Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Saline Water Conversion Corporation General Directorate Of Training Programs Training Center — JUBAIL MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT MAINTENANCE ENGINEERS SPECIFIC COURSE MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE GOURSE WALVES & WALWE MAINTENANCE Course Code: VALVE & VALVE MAINTENANCE Version 1.0 Prepared by: Date:Valve & valve maintenance VALVES LESSON 1 VALVES LECTURE & () Objectives At the end of this lesson, the trainee will be able to demonstrate an understanding of Valves. 1 INTRODUCTION Valves are extensively used in piping systems and on equipment to which piping is connected. Some valves are used continuously, others intermittently, and some, like safety values, are utilized only in rare instances. 1.1 FUNCTION OF VALVES Function of Valves is to start, stop or regulate a flow of liquid or gas through a plant system. This is accomplished by maintaining the valve in a partially open position or an open or closed liquid or gases flow from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure because there control of flow is of high importance. Mechanical devices that are used in industrial piping for flow control are called valves. The term Valves includes all equipment that acts on the movement of fluid by one of the following two functions: 1. Opening or closing a circuit. 2. Controlling of flow. The fluid may be liquid, gas or a loose solid such as powder, sand of slurry. When a valve allows some flow, but not maximum flow it is said to be in the THROTTLING position to “Throttle” with a valve is to regulate the (Rate or direction) flow. Lesson 1 Page |Valve & valve maintenance VALVES 1.2. VALVE CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES Valves can be classified by function, by disc arrangement, by operating condition such as temperature and pressure, or by the way they are incorporated into plant systems. The most common way to classify a valve is by the arrangement or shape of the disc, which is part of the valve that controls the flow of fluid through the valve. Gate, plug, ball, or butterfly valves are most widely used for the interruption or start of flow. Diaphragm valves may be preferred in corrosive applications or in service where contamination of the fluid is not permissible, such as in the drug and beverage industry. REGULATION OF FLOW. Many applications require that the flow of the fluid or gas be regulated (or throttled) in various steps between closed and open limits. This is generally done by introducing resistance to flow either by a change in direction, or by causing a restriction, or by combinations of these. Commonly used valves designs are of the globe, angle, needle, and butterfly types. Fig. 1-1. Families of Valves. A common method of classification is the method by which they actually control flow Fig. 1-1 illustrates these methods together with some examples of valves in each family. Lesson 1 Page2