''

IN IN G.

14,
4I 2 f: NG E E R [FEB. 1902.

y
11

to12
whileNos. and werestrengthenedb steeltie-rodswith view theiradoption considered sufficiently THE NEW BERMUDA FLOATING DOCK.

to

if
a
10
runningfronnhub rim andboltedin; No. burst meritorious.

ofat
|
11

a 12
164 persecond, anaverage ONSaturdaylasttherewaslaunchedfromthe yard
ft.

at
and Nos. and

on
Pressing Shaft.—Usually

A.
per Armature thecontract Swanand Hunter, Wallsend-on

C.

at
of

S.
225ft. second.Nos.13and14weremadewithsolid definitely providesby whomthis bedone;but our Messrs.

to
is
rimsandwiththearmsandhubcast singlepiece,and suggestion that, there no such provision the Tyne, floatingdockwhichhas beenconstructed

a in
for

in
it is

is

a
if
earswhichprojectedcontract, shouldbeunderstood
of
theends thearmsboltedbetween engine and the Government the designs Messrs.Clark and

to

of
that the
fromtherim; theyburst speed 392 per generator

ft.
at

of
inwards Standfield, 11,Victoria-street, Westminster.This,

ofso
agreewho work,

is of
to
buildersshall dothis

is
second. Nos. 15 and 16 weremadewith therims

in
as
avoidanydisputewhenthe separate portions we believe, thelongestandheaviestfloatinggraving

B. to
halves,boltedtogether by flangedjoint, andthearms theunitaredelivered onthepremises. dock yet constructed,exceeding these respects

in
and hubcast onepiece,the armsbeingbolted the

to
ft. in

operation, andfor even the large dock the United States Navy,
by

FloorLine.—For c onvenience

in

of
on
rim flangescast theirendsandcapscrews screwedthe information engineand generator builders,we situated NewOrleans,andcompleted

of
last year.

at
on

a In
intobosses theinside therim; theaverage burstingsuggest
of

75
up inclusive,

to
speedwas223 persecond. thatfor units kilowatts the our two-pageplate we give longitudinalsection,
sub-base;

a
toat

of
following floorlineshould come thebottom the and cross-section, plan the new dock, which

of
and

of
The conclusions aredrawn: For wheels forunits100kilowatts 200kilowattsinclusive,

a
thefloor

be
proportions, Bermuda; and on page218

to

at
moderate sizeandcorrect thesolidrim the stationed

is is
is

be
in. belowtheroughtop thesub-base.

of
strongestform; jointingthearms therimandwebbinglineshould

1
at
Protecting shown perspective v iew,prepared from photo

a
C.

of
Commutators from Oil.-In view the graphtakensomelittle timebeforethe
no

the rimhas importanteffect;joints therimsare factthat some launch. By

in
cases thedistance between bearingand

in
no
the principalsource weakness; probably joint can

an
of

verysmall, engine the latter, althoughsomedetailsarenot complete,

be

mademorethanone-third strong thesolidrim; commutatori wellfor builders

as

as

is
it
given generala rrangement

of
provision shouldbemade preventexcellentidea the and
16

is
to

to
thejoint No. forcast bear mindthat

in
of

thebestthatcanbedevised
be is

bearing gettingonthecommutator. theimposing

ft. is f
wheelswithsolidrims; jointsarelocated between the oil fromthegenerator dimensionso thisenormous structure.
if

buildershaveaskedthattheend ThenewBermudaDock 545 long,andits clear

ft.
arms,theyshould reinforced bytie-rods;thesolid-rim Some

.
tapped facilitate, necessary, widthbetweenrubbing-fenders100

ft.
to
of
wheel,withnumerous spokes, thebestform. theshaftbedrilledand As theside

is
steel-rod

be if
is

13
the removal placing the armature across,the totalwidth

or

at
of

of
on theshaft wallsare little over

up a
The paper waswell illustrated,andthe memberstheplace erection.We suggest above126ft. The lifting

of
thatthis done. thestructure somewhat

is
hopedMr. Benjaminwouldcontinuestill further.
£
E. generator requirespecial

In
somecases builders ower, the pontoondeck level, 15,500 tons,

to

of is
nuts,bolts, fixturesfor attachinggenerators the

or

to

be
STANDARDISING ENGINETESTs ANDSTANDARDISING by using the shallow pound this can in
shaft. Undertheseconditions wesuggest thatthegene
rator buildersshouldfurnishall attachmentst their creased 17,500tons. The highenough weight hull 6500

to
-

is
o
ENGINESAND DYNAMOs.

£is'

or

onto
apparatus thatarenot already s pecified our report. tons. The sides wallsare enablea

in
on

32

6 be
“The Committee the Standardising Engine draught

ft.
of

offt.to
of
vessel berthed the keel

by
Tests” presented preliminary report covering This Committee, like

all
appointed the blocks,the latter being high. The whole

in
a

3
structureconsistsmainly five parts, comprising
TABLEOF SIZES,SPEEDs,ANDSTANDARDISED threepontoonsand two side walls. The pontoons
f
DIMENSIONso DIRECT-CoNNECTED GENERATING SETs.
formthebottom thedock,andareplacedbetween

of
the
- -
A'" - - p',...
| ||
Eso'ss space
|

of as

as
sidewalls; thelatterextending
or
...

Draw" occurroos == almost lowdown

#3 # .5# &

328

# #s
|

Key Feature).

(A
plating pontoons.This arrange

to

ofof
- thebottom the
#
------|--|--|3
Frt.
# |

|mentgivesadvantage thefull depth girder,

|
LourLisrs.
#

5 , #
|

#:
# 7,

,
:
- power,

=...
pontoonssupplythe chief par

g
r:
-

| . |
3 ## #
5#

*#

be
#3
#

--
#

andthoughthesidewallsmay used someextent

".
53

2:
* E-
5:

to
as

*- #:

...
#. 1 1} * | in 5 # #
*# #

#|
|
#

O ©

for
.
###. purpose, primaryobject give

to
##|*# ## ##| 5= =#| thesame t heir
-#

is
#5

,
# ###
##| #
–– –––––"--
## |
|

3 #|
|
£: thestructurestability,and affordcontroloverthe
#.

to
##
#

## #######|

#
g:
#4

*#3 board,

on
gää sinking ship

to
#: #: ** dock takethe

it in
#~ 5%

#
||34 3a

it
$33.

tobe
3

.
interest compare
*

to
of
will this dockwiththe
|

| || |

It
displace Bermuda. The old dock,

in.
in in. in.
in,

#|| , ," in:

|| ##! * #; in:
*

at
§ g} | | ##in
in, one
# # ##in

• : 6 6#| in

ft. is
25
##|3: ###
8 : # 4}4.'.

30
! #

on
# 7 6 5%

ty's #1'." page volume,

1

of
35 300 Flat whichwasillustrated 294 oursecond
4#

96# 6'£ #

1}on5'-- 'on 33 ** || ||
#:
| +

4 4 4| 4
| || |

| || || |

widebetweenthe
the sid
1
| |

2## 1" ||

84
| | |
# 1:50

is .
37 381 over all, and
'

|4} ..., 31 28

ft.
'i'£o
#90 side
|#
|

43 walls. Its normalliftingpower 8000tons; somewhat|

|
###1's 7}+1,

is
!

|
|
#:
||

abovethedisplacement (7550tons) theBellerophon,

#

of
-
i:

150
f fof + iš'
3 6

#
#

# ty' whichwasthetypicalcentralbatteryship herday.

1}
|

of
!
11

on

in 47

|| |
| |

+1&n
*
- |

i |||
||
1

By theuse endgates,however, the capacity the

beof

of
*

56to *
-

up
to |

dockcould brought over10,000 tons,butthis

to
Nore1.-Fivepercent.variationspeedpermissible
above speedsTable.
andbelow length

ft.
be

tcp bearing
may engine
builder),
though reduced the available 330 The Belle
of

of

Nor".2.-Distance
fromcentreo shaft base outboard lessthan (tosuit
C

notlessthanpossible rophon 300 long and wide; but the

ft.

ft.
outside
radiuso armature.

is
-
Fig.5.
--
#&: 52
3 #: S:

-- - - Fia.
{j

&
6

$o o
-
#,

M- -
###
*:::
E3
E# =

-
r
: <-

Outboard
--- Q- $3
Bearing tf
A.

5.* .5

rf
2
* Co --C---
# &*

Stool
to

8toolsbemadeand
located
tosuit
feet
|

---- ofhorizontally
parted
generators.
Builders
oflatter
note
thatradius
ofoutside
offield 2.
|----- piece
must
be34"to
34"less
than“R.”
Asarranged
Grose, forhorizontally
partedgenerators Asarranged
forvertically
parted
generators.
Rectangular
seatings
to

to

bemade andlocatedsuit
basesvertically
parted
generators.
of
It 80

octavopages,whichreceivedhighcommendation.Society,had done its work thoroughlyand success-heavierfully-rigged,broadside, ships the

of

armoured
an

represented enormousamount carefulwork, fully, and their first report was the highest period—theAgincourt,and Minotaur-were,400
ft.
in
of

£
was enthusiastic degreesatisfactory,not only the members,but longand59ft. in: wide. Our recentbattleships
5

and the proposition add are

to
to

to
it

wide; fact whichillus

75

the manufacturersand users general. This |405 long and

ft.

ft.

ally received. Following this was the report

in
to

in
of

'i'
the

of war vessels
by

by

the Committeeon “Standardisation Enginesand wasshown the letters they had received,and advance,
of

made the
in

duringtheperiodthathaselapsed sincethefirstdock
Dynamos.” The points coveredwerethese: the hearty- -co-operation-they had meton all sides.
That their final reportwill be equallywelcomeand was sent out. The cruiserclass showsevenmore
be

markedincrease dimensions; indeed, may said

in
of
9.8.7.6.5. 4. 3. 2. 1.

Thestandard sizes unitsrecommended.

it

pleasing beyondquestion.
36

that yearsagowe had nothing the Navy corre

is

The corresponding perminutefor these

in

revolutions
units. sponding ourpresentfirst-class
be

to

(To continued.) cruisers.

on
of

The sizes shaftsfor the two classes of centre theillustration,Fig. our two-page plate,we
In

engines.
by

crankandside-crank haveshown dottedlinesthepositionsthat would

The lengthalongthe shaftrequired forthegene
be

contractfor thesupply 50,000 occupied by

respectively the battleshipMajestic
IN

of

rator. CoAL BRAZIL.—A

coalto theBrazilianCentralRailway,with de and the first-classcruiserPowerful. The Majestic
The height axis shaftovertop sub-base. tonsof extending
of ofor
ofof

of

six

75

overthefirst weeks thisyear,has has length 390ft., wide, and her dis
ft.
of

of

liveries
is

The width top sub-base.

a
by

CoalCompany.Thecontractplacement 15,000tons. give high

to

beentaken theBrazilian
In

order
is

Armaturefit. price per manoeuvring powers, way quick turning,

29s.5 d. ton.
to
of

the
in
is

Overload capacity engines andgenerators.

£

£
war-vessels, are generallydesigned that the
so

Brush-holders.
as

10. Holding-down bolts,keys,andoutboardbearings. LAXTON'S BUILDERSPRICE-BOOK FOR1902.—Thenew endsare gooddealcut away,or, described,
is
it
a

edition thisusefulwork,justissuedby Kelly’sDirec with the deadwoodremoved.This cambering

of
of
by

The results are tabulated,and accompanied tories,Limited,hasbeenbroughtthoroughly up date the keel comparatively moderninnovation,
to

££
and
is
a

all its sections.Some72,000differentprices are

5,
6,

diagrams(Figs. affectsthe berthing ship

7)

in

and annexed. The Com

is ofto
of

some extent.
is it

a
ofas

scheduled, and, usual,the pricesdealingwith any

£
mitteealsoaddedthe following suggestions the length bearingkeel the Magnificent
inof

particularclass work are prefixedby number Thus

:

| of

343ft.; whilst theTerrible but40 more,

ft.
to a

it

In thecourse our investigation upontheselectiono for

a of

ourattentionhas althoughthe big cruiser 500 long. -On

ft.

number pointswhich,fromtheir uses,and on its measurement relation architects' - theother

-
-is

-
in
to

of

been called
nature,arenotexactly thesamecategory thoseon certificates. the appendixrelating legalmatters,hand,the Campania,
-

which,as an auxiliary
as

to
in

In

thoug
a be

whichwehavemaderecommendations; but weconsiderparticulars are given the moreimportantdecisions, might have

to
of

dealt with Wartime."

in
on
as

them suchimportance underthe LondonBuildingAct 1894.The 600 long,has bearing herkeel 545ft.,
ft.
fto
of

of

of

thatwedesire offerthem £ecorded

,
,

suggestions by memberso the Society,price thebook 4s. Fortunately,modernvesselsbuilt

of

steel will
of

forconsideration
is

|
 FEB. 1'4, 1902.] ENGINEERING. 213
submitto beingsupportedout of water with very in eachwall. The drainsarecontinuous overthewhole dry dockthanthat hundredsof ships shouldhaveto
long lengthsoverhanging fore and aft. Perhapsthe lengthofthewalls,andasthepumpsareseateddirectly transportthe burdenall over theworld. Of course,
mostnotableinstanceon recordis thatof the mail on them,anyonepump can emptyall the compart shipsmusthavematerialworked intoaffordlongitudinal
steamer Empress of China. This vessel injured mentsof its half of the dock. There a central stiffness;butwhether wouldpry toput outsidethe

is

it

it
one of her propeller shafts, so that it had to bulkheaddividingthedockinto two halves,but this bottom matterthatmaybewell opento discussion.

is
a
be withdrawnfrom outboard. She was at Barrow, not quite water-tight,small leakageholes being The launchof Saturdaylast was in all respectsa

is
where there is a floating dock only 242 ft. long, purposelyleft. If, therefore,the wholeof thepump success, exceptingin regardto snowballsandweather.
the Empress of China being 455ft». in length ing machineryon one sidewere to breakdown,the It snowedheavilyall themorning. Vvallscndwereits
betweenperpendiculars.Therewasthusan overhang other half could still emptythe dock, thoughat mostdrearyaspect,andwasin its mostplayfulmood.

a
of ‘Z13ft. to be dividedbetweenthe two ends. In somewhatslow pace. The pumpsare driven each The vastsquare-bottomed craftwassupportedon two
spite of this, the vesselwas lifted sutficientlyto by a separatecompoundcondensingenginedirectly wayswhichhadtheconsiderable inclinationof eleven
withdrawtheshaftandreplaceit, alilioughthedock, attached. A return-tubeboilersupplieseachpair of sixteenthsof an inchto the foot. At the appointed
which is of the depositingtype, had not suificient pumpingengineswith steam; but theconnections are time glidedeasilyinto the Tyne,and wasbrought

it
displacementto get the keel out of water. Perhaps somadethat the supplyof steamfrom anyboiler pleasantlyto rest within distanceof about'25ft.

is

a
anotherremarkablefeat of ship-liftingmaybemen interchangeable.It will be seen,therefore,that in Someonesaid waslike launchingMilan Cathedral.

it
tioned here. In this the difficulty was with the eachwall thepumpingarrangements arein duplicate, \Vhen completed, the dock will betowedroundto
oppositediiiiension—beam.The Russian so-called andthat eitherwall cansinglypumpout the dock so the Medway,where, said,it will be testedby

is
it
" circularironclads,”thePopoffkas,have—atleastthe asto lift though,naturally,theprogresswouldbe dockin a battleship;afterwhich will be takento

it

it
;
largestof themhave-120 it. beam,but thesevesselsslowerin the eventof extensivebreakdown. Bermua, to occupytheplaceof theold floatingdock
havebeenlifted on floatingdocks. In this case,how The workingof thewholedock all donefromtwo whichwastakenout in 1869.

is
ever,theformof dockis of the |_ type—~that is to ray, centralpositionson thetop of thedock towers,where
it hasonly onewall. The Russiandock, whichis at the valve wheelsand connectionsare placed. The
Sebastopol,has, however, been arrangedby her valve-houses are directly in communication with the in_ RUSSIAN RAILWA\'S.-——N8W linesareprojected orarenow
designers,Messrs. Clark and Standfield,for taking engine- rooms,sothat themanin chargehascompleteversts, course of construction in Russia,totheextentof 5681
involving anestimated capitalouila of 400,304,897
verywide structures,the pontoonsbeing capableoi control. Indicatorsare fitted to show thepositions roubles.Thelengthof the greatTrans- iberianline

is
beingextendedout from the wall in a very ingeniousof valves,whetheropenorshut,inorderthatthedock 7783versts:theexpenditure madeby thisundertaking on
manner. Whilst mentioningthis fact,it is, perhaps, mastermay take up differentpositionsfor conning capitalaccounthasthusfarbeen780,000,000 roubles,but
as well to add that |_ docks, as ordinarily built, thelift. As the dock intendedespeciallyfor naval it estimated thatthistotalwill havetobecarriedto at

is

is
will take ships rather wider than the pontoons; purposes,specialprovisionhas beenmadefor sup leash850,000,000 roubles.
for instance,the Barrow depositingdock has lifted porting the armourbelt of battleships. There

is
a
paddlesteamersof 68 ft. beam,althoughit is but strongchannelrunning alongthe top of the broad Piriis0NsL.—Messrs. Eastonand Co., Limited,Er-itb,
54ft. wide. Naturallythe strengthof thedockitself altars to take the heels of the vertical shores. Kent, have pointedMr. G. D. Seatcnto represent

a
hasto beconsidered, them in the 'dland Counties,
aswell asthat of theship; espe Channelsare also providedto take the endsof the Islin ton-row, baston,Birmingham.—The withhead-quarters at 36,
Ed nameof
ciallywhen heavyships have to be lifted thathave rakingshoreswhichareusedfor supportingthebilges. ritish and oreignEleetromobile Company,Li
considerablecamber. In the caseof the Bermuda There are six capstansfor warpingshipsinto posi the mited,has beenalteredto the"British Electromobile
dock this featurehas receivedspecialattentionin tion, togetherwith the usualbollards,fairleads,&c. Company, Limited,”andits offices havebeenremoved to
viewof the fact that she has to make an extendedElectric current providedfor illuminating pur

4,
Bloomsbury-place, for the con
is

W.C.—Sub-licences
oceanvoyage,in thecourseof which heavyweather posesby meansof separateinstallationplacedin structionof enginesusing superheated steamon the
a

maybemet. onewall of the dock. Leadsarearrangedsothatall SchmidtsystemhavebeengrantedtoMessrs.Fairbairn,

The vertical side walls of the new Dock being the interior compartments can belit up. Thereare Lawson,Combo,andBarbour,Limited,Belfast,Messrs.
63ft. 3 in. high,givegreatdepthof girder; butit is, alsotwelvearclampsfor useviliendockingor work Bow andMacLaehlan, Limited,Paisley,and Messrs. .

J
ofcourse,necessary thattheyshouldbefirmlyattached ing on ashipat night. Therearealsospecialarrange Carmichael andCo.,Limited,Dundee.
to the pontoonbottom. This bringsforwardanother ments to facilitate the use of hand-lamps. Two SEWAGE AT PON'1‘El*RA('1‘.—Ifl proposed to lay down

is
characteristic featureof thesefloatingdocks. It is re travellingjib cranesarefitted,asshownin the draw systemfor the bacteriological treatment of thesewage

a
quiredthattheirunder-water partsshouldbeexaminedings,runningalongthewalls. Theyareeachof tons of Pontefract. Mr. Baldwin Latham,who hasbeen
5
o f
for purposes paintingor repair,andtheyarethere capacity,with an actingradiusof 36ft-.,andclearancecalledin to advise,approves somecontrolledbiological
foremade“ self-docking ”—that is to say,anyof the tolift 35ft. abovethetopdeck. Theseareelectrically filterbedswhichhavebeenintroduced by Mr. A. Oddy,
sectionsinto which the whole structureis divided driven,there beingseparategenerating plantsplaced theborough surveyor.It proposed to put downbeds

is
maybedetachedand lifted by therest of the dock. in thetowersof the dock. Current generated, how coveringa totalareaof 8000superficial yards. Thebeds
Thusthemiddlelength,300ft. long,of thepontoonfloor ever,canbeusedeitherfor illuminatingor power,the for treatingthesewageproperwill probablycover6446
couldbe castadrift andtherestof thestructuresunk leadsfor the two generating plantsbeingarrangedso superficialyards,andthesewill be capableof passing
until thedetachedpart, floatingon thesurfaceof the that they are mutuallyinterchangeable.They use 150gallonspersuperficial yardperday. If two-thirds
of area workedat one time, the systemwill
is
e

water, is brought level with a positionhigh up on steamsuppliedby theirownboilers.

t

beableto dealwith 6-14,266 gallonsper day,or nearly

the walls, to which it would be attached. By The bottomof the pontoon protectedby series doublethe volumewhich has now to be treated. A
is

pumpingout the water that had beenadmittedto of greenheartkeels, as possiblethe dock ma margin allowedto coverstormexigencies.An ex
is
it

is
Y

sink thestructure,themiddlelengthwouldberaised groundat low water. The bottom of the harbour of between 13,000l. and14,0001. proposed to

is
and its underpart would be accessible.It will be at Bermuda of coral. The top decks are teak pgnditure incurred.
is

seen,therefore,that the connections of thefivemain planked, and arrangements are made for catching
componentparts of the dock have to be adjustable.rain-water,as freshwater somewhat scarcein Ber OURLOC0l\IOTl\'E E.\‘i=0i<"rs.~The newyear hascom
is

The side walls are attached to the pontoonsby muda. The piimpin machineryof thedockhasbeen menced favourablyfor theexportlocomotive trade,the
doublefish-platesand taperedpins, to take which providedand erecte by the WallrendSlipway and valueof the enginesshippedduringthe monthhaving
there are steel lugs built into the structure,both EngineeringCompany,theenginesand pumpsbeing been147,73-4l., as comparedwith 13l,818lin January,
1901, and146,107l. inJanuary,1900.TheIndiandemand
of the walls and the pontoons. It will he readily madebyMessrs. AllenandCo.,of Bedford.Theelectric wassatisfactory in January, the shipmentsduringthe
understoodthat iii a dock designedto makea trip machineryand the cranesare by Messrs. Clarke, monthbeingvaluedat 52,163l., ascompar-ed with40.72-fl.
acrosstheAtlantic this part of the constructionhas Chapman,and Gurney, of Gateshead, the samefirm and40,3sl1l.An increased numberof engines werealso
receivedspecialattention. The designershave,how havingsuppliedthesteamcapstanson thetop deck. forwarded in Januaryto SouthAfrica,theirvaluebeing
ever,experience to goupon,not only in regardto the It will, perhaps,beof interest we makefurther returned at 26,65-11., ascompared with40701. and 2G.106l.
if

old BermudaDock, but with someothers; among referencehereto the big Americandockalreadymen On theotherhand,theAustralasian demand for British
which maybe mentionedthe StettinDock,built for tioned, which was completedlast year, and which locomotives appeartohavefallenoff duringthelashtwo
the Vulcan Com any, and the HavanaDock, both was"builtin the UnitedStates,at the MarylandSteel years,the shipments in Januarybeingvaluedat 10.160I.,
constructedby essrs.Swan and Hunter, to thede Company’syardat Sparrow’sPoint, to thedesignsof ascompared with7476!. and33, 0 831. TheSouth American
l\'

signsof Messrs.Clark andStandfield,andbothof over Messrs. Clark and Standfield. Although the new demand remained aboutstationaryin January, as com
paredwith January,1901 but showeda considerable
it

10,000 tonsliftingpower. structurein length fallingoffascompared

;

BerniudaDockexceeds theAmerican withJanuary,1900.

Thepontoonsare, as stated,threein number. In .by20ft.andin weightby650tons,thelatterhasgreater
2,

theplan,Fig. on the two-pageplate,thedivisions liftingcapacity.It hasrecentlyliftedtheUnitedStates OURCour. ABROAD.—T118 exportsof coal from the
betweenthemare plainly shown. The endpontoonsbattleshipIllinois, a vesselof 11,565tons displace UnitedKingdom—t-he expression “coal” includingalso
areeach120ft. long,andhaveeach71ft. ofthelength ment. This, howcver,waswell within its powers,as coke,cinders,andpatentfuel—inJanuary amounted to
rectangular in plan,theremainingpart beingbevelled up to pontoonlevelit will raise 18,000tons; and 3,173,774 tons,as comaredwith 3206.235 tonsin 1901,
if

oil in a waythatwill facilitatetowing. The sidesof the " pound” wereutilised,thecapacitycould bein and3,087,532 tonsin snuary,1900.Theprincipalcon
the rectangular part of the pontoonsare built up so creasedup to 20,000tons. Comparingthe two tributions madctothesetotalswerethe following
:

as to form broadaltar standing12 ft. abovcthe docks on equal basis, the weight of hull to lift
a.

Country. Jan.,1-‘I02. Jan.,1901.Ja|1.,1000.

,l

deck. The sidewalls are each435ft. long,and, as each 100 tons of vessel 33 tons with the
is

stated,53ft. in. high. Fromtheirbasesup to the American-built dock, and 30 tons with the
3

tons tons tons

altar levelthewidth 13ft. 2in.,buttheyslopeback British structure. It may beaddedthattheAmeri Dcnmar 157,f 144,391
is

148 (I3
yk

1,56.
-85!-87 £05,309 287,050
I.

to the level of the engine deck, where they are can naval authorities have a. somewhatdifferent German
ft. in. through. In order to give sufficientspace methodof docking to that followedin this country; Spain France .. .. ..l 640 724 681,114 seeker
1
9

.. .. . resfor 200,122; 230,013

0

for the boilersthesidesaresponsoned out, thusform how far this affectsthe st-riicturalweight of the Italy.
| I l
. ..

464.891 426,021 390.016

]

. ..
.

ing a chamberwhich 12ft. in. wide. Thereare,as dock wc arc not awarc, though certainlyaffords Egypt. . 1b6,9s1 165,206 1-17,275
is

it
6

shown,two largeopeningsin eachof thesidewalls. a saving in shores. The American plan to

I

}
is

Thesearefor the purposeof admitting ht and air attach to the bottomof the ship exterior longitu It will be seenthat thedecrease in the shipments
li

in
underthe bottomof a vesselwhen(10(:1{E(In some dinals or stout side keels. Rows of blocks are January wasverysmall,notwithstanding that the in
.

docksthey alsoserveasgangwayopeningswhen the placedfor theseas well as the usualblocksfor the fluence of the exportdutyof 1s.per ton nowfelt to
is

structure attachedto the shore by brows. The central keel. As a consequence, the ship sits on a thefull extent. The shipments of coalin Januaryfor
is

endsof the side walls are bevelledoff to carryout broad base,and needsno shoring, exceptingthat theuseof steamers engaged in foreigntradeamounted to
the lines of end pontoonsin order not to aflbrdob requiredfor centering. Our own methodof balanc 1,202, 269tons,ascompared with1,030,165 tonsin January,
structionwhenthedock beingtowed. ing the hull on blocks and then propping by 1901, and913,154 tonsinJanuary,1900.In onewayoran
is

it

The three pontoonsare divided into 40 iimping ti. great numberof raking struts and bilgeshores otheraccordiugly coallefttheshoresof theUnitedhing
divis'oni, andof these32 arcwater-tight. The side will be familiar to most of our readers,and domin Januarytotheextentof-i_376.043tons, ascompared
is

with4,236,400 tonsin January,1901, and4,000,686 tons

walls have also eight water-tightcompartments The Americanplan savestime in in January, 1900. Upon the whole,accordingly,
3.

in shownin Fig. the

each. All these divisions are provided with docking; but in discussingthe merits of the two newyearhascommenced witha larger movement of coal
a

separatepipe, eachwith a valve. All the pipeson systems,an English shipdesignermight sa that
it a.

abroad. The valueof our direct exportsof coal in

eachside lead directlyinto themaindrainof its re shippassesverylittle of her timein dry doc and Januariywas2,09l.33ll as compared with2.612,377l. in
,

spectiveside. Therearefour18-in.ceitrifugalpumps betterthatextraweight ihould be at rest in one January,1901, and2,233,331 in January,1900.

ii
I
 N

-F
F
F

D
D

G
G

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IK
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L
SEL. AT IN OR BERMUDA.

S.
#.

C.
CONSTRUCTED BY MESSRS. SWAN AND HUNTER, LIMITED, WALLSEND ON TYNE.

(For Description,
see Page212.)

\ --
|.* * 2
|

----~~
ENGINEERING, FEBRUARY 14, 1902.

SE L F-D OC K ING F L O AT ]

CONSTRUCTED BY MESSRS. C. S. SWAN AND HUNTER, LIMITED, FROM

(For Descrip.

Capstan. Moorina Shackles--

Port Ioles--------.
Fig.1.
------ ". ----/
Man Holes.........

|
- ~ -

*Do

".
545

III:#####|| 435' -

|
ass:

|| |
| | ||
|
Fig.2.

-
*.*.s. MAJesric "----
-
*.*.s. Powerful"------- (zezi.a.)

~
-
...”

|-
Fig.

-
DIMENSIONS.

LENGTHOF DoCK 545FT. -350

LENGTHOF END PONTooNs 120FT.
LENGTHof MIDDLE PoNTooN 300FT.
- |-- 75
|

WIDTH BETwBENFENDERs... 100FT.

W1DTHof PONTooNs 96 F.T.
* ;

-- | |
, :

HEIGHT OF VERTICALWALLs 53 FT. IN. -

3

H90;
LENGTH 3* 3* 435F.T.
; $ 3.
$$ $

L D.|

THICKNEssOF WALLs 13 FT. IN.

1

-
-
*

ToTAL WIDTH OF STRUCTURE 126FT. *:::

LIFTING PoweR UP To DECK Level 15,500TONs. ##–+––––
#
...

ExTREME LIFTING PoweR 17,500TONs.

=
...

WEIGHT OF HULL 6,500TONs.

*
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.

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as : r#
#
|

-
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--------------------------------------->y-------------------
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|

+------------------------
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£7:21.8) "Lift" "U

G DOCK FOR B ERM U D A.
HE DESIGNS OF MESSRS. CLARK AND STANDFIELD, ENGINEERS, LONDON.

see Page 212.)

III IIIIIII III |

|
|
||
|
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|

|
|
|
|||
-

* =

=
#==

H.M.S. “MAJESTIC.”
arkdah ------------------------------. +
LENGTH... 390FT.

ert. - BEAM
DRAUGHT
75 FT.
27 FT. 6 IN.

= DISPLACEMENT... 15,000ToNs.
|T

H.M.S. ‘ POWERFUL.”

LENGTH... 500FT.
BEAM 71 FT.
j DRAUGHT 27 FT.
DISPLACEMENT
... 14,200ToNs.
 W2 ENGINEERING. [MAY 2, 1902.
impossiblefor the promotersof an undertakingof spindles are carried vertically up to the engine
suchmagnitudeto recoup their shareholdersin the deck, where ball bearingstake the weight of the
PUMPING ENGINE FOR THE HITCHIN
short period allowedby the TramwaysAct. discsandshafts. They aredriveneachby separate 50 WATER WORKS.

a
For these, amongstother, reasons, it is aub horse-power compound horizontalengine,workingon Wi-2illustrate this week,on pages566and 567,

a
mitted that the section undernotice is obsoleteas its side, thecrankshaft o f the engine beingin thesame engineconstructed for the Hitchin \Vater
applied to electric tramways,and that the period line astheshaftof thepump. As water in Bermuda pumping Vorks by Messrs.Hayward-Tylerand Co., of 90-9'2,
somewhatscarce, condenseri fittedtotheengines. VVhitecross-street, E.C., the designsfor which were

is

s
a
after which the powerof compulsorypurchasemay This placedin a separateroom below the boiler got out under the directionof Mr. Davy, the

is

J.
be exercisedshould not be fixed by a public room. The main boilersare of the ordinary marine engineerto the HitchinWater\Vorks,Mr. R. Phillips,
generalAct, but should always be determinedby type,9ft. in. by 10ft. in. They are arrangedto of Luton, beingtheconsultingengineer.The design

is
9
6
the private Act after deliberation in Committee, supplysteamto theelectriclight en inesandcapstans,wellshownby ourillustrationonpage567andby the
or by the Light Railway Act Commissioners. as well as to themainengines. herearealsofour generalarrangement

3,
asshownin Figs. to page566.

1
It is satisfactory to know that in considering auxiliaryboilersof the vertical type for driving the The en inehasa singlesteamcylinder, 121in. in
applicationsundersection11of the Light Railways electricplantand capstanswhenthemain boilersare diameter 24-in. stroke, which coupledto

is
a
y

is a
Act, 1896,the Light Railway Commissionershave not in steam. At the ends of the engine-rooms double-cranked flywheelshaft. The pump,which

a.
takena broaderview of this question. By seeking sectionof the wall divided off by bulkheadsto coupledto thesecondcrank, double-acting, andhas

is
is

u.
owersunder that Act, which, if a Bill now before formwatertanks. Thesearepartly fedby rain-water barrel 101} in. in diameterby 12in. stroke. The
pipes, which collect all the rain falling on top of construction of the piston for this pump clearly

is
arliament is in the present sessionis to

9,
shownin Figs. and whilst Figs. to showin
continue for another five years, undertakershave the walls. The coal bunkersare arrangedbetweendetailthedesign

6
themain boilers. In the sameroomas the auxiliary of thepumpbarrelandvalves. The
upon severaloccasionsobtaineda 35 years’,and in boilersthe capstanengine placed. The shaft latter are of the double-beattype with india-rubber

is

it is
one instancea 50years’,monopoly of the tramway carriedup throughtheto deck of thewall, where bufferrings on the outlet valvesso as to insure

a
service. terminatesin a capstan theordinarytype. In each promptclosingof the valvesat theendof thedelivery

is o
wall of the dockthere 12-unitdynamoandengine stroke.

a
for lightingall partsof thedock. The engine fitted with jet condenser, andthe

is

a
FLOATING DOCKS. The connectionof the branchpipes and the main air pum workeddirect from the tail end of the

is
Is our issueof February 14 lastwe illustratedand drain madethroughadirectlifting valve,thespindle pump-r Thesteamvalvesareof theMeyervariable
is

.
describedthegreatfloatingdockrecentlybuilt for the of which carried u to the underside of the to expansion type,thecut-ofl‘beingcontrolledby high
is

a
AdmiraltybyMessrs.C. S. SwanandHunter,Limited, deckof thewall; and meansof suitablebell-cran speedequilibriumgovernor. A specimen of the indi

y
of Wallsend-on-Tyne, to the designsof Messrs.Clark arrangementsthewholeof thevalveson onesideof cater cards obtained illustrated in Fig. 10. The

is
and Standfield,of ll, Victoria-street,¥Vestininster.the dock can be operatedby one man in the valve initial steampressurein this case was 65 lb. per
\Ve then statedthat we should give further details housewithouthavingto shift his position. Branches squareinch, therevolutions60perminute,thecut-off
of this importantstructure,andwe are now able to from the maindrainare led throughthe backof the 0.22of thestroke,andthevacuum27;}in. of mercury.
carry out our intentionthroughthe courtesyof the wall for the purposeof admittingwater. The inlets The contract requirements were that the engine
designers and buildersof thedock. of thesebranchesare guarded by flap valves and shouldraise25,000gallonsof waterper houragainsta

~
On the two-pageplate of our presentissuewegive cagesoutsidethe dock,andordinaryKingston valves. totalheadof 150ft. (vertical),includingsuctionlift and
(Figs. 1 to 10) severalviewsillustrating the design. The spindlesof thelatterare carriedu to the topof thefrictionin thepipes,with steamat boilerpressure

a
Fig. 1 is a longitudinalsectionshowingthe arrange the wall on the inside of thedock. hepumpdis of 55lb. to 65lb. per squareinch,and vacuumnot

a
mentof the unipiiigmachinery. Fig. 2 is a planof charges,whichare also led throughthe backof the lessthan27iii. of mercury.Theconsumtionof steam
the engine eck; Fig. 3 a transversesection; Figs. walls, are similarly protected by flap valves and wasnot to exceed700lb. per hour for aboveduty

e
t
4 to 9 partial cross-sectional elevationson the plans Kingstonvalves. perhour. The enginehasnowbeenrunningfor some
indicatedby the letters; and Fig. l0 a plan of the The dockwill shortlybetowedround to the Med time, raisingthe quantity of water per hour above
condenser-room.In our formernoticewe avea r way,whereshewill betested,andis expectedto reach statedagainst headrangingup to 155ft. to 160ft.

a
thud

s ctiveviewof thestructure,takenafew aysbeore Bermudaduringtheforthcomingsummer. The usual vacuumhas been27.5in., and the steam
launch andwearenow able to show the actual consumptionhas beenbelowtheguarantee of 7001b.
;

launch at Wallsend in Fig. ll on page 563,our perhour.

illustrationbeingtakenfrom anexcellentphotograph Gsimau COAL-l\11N1NG.—Tl1B productionof coal in
by Mr. Parry, of South Shields, taken, however, Germany lastyearwas108,417,029 tons,ascompared with
under somewhatadverseconditions,as the sky was 109,290,237 tonsin 1900, showinga falling off of 873,208 KsLi.r’s Dmu('ronr or MERCHANTS,Massimi
overcastby a heavysnowcloud;in fact, only ceasedtons.59,618,900 The Dortmunddistrictcontributed 58,447,657 tons ruanasANDSHIPPERS.—Tl1B scopeof thisbook sug

is
it

and tons respectivelyto thesetotals. The gestedby thefactthat hasover3700pages.and is

it

it
snowingasthedockleft the ways. average priceobtained lastyearwasas nearlyaspossibleissued Kelly’sDirectories. Limited,182,183,and184,
b
Our furtherillustrationson page578show similar per ton, as compared with 83.10d.per ton in High olborn,London, W.C., who have splendid
a

a
dock, built also to the designs of Messrs. Clark Qgbéid. . reputation foraccuracy in suchcompilations.This the

is
1

and Standfield,by the Maryland SteelCom ny, of sixteentheditionof the book,whichincludesnot only
Sparrow’sPoint, Baltimore, for the Unite States CONTINI-IN'l‘AL Sl.ERPlNG-C.-\RS.—TlJi5 companycom recordsof customs,duties,and detailsof importsand
lovernment,andwhich now at Algiers, near New mencedits careerin 1878,and in that year yielded exports,but, underthe nameof eachcountry,lists of
is

it

Orleans. The latterstructurewas completedin Oc its shareholdersreturnof per cent. In 1879this themanufacturers andimporters of everykindof goods,
a

per cent., in 1880to per whileindicesuiake

5§

tober of last ear, and was towed from Baltimore return was carriedto ssibleto turn at onceto any
it
6
7}

round the At antic coast and acrossthe Gulf of cent.,in 1881to percent.,and in 1882and 1883to town,ortoascertain un er anytradeall thereferences to
7

Mexico, arriving at its destinationon November4. percent. In 1884, 1885,1886, and 1887therewasa drop the manufacturers and importersin eachtown. The
5Q

percent.,but1888 witnesseda rally to toabout2000pages theLondon,

somewhatmore powerful than the to cent. foreignsectionextends
5

This dock
r

;
is

For 1889 and1890 thereturnwas percent. n 1892 English,Scotch,andWelsh,Ireland,and ChannelIsles

it6§

35it

Bermuda.Dock, as has a lifting power of 18,000sunkto percent.,and in 1893 furtherdeclinedto

it

sections toabout1200 pages It wouldhavebeenbetter

5

tons the American Governmentspecifying that percent. In 1894i oncemoreralliedto percent.,and badall theseBritishIslesbeenunderoneclassification.
6 t
;

when lifting 15,000-tonbattleshipthere should in 1895

s.

and1896 to per cent. For 1897 dividendof VVenoteseveralomissions underarmour-plate manufac

a

he a freeboard of ft. The Bermuda Dock, oneof percent.,andfor turers; for instance,Armstrong-Whitworth
6§

percent.waspaid,for 1898 arenot in

2

it will be remembered,has a lifting power of 1899oneof percent. For 1900 and 1901theordinary eluded. Britishconsuls in foreigncountrieshave high
L7

a
16,500tons. The Americanstructureis, however, shareholders, aswehavejuststated, received nothing.The opinionof theworthof thebook.
somewhatlighterthanourown structure,the weight business of thecompanyhasgreatlyextended durin the
of hull being 5850tons, as against6500tonsfor the last23years. In 1878thenumberof carriages owne was Tun INSTITUTION or ruioii EucmnIiis.—0nSaturday
J

BermudaDock. This gives lifting powerof 100tons 64; in 1888, 2 23;andin 1898, 545. In 1899thecarriageafternoon, April 26,a largepartyof the members were
a

stockfurther increased to674,

for every33tonsof dock for theAmericanstructure, year declinedto 752. It shouldbe observed a nd in 1900 to 776. Last enabled by thecourtesof theBoardof theCorporation,
that the to visit the Trinit oiiseDepotat Blackwall. Under
it

as against100tonslifted for every39tonsof ourown mainexplanation of the suspension of dividendsfor the the guidance of r. John Williams,the superintendent,
dock. The length over all of the Algiers dock
is

lasttwoyears tobefoundin the policyadoptedby the andotherofficers, a complete inspection wasmade. The
is

525ft., and the clearwidth 100ft. The Bermuda boardof charginglargeamounts off for redemption pur partyalsowentonboardthelightshiplyingalongside the
dock, will be remembered, 20ft. longer. In poses.Up to 1896inclusive,the amountcarriedto re wharf,the holi-airenginesfor air-compressing andthe
is
it

order to get the requiredfreeboardfor the Algiers serves andwrittenoffforredemption wasalwayslessthan otherappliances beingshownin operation.Afterleavin
dockthe pontoonshad to be 17ft. 6,?in. deep. 80,000l. perannum butsince1896theannualallocationsthewharf the party proceeded toGreen'sdrydock,an
;

The generalarrangement of machinery muchthe undertheseheadshavebeenas follows:1897,81,7471.wereshownoverthe Trinity Housetwin-screw steamer

is

same in both docks, thoughour own somewhat1898, l96,ti~l0l.;1899,339,039l.; 1900, 19l,785I.; and 1901,Irene. For all thespecialarrangements whichhadbeen
is

moreelaboratein detail. The Al riersdock attached l03,830l. Theworkingexpenses andthecharge forinterest madeforthereception of themembers, theirthankswere
is

andobligations have alsoincreased v erymuch duringthe expressed bythechairman,

totheshoreby two pivotedandIiinged booms,which last five years. In 1878the revenueof the companydispersed.The worksho consistof superintendent's Mr. P. Marshall, beforethey
serveasgangways, asshownin Fig. 12. By man<cuvramounted to 29,817l.; in 1888 hadrisento 140,935l.; and clerks’oflices,engine-ouse,carpenters’ andpattern
it

ing with themooringchainsitcanbeswungagainsta andin 1898 hadfurtheradvanced to4l3,522l.Thework makers',smiths’,boiler-makers’, coppersmiths’, lamp
it

stagingon the shorewhen the ship lifted. This ingexpenses in 1878were15,992!in 1888, 69,681l.; and makers’,fitting and erectingshops,chain-cable,
is

and
;

dock has beentestedby lifting every part of itself in 1898, 206,762t.Theexperience of thelashthreeyears generalprovinghouse,and gas-works for makingoil
clearoutof the water andalsoby lifting the Illinois. has beenas follows:1899—receipts, ~l81,595l.; working gas, and compressingi for buoyillumination. The
t
;

Our show this battleshipbertliedand expenses,244,747l.; 1900—receipts, 573,327l.; working plantconsists of 16nominalhorse-power horizontal non
a

‘illustrations
llfl'.6( expenses, 29l,602l.; 1901-receipts, 551.887l.; workingex condensing steamengine,andtoolsof theordinarykind,
The followingdetailsrefer to tho BermudaDock: penses,321,503l.The company
.

established few years suitableforthespecialrequirements of theservice.The

a

The machineryinstallation in two identicalhalves, sincetrainsde[nave betweenthe northof Germanyand worksexecuted includerepairsto the machinery of the
is

theMediterranean coast: thesetrainsweremultipliedto Corporation’s steamvsssels (11in number), theilluminat

one in eachwall of the dock. It consistsof boilers, an extentto whichactualtrafiicrequirements did not ingandfogsignalmachinery, andapparatus oflighthouses,
enginesfor pumps,electriclight andpowerplant,and respond,and nowproposedto reducethem. The lightvessels, andlightedbeacons and buoys repairsto
is
it

the centrifugalpumpswhichejectthe waterfromthe companyhasrecentlyestablisheda serviceof sleepingdaybeacons andbuoys; conversion of wornchaincables

dockin lifting ship. These,with the pipes,valves, carsfrom Madrid to Carthagena, and fromMadrid to fromlight vesselsto buoyservice,&c. The numberof
a

and valve-liftinggear,comprisethe major portionof Valencia. Another serviceof “sleepers”has been workmen employed is,onanaverage, about150.A 10-ton
themachinery,andtheir positionsare well shownin established betweenSh.Petersbur and Riga. A Swiss steamtravellingcrane employedfor liftingthebuoys,
is

our illustrations. Starting from the bottom,it will expresshasalsobeenestablished tweenOstendand sinkers,and otherheavyweights. The buoy store
is

be noticedthat all the pipesbranchfrom maindrain Lucerne, on the onehand,and LucerneandtheEnga surmounted by two lighthouselanterns, whichare used
a

running along the bottomof the wall of the dock. dine on the other. A furtherserviceof sleeping-cars for experimental purposes in connection with lightsand
Seateddirectlyon the main drain are the I6-in. cen has beeninaugurated thismonthbetween Innsbruckand fogsignals. Immediately abovethebuoystore long,
is
a

Zurich. A Romeexpresshasbeenextended toN darkchamber, usedin testingphotometrically thepowers

trifugal pumps,four in number,in each wall. They Anotherexpress in contemplation between Ham aples.
urg of differentkindsof burnersandap ratus. A wrought
is

are placedlow down, so that they may be always andAmsterdam ontheonehandandGenoaontheother, iron crane attachedto one of_t lanterns for firing
is

flooded. Theyare of the horizontaltype,and their rid theSt. Gotliard, explosive fogsignalcharges elrctrically.
ENGINEERING, MAY *)
2, 1902.

MACHINERY ON SELF-DOCKING
CONSTRUCTED BY MESSRS. C. S. SWAN AND HUNTER, LIMITED, WALLSEND-ON-TYN

(For Descript

AL ELEvaTron.

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SECT*on
B-B
 FLOATING DOCK FOR BERMUDA.
E, FROM THE DESIGNS OF .\IE-SSRS. CLARK AND STANl)Fl]~ILl), ENGINEERS, LONDON

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 5753 ENGINEERING. [MAY2, 1902.

FLOATING DOCK AT ALGIERS, NEW ORLEANS, U.SA.

CONSTRUCTED BY THE MARYLAND STEEL CO., BALTIMORE, U.S.A., FROM THE DESIGNS OF MESSRS. CLARK AND STANDFIELD, LONDON.
(For Description,seePage 572)