1.0.

DESIGN DATA

Grade of concrete = M 30 IS3370(Part-1)-2009

Cl.5(a)
Grade of steel = Fe 415
Density of Reinforced cement concrete = 25 kN/m3
Density of water,γw = 10 kN/m3
Unit weight of soil,γe = 17.5 kN/m3 From soil report
Saturated unit weight of soil,γsat = 18 kN/m 3

Exposure condition = Severe IS3370(Part-1) 2009

Cl.4
Nominal cover = 45 mm IS 456 - 2000
Clause 26.4.2
Safe bearing capacity of soil,SBC = 100 kN/m2 From soil report
Surcharge = 0 kN/m2 Assumption
Ground water table 2 m below FGL From soil report
Angle of repose,Ø = 30 degrees
Factor of safety against floatation = 1.2 IS 3370(part-I) 2009
Clause 7.2.b.1
Load factor = 1.5

3.0.MOMENT AND SHEAR COEFFICIENTS

A 1 B 2 C

3 5 7
4 6
D F
E

8
9 10

G
11 H 12 J

Considering tank ABCDEF

Length = 30 m
Breadth = 8 m
Height = 4.6 m

a/b for long wall = 0.5L/H = 15/4.6 = 3.26

a/b for short wall = 0.5B/H = 4/4.6 = 0.87

Referring Moody's chart fig.13

For Long wall considering a/b = 1
 x/a = 1 x/a = 0
y/b
My Mx My Mx
1.00 0 0 0 0

0.80 -0.0158 -0.0061 0.0035 0.0177

0.60 -0.0259 -0.0096 0.0058 0.0289

0.40 -0.0235 -0.0084 0.0056 0.028

0.20 0.0007 -0.0012 0.0027 0.0137

0 0.0593 0.0119 0 0

For Short wall considering a/b = 3/8

x/a = 1 x/a = 0
y/b
My Mx My Mx
1.00 0 0 0 0

0.80 -0.0016 -0.0046 0.0018 0.0091

0.60 -0.0038 -0.0084 0.0034 0.017

0.40 -0.0063 -0.0098 0.0041 0.0207

0.20 -0.0052 -0.0061 0.0029 0.0145

0 0.02 0.004 0 0

For Long wall b/a = 1.00

Shear coefficient = 0.2583

For Short wall b/a = 3/8

Shear coefficient = 0.212

Considering tank DEFGHJ

Length = 10 m
Breadth = 7 m
Height = 3.5 m

a/b for long wall = 0.5*L/H = 5/3.5 = 1.43

a/b for short wall = 0.5*B/H = 3.5/3.5 = 1.00
a/b for short wall = 0.5*B/H = 3.5/4.6 = 0.76

Referring Moody's chart fig.13

For Long wall considering a/b = 1 1/2

x/a = 1 x/a = 0
y/b
My Mx My Mx
1.00
0 0 0 0
1.00
0 0 0 0
0.80
-0.0187 -0.0044 0.0029 0.0145
0.60
-0.0259 -0.0069 0.0046 0.0232
0.40 -0.0253 -0.0058 0.0044 0.0219

0.20 0.0029 0.0004 0.002 0.0101

0 0.0637 0.0127 0 0

For Short wall considering a/b = 1.00

x/a = 1 x/a = 0
y/b
My Mx My Mx
1.00 0 0 0 0

0.80 -0.0158 -0.0061 0.0035 0.0177

0.60 -0.0259 -0.0096 0.0058 0.0289

0.40 -0.0235 -0.0084 0.0056 0.028

0.20 0.0007 -0.0012 0.0027 0.0137

0 0.0593 0.0119 0 0

For Short wall considering a/b = 3/4

x/a = 1 x/a = 0
y/b
My Mx My Mx
1.00 0 0 0 0

0.80 -0.0113 -0.0074 0.0036 0.0181

0.60 -0.0196 -0.0119 0.006 0.0301

0.40 -0.0198 -0.0109 0.006 0.0302

0.20 -0.0021 -0.0032 0.0031 0.0155

0 0.0505 0.0101 0 0

For Long wall b/a = 1 1/2

Shear coefficient = 0.2503

For Short wall b/a = 1.00

Shear coefficient = 0.2583

For Short wall b/a = 3/4

Shear coefficient = 0.2616
4.0.DESIGN

4.1.Design of wall 1 & 2

4.1.1.For tank full and no earth pressure outside

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3
= 0.0593*10*4.6^3 = 57.720 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 57.72*1.5 = 86.58 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*10*4.6^3 = 28.130 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 28.13*1.5 = 42.20 kN.m
Shear force in wall 3 & 7 will cause direct tension on wall 1 & 2 IS 3370(Part IV)-1967
Direct tension on wall 1 & 2 = 0.212*wa^2 Cl.2.3
0.212*10*4.6^2 = 44.859 kN
Factored direct tension = 44.86*1.5 = 67.289 kN
Calculation of thickness of wall
Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(86.58*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000) = 147.307 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast1 = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 480.48 mm2
Ast2 = Direct tension / (0.87*fy) = 67.29*1000/(0.87*415)
= 186.37 mm2
Ast = Ast1 + Ast2/2 = 480.48 + 186.37/2 = 573.66 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 573.66 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 125 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 628.319 mm 2
Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*Mvu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 1016.91 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(250/2) = 300 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 1016.91 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 100 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 1130.97 mm 2
Safe

4.1.2.For tank empty with earth pressure outside

 Active pressure co-efficient, ka = (1-sinØ)/(1+sinØ)
= (1-sin30)/(1+sin30) = 0.33
γsub = γsat - γw = 18-10 = 8 kN/m3
Pressure due surcharge = kaws = 0.33*0
= 0.00 kN/m2
Height of soil above water table,h1 = 2 m.
Height of soil below water table,h2 = 2.6 m.
Pressure due to soil above water table = kaγeh1 = 0.33*17.5*2
=
11.67 kN/m2
Pressure due to soil below water table = kaγsubh2 = 0.33*8*2.6
= 6.93 kN/m2
Pressure due to water = γwh2 = 10*2.6
= 26 kN/m2
Pressure due to soil and water below water tabl = 6.93+26
= 32.93 kN/m2

All dimensions are in metre

2
4.6

6.93 26
0.00
kN/m

kN/m
11.6

kN/m2 kN/m2
7
2

32.93kN/m2
PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
All dimensions are in metre

As per IS 3370(part IV), Clause 2.2.2, in case of tank built below under ground
with earth covering the roof slab, there will be a trapezoidal distribution of
lateral earth pressure on the walls. In this case it gives the fairly good
approximation to substitute triangle with same area as the trapezoidal
representing the actual load distribution. The intensity of load is approximately
should be the same at mid-depth in both cases.

Area of trapezoidal distribution = 84.81

Equivalent triangular distribution
Breadth of the triangle = 84.81*2/4.6 = 36.88 kN/m2
In trapezoidal distribution pressure at mid-depth = 16.42 kN/m2
In triangular distribution pressure at mid-depth = 18.44 kN/m2

All pressure are in kN/m2

16.42 18.44
 6.93 26
0.00

36.88
11.6
7

32.93

All pressure are in kN/m2

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3

= 0.0593*36.88*4.6^2
Factored moment, Mvu = 46.271*1.5
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*36.88*4.6^2
Factored moment, MHu = 22.55*1.5
= 46.271 kN.m
= 69.406 kN.m
= 22.550 kN.m
= 33.825 kN.m

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(69.406*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000 = 131.89 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 249 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 384.656 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 477.84 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 125 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
Soil face.
Ast provided = 904.779 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*Mvu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 808.748 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 808.748 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 100 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
Soil face.
Ast provided = 1130.97 mm2 Safe

4.2.Design of wall 3 & 7

4.2.1.For tank full and no earth pressure outside

 Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3
= 0.02*10*4.6^3 = 19.467 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 19.47*1.5 = 29.201 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*10*4.6^3 = 28.130 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 28.13*1.5 = 42.195 kN.m
Shear force in wall 1,2,4,6 will cause direct tension on wall 3 & 7 IS 3370(Part IV)-1967
Direct tension on wall 3 & 7 = 0.2583*wa^2 Cl.2.3
0.2583*10*4.6^2 = 54.656 kN
Factored direct tension = 54.66*1.5 = 81.984 kN

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(42.195*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000 = 102.836 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast1 = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 480.48 mm2
Ast2 = Direct tension / (0.87*fy) = 81.984*1000/(0.87*415)
= 227.07 mm2
Ast = Ast1 + Ast2/2 = 480.48 + 227.07/2 = 594.02 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 594.02 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 125 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 628.319 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*Mvu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 329.686 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm2 Safe

4.2.2.For tank empty with earth pressure outside

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3

= 0.02*36.88*4.6^2 = 15.606 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 15.61*1.5 = 23.408 kN.m
 Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*36.88*4.6^2 = 22.550 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 22.55*1.5 = 33.825 kN.m

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(15.606*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000 = 92.0734 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
383.049 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 496.59 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 125 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
Soil face.
Ast provided = 628.319 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 263.304 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
Soil face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm 2
Safe

4.3.Design of wall 5

4.3.1.For tank full and other empty

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3
= 0.02*10*4.6^3 = 19.467 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 19.47*1.5 = 29.201 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*10*4.6^3 = 28.130 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 28.13*1.5 = 42.195 kN.m
Shear force in wall 1,2,4,6 will cause direct tension on wall 5
Direct tension on wall 5 = 0.2583*wa^2
0.2583*10*4.6^2 = 54.656 kN
Factored direct tension = 54.66*1.5 = 81.984 kN

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
 Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(42.195*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000 = 102.836 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast1 = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 480.48 mm2
Ast2 = Direct tension / σst = 81.984*10^3 /(0.87* 415)
= 227.07 mm2
Ast = Ast1 + Ast2/2 = 480.48 + 227.07/2 = 594.02 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 594.02 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 125 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 628.319 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*Mvu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 329.686 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm 2
Safe

4.4.Design of wall 4 & 6

4.4.1.For one tank full and other empty

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3
= 0.0593*10*4.6^3 = 57.720 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 57.72*1.5 = 86.580 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*10*4.6^3 = 28.130 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 28.13*1.5 = 42.195 kN.m
Shear force in walls 3,5,7,8,9,10 will cause direct tension on walls 4 & 6
Direct tension on walls 4 & 6 = 0.2616*wa^2
0.2616*10*4.6^2 = 55.355 kN
Factored direct tension = 55.35*1.5 = 83.032 kN

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(86.58*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000) = 147.307 mm.
 Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast1 = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 480.48 mm2
Ast2 = Direct tension / (0.87*fy) = 83.03*1000/(0.87*415)
= 229.97 mm2
Ast = Ast1 + Ast2/2 = 480.48 + 229.97/2 = 595.47 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 595.47 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 125 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 628.319 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*Mvu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 1016.91 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 1016.91 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 100 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 1130.97 mm 2
Safe

4.5.Design of walls 8 & 10

4.5.1.For tank full and no earth pressure outside

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3
= 0.0593*10*3.5^3 = 25.425 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 25.42*1.5 = 38.137 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*10*3.5^3 = 12.391 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 12.39*1.5 = 18.586 kN.m
Shear force in wallS 4,6,11,12 will cause direct tension on wallS 8 & 10
Direct tension on wall 8 & 10 = 0.2583*wa^2
0.2583*10*3.5^2 = 31.642 kN
Factored direct tension = 31.64*1.5 = 47.463 kN

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(38.137*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000 = 97.7662 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm
 Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment
Ast1 = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 208.421 mm2
Ast2 = Direct tension / (0.87*fy) = 47.46*1000/(0.87*415)
= 131.46 mm2
Ast = Ast1 + Ast2/2 = 208.42 + 131.46/2 = 274.15 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360.00 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MVu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 433.106 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 433.106 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm2 Safe

4.5.2.For tank empty with earth pressure outside

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3

= 0.0593*24.81*3.5^2 = 18.022 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 18.02*1.5 = 27.033 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*24.81*3.5^2 = 8.783 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 8.78*1.5 = 13.175 kN.m

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(27.033*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000 = 82.3121 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 147.233 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360.00 mm 2
 Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
Soil face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MVu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 304.787 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
Soil face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm 2
Safe

4.6.Design of wall 9

4.6.1.For one tank full and other empty

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3
= 0.0593*10*4.6^3 = 57.720 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 57.72*1.5 = 86.580 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0302*10*4.6^3 = 29.395 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 29.4*1.5 = 44.093 kN.m
Shear force in walls 4,6,11,12 will cause direct tension on wall 9
Direct tension on wall 9 = 0.2583*wa^2
0.2583*10*4.6^2 = 54.656 kN
Factored direct tension = 54.66*1.5 = 81.984 kN

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(86.58*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000) = 147.307 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 249 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast1 = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 504.867 mm2
Ast2 = Direct tension / (0.87*fy) = 81.98*1000/(0.87*415)
= 227.07 mm2
Ast = Ast1 + Ast2/2 = 504.87 + 227.07/2 = 731.94 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 731.94 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
 Provide 12 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 753.982 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*Mvu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 1021.51 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 1021.51 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 100 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 1130.97 mm 2
Safe

4.7.Design of walls 11 & 12

4.7.1.For tank full and no earth pressure outside

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3
= 0.0637*10*3.5^3 = 27.311 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 27.31*1.5 = 40.967 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*10*3.5^3 = 12.391 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 12.39*1.5 = 18.586 kN.m
Shear force in walls 8,9,10 will cause direct tension on wallS 11 & 12
Direct tension on wall 11 & 12 = 0.2583*wa^2
0.2583*10*3.5^2 = 31.642 kN
Factored direct tension = 31.64*1.5 = 47.463 kN

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(40.967*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000 = 101.328 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast1 = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 208.421 mm2
Ast2 = Direct tension / (0.87*fy) = 47.46*1000/(0.87*415)
= 131.46 mm2
Ast = Ast1 + Ast2/2 = 208.42 + 131.46/2 = 274.15 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360.00 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
liquid face.
 Ast provided = 523.599 mm2 Safe

Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*Mvu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 466.115 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 466.115 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
liquid face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm2 Safe

4.7.2.For tank empty with earth pressure outside

Active pressure co-efficient, ka = (1-sinØ)/(1+sinØ)
= (1-sin30)/(1+sin30) = 0.33
γsub = γsat - γw = - = 8 kN/m3
Pressure due surcharge = kaws = 0.33*0
= 0.00 kN/m2
Height of soil above water table,h1 = 2 m.
Height of soil below water table,h2 = 1.5 m.
Pressure due to soil above water table = kaγeh1 = 0.33*17.5*2
= 11.67 kN/m2
Pressure due to soil below water table = kaγsubh2 = 0.33*8*1.5
= 4.00 kN/m2
Pressure due to water = γwh2 = 10*1.5
= 15 kN/m2
Pressure due to soil and water below water tabl = 4+15
= 19.00 kN/m2
2
3.5

4.00 15
0.00
kN/m

kN/m
11.6

kN/m2 kN/m2
7
2

19.00kN/m2
PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
All dimensions are in metre

As per IS 3370(part IV), Clause 2.2.2, in case of tank built below under ground
with earth covering the roof slab, there will be a trapezoidal distribution of
lateral earth pressure on the walls. In this case it gives the fairly good
approximation to substitute triangle with same area as the trapezoidal
representing the actual load distribution. The intensity of load should approximately
the same at mid-depth in both cases.

Area of trapezoidal distribution = 43.42

Equivalent triangular distribution
Breadth of the triangle = 43.42*2/3.5 = 24.81 kN/m2
In trapezoidal distribution pressure at mid-depth = 11.67 kN/m2
In triangular distribution pressure at mid-depth = 12.40 kN/m2

11.67 12.40

4.00 15
0.00

24.81
11.6
7

19.00

All pressure are in kN/m2

Maximum Vertical moment,Mv = My*w*a3

= 0.0637*24.81*3.5^2 = 19.359 kN.m
Factored moment, Mvu = 19.36*1.5 = 29.039 kN.m
Maximum Horizontal moment,MH = Mx*w*a3
= 0.0289*24.81*3.5^2 = 8.783 kN.m
Factored moment, MHu = 8.78*1.5 = 13.175 kN.m

Calculation of thickness of wall

Considering 1m width
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.133*fck*b))
= Sqrt(29.039*10^6 / (0.133*30*1000 = 85.3112 mm.
Thickness provided = 300 mm Safe
Effective thickness = 250 mm

Calculation of Ast for Horizontal moment

Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*MHu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 147.233 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360.00 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Horizontal direction along
Soil face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm2 Safe
 Calculation of Ast for Vertical moment
Ast = ((0.5*fck)/fy)*(1-sqrt(1-((4.6*Mvu)/(fck*b*d^2))))*b*d
= 327.827 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(300/2) = 360 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 360 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 250 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 10 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c in Vertical direction along
Soil face.
Ast provided = 523.599 mm2 Safe

4.8.DESIGN OF BASE SLAB

4.8.1.Check for floatation

Assume thickness of base slab,tb = 400 mm
Breadth of base slab,Bb = 15.9 m
Length of base slab,Lb = 60.9 m
Weight of base slab = 9716.98 kN
Weight of walls 1,2,4,6 = 4202.1 kN
Weight of walls 3,5,7 = 828 kN
Weight of wall 9 = 199.013 kN
Weight of walls 8,10 = 367.5 kN
Weight of walls 11,12 = 1598.63 kN
Weight of top slab = 6051.94 kN
Total downward force = 22964.2 kN
Considering the possibility of sudden change in ground water table or suddenIS 3370(part-1)2009
accumulation of water around. Cl.7.2.b.5
Uplift pressure 1 = 10*5 = 30 kN/m2
Uplift pressure 2 = 10*3.9 = 19 kN/m2
Net uplift force = 15148.1 kN
Downward force / Uplift force = 1.52 > 1.2
Safe
Therefore provide projection of base slab beyond the face of the vertical wall
by an amount 'x' m alround, so that weight of soil column supported by the
projections will provide additional downward force.
Assume cantilever projection,x = 0 mm.
Weight of soil supported by projection = -218.592 kN
Self weight of cantilever projection = -26.4 kN
Downward force = 22719.2 kN
Upward force = 9261.71 kN
Downward force / Uplift force = 2.45 > 1.2
Safe

4.8.2.Check for Safe Bearing pressure

Case 1: Tanks are full and no water table outside

Weight of water inside the tank = 24530 kN

Self weight of tank = 13247.2 kN
Net pressure at base of slab = 39.01 kN/m2 < 100 kN/m2
Safe
 Case 2: Tanks are empty and pressure due to water table outside

Self weight of tank = 13247.2 kN

Force due to buoyancy = 4368.87 kN
Net force = Force due to self weight of tank - Force due to buoyancy
= 13247.18 - 4368.87 = 8878.31 kN
Net pressure at base of slab = 9.17 kN/m2 < 100 kN/m2
Safe
4.8.3.Design of base slab

Design of base slab for tank ABCDEF

Dimension of the base slab for ABCD = 20.9 m x 3.6 m
Weight of top slab = 470.25 kN
Weight of walls = 5030.1 kN
Weight of soil supported by projection = 0 kN
Weight of water = 2760 kN
Weight of bottom slab = 752.4 kN
Total load = 9012.75 kN
Considering uniform pressure distribution
Net upward pressure = 119.79 kN/m2

Design of slab ABDE

Effective length along long direction,ly = 10.3 m IS 456 - 2000

Effective length along short direction,lx = 3.3 m Cl.22.2
Net pressure acting on internal slab = 73.10 kN/m2 (Tank empty)
= 63.79 kN/m2 (Tank full)
ly/lx = 10.3/3.3 = 3.12 > 2
Design slab as one way slab IS 456 - 2000
= wlx /10
2
Moment at support = 79.61 kN.m (Top reinforcement) D-1.11
Factored moment = 79.61*1.5 = 119.42 kN.m
= wlx /12
2
Moment at Midspan = 66.34 kN.m (Bottom reinforcement)
Factored moment = 66.34*1.5 = 99.51 kN.m
Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.138*fck*b))
= Sqrt(79.61*10^6 / (0.138*30*1000)
= 138.671 mm
Thickness provided = 349 mm Safe
Calculation of Ast for Top reinforcement
Ast = 986.762 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(349/2) = 418.8 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 986.76 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c
Ast provided = 753.982 mm2 Decrease spacing

Calculation of Ast for Bottom reinforcement

Ast = 816.569 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(349/2) = 418.8 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 816.57 mm2
 Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c
Ast provided = 753.982 mm2 Decrease spacing

Check for shear

Maximum shear force = 96.50 kN
Nominal shear stress = 0.28 N/mm2
Percentage of steel = 0.21604
Shear strength of concrete = 0.35 N/mm2
Shear strength of concrete > Nominal shear stress
Safe

Check for deflection

Steel stress of service loads,fs = 0.58*fy*(Ast required / Ast provided)
= 260.68 N/mm2
Basic value = 26
Modification factor = 1.54
Span / Effective depth < Basic value * Modification factor
Eff.depth required = 82.31 mm
Eff.depth provided = 349 mm Safe

Design of cantilever projection

Net udl on the cantilever projection = 8.70 kN/m2 Tank empty

Net udl on the cantilever projection = -27.99 kN/m2 Tank full

Moment = wl2/2 = 0.00 kN.m

Factored moment = 0.00 kN.m
Moment is much less than base slab, therefore extend the same reinforcement

Design of base slab for tank ABCDEF

Overall dimension of the base slab = 20.9 m x 7.3 m
Weight of top slab = 572.138 kN
Weight of walls = 4266.19 kN
Weight of soil supported by projection = 0 kN
Weight of water = 4900 kN
Weight of bottom slab = 1331.17 kN
Total load = 11069.5 kN
Considering uniform pressure distribution
Net upward pressure = 72.55 kN/m2

Design of slab DEGH

Effective length along long direction,ly = 10.3 m IS 456 - 2000

Effective length along short direction,lx = 7.3 m Cl.22.2
Net pressure acting on internal slab = 31.71 kN/m2 (Tank empty)
= 28.83 kN/m2 (Tank full)
ly/lx = 10.3/7.3 = 1.41 < 2
Design slab as two way slab IS 456 - 2000, D-1.11
Calculation of moments along shorter span

For ly/lx =1.41, Interior panels

 αx for Negative moment at continuous edge = 0.051
αx for Positive moment at mid span = 0.039

Negative moment,My = 0.051*31.71*7.3^2 = 86.19 kN.m

Factored moment = 86.19*1.5 = 129.28 kN.m
Positive moment,My = 0.039*31.71*7.3^2 = 65.91 kN.m
Factored moment = 65.91*1.5 = 98.86 kN.m

Calculation of moments along longer span

For ly/lx =1.41, Interior panels

αy for Negative moment at continuous edge = 0.032

αy for Positive moment at mid span = 0.024

Negative moment,Mx = 0.032*31.71*7.3^2 = 54.08 kN.m

Factored moment = 54.08*1.5 = 81.12 kN.m
Positive moment,Mx = 0.024*31.71*7.3^2 = 40.56 kN.m
Factored moment = 40.56*1.5 = 60.84 kN.m

Thickness required = Sqrt(Mu/(0.138*fck*b))

= Sqrt(129.281*10^6 / (0.138*30*1000)
= 176.712 mm
Thickness provided = 349 mm Safe

CALCULATION OF Ast ALONG SHORTER SPAN

Calculation of Ast for Negative moment
Ast = 1072.05 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(349/2) = 418.8 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 1072.05 mm 2

Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009

= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 100 mm c/c
Ast provided = 1130.97 mm2
Safe

Calculation of Ast for Positive moment

Ast = 811.04 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(349/2) = 418.8 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 811.04 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c
Ast provided = 753.982 mm2 Decrease spacing

CALCULATION OF Ast ALONG LONGER SPAN

Calculation of Ast for Negative moment
Ast = 661.416 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(349/2) = 418.8 mm2 Clause 8.1
 Ast,reqd = 661.42 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c
Ast provided = 753.982 mm2
Safe

Calculation of Ast for Positive moment

Ast = 492.678 mm2
Ast,min = 0.24% of the total cross sectional area of surface zone section IS 3370(part-2)2009
= (0.24/100)*1000*(349/2) = 418.8 mm2 Clause 8.1
Ast,reqd = 492.68 mm2
Smax = Thickness or 300 mm. whichever is smaller. IS 3370(part-2)2009
= 300 mm. Clause 8.1.1
Provide 12 dia bar @ 150 mm c/c
Ast provided = 753.982 mm2 Safe

Check for shear

Maximum shear force = 115.75 kN
Nominal shear stress = 0.33 N/mm2
Percentage of steel = 0.22
Shear strength of concrete = 0.35 N/mm2
Shear strength of concrete > Nominal shear stress
Safe

Check for deflection

Steel stress of service loads,fs = 0.58*fy*(Ast required / Ast provided)
= 258.915 N/mm2
Basic value = 26
Modification factor = 1.56
Span / Effective depth < Basic value * Modification factor
Eff.depth required = 180.48 mm
Eff.depth provided = 349 mm Safe

Design of cantilever projection

Net udl on the cantilever projection = 3.29 kN/m2 Tank empty

Net udl on the cantilever projection = -28.83 kN/m2 Tank full

Moment = wl2/2 = 0.00 kN.m

Factored moment = 0.00 kN.m
Moment is much less than base slab, therefore extend the same reinforcement