 1968. A Handbook of Laboratory Solutions. Chemical
Publ. Co.
PGS 505 AGRICULTURALRESEARCH,RESEARCHETHICS 1+0
(e-Course) AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
Objective
To enlighten the students about the organization and functioning of agricultural
research systems at national and international levels, research ethics, and rura
l
development programmes and policies of Government.
Theory
UNIT I
93
History of agriculture in brief; Global agricultural research system: need, scop
e,
opportunities; Role in promoting food security, reducing poverty and protecting
the environment; National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) and Regional
Agricultural Research Institutions; Consultative Group on International
Agricultural Research (CGIAR): International Agricultural Research Centres
(IARC), partnership with NARS, role as a partner in the global agricultural
research system, strengthening capacities at national and regional levels;
International fellowships for scientific mobility.
UNIT II
Research ethics: research integrity, research safety in laboratories, welfare of
animals used in research, computer ethics, standards and problems in research
ethics.
UNIT III
Concept and connotations of rural development, rural development policies and
strategies. Rural development programmes: Community Development Programme,
Intensive Agricultural District Programme, Special group Area Specific
Programme, Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) Panchayati Raj
Institutions, Co-operatives, Voluntary Agencies/Non-Governmental Organisations.
Critical evaluation of rural development policies and programmes. Constraints in
implementation of rural policies and programmes.
Suggested Readings
Bhalla GS & Singh G. 2001. Indian Agriculture - Four Decades of Development.
Sage Publ.
Punia MS. Manual on International Research and Research Ethics. CCS, Haryana
Agricultural University, Hisar.
Rao BSV. 2007. Rural Development Strategies and Role of Institutions - Issues,
Innovations and Initiatives. Mittal Publ.
Singh K.. 1998. Rural Development - Principles, Policies and Management. Sage
Publ.
PGS 506 DISASTER MANAGEMENT 1+0
(e-Course)
Objectives
To introduce learners to the key concepts and practices of natural disaster
management; to equip them to conduct thorough assessment of hazards, and risks
vulnerability; and capacity building.
Theory
UNIT I
Natural Disasters- Meaning and nature of natural disasters, their types and effe
cts.
Floods, Drought, Cyclone, Earthquakes, Landslides, Avalanches, Volcanic
eruptions, Heat and cold Waves, Climatic Change: Global warming, Sea Level
rise, Ozone Depletion
UNIT II
Man Made Disasters- Nuclear disasters, chemical disasters, biological disasters,
building fire, coal fire, forest fire. Oil fire, air pollution, water pollution,
deforestation, Industrial wastewater pollution, road accidents, rail accidents,
air
accidents, sea accidents.
UNIT III
Disaster Management- Efforts to mitigate natural disasters at national and globa
l
levels. International Strategy for Disaster reduction. Concept of disaster
94
management, national disaster management framework; financial arrangements;
role of NGOs, Community-based organizations, and media. Central, State, District
and local Administration; Armed forces in Disaster response; Disaster response:
Police and other organizations.
Suggested Readings
Gupta HK. 2003. Disaster Management. Indian National Science Academy. Orient
Blackswan.
Hodgkinson PE & Stewart M. 1991. Coping with Catastrophe: A Handbook of
Disaster Management. Routledge.
Sharma VK. 2001. Disaster Management. National Centre for Disaster
Management, India.
95
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Every work of an individual or a team is the result of the efforts and the contr
ibutions of
many persons. It is the duty of the individual or the team to acknowledge the co
ntributions of all
the persons who directly or indirectly inspired and helped to create something n
ew. While it is
possible to thank only a relative few, the help of all is greatly appreciated.
BSMAC (Social Sciences) wishes to thank all the officials and staff members of I
CAR,
New Delhi specially Dr. Mangala Rai, Director General, Dr S. P. Tiwari, DDG (Edu
cation) and
Dr R. K. Mittal ADG (EQR) for providing all support and administrative assistanc
e.
BSMAC (Social Sciences) is especially thankful to Dr. J. C. Katyal, Vice-Chancel
lor,
CCS Haryana Agriculural University, Hisar and Chairman, National Core Group for
his initiative,
support, direction, suggestions, and guidance without which this document was no
t possible.
BSMAC is also thankful to all NCG members for their support and guidance.
BSMAC (Social Sciences) is also thankful to the Vice-chancellors and other offic
ials of
Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad, and Tamil Nadu Agricultural
University,
Coimbatore for providing all help and assistance to hold BSMAC meetings. Thanks
are also due
for Dr. R.K. Walia, Professor, Nematology, CCS HAU, Hisar for his unselfish and
sincere coordination.
Last but not the least, BSMAC (Social Sciences) would like to express its gratit
ude
towards all the faculty members, people from industry, students, progressive far
mers and other
stakeholders who directly or indirectly helped the committee in preparing Post G
raduate
curricula.
96