PROJECT REPORT

ON
GENDER
SENSITIZATION
BY
C.ADITYA RAJ ROLL NO:15071A1027
PRAJITH ROLL NO:15071A1041
S.RANJITHA ROLL NO:15071A1048

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

INSTRUMENTAION ENGINEERING
B-TECH -2ND YEAR
VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 What is Gender Sensitization?
Gender sensitization refers to the modification of behaviour by raising
awareness of gender equality concerns. ... Gender sensitization may be seen as
"the awareness informed disposition or propensity to behave in a manner which
is sensitive to gender justice and equality issues." It is interlinked
with gender empowerment.
Importance of gender sensitization:
Gender Sensitization is one basic requirement for the normal development of an
individual. Without being sensitive to the needs of a particular gender, an
individual may refrain from understanding the opposite gender and in some
acute cases even him or herself. The need for this sensitivity has been felt and
realised through times immemorial and in almost all kinds of human existence,
across the globe.

But somehow in the recent times, a much stronger need is felt and realized to
talk and discuss about this sensitive topic both on a Personal and Professional
front.
Particularly in a country like India, with the vast diversity existing in terms of
its customs, traditions, rituals, social values, family beliefs and individual
perception, the need for a More Systematic, Well Planned and More
Professional Approach is desired to inculcate this sensitivity and primarily
highlight the contribution of both the genders in creation and development of a
well balanced society.
To overcome the various disparities existing in lieu of gender equality the
following aspects have to be developed:
1. Individuals need to be more open-minded, rational and unbiased in their
thoughts and actions.
2. There is an urgent need to shatter the load of our Orthodox Beliefs and
Biased Values to accentuate the Progressive Existence of both the
genders.
3. Better reconciliation of work and private life for both women and men is
essential to gender equality.

1. There is a need to provide steps to safeguard women's safety and for men
to be assured that such measures are not an indication of discrimination
against the male population.
2. Training and awareness-raising in educational set- up, at workplace and in
society can eliminate gender-based prejudice and thereby change
stereotyped working cultures as regards to the roles and abilities of women
and men, including attitude towards women in leadership positions.

1. Better knowledge and understanding of gender issues at all levels of

society, including communication activities, role plays, dramas,
documentaries, various other audio visual aids will raise awareness among
both stakeholders and the general public.
2. Both the genders need to take stand at their own level, to support and
promote the upliftment and wellness of their own and the opposite
gender, so as to overcome any sort of differentiation or harassment.
Surely both the Genders are a Creation of Nature and equally essential for the
Sustainable Development of any Society. Any sort of gap or inequality w.r.t. the
survival rate, individual count, literacy, health, safety, respect and freedom will
damage the sanctity and the authentication of human existence.
Based upon all the above mentioned facts a continual effort is being put in this
direction of creating a more sensitive, vigilant and respectful society, by “The
Transformers Value Creators”, the No. 1 Life Skills Training Organisation (in
the Tricity of Chandigarh, Panchkula & Mohali), working at both
Organisational & Institutional Level across PAN India & having trained and
counseled 20000+ individuals from Toddlers to Professionals.

To practically achieve this mission of imparting maximum awareness,

various Participative and Interactive Sessions on ‘Gender Sensitization’have
been facilitated by the team ‘The Transformers’ for some of the most Vibrant
and Dynamic Professionals from different parts of the country and at various
locations across Pan India.
To make these kind of sessions all the more effective and to justify their
importance, the participants were involved in various mimes, followed by
discussion on various facts and myths related to various Gender Issues.
Poster presentation on gender sensitization
 Gender Equity Issues in India
Gender discrimination continues to be an enormous problem within Indian
society. Traditional patriarchal norms have relegated women to secondary status
within the household and workplace. This drastically affects women's health,
financial status, education, and political involvement. Women are commonly
married young, quickly become mothers, and are then burdened by stringent
domestic and financial responsibilities. They are frequently malnourished since
women typically are the last member of a household to eat and the last to
receive medical attention. Additionally, only 54 percent of Indian women are
literate as compared to 76 percent of men. Women receive little schooling, and
suffer from unfair and biased inheritance and divorce laws. These laws prevent
women from accumulating substantial financial assets, making it difficult for
women to establish their own security and autonomy.
In Rajasthan, all of these problems are aggravated by high levels of seasonal
migration. For many men in Rajasthan, migration is required since rural parts of
Rajasthan often lack a sufficient economy to provide income for a family year-
round. Women are commonly left behind to care and provide for the entire
household. This is increasingly difficult because it is estimated that an average
woman's wage is 30 percent lower than a man's wage working in a similar
position. While these mothers work, they must also tend to domestic
responsibilities. This formula for supporting Rajasthani families leaves little
resource for the growth and development of women's rights and education
levels.
A strong "son preference" exists in the region, as it does throughout the
country, and high rates of female infanticide and female feticide plague the area.
In 2001, for every 1,000 males living in Rajasthan there were only 922 women
(Marthur et. al., 2004). Having sons is economically advantageous to families
due to cultural institutions; these institutions serve to drastically devalue the
roles women play in the traditional society. Women continue to struggle to
achieve equal status to men, making gender equity an issue of particular
importance for Rajasthan.
In Rajasthan several NGOs that have hosted FSD participants are instrumental
in providing opportunities for women. These organizations help to build
networks among women to create financial self-help groups. They introduce
ideas about microfinance, allowing women to participate in management
activities. Other local NGOs implement projects that export the skills of
women abroad to generate significant income. In 2006, Olen Crane, an FSD
intern, helped nearly 400 women artisans in the Udaipur area by collecting
samples of their textile products and shipping them abroad to sell to American
companies. Similar projects have enormous potential to improve the financial
and social status of Rajasthani women. Organizing change at a local level and
planning participatory action will help to eliminate bias and stereotypes, and
generate awareness of the significant gender divide that exists within Indian
society.

Gender inequality in India refers to health, education, economic and political

inequalities between men and women in India. Various international gender
inequality indices rank India differently on each of these factors, as well as on a
composite basis, and these indices are controversial.
 Gender inequalities, and its social causes, impact India's sex ratio, women's
health over their lifetimes, their educational attainment, and economic
conditions. Gender inequality in India is a multifaceted issue that concerns men
and women alike. Some argue that some gender equality measures, place men at
a disadvantage. However, when India's population is examined as a whole,
women are at a disadvantage in several important ways.

Schooling
India is on target to meet its Millennium Development Goal of gender parity in
education by 2015. UNICEF's measure of attendance rate and Gender Equality
in Education Index (GEEI) capture the quality of education. Despite some
gains, India needs to triple its rate of improvement to reach GEEI score of 95%
by 2015 under the Millennium Development Goals. In rural India girls
continue to be less educated than the boys. According to a 1998 report by U.S.
Department of Commerce, the chief barrier to female education in India are
inadequate school facilities (such as sanitary facilities), shortage of female
teachers and gender bias in curriculum (majority of the female characters being
depicted as weak and helpless vs. strong, adventurous, and intelligent men with
high prestige jobs)
Literacy

Though it is gradually rising, the female literacy rate in India is lower than the
male literacy rate. According to Census of India 2011, literacy rate of females is
65.46% compared to males which is 82.14%. Compared to boys, far fewer
girls are enrolled in the schools, and many of them drop out. According to the
National Sample Survey Data of 1997, only the states
of Kerala and Mizoram have approached universal female literacy rates.
According to majority of the scholars, the major factor behind the improved
social and economic status of women in Kerala is literacy. From 2006-2010,
the percent of females who completed at least a secondary education was almost
half that of men, 26,6% compared to 50.4%. In the current generation of
youth, the gap seems to be closing at the primary level and increasing in the
secondary level. In rural Punjab, the gap between girls and boys in school
enrollment increases dramatically with age as demonstrated in National Family
Health Survey-3 where girls age 15-17 in Punjab are 10% more likely than
boys to drop out of school. Although this gap has been reduced significantly,
problems still remain in the quality of education for girls where boys in the
same family will be sent to higher quality private schools and girls sent to the
government school in the village.
Reservations for female students
Under Non-Formal Education programme, about 40% of the centres in states
and 10% of the centres in UTs are exclusively reserved for females. As of 2000,
about 0.3 million NFE centres were catering to about 7.42 million children,
out of which about 0.12 million were exclusively for girls. Certain state level
engineering, medical and other colleges like in Orissa have reserved 30% of
their seats for females. The Prime Minister of India and the Planning
Commission also vetoed a proposal to set up an Indian Institute of
Technology exclusively for females. Although India had witnessed substantial
improvements in female literacy and enrolment rate since the 1990s, the quality
of education for female remains to be heavily compromised as the country
continues to hold greater value for male than female.
Health and survival inequalities
On health and survival measures, international standards consider the birth sex
ratio implied sex-selective abortion, and gender inequality between women's and
men's life expectancy and relative number of years that women live compared to
men in good health by taking into account the years lost to violence, disease,
malnutrition or other relevant factors.
Sex-selective abortion

In North America and Europe the birth sex ratio of the population ranges
between 103 and 107 boys per 100 girls; in India, China and South Korea, the
ratio has been far higher. Women have a biological advantage over men for
longevity and survival; however, there have been more men than women in India
and other Asian countries.This higher sex ratio in India and other countries is
considered as an indicator of sex-selective abortion.
The 2011 Census birth sex ratio for its States and Union Territories of India,
in 0 to 1 age group, indicated Jammu & Kashmir had birth sex ratio of 128
boys to 100 girls, Haryana of 120, Punjab of 117, and the states of Delhi and
Uttarakhand to be 114. This has been attributed to increasing misuse and
affordability of foetus sex-determining devices, such as ultrasound scan, the rate
of female foeticide is rising sharply in India. Female infanticide (killing of girl
infants) is still prevalent in some rural areas.
Patnaik estimates from the birth sex ratio that an expected 15 million girls were
not born between 2000 and 2010. MacPherson, in contrast, estimates that sex-
selective abortions account for about 100,000 missing girls every year in India.
Girl babies are often killed for several reasons, the most prominent one being
financial reasons. The economical reasons include, earning of power as men as
are the main income-earners, potential pensions, as when the girl is married she
would part ways with her family and the most important one, the payment of
dowry. Even though, it is illegal by Indian law to ask for dowry, it is still a
common practice in certain socio-economic classes which leads to female
infanticide, as the baby girls are seen as an economic burden.
Gender selection and selective abortion were banned in India under Pre-
conception and Pre-natal Diagnostics Technique Actin 1994. The practice
continues illegally. Other institutional efforts, such as advertisements calling
female foeticides a sin by the Health Ministry of India and annual Girl Child
Day can be observed to raise status of girls and to combat female infanticide.
Health
Immunisation rates for 2 year olds was 41.7% for girls and 45.3% for boys
according to the 2005 National Family Health Survey-3, indicating a slight
disadvantage for girls. Malnutrition rates in India are nearly equal in boys and
girls.
The male to female suicide ratio among adults in India has been about
2:1. This higher male to female ratio is similar to those observed around the
world. Between 1987 and 2007, the suicide rate increased from 7.9 to 10.3 per
100,000, with higher suicide rates in southern and eastern states of India. In
2012, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and West Bengal had the highest proportion
of female suicides. Among large population states, Tamil Nadu and Kerala had
the highest female suicide rates per 100,000 people in 2012.
Some studies in south India have found that gender disadvantages, such as
negative attitudes towards women's empowerment are risk factors for suicidal
behavior and common mental disorders like anxiety and depression.
Gender-based violence
Domestic violence, rape and dowry-related violence are sources of gender
violence. According to the National Crime Records Bureau 2013 annual report,
24,923 rape cases were reported across India in 2012. Out of these, 24,470
were committed by relative or neighbor; in other words, the victim knew the
alleged rapist in 98 per cent of the cases. Compared to other developed and
developing countries, incidence rates of rape per 100,000 people are quite low
in India. India records a rape rate of 2 per 100,000 people,compared to 8.1
rapes per 100,000 people in Western Europe, 14.7 per 100,000 in Latin
America, 28.6 in the United States, and 40.2 per 100,000 in Southern African
region.
Other sources of gender violence include those that are dowry-related and
honor killings. NCRB report states 8,233 dowry deaths in the country in
2012. Honor killings is violence where the woman's behavior is linked to the
honour of her whole family; in extreme cases, family member(s) kill her. Honor
killings are difficult to verify, and there is dispute whether social activists are
inflating numbers. In most cases, honor killings are linked to the woman
marrying someone that the family strongly disapproves of. Some honor killings
are the result of extrajudicial decisions made by traditional community elders
such as "khap panchayats," unelected village assemblies that have no legal
authority. Estimates place 900 deaths per year (or about 1 per million people).
Honor killings are found the Northern states of Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar
Pradesh.
Political inequalities
This measure of gender inequality considers the gap between men and women
in political decision making at the highest levels.
On this measure, India has ranked in top 20 countries worldwide for many
years, with 9th best in 2013 - a score reflecting less gender inequality in India's
political empowerment than Denmark, Switzerland, Germany, France and
United Kingdom.From the prime minister to chief ministers of various states,
Indian voters have elected women to its state legislative assemblies and national
parliament in large numbers for many decades.
Women turnout during India's 2014 parliamentary general elections was
65.63%, compared to 67.09% turnout for men. In 16 states of India, more
women voted than men. A total of 260.6 million women exercised their right to
vote in April–May 2014 elections for India's parliament.
India passed 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments in 1993, which
provides for 33 per cent quotas for women's representation in the local self-
government institutions. These Amendments were implemented in 1993. This,
suggest Ghani et al., has had strong effects for empowering women in India in
many spheres.
Reasons for gender inequalities
Lorber states that gender inequality has been a historic worldwide phenomena, a
human invention and based on gender assumptions. It is linked to kinship rules
rooted in cultures and gender norms that organises human social life, human
relations, as well as promotes subordination of women in a form of social
strata. Amartya Sen highlighted the need to consider the socio-cultural
influences that promote gender inequalities In India, cultural influences favour
the preference for sons for reasons related to kinship, lineage, inheritance,
identity, status, and economic security. This preference cuts across class
and caste lines, and it discriminates against girls. In extreme cases, the
discrimination takes the form of honour killings where families kill daughters
or daughter in laws who fail to conform to gender expectations about marriage
and sexuality. When a woman does not conform to expected gender norms she
is shamed and humiliated because it impacts both her and her family's honor,
and perhaps her ability to marry. The causes of gender inequalities are complex,
but a number of cultural factors in India can explain how son preference, a key
driver of daughter neglect, is so prevalent.
Patriarchal society
Patriarchy is a social system of privilege in which men are the primary authority
figures, occupying roles of political leadership, moral authority, control of
property, and authority over women and children. Most of India, with some
exceptions, has strong patriarchal and patrilineal customs, where men hold
authority over female family members and inherit family property and title.
Examples of patriarchy in India include prevailing customs where inheritance
passes from father to son, women move in with the husband and his family
upon marriage, and marriages include a bride price or dowry. This 'inter-
generational contract' provides strong social and economic incentives for raising
sons and disincentives for raising daughters. The parents of the woman
essentially lose all they have invested in their daughter to her husband's family,
which is a disincentive for investing in their girls during youth. Furthermore,
sons are expected to support their parents in old age and women have very
limited ability to assist their own parents.
Son preference
A key factor driving gender inequality is the preference for sons, as they are
deemed more useful than girls. Boys are given the exclusive rights to inherit the
family name and properties and they are viewed as additional status for their
family. In a survey-based study of 1990s data, scholars found that son are
believed to have a higher economic utility as they can provide additional labour
in agriculture. Another factor is that of religious practices, which can only be
performed by males for their parents' afterlife. All these factors make sons more
desirable. Moreover, the prospect of parents 'losing' daughters to the husband's
family and expensive dowry of daughters further discourages parents from
having daughters. Additionally, sons are often the only person entitled to
performing funeral rights for their parents. Thus, a combination of factors has
shaped the imbalanced view of sexes in India. A 2005 study in Madurai, India,
found that old age security, economic motivation, and to a lesser extent,
religious obligations, continuation of the family name, and help in business or
farm, were key reasons for son preference. In turn, emotional support and old
age security were main reasons for daughter preference. The study underscored
a strong belief that a daughter is a liability.
 Discrimination against girls

While women express a strong preference for having at least one son, the
evidence of discrimination against girls after they are born is mixed. A study of
1990s survey data by scholarsfound less evidence of systematic discrimination
in feeding practices between young boys and girls, or gender based nutritional
discrimination in India. In impoverished families, these scholars found that
daughters face discrimination in the medical treatment of illnesses and in the
administration of vaccinations against serious childhood diseases. These
practices were a cause of health and survival inequality for girls. While gender
discrimination is a universal phonomena in poor nations, a 2005 UN study
found that social norms-based gender discrimination leads to gender inequality
in India.
Dowry
In India, dowry is the payment in cash or some kind of gifts given to
bridegroom's family along with the bride. The practice is widespread across
geographic region, class and religions. The dowry system in India contributes to
gender inequalities by influencing the perception that girls are a burden on
families. Such beliefs limit the resources invested by parents in their girls and
limits her bargaining power within the family.[citation needed]
The payment of a dowry has been prohibited under The 1961 Dowry
Prohibition Act in Indian civil law and subsequently by Sections 304B and
498a of the Indian Penal Code (IPC). Several studies show that while attitudes
of people are changing about dowry, the institution has changed very little, and
even continues to prevail.
Marriage laws

Men and women have equal rights within marriage under Indian law, with the
exception of Muslim men who are allowed to unilaterally divorce their
wife. The legal minimum age for marriage is 18 for women and 21 for men,
except for those Indians whose religion is Islam for whom child marriage
remains legal under India's Mohammedan personal laws. Child marriage is one
of the detriments to empowerment of women.
Discrimination against men
Some men's advocacy groups have complained that the government
discriminates against men through the use of overly aggressive laws designed to
protect women. Some parents state, "discrimination against girls is no longer
rampant and education of their child is really important for them be it a girl or
a boy." The Men's rights movement in India call for gender neutral laws,
especially in regards to child custody, divorce, sexual harassment, and adultery
laws. Men's rights activists state that husbands don't report being attacked by
their wives with household utensils because of their ego. These activist petition
that there is no evidence to prove that the domestic violence faced by men is
less than that faced by women.
Political and legal reforms
Since its independence, India has made significant strides in addressing gender
inequalities, especially in the areas of political participation, education, and legal
rights. Policies and legal reforms to address gender inequalities have been
pursued by the government of India. For instance, the Constitution of India
contains a clause guaranteeing the right of equality and freedom from sexual
discrimination. India is also signatory to the Convention for the Elimination of
All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, or CEDAW. However, the
government maintains some reservations about interfering in the personal affairs
of any community without the community's initiative and consent. A listing of
specific reforms is presented below.
MEN FACING PROBLEMS DUE TO FEMALE RIGHTS
Real life example:
Two young men began working as Assistant Managers at a New Jersey grocery store
in 1999. Both males filed job discrimination complaints with the EEOC after they
stopped working at the store.

The first male claims that a female Assistant Manager made unwelcome sexual
comments to him shortly after he started working at the store. The female was
promoted to Store Manager a few months later. The young man claims that the
harassment continued and that the Store Manager talked to him about her sexual
desires and her affairs with other male workers. He also states that she rubbed her
body suggestively against his and flashed her bra and breasts at him in the store. The
young man quit because of the female manager's behavior.

The second employee claims that he experienced similar harassment. He contends

that the Store Manager called him "baby," told other workers that she was his girlfriend,
and flashed her bra at him. When this young man discovered that the first employee
had quit because of the harassment, he argued with the Store Manager, who
suspended him. The young man complained the next day to the District Manager.
However, the company fired him for "unprofessional conduct."

After investigating both complaints, the EEOC filed a lawsuit against the store, claiming
that the two men were sexually harassed in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act,
which prohibits employment discrimination and harassment on the basis of gender. The
EEOC's lawsuit also claims that the store illegally punished the second employee for
complaining about the harassment. The lawsuit is still in court. If it is not resolved
through a settlement, the EEOC will present its case to a jury, which will determine
whether the company should be held responsible for the female manager's behavior.

Fighting for women’s rights has become "synonymous with man-hating," as Watson put
it in her speech. But gender equality benefits men as well.

With a growing number of men taking on the responsibility of caring for children as their
parters work, breaking down traditional gender stereotypes is increasingly important.
Research has also shown societal pressures to be aggressive and not reveal
vulnerabilities can have negative affects on men. According to statics by the Center for
Disease Control, suicide is four times higher among men than it is women. "Suicide
needs to be addressed as a health and gender inequality—an avoidable difference in
health and length of life that … affects men more because of the way society expects
them to behave," according to a report by Samaritans, a U.K.-based suicide-prevention
organization.
Bringing men into the conversation on gender equality takes a step toward breaking
down those expectations of both genders. As Watson said in her speech, "It is time that
we all perceive gender on a spectrum, not as two opposing sets of ideals."

How to do that? "We need to get men in the room now," says Claudia Chan, founder of
the annual S.H.E. Summit. "Men need to get integrated into the movement."
SPONSOR MORE WOMEN TO BUILD THE PIPELINE OF
WOMEN LEADERS
Having a senior leader who takes an active role in helping you move up in your
company and career—also known as sponsorship—is a key way to fast-track your
success. People with sponsors are 23%more likely to move up in their career than those
without sponsors, according to research out of the Center for Talent Innovation.
Yet women are far less likely to have sponsors than men, which puts them at a clear
disadvantage. "Sponsorship tends to power-replicate itself," says Sylvia Ann Hewlett,
founder and CEO of the Center for Talent Innovation. The reason for that? Trust is a big
part of the equation in sponsorship relationships, says Hewlett. "Trust does not often
cross gender and race because it's easier to trust a mini-me," she says. But awareness is
the first step in making a change. Recognizing those patterns, men in leadership
positions can take a more active role in sponsoring women.
ACKNOWLEDGE THERE'S MORE PROGRESS TO BE MADE
This lack of advocacy from men is one key reason women hold only 3% of Fortune 500
CEO positions, according to a report by Hewlett, in which she calls the lack of such
sponsorship "the last glass ceiling."
Consider the data. More women than men enter the white-collar workforce (53 women
for every 47 males), yet as they move up, men are promoted to leadership roles at a far
greater rate, with men in top executive roles outnumbering women four to one. The
problem isn't just the disparity, it's also those male leaders' perception of the issue.
"Male CEOs simply don’t see the lack of women around them, conditioned as they are
by decades of initiatives dedicated to correcting gender inequities," Hewlett wrote.
"While 49% of women think gender bias is alive and well today, only 28% of men
agree."

But diversity in leadership benefits men just as much as it does women. According to
the Global Leadership Forecast, which surveyed 13,124 leaders from around the world,
those companies that were performing in the top 20% financially had nearly twice the
amount of women in leadership roles compared to those in the bottom 20%.
"Encouraging gender diversity in your leadership pool means greater diversity of
thought, which, in turn, leads to improved problem solving and greater business
benefits," according to the report.

KEEP AN OPEN MIND TO WOMEN'S ISSUES

Simply showing a willingness to acknowledge and understand the gender inequalities
facing women is a huge step in getting the ball rolling. It's an unwillingness to engage in
conversation over the issues that only perpetuates the problem.

In August, when Guardian columnist Jessica Valenti tweeted a question asking if

anyone knew of specific countries where tampons are free or subsidized, she was met
with a torrent of abusive tweets. Valenti had posed the question as part of her research for a
column on the cost and availability of feminine hygiene products around the world—a
problem particularly in developing countries. What she found, of course, wasn't just
that access to such necessary health products is significantly lacking, but that speaking
out on the issue made her an instant target for hate.
It's not uncommon for women speaking out on women's issues to be met with such
criticism. Bringing men into the conversation in a productive and open-minded way is a
crucial step to actually making progress on issues of gender inequality. Before
significant progress can be made, there needs to be a willingness to simply show up at

the table and listen.

Conclusion on gender sensitization
Our education system needs to be gender sensitive and gender friendly . Schools can play
an important role in inculcating gender sensitivity in etiquettes and manners of the
students. A detailed action plan with a definite road map is required in the school
curriculum to achieve gender equality. One of the best possible strategies to minimize
gender discrimination in society is to promote gender awareness in parents and teachers .
Parents should be advised to treat both their sons and daughters as equals . Instead of
telling their daughters to behave properly , mothers should teach their sons to respect all
women as equals . It is important that children should grow up seeing women in their
homes being respected by the men in the family . All mothers , aunts , grandmothers
should stop telling the young girls of their families that they need to learn how to cook ,
serve the husband and the in-laws , always adjust and let the man get his way , and
whatever else say to make a growing girl feel like she has less access to choice or freedom
than her male counterpart .

Gender issues are prevailing in our society at all levels . To minimize these gender issues
we need to start changing the mindset of younger generation as they are those who can
bring about further change in society , with their innovative ideas , thoughts and practices
. To do this we need good educated teachers who have a sound knowledge regarding
gender issues . Teachers play a very important part in the early upbringing of the child
and their ideas and beliefs can change the thought processes of young students . Children
in the formative years easily nurture values and virtues which are taught at school. Gender
sensitization will change the perception that men and women have of each other. It will
create a mindset in which men will no longer see women in stereotypical image. They will
no longer consider women as weak and unequal entity. Men will see their female
counterparts as responsible and equal partners in socio-economic development . The men
who are otherwise reluctant to acknowledge women's contribution will come forward
under the influence of sensitization to recognize their contribution. Women too will
become more conscious of their capability and contribution and take pride in the same.
Gender sensitized persons become instruments of change as far as status of women in the
society is concerned . It can foster meaningful participation and integration of women
into development process and can lead to better impact on women.
Teachers are important agents of change because of the key role they play in the processes
of education as major executors of the teaching and learning processes . A teacher must
therefore constantly be aware of the fact that his or her action / attitude / behavior /
mindset / outlook will help to shape a child's gender role. He/she may use multiple
strategies and interventions to ensure that students have equal opportunities to both
create and obtain their goals . For the teachers to bring about a change in the society they
should be given a pre hand knowledge of the issues . Teachers not only need gender
sensitive curriculum and textbooks but also gender equality education . Academic
contents with lessons on gender sensitivity and moral traditions will unconsciously mould
the character of the tender minds. It is time to transform India's patriarchal norms
It is clear that over the years not sufficient attention has been directed towards the
formulation and institution of a gender responsive pedagogy to address the problems that
negatively impact on the teaching and learning processes . This calls for the development
of a pedagogy that incorporates the gender dimension in the curriculum , teaching and
learning materials , teaching methodologies and the overall learning environment . Further
suggestions include:
1. It is necessary that the school curriculum should be free of gender inequality .
2. Pictures in the textbooks should be gender sensitive to promote gender equality .
3. Education system should be gender friendly and gender sensitive .
4. Gender neutral language should be promoted in the schools at all levels.
5. Gender sensitivity training programmes to be made mandatory for all teachers.
6. School parents partnership should be strengthened to address gender issues at homes.
7. Gender sensitive counseling by gender experts for teachers and students.
8. Gender sensitive , empowered women can serve as role models for girls and pass on
new values to all their students.
9. All policies , programmes, interventions need to be gender sensitive.
10.Classroom interaction , academic delivery and teaching methodologies should be
gender responsive.
The requirement is for a lifelong learning on gender sensitization through the
development of social partnership between organizations from civil society and political
world in order to enhance understanding of women 's issues as issues of power in society
and gender training for teachers and parents is the first step towards the accomplishment
of this goal . The day is not far when both men and women would be ready to perceive
each other's needs and act in a more cohesive way to harness their combined potential. I
would like to conclude with few lines of Mariam Bibi on Gender Awareness.
When you talk about gender awareness
You talk about absolute fairness
It 's all about peace and equality

Divine justice in reality

Say no to discrimination