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2‐ Design a lighting Pole system using solar energy, for a column height of 10 m, and Led lamp of power
70 watt, the battery storage is for three days, and lamp operates half of the night at 100 % power, and
the other half consumes 65% power only, provide your system and components sizing calculation.
3‐ Water In Glass collector with storage tank 300 liters, and 30 tubes, each 180 cm length and 46 mm
internal diameter, and 59 mm external diameter, assuming initial tank temp to be 30 oC, consider the
sky temp 25 oC and wind speed 2 m/s, Initial outside tube temperature 26 oC, calculate to achieve the
value of the water temperature at the end of the day, use the below table data in your calculation.
Daily Hours
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
2
Solar Insolation W/m 703.4 744.5 767.0 778.3 781.7 778.3 767.0 744.5 703.4 344.7
o
Ambient Temp C 32.5 32.5 34.5 34.5 34.5 33.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 31.5
4‐ Explain the different types of Solar PV panel’s material, and describe the system components and their
functions, use schematic representation to assist your description.
5‐ A cylindrical parabolic concentrator with width 3.2 m and length 14 m, and absorbed radiation is 640
W/m2, the absorber has a diameter 55 mm, and the glass cover has a diameter 93 mm, the system is
designed to heat a fluid entering at temp 180 oC, and with fluid specific heat of 3.9 kj/kg K, the heat
transfer coefficient inside the tube is 285 w/m2 C, and UL coefficient is equal to 9 W/m2 C, the tube is
selective coated covered steel (Ksteel = 200 W/m C, and the pipe is wall thickness of 4.5 mm, if the
ambient temperature is 22 oC, calculate the useful gain and the exit fluid temperature.
6‐ Solar Chimney located in the middle of a solar collector field with area of 1.7 km2, the height of the
chimney is 190 m, the temp heat gain under the canopy T = 10 oC, and the heat gain across the
turbine T’ is 1.5 oC, the ambient temperature is 297 K, the incident solar radiation is 710 W/m2, Use
the following table to estimate the Density of air, and the Cp of air, accordingly calculate the Chimney
Diameter, the venturi outlet speed, and the extracted power according to the following Law, if the
turbine efficiency is 45%, and the other data can be obtained from your above solution:
Power Turbine = ½ Turbine X air X Internal area of Chimney X (Outlet Velocity from Venturi)
3
Cairo Solar Data
Daily Hours
Month 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 418.4 457.2 476.0 481.6 476.0 457.2 418.4 75.0 75.0 75.0
2 541.1 579.1 597.7 603.4 597.7 579.1 541.1 75.0 75.0 75.0
3 545.4 574.5 589.0 593.5 589.0 574.5 545.4 490.7 490.0 75.0
4 679.0 706.5 720.3 724.6 720.3 706.5 679.0 628.6 628.6 75.0
5 666.9 709.5 732.9 744.7 748.3 744.7 732.9 709.5 666.9 339.3
6 703.4 744.5 767.0 778.3 781.7 778.3 767.0 744.5 703.4 344.7
7 671.9 713.7 736.5 747.9 751.3 747.9 736.5 713.7 671.9 339.3
8 684.4 737.5 766.0 780.3 784.6 780.3 766.0 737.5 684.4 75.0
9 585.8 649.7 683.5 700.4 705.5 700.4 683.5 649.7 585.8 75.0
10 606.3 649.2 670.3 676.7 670.3 649.2 606.3 75.0 75.0 75.0
11 452.4 494.5 515.0 521.2 515.0 494.5 452.4 75.0 75.0 75.0
12 75.0 577.9 604.3 612.2 604.3 577.9 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0
Cairo Daily Temperature oC
Hours of Day
Month 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 18.1 18.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 19.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 17.1
2 16.6 16.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 17.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 15.6
3 18.8 18.8 20.8 20.8 20.8 19.8 18.8 18.8 18.8 17.8
4 23.6 23.6 25.6 25.6 25.6 24.6 23.6 23.6 23.6 22.6
5 30.6 30.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 31.6 30.6 30.6 30.6 29.6
6 32.5 32.5 34.5 34.5 34.5 33.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 31.5
7 33 33 35 35 35 34 33 33 33 32
8 31 31 33 33 33 32 31 31 31 30
9 30 30 32 32 32 31 30 30 30 29
10 27.3 27.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 28.3 27.3 27.3 27.3 26.3
11 23.1 23.1 25.1 25.1 25.1 24.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 22.1
12 18.2 18.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 19.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 17.2
Specific
Thermal Kinematic Expansion
Temperature Density heat Prandtl's
conductivity viscosity coefficient
-t- -- capacity number
-l- -ν- -b-
(oC) (kg/m3) - cp - - Pr -
(W/m.K) x 10-6 (m2/s) x 10-3 (1/K)
(kJ/kg.K)