USOO6129122A

United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 6,129,122

Bilisik (45) Date of Patent: Oct. 10, 2000
54 MULTIAXIAL THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3-D) A. Kadir Bilisik et al., “Multiaxial 3-D Weaving Machine
CIRCULAR WOVEN FABRIC and Properties of Multiaxial 3-D Woven Carbon/Epoxy
Composites,' 39th International SAMPE Symposium, p.
75 Inventor: A. Kadir Bilisik, Raleigh, N.C. 868–883 (Apr. 11, 1994).
A. Kadir Bilisik et al., “Textile Structural Composites:
73 Assignee: 3TEX, Inc., Cary, N.C. Properties of Multiaxial Three Dimensional Woven Carbon/
Eposy Composites,” p. 448-455, (Jun. 16, 1997).
21 Appl. No.: 09/334,406 A. Kadir Bilisik, “Balistik Kumaslarda Yapi-Ozellik
22 Filed: Jun. 16, 1999 Iliskilleri, p. 40–47.
Paul G. Rolincik, Jr., “Autoweave TM-A Unique Automated
51 Int. Cl." - B03D 41/00 3D Weaving Technology”, SAMPE Journal, p. 40–47, (Sep./
52 U.S. Cl. ........................ 139/11; 139/1 R; 139/DIG. 1 Oct., 1987).
58 Field of Search ......................... 139/1 R, 11, DIG. 1 Primary Examiner John J. Calvert
ASSistant Examiner Robert H. Muromoto, Jr.
56) References Cited 57 ABSTRACT
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS A three-dimensional multiaxial circular woven fabric of a
3,719,210 3/1973 Emerson et al..
generally cylindrical shape having a core defined therein
3,719,212 3/1973 Emerson et al.. about a central axis. A plurality of concentric axial yarn
3,993,817 11/1976 Schultz. layerS eXtend radially outwardly in Spaced-apart relationship
4,080,915 3/1978 Bompard et al.. from the central axis, and each of the layers comprises a
4,183,232 1/1980 Banos et al.. plurality of axial yarns extending parallel to the central axis
4,346,741 8/1982 Banos et al.. of the fabric. A plurality of radially spaced-apart circumfer
5,085.252 2/1992 Mohamed et al.. ential yarns extend outwardly from the central axis of the
5,091,246 2/1992 Yasui et al.. fabric and define a plane Substantially perpendicular thereto,
5,465,760 11/1995 Mohamed et al.. and each of a Selected number of the plurality of circum
OTHER PUBLICATIONS ferential yarns is woven between a corresponding plurality
of next adjacent and Successive concentric axial yarn layers.
A. Kadir Bilisik, “Multiaxial Three-Dimensional (3-D) A plurality of radial yarns is provided in the fabric wherein
Circular Weaving and Multiaxial 3-D Circular Woven Pre each of a Selected number of the radial yarns is woven
forms for Composite.” Advanced Multilayered and Fibre between a corresponding plurality of next adjacent and
Reinforced Composites, p. 477-487, (Jan. 16, 1998). Successive axial yarns and each axial yarn layer of a plurality
M.H. Mohamed et al., “Design of a Multiaxial 3-D Weaving of concentric yarn layers. Thus, each pair of radial yarns
Machine.” International Conference on Recent Advances in contains a radially extending row of axial yarns therebe
Mechatronics, (Aug. 14, 1995). tween that includes a single axial yarn from each of a
plurality of next adjacent radially spaced-apart axial yarn
A. Kadir Bilisik et al., “Properties of Multiaxial and 3-D layers.
Orthogonal Woven Carbon/Epoxy Composites, Textile and
Fiber Reinforced Composites, p. 85-92. 15 Claims, 127 Drawing Sheets
circumferential yarn (6)
circumferentiot yarns (16)

-45 yarns (12)

1. yarns
circumferential
(6)

circumferentiol
yarns (16) SN. SS
S.
U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2000 Sheet 1 of 127 6,129,122

circumferentiol
yarns (16)

F A

6 :
23);
SWXX2.

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3S, CS YC as
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U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2000 Sheet 5 of 127 6,129,122

wr OO

FIG, 2d
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FIG, 3
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FIG, 3G
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U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2000 Sheet 10 of 127 6,129,122

18

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centrol
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FG, 70 FIG, 7
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FIG, 8
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142 140 140 132 132 15

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U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2000 Sheet 24 of 127 6,129,122

164
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FIG, 4-2
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FIG, 4g
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FIG, 5G
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FIG, 5h
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FIG, 6d
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FIG, 6h
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FIG, 7b-2
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FIG, 7h
U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2000 Sheet 97 of 127 6,129,122

FIG, 7h-2
U.S. Patent Oct. 10, 2000 Sheet 98 of 127 6,129,122

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