Modality / Test-1

5. As a single woman, Lucy ____ quite a lot of

01.-65. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yere
money on clothes, jewellery and cosmetics,
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
but now married with two children, she can’t
spare so much money on them.

1. The company had sent the advertisement to A) might spend

the newspaper when they realised they’d B) had spent
mistyped the salary they were offering for the C) would rather spend
position. Luckily, they ____ the newspaper D) would spend
to correct their mistake before they printed it. E) should have spent

A) could have asked

B) were able to ask

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C) must have asked
D) were supposed to ask
E) might have asked

6. A: Are you going to enroll on the second

course when we finish this one?
2. A: I wish I hadn’t criticised Mark’s B: I don’t know. It’s tiring coming every day
drawings yesterday because he hasn’t after work. I ____ a month before I start
spoken to me today. Do you think he’ll the second course.
come to my party on Friday?
B: Possibly, he ____ you by then. A) may wait
B) am supposed to wait
A) has forgiven C) have waited
B) was able to forgive D) have to wait
C) might have forgiven E) could have waited
D) must have forgiven
E) used to forgive

3. Since the day his manager transferred him to

the foundry section of the steel works, he 7. James will book the hotel rooms for the
____ safety goggles. German representatives and you ____ them at
the airport at eight o’clock. Is that clear?
A) will be wearing
B) has had to wear A) have met
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C) ought to wear B) can meet

D) must have worn C) are to meet
E) is wearing D) had met
E) would meet

4. A: This student has circled the mistakes in

the text, but he hasn’t corrected them, so
he’ll only get half marks.

B: He ____ the instructions properly. 8. ____ lending me 25,000 liras so that I don't
have to give the Dolmuş a 5 million lira note?
A) would rather not read
B) had better not read A) Would you like
C) needn’t have read B) Would you rather
D) shouldn’t have read C) Would you mind
E) must not have read D) Had you better
E) Do you like

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9. A: Jack doesn’t work for a computer 14. A: What’s happened to Mr. Meyer?
company, so why has he gone to the B: He’s ill in hospital. They ____keep him in
computer exhibition? overnight, and if they do, he ____ travel
B: I don’t know. He ____ interested in buying back to Germany tomorrow morning.
a computer to use at home or perhaps
he’s thinking of starting his own A) may / won’t be able to
company. B) would / ought not to
C) shall / doesn’t have to
A) must be D) can / couldn’t
B) has to be E) ought to / didn’t use to
C) will be
D) ought to be
E) could be
15. A: ____we paint the kitchen this weekend?
B: We could, but I ____ wait until the
weather gets better because we’ll have to

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10. You ____ anything to me if you want to spend open the window.
virtually your entire wages on lottery tickets,
then that’s up to you. A) Ought / prefer
B) May / must
A) couldn’t have explained C) Can / would like
B) don’t have to explain D) Shall / would sooner
C) weren’t able to explain E) Would / had better
D) shouldn’t have explained
E) weren’t supposed to explain

16. A: I couldn’t persuade John to come to the

match with us. He said he couldn’t afford
11. You ____ anything after your operation. The it.
nurses will tell you when it is all right. B: You ____ to lend him the money.
A: I did, but he said he ____ borrow any
A) needn’t eat money at that moment.
B) don’t have to eat
C) couldn’t eat A) have offered / ought not to
D) mustn’t eat B) could have offered / would rather not
E) might not eat C) may have offered / didn’t use to
D) must have offered / wouldn’t like
E) can offer / had better not

12. Oh dear, my fruit cake is a little too sweet. I

____ the amount of sugar I add to the mixture 17. ____I ask you a favour? ____ you work on
next time. Thursday night this week instead of Friday
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night?
A) have been reducing
B) should have reduced A) Can / Did
C) will have to reduce B) Would / Will
D) have had to reduce C) May / Could ,
E) must be reducing D) Might / Shall
E) Must / Would

13. Isn’t it great that Tim and Sue have given up 18. Amy Johnson, the first woman pilot who ____
smoking? They both ____ too much. from England to Australia, ____ several times
during her flight to fill her plane with petrol.
A) used to smoke
B) ought to be smoking A) had flown / has stopped
C) must be smoking B) could fly / was stopping
D) would rather smoke C) used to fly / might stop
E) have been smoking D) was flying / would rather stop
E) flew / had to stop

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 Compiled ELS Questions

19. ____ you take this screwdriver back to Mr. 24. Our father ____ a small present for me and
Smith next door and thank him for lending it my sister every month when he ____ his
to us? salary.

A) Will A) was buying / had received

B) Must B) has had to buy / was receiving
C) Ought C) must have bought / could receive
D) Shall D) would buy / received
E) May E) bought / could have received

20. They ____ their house yet. They only put it up 25. I ____ listening to pop music at all, but
for sale yesterday. recently I have realised that I quite like certain
pop-songs.
A) haven’t been selling
B) might not be selling A) didn’t use to enjoy

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C) needn’t have sold B) ought not to enjoy
D) ought not to sell C) must not have enjoyed
E) can’t have sold D) can’t have been enjoying
E) wasn’t enjoying

21. We ____ get a visa before we ____ go to 26. When their baby was born, Lucy ____ up
Bulgaria. work until they found someone to look after
the baby.
A) could / would
B) are to / must A) must give
C) have to / can B) ought to give
D)may / have to C) had to give
E) will / shall D) used to give
E) has given

22. I only had a brief chat with Marry at the bus 27. They had their baby daughter in June and,
stop, so I ____ to ask her how she ____ on in since then, they ____ in restaurants very
her new job. often.

A) might forget / could get A) didn’t use to eat

B) forgot / was getting B) couldn’t eat
C) have forgotten / used to get C) aren’t supposed to eat
D) would forget / gets D) haven’t been able to eat
E) must have forgotten / should get E) weren’t able to eat
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28. Do you think he ____ to watch the match with

23. A: Well, I’ve got lots of great ideas, but I us? I know he enjoys football.
haven’t written anything down yet.
B: But you ____us a written outline of your A) would sooner
section of the project today! B) had better
A: Don’t panic. I’ll do it tomorrow. C) would mind
D) preferred
A) would rather have given E) would like
B) were able to give
C) must have given
D) were supposed to give
E) had to give

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29. Would you mind if I ____ the secretary for half 33. A: Hopefully, Peter booked the tickets for us
an hour, Mr. Pitt? She has two thousand yesterday.
leaflets to send out. B: He ____them yesterday. The booking
office is closed on Saturdays.
A) helping A: Oh well, I’m sure he’ll order them
B) helped tomorrow then.
C) help
D) have helped A) had better not looked
E) to help B) hasn’t booked
C) couldn’t have booked
D) needn’t have booked
E) wasn’t supposed to book
30. A: I missed this week’s episode of “The
Simpsons”. What happened?
B: I don’t know. I don’t watch it any more.
A: Why not? I thought you were a fun of the 34. A: I didn’t think Paul and Sam were coming

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show like me. to the picnic.
B: Yes, I ____ it three times a week, but now B: They ____ their minds.
I go to German lessons every night. A: Well, it’s nice to see them again.

A) used to watch A) would rather change

B) had watched B) used to change
C) must have watched C) must have changed
D) have watched D) should have changed
E) was able to watch E) had better change

31. I believe you ____this computer programme 35. I’m glad that I ____ hard to persuade my
in your previous job, so you ____ it difficult at parents because they were already keen on
times. Please don’t hesitate to ask me for the idea.
help.
A) ought not to try
A) didn’t use / might find B) didn’t need to try
B) haven’t used / must find C) needn’t have tried
C) couldn’t use / have found D) mustn’t try
D) may not use / will find E) wasn’t able to try
E) hadn’t used / can find

36. When it was completed, the Eiffel Tower ____

32. Apparently, the man across the road ____ his the tallest building in the world, but now there
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car after all because he took down the for- are many others which are taller than the
sale sign a week ago and he is still driving to Eiffel Tower.
work.
A) would be
A) used to keep B) must be
B) had better keep C) used to be
C) was keeping D) was
D) was able to keep E) has been
E) is keeping

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 Compiled ELS Questions

37. Cats are very alert to any movement. For this 42. You ____ all your holiday money on the first
reason, they will pounce when a victim ____ day. You will need some for the rest of the
but ____prey that remains still. week.

A) can move / couldn’t attack A) didn’t use to spend

B) is moving / shouldn’t attack B) mustn’t spend
C) has moved / aren’t attacking C) don’t spend
D) moved / don’t attack D) might not spend
E) moves / may not attack E) haven’t spent

38. When I lived in England, I ____Indian food 43. Using lasers to produce extremely short and
several times a month, but here in Istanbul repeatable pulses of light, today scientists
it’s virtually impossible to find. ____ events happening in time intervals as
short as 1,000 trillionth of a second.

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A) shall eat
B) would eat A) must have measured
C) ought to eat B) were measuring
D) have eaten C) used to measure
E) had eaten D) may have measured
E) are able to measure

39. A: Mrs. Parkinson ____ three accidents in

the last month. 44. Living cells exist in a variety of shapes; for
B: She ____ a very careful driver, then. example, they ____ cube-shaped or flat.
A: Couldn’t it have been just bad luck?
A) may be
A) was having / can’t be B) must be
B) has / shouldn’t be C) were
C) has had / must not be D) have been
D) is having / wasn’t E) ought to be
E) used to have / isn’t

45. We ____ the football match on television

40. The weather is awful again today. Let’s look yesterday, but we ____ because there was a
in the newspaper. There ____ a good film power cut.
showing at the cinema.
A) should be watching / may not
A) can be B) were supposed to watch / haven’t
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B) had to be C) were going to watch / couldn’t

C) would rather be D) had better watch / needn’t
D) might be E) were watching / aren’t
E) should have been

46. Oh no, look at the sign! We ____ here. These

41. Cellulose is indigestible by humans, but spaces are for doctors and emergency
herbivores, such as cows and horses, ____ it patients only.
because they retain it long enough for
digestion by micro-organisms present in their A) needn’t have parked
digestive system. B) won’t be parking
C) haven’t got to park
A) can digest D) aren’t supposed to park
B) have to digest E) couldn’t have parked
C) used to digest
D) have digested
E) ought to digest

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47. You ____ your children some freedom; 52. In parts of Africa, women still ____ water a
otherwise, they will resent you. long way to their village.

A) used to allow A) used to carry

B) must allow B) might carry
C) have allowed C) could have carried
D) allow D) have to carry
E) are able to allow E) must have carried

48. It’s not easy learning Turkish at home. Do you 53. Why did you bother so much trying to change
think I ____an evening course? your money? You ____ it, you know, as they
accept US dollars in Mexico.
A) must have taken
B) have taken A) couldn’t have changed

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C) should take B) haven’t changed
D) had to take C) didn’t use to change
E) used to take D) needn’t have changed
E) can’t change

49. I refused to give my son any money for the

“Mega Death” sweat–shirt he wants to buy,
but I’m sure he’ll try to get some from his 54. I’d rather ____the match on television than
grandmother. I’d really rather she ____ him here in the pouring rain. I’m sure we’ll all
the money, because I don’t want him to wear catch a cold!
such an awful thing.
A) I watched
A) didn’t lend B) have watched
B) won’t lend C) to watch
C) not to lend D) to have watched
D) not lending E) be watching
E) had better not lend

55. You knew that we had to walk a long way

50. He ____ safety goggles, but he wasn’t and, as today, so you really ____ those high heeled
a result, the hot steel badly damaged his shoes. You only have yourself to blame for
eyes. your aching feet.
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A) could have been wearing A) don’t have to wear

B) must have been wearing B) must not have worn
C) had been wearing C) shouldn’t have worn
D) should be wearing D) might not wear
E) ought to have been wearing E) can’t have worn

51. I ____ my car last week if I had accepted 56. I think Victoria ____ to the party, although she
James’ offer. He offered me two thousand really wants to, because she is flying to Paris
dollars for it, but I wanted more. the next day and has to pack her things.

A) used to sell A) may not come

B) could have sold B) couldn’t come
C) had sold C) wouldn’t come
D) may have sold D) didn’t come
E) was able to sell E) must not come

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 Compiled ELS Questions

57. You ____ this report to the managing director 62. It’s a long journey and there may not be any
personally. Do you understand? restaurants on the way. You ____ something
before you leave.
A) would sooner hand
B) would like to hand A) might have eaten
C) may have handed B) would eat
D) are to hand C) had better eat
E) have handed D) are able to eat
E) must have eaten

58. You ____ for the cocktail party after the

conference if you are worried about arriving 63. I knew that Marcus didn’t have much money,
home late. but he has just bought a new car. He ____ the
money from someone.
A) needn’t have stayed

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B) don’t have to stay A) could borrow
C) haven’t stayed B) must have borrowed
D) weren’t able to stay C) would rather have borrowed
E) didn’t use to stay D) is able to borrow
E) is supposed to borrow

59. He ____ handball quite often, but his new job

requires him to travel a lot now, so he doesn’t 64. ____ I get some plates while you are cutting
have time any more. the cake?

A) must have played A) Do

B) has to play B) Let
C) should be playing C) Shall
D) could have played D) Did
E) used to play E) Would

60. Would you mind ____ your cigarette smoke in 65. We ____ anything tonight. We ____ the
my face? It’s getting on my nerves. leftovers from yesterday’s dinner party.

A) not to blow A) didn’t cook / used to eat

B) didn’t blow B) must not have cooked / will eat
C) not blowing C) won’t have cooked / should eat
D) haven’t blown D) might not cook / would eat
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E) not blow E) needn’t cook / can eat

61. You ____ your jacket on a clothes hanger and

not leave it on the chair. You’ll crease it!

A) must have hung

B) would hang
C) may hang
D) ought to hang
E) will have hung

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