FINGERPRINT BASED ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE
P.Tamilarasu1, S.Aadhithyan2, K.Gowthaman3, V.Hariprakash4.
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Kongu Engineering College.
2,3,4
Scholars of Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College.
ABSTRACT
This project is designed for integrating
Electronic Voting Machine with the data of
the voter as in the Aadhar. Using the Aadhar
Number and its unique bio-metric
identification system to prevent and alert the
authorities against fake voting and voting on
behalf of absent voters during election and
prevent rigging during election. Protecting the
voting rights of the citizen using fingerprint to
ensure the identity of the person who is voting
and also to ensure that no single person can
vote more than once and aborting and alerting
the authorities if otherwise. In this manner the
citizen’s trust in democracy is protected by
ensuring a fair method for collection and
counting of votes. Illegal voting by
impersonation and multiple voting by the
same person can be avoided. The model
consists of a Raspberry Pi Model B as the
server used to give commands and an Arduino
Uno 3 to fetch and store the data and display
the output in an LCD display. An RFID is
used to represent the Aadhar card of each
citizen and can be used only by the respective
citizen as the data stored in the Aadhar are
exclusive to each citizen.
I. INTRODUCTION
India is the largest democracy in the
world. But India faces a huge threat of rigging in
election, due to the population of over a billion in
which many of the voter fails to authority to vote.
This is used as an advantage by some political
parties to impersonate the absentee voters to rig
the elections to their advantage. This pose a
threat to integrity of our country and the citizen’s
trust in the electoral commission. To eliminate
such limitation and improve the reliability of the
voting processes, the government initiative
Aadhar[1] is utilized to identify the individuality
ISSN (PRINT): 2393-8374, (ONLINE): 2394-0697, VOLUME-5, ISSUE-2, 2018
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of each voter and at the same time ensuring their
anonymity and their choice of candidate.
This paper proposes a system which
would replace the standard Electronic Voting
Machine with an updated bio-metric
identification system using fingerprint scanner
which is interfaced with the voting machine[2]
and the government database containing the data
of each citizen and verifying the eligibility of
each voter. The RFID cards used in place of
Aadhar card is exclusive to each citizen. It
prevents fake voting even if the card is stolen the
biometric data of the citizen is exclusive to each
individual [3]. This system can also be
improvised to remove postal voting and the need
for the voter to travel to their constituency as all
such data is already present in the Aadhar
database. Thus the voter can vote wherever they
are during the election to their home
constituency. This also increases the voting
percentage as some voters may not be able to
travel back to their home constituency during
election.
II. EXISTING SYSTEM
Electronic Voting Machine was
introduced to replace Ballet boxes from 1998 in
India [4]. The voting machines used in India are
a combination of two components namely the
Balloting unit and Control unit. Balloting unit on
which the voters press the button. Control unit
gives the polling officer stationed at the poll
booth to supervise the process. An EVM runs on
6v batteries and removes the requirement of an
external power source. It is designed to record 64
candidate names and 3,840 votes at the max. The
64 candidate names can be split across 4 units
connected in parallel, with 16 names on each of
the unit [5].
 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT ENGINEERING AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (IJCESR)
III. DRAWBACKS OF EXISTING SYSTEM
 Corrupted officers may tamper with the
voting count.
 Impersonation of the absentee voters to
bias the results towards a particular
candidate.
 Eligibility and the identity of voter is not
recognized.
 Questionably out dated and basic
technology makes it easy for malpractice
and controversies in results [6].
IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM
To integrate the voting authority of the
citizen(voter’s ID) with Aadhar to ensure the
identity of the person who is voting[7] and also
to ensure that no single person can vote more
than once using the bio-metric identification used
in Aadhar and aborting and alerting the
authorities if otherwise.
V. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig.1 Block Diagram
VI. COMPONENTS USED
A working model was developed based on
the concept of bio-metric identification of
citizen’s identity. The prototype consists of the
following components
Fingerprint sensor GT511C3 – for bio-metric
identification.
Arduino Uno R3 – 1 for voting block and 1
verification block respectively.
Raspberry Pi 3Model B – to procure and store the
data.
Matrix keypad 4x4 – for voting by the user and
resetting and reading the vote count by the
administrator.
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Liquid Crystal Display – 1 for verification block
and 3 in the voting block for viewing candidate
details respectively.
A 5V DC Supply.
Buzzer – for vote confirmation.
LED – for vote confirmation.
RFID cards – used in place of Aadhar card [8]
in the prototype.
VII. CONSTRUCTION
The setup consists of two blocks, verification
and voting respectively.
Verification Block:
The Fig.2 shows the connection diagram of
Aadhar Based EVM using RFID. A single phase
230V AC supply is given to the 12V step-down
transformer. A 12V AC is given to the rectifier
bridge and AC is converted into DC.Then 12V
DC is given to 5V regulator (LM 7805) and
constant 5V is obtained. The 5V supply is given
to the components. Raspberry Pi is given a
separate supply from a dedicated adapter as it is
a sensitive device. The input components
consisting of the matrix keypad and the
fingerprint sensor are connected to the Arduino
ports. The Raspberry Pi is connected to the
Arduino using a HDMI cable. The whole setup is
placed on a mica sheet.
Fig.2 Hardware Working - Verification Block
Voting Block:
The Fig.3 shows the input and output part of the
proposed EVM which consists of LCD displays
and push buttons for the corresponding candidate
and LEDs for the confirmation of voter's
 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT ENGINEERING AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (IJCESR)
selection of candidate. A buzzer is fixed to
confirm and indicate the voting.
Fig.3 Hardware Working - Voting Block
VIII. SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
The model consists of a Raspberry Pi
which acts as the database for the details of the
voter and to store the vote counts. An Arduino
Uno 3 is used to send and receive the data. Once
the user places his RFID card, the Arduino
checks with the database for the details of the
voter. If the voter's card matches with the data
stored in the database, the LCD display requests
the user for their fingerprint and compares the
fingerprint of the voter with the same stored in
the database. Only when the fingerprint
corresponding to its RFID card is placed in the
reader the machine opens the voting option.
Once the identity of the voter is
confirmed the machine requests the voter to vote.
The list of candidates is displayed in LCD
displays and push buttons and LEDs are placed
near each candidate. A buzzer is placed to
confirm the pressing of the push button. When
the voter presses the button corresponding to his
choice of candidate by pressing the push button
nearby, the LED glows along with a buzzer
sound, indicating to the voter that their vote has
been registered. The vote count of the selected
candidate is incremented in the Raspberry Pi. If
the voter who has already voted tries to vote
again, the machine displays the message
“ALREADY VOTED”.
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If a person who is not registered places
his finger, the machine displays the message
"PERSON NOT FOUND" even if they have a
RFID of a legitimate voter. Similarly if a person
with an RFID belonging to a different booth tries
to vote, the machine displays the message “NOT
FOUND”. Here the Raspberry Pi acts as the
master to two Arduinos and sends commands. A
second Arduino Uno is used to interface the
RFID reader with the system and to increase the
speed of the system. This is the working
mechanism of Aadhar based Electronic Voting
Machine.
IX. RESULT AND CONCLUSION
The hardware setup implements the EVM
successfully with the fingerprint sensor and
RFID kit and the operation result shows an
innovative and secure process of voting while
maintaining the voter's discrepancy. The
citizen’s trust in democracy is protected by
ensuring a fair method to collect and count the
votes [9].
CONCLUSION
This paper suggest that the EVM system has to
be further studied and innovated to reach all the
levels of community, so that the voter’s trust on
the election process will increase and election
officials will make more involvement in
purchasing the innovated EVM’s for conduct
efficient, secure, corruption free Elections [10].
Further innovations can be made so that the voter
can vote wherever they are during the election,
getting to choose the candidate competing in
their home constituency without the necessity of
travel [11]. The described model consisting of
fingerprint sensor can also be modified to be used
with Retina scanner which provides even more
secure and technologically advanced solution to
fake voting and impersonation [12]. This
concludes that the Aadhar based EVM will useful
to avoid rigging in election by impersonation, to
avoid time consumption and all the while keep
the voter’s information more secured. The
conventional paper ballot method also consumes
lot of man power and security issues to the
Electoral Commission which can by reduced by
this system.
REFERENCES
[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aadhaar.
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[2] Computerized voting system (US5878399A)
– Ryan G. Peralto - August 1996.
[3] Awad, Mohammed; Leiss, Ernst L Journal of
Information Systems Technology & Planning.
Mar2011, Vol. 4 Issue 7.
[4] K Lohry, LW Sarner, AR Ross - US Patent
5,758,325, 1998.
[5]S Thakur, Emerging Issues and Prospects in
African E Government – 2014.
[6] S Wolchok, E Wustrow, JA Halderman.
Security analysis of India's electronic voting
machines – 2010.
[7] Fingerprint Based e-Voting System using
Aadhar Database
Rohan Patel, Vaibhav Ghorpade, Vinay Jain and
Mansi Kambli -2015.
[8] Assess the awareness level of people on
Aadhar Card as public well being - Nimesh P.
Bhojak - Researcher, Hemchandracharya North
Gujarat University, India. ISSN: 2348 – 0343.
[9] Online voting system with biometric
authentication for Elections - Adesua Adeleye,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria. -2015.
[10] A Comparative Study on Fingerprint
Matching Algorithms for EVM D. Ashok
Kumar, T. Ummal Sariba Begum Department of
Computer Science, Government Arts College,
Trichy, India – 2013.
[11] Remote electronic voting systems: an
exploration of voters' perceptions and intention
to use - Yurong Yao, Lisa Murphy European
Journal of Information Systems April 2007,
Volume 16, Issue 2, pp 106–120.
[12] E-Voting and Biometric Systems - Sonja
Hof University of Linz, Austria. 2004 – Citeseer.

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