ROAD ACCIDENT STATISTICS

in partial fulfilment for the award

of grade for the course
15CSE302 Database Management Systems

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

AMRITA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, COIMBATORE
AMRITA VISHWA VIDYAPEETHAM
COIMBATORE 641 112

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: ABSTRACT…………………………………………..4



Chapter 2:PREVIEW……………………………… ……………5


1|Page
   
 INTRODUCTION
 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Chapter 3:ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM ….……….....6



 Chapter 4:EXTENDED ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM .7

 Chapter 5:NORMALIZATION………………………………8-13

 Chapter 6:USER INTERFACE…………………………………14

Chapter 7:CONNECTION……………………………….….15-16


Chapter 8:HTML CODE MAIN PAGE ……………….…….17-23



Chapter 8:CONCLUSION AND REFERENCES………….….24


2|Page
 ABSTRACT

In order to facilitate an assessment of future road accident prevention and for the awareness of
major causes for accidents, accurate information and road accident statistics for the past few
years is necessary. The main of objective this project is to design an efficient database system for
assessing the road accident statistics via an interactive web based user interface for various
categories of people and organizations. This could lead to road accident prevention in the near
future which can reduce accidents, prevent congestions and maintain smooth traffic conditions.
This project proposes a method for the above stated problem. This system takes the number of
accidents and various causes for it as input and returns the statistics of the past five years. The
first portal is for public user where he/she can view the statistical data of road accidents and
various causes such as drunk and drive ,sleeping sickness etc since 2013.Secondly,the web page
provides a portal for manufacturers where the company can view the major causes such as break
failure ,air bag failure etc for its respective automobile .The third portal is for the hospital
management where it can view the data such as number of deaths, reaction time since their
admission for their respective assessments.

3|Page
 PREVIEW

INTRODUCTION

The number of fatalities due to road accidents in India has been consistently above one lakh
every year. Although the fatality index and rates are declining the actual figure is still at an
alarming stage. In order to help in reducing the number of road accidents and fatalities, the
availability of reliable and comprehensive road accident database and analysis system is critical
to understand the pattern of accident causation. We believe that better structured data will create
conditions for deeper analysis aiding in the formulation of evidence based research on road
safety in enabling better road safety intervention and performance monitoring. In this project we
are providing statistical analysis for different users to examine the cause for the problem by
creating a web based interface where the raw data will be manipulated by a database
management system in the back end.

Project Description

Our project comprises of four levels of data abstraction for different users

1. Data Administrator:- He/she can view the entire data.

2. Hospital Department:- Represents various types of injuries ,mortality rates etc.
3. Automobile Department:-Types of vehicles responsible for accidents, causes for the
accidents such as brake failures, lack of stability in the vehicle, seat positioning showcased to
the respective car manufacturers.
4. Public user:-Statistical analysis of the road accidents across the country, factors such as
drunk and drive ,sleeping sickness are taken into consideration.

Software Utilized :- PHP myadmin, XAMPP, HTML, SQL

4|Page
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

Figure 1

5|Page
EXTENDED ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

Figure 2

6|Page
 Normalized tables-Road Accident Statistics

USER:

User{user_id , name , date_of_birth , password}

Primary key :{user_id}

Closures

user_id -> user_id , name , phone_no, age, date_of_birth , password

user_id -> user_id , name , date_of_birth

date_of_birth ->date_of_birth , age

user_id->user_id , phone_no

Functional dependency(Transitivity)

user_id->date_of_birth

date_of_birth->age

User Registration:(before normalisation)

user_id name phone_no age date_of_birth password

1 Navadeep 7538882669 21 09/11/1998 ready

User Registration (after normalisation)

user_id name date_of_birth

1 Navadeep 09/11/1998

date_of_birth age

09/11/1998 21

user_id phone_no.

1 7538882669

Manufacturer:
7|Page
manufacturer->{man_id, man_name, email_id, contact}

Primary key :{man_id}

Closures

man_id->man_id, man_name, email_id, contact

man_id->man_id, man_name

email_id->man_id

contact->man_id

Functional dependency : No functional dependencies

Registration:(before normalisation)

man_id man_name email_id contact

111 Mercedes Benz dealer@benz.co.in 8464083345

Registration:(after normalisation)

Manufacturer(after registration)

man_id man_name

111 Mercedes Benz

man_id email_id

111 dealer@benz.co.in

man_id Contact

111 8464083345

Hospital management:

8|Page
Hospital-{hospital_id, hospital_name, contact, email, address, latlong}

Composite Primary key: {hospital_id, hospital_name}

Closures

{hospital_id, hospital_name} hospital_id, hospital_name, contact, email, address, latlong

{hospital_id, hospital_name} hospital_id, hospital_name, contact, email, address

address->address, latlong

Functional dependency:(Transitive dependency)

{hospital_id, hospital_name} address

address->latlong

Before normalisation:

hospital_id hospital_name contact email address latlong

101 Seven Hills liver hello@seven.co Bhubaneshwar,O 20.29 N, 85.82

m disha E

Hospital management(after normalisation):

address Latlong

Bhubaneshwar,Odisha 20.29N, 85.82 E

hospital_id hospital_name contact email address

101 Seven Hills 8500456028 hello@seven.com Bhubaneshwar,Odisha

Year Accidents:

Year_accidents{year, sleeping sickeness, lack of road discipline, no. of deaths, no. of accidents, glare
effect, drunk and drive, no. of injuries}

Primary key: {Year}

Closures

9|Page
Year_accidents->year, sleeping sickness, lack of road discipline, no. of deaths, no. of accidents, glare
effect, drunk and drive, no. of injuries

Relational schema:
year sleeping lack of road no. of no. of glare effect drunk and no. of
sickness discipline deaths accidents drive injuries

2013 4561 1236 79844 98756 1256 4596 1321

State Table:

State_table{state_id, state_name, year, sleeping sickness, lack of road discipline, no. of deaths, no. of
accidents, glare effect, drunk and drive, no. of injuries}

Composite Primary key :{state_id, state_name}

Closures

h_id h_id, username, password, location, name

username h_id, username, password, location, name

Relational Schema:

year sleeping lack of no. of no. of glare drunk no. of year sleeping state_id state_n
sickness road deaths accidents effect and injuries sickness ame
disciplin drive
e

2013 4561 1236 79844 98756 1256 4596 1321 2013 4561 1 AP

Manufacturer Statistics:

Manufacturer_statistics{man_id, man_name, year, braking system, no. of accidents, airbag failure, weak
structure}

Composite Primary key : {man_id, man_name, year}

Closures

10 | P a g e
Manufacturer_statistics->man_id, man_name, year, braking system, no. of accidents, airbag failure, weak
structure

Manufacturer_statistics->man_id, man_name, year

Year->Year, braking system, no. of accidents, airbag failure, weak structure

Functional dependencies:(Partial dependency)

{Man_id,man_name,year}->Man_id, man_name, year

year-> braking system, no. of accidents, airbag failure, weak structure

Before normalisation:

man_id man_name year Braking no. of Airbag weak

system accidents failure structure
111 Mercedes 2013 4564 12654 1236 7813
Benz

After normalisation:

year Braking no. of Airbag weak

system accidents failure structure
2013 4564 12654 1236 7813

man_id man_name year

111 Mercedes Benz 2013

Hospital_statistics:

Hospital_statistics{hospital_id , hospital_name, head injuries, reaction time, deaths, accidents}

Composite Primary key: Hospital_id,hospital_name

Closures

Hospital_statistics->{hospital_id , hospital_name, head injuries, reaction time, deaths, accidents}

11 | P a g e
Functional dependencies(transitive dependency)

{hospital_id , hospital_name}->year

year-> head injuries, reaction time, deaths, accidents

Before normalisation:

hospital_id hospital_name Head Reaction no. of Accidents Year

injuries time deaths

101 Seven Hills 4654 28.75 12654 16489 2013

After normalisation:

hospital_id hospital_name year

101 Seven Hills 2013

Year Head Reaction No. Of Accidents

injuries time deaths
2013 4654 28075 12654 16489

 Table creation done via PHP

 SPECIAL DATATYPES:- long text,big int

12 | P a g e
 USER INTERFACE

Figure 3 MAIN PAGE

Figure 4 LOGIN PAGE FOR MANUFACTURERS

13 | P a g e
CONNECTION CODE (PHP)

Figure 5 CONNECTIVITY

14 | P a g e
 USER INTERFACE CODE

Figure 6 LOGIN PAGE

Figure 7 HTML CODE FOR REGISTRATION PAGE

15 | P a g e
 HTML Code for Main Page
<!DOCTYPE html>

<!--

To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.

To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates

and open the template in the editor.

-->

<html>

<head>

<title>Accidents Statistics</title>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

<style>

.container{

position:relative;

text-align: center;

color: orange;

padding: 16px;

width:300px;

body {

margin: 0;

font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;

.topnav {

16 | P a g e
 overflow: hidden;

background-color: #333;

.topnav a {

float: left;

color: #f2f2f2;

text-align: center;

padding: 14px 150px;

text-decoration: none;

font-size: 17px;

.topnav a:hover {

background-color: #ddd;

color: black;

.topnav a.active {

background-color: #4CAF50;

color: white;

</style>

</head>

<body background="build.jpg">

17 | P a g e
 <div class="container">

<div align="center"></div>

<div class="centered"> <h1><b>S A R A</b></h1></div>

</div>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="w3style.css">

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.w3schools.com/lib/w3-theme-black.css">

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-

awesome.min.css">

<!-- navigation bar -->

<div class="topnav">

<a href="#HOME" class="w3-button w3-bar-item">HOME</a>

<a href="#SERVICES" class="w3-button w3-bar-item">SERVICES</a>

<a href="#ABOUT" class="w3-button w3-bar-item">ABOUT</a>

<a href="#CONTACT" class="w3-button w3-bar-item">CONTACT</a>

</div>

<!-- Slideshow container -->

<nav class="w3-bar w3-center w3-black w3-padding-64 navbar-inversion" style="center" >

<div class="w3-content w3-section" style="max-width:900px">

<img class="mySlides w3-animate-fading" src="first.jpg" style="width:100%">

18 | P a g e
 <img class="mySlides w3-animate-fading" src="second.jpg" style="width:100%">

<img class="mySlides w3-animate-fading" src="thirdne.jpg" style="width:100%">

<img class="mySlides w3-animate-fading" src="slider2.jpg" style="width:100%">

</div>

</nav>

<script>

var myIndex = 0;

carousel();

function carousel() {

var i;

var x = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");

for (i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {

x[i].style.display = "none";

myIndex++;

if (myIndex > x.length) {myIndex = 1}

x[myIndex-1].style.display = "block";

setTimeout(carousel, 9000);

</script>

<!-- services description -->

<nav class="w3-bar ">

19 | P a g e
 <section class="w3-container w3-content" style="max-width:1800px">

<div class="w3-row-padding w3-center w3-padding-32" id="SERVICES">

<div id='SERVICES'></div>

<font color="white">

<h2 class="w3-wide W3-center">SERVICES</h2></font>

<!-- <div class="w3-padding-32 w3-center w3-black">

<a href="http://localhost:8080/WebApplication2/index.html">public user</a>

</div>

<div align="left"> <div class="w3-padding-32 w3-circle w3-black align-left">

<a href="#">HOSPITAL</a>

</div></div>

-->

<div align="left">

<div class="w3-third w3-center w3-margin-bottom">

<ul class="w3-ul w3-border w3-hover-shadow">

<li class="w3-theme">

<p class="w3-xlarge">PUBLIC USER</p>

</li>

<li class="w3-theme-l5 w3-padding-24">

<a href="login.html">LOGIN</a>

</li>

</ul>

</div>

</div>

20 | P a g e
 <div align="right">

<div class="w3-third w3-center w3-margin-bottom">

<ul class="w3-ul w3-border w3-hover-shadow">

<li class="w3-theme">

<p class="w3-xlarge">MANUFACTURER </p>

</li>

<li class="w3-theme-l5 w3-padding-24">

<a href="manu.html">LOGIN</a>

</li>

</ul>

</div>

</div>

<div class="w3-third w3-center w3-margin-bottom">

<ul class="w3-ul w3-border w3-hover-shadow">

<li class="w3-theme">

<p class="w3-xlarge">HOSPITAL </p>

</li>

<li class="w3-theme-l5 w3-padding-24">

<a href="hosp.html">LOGIN</a>

</li>

</ul>

</div> </div>

<!-- about -->

<nav class="w3-bar">

<section class="w3-container w3-center w3-white w3-content" style="max-width:600px">

21 | P a g e
 <div id='ABOUT'></div>

<h2 class="w3-wide W3-center">ABOUT</h2>

<p class="w3-justify">The number of fatalities due to road accidents in India has been consistently
above one lakh every year. Although the fatality index and rates are declining the actual figure is still at an
alarming stage. In order to help in reducing the number of road accidents and fatalities, the availability of
reliable and comprehensive road accident database and analysis system is critical to understand the pattern
of accident causation.</p>

</section></nav>

<!-- contact -->

<footer class="w3-container w3-padding-64 w3-center w3-black w3-xxlarge">

<a href="https://www.facebook.com/roadsafetyagra"><i class="fa fa-facebook-official"></i></a>

<a
href="https://in.pinterest.com/search/pins/?q=road%20accidents&rs=rs&eq=&etslf=4293&term_meta[]=roa
d%7Crecentsearch%7C0&term_meta[]=accidents%7Crecentsearch%7C0"><i class="fa fa-pinterest-
p"></i></a>

<a href="https://twitter.com/RoadSafetyUk"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a>

<a href="#"><i class="fa fa-flickr"></i></a>

<p class="w3-medium">

</p>

</footer>

</body>

</html>

22 | P a g e
 CONCLUSION

The project is accomplished with all features as promised in the abstract and preview. The
statistics of 29 states since past five years are now available to public users .The manufacturers
can be able to view and assess their technical failures and the hospital management can review
its accident cases since past five years. All the above data is showcased graphically to resolve
ambiguity.

References:-
NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD

https://knoema.com/INDRAS2015/indian-road-accident-statistics-number-of-road-accidents-persons-
killed-and-injured?region=1000020-andhra-pradesh

https://www.google.co.in/search?q=w3schools&oq=w3&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l5.3052j0j4&sourceid=c
hrome&ie=UTF-8

https://sites.ndtv.com/roadsafety/important-feature-to-you-in-your-car-5/

https://data.gov.in/resources/statistics-road-accidents-india-2013-2016

http://asirt.org/Initiatives/Informing-Road-Users/Road-Safety-Facts/Road-Crash-Statistics

https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=php+code+opening+when+html+page+is+redirected

23 | P a g e
24 | P a g e
25 | P a g e
26 | P a g e