Soil Mechanics I and Exercises (2018/10/2) Answer of Quiz No.

1: Soil density <Odd number>

Before landslide
Volume of the original ground 𝑉1 = 2000 m3
Dry density ρ𝑑1 = 1.6 g/cm3
After landslide
Volume of the displaced ground 𝑉2 = 2500 m3
Common soil properties before and after landslide
Water content w = 0.2
Soil particle density ρ𝑠 = 2.6 g/cm3 or Gs = 2.6
Water density ρ𝑤 = 1.0 g/cm3 or ρ𝑤 = 1000 kg/m3
Gravitational acceleration g = 9.8 m/s2 or g = 9.8 N/kg
Note that the mass of solid (ms) in soil before and after landslide keepss unchanged.

(1) Void ratio of the original ground

ms
ρd = → ms = ρ d 1V1 = (1.6 g/cm3)(2000 m3) = 3.2×106 kg
V
ms
Vs = = (3.2×106 kg)/(2.6 g/cm3) = 1.23×103 m3
ρs
Vv + Vs =
V → Vv=
1 V1 − Vs =2.0×103 m3 - 1.23×103 m3 = 0.77 ×103 m3
Vv V
e= → e1 = v1 = (0.77 ×103 m3)/(1.23×103 m3) = 0.625 ◄
Vs Vs
ρs ρs
Alternatively, ρd = →=
e − 1 = (2.6 g/cm3)/(1.6 g/cm3) – 1 = 0.625 ◄
1+ e ρd
(2) Total weight of the displaced ground
mw 2
w= → mw 2 = wms = 0.2×3.2×106 kg = 0.64 ×106 kg
ms
→ m=
2 ms + mw 2 = 3.2×106 kg + 0.64 ×106 kg = 3.84 ×106 kg
W2 = m2 g = 3.84 ×106 kg ×9.8 N/kg = 37.63 ×106 N = 37.63 MN ◄
(3) Bulk density of the displaced ground
ms + mw m + mw 2
ρt = → ρt 2 = s = (3.2×106 kg + 0.64 ×106 kg ) / 2500 m3 = 1536 kg/m3 = 1.54 g/cm3 ◄
V V2
(4) Dry density of the displaced ground
ms m
ρd = → ρ d 2 = s = 3.2×106 kg / 2500 m3 = 1280 kg/m3 = 1.28 g/cm3◄
V V2
(5) Degree of saturation of the sloping ground just before the occurrence of the landslide
Vw mw1 wms
Sr = =
whereas V = = (0.2×3.2×106 kg) / (1000 kg/m3) = 0.64 ×103 m3
ρw ρw
w1
Vv
Vw1
→ S r1 = = (0.64 ×103 m3) / (0.77 ×103 m3) = 0.832 = 83 % ◄
Vv1
wGs
Alternatively, Sr = = 0.2 × 2.6 / 0.625 = 83 % ◄
e
Soil Mechanics I and Exercises (2018/10/2) Answer of Quiz No.1: Soil density <Even number>

b Volume decomposition
a a) 1 Cuboid = a·b·h
b) 4 Pyramids = 4·(A-a)/2·(B-b)/2·h/3
c) 4 Prisms = 1/2·b·h·(A-a)+1/2·a·h·(B-b)
h
Total = (A·B+a·b+(A·b+a·B)/2)·h/3
h = 2.5 m, A = 8 m, B = 12 m, a = 2 m, b = 6 m
A V = (8·12+2·6+(8·6+2·12)/2)·2.5/3 m3 = 120 m3
B

Common parameters: ρs = 2.5 g/cm3 or Gs = 2.5, g = 9.8 m/s2

Excavation site: ρt = 1.8 g/cm3, w = 0.20
(1) ρ=
t (1 + w ) ρ d → ρd = 1.8 g/cm3 / (1+0.2) = 1.5 g/cm3

(2) ρ s= (1 + e ) ρ d → e = 2.5/1.8 - 1 = 0.667

wGs
(3) S r = → Sr = 0.20×2.5/0.667 = 75%
e
Embankment: ρd = 1.6 g/cm3, w = 0.20 (mass conservation of soil and water)
(4) ρ=
t (1 + w ) ρ d → ρt = (1+0.20)×1.6 g/cm3 = 1.92 g/cm3
W
g t ρ=
= tg → W = 120 m3×1.92 g/cm3×9.8 m/s2 = 2.26×106 N = 2.26 MN
V
Excavation site: ρt = 1.8 g/cm3
W
g t ρ=
(5) = tg → V = 2.26 MN/(1.8 g/cm3×9.8 m/s2) = 120 m3×1.92/1.8 = 128 m3
V