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Design Of Superstructure

CONTENTS( Part B)

Chapter No. Description Page No.

1 Introduction
2 Design philosophy
3 Design data
4 Analysis Results
( i ) Longitudinal Analysis
5 Cable profile
6 Loss calculation
I . Friction and slip
ii. Creep losses
iii. Shrinkage losses
iv. Relaxation losses
v. Elastic shortening
7 Stress check
8 Temperature stress check
9 Ultimate strength calculation

Annexure
A Section prpperties
B Transverse analysis and design
C End block design
D End diaphgram design
E Bearing forces
F Staad input
i. Longitudinal
ii. Transverse
Chapter 1
Design philosophy

1 DESCRIPTION OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE

GEOMETRY
Carriageway Width 7.5 m
Overall width 10 m
Width of Crash Barrier 0.45 m
Kerb width 1.25 m
Cross slope 2.5% Unidirectional
Thickness of wearing course 100 mm
C/C of the Bearings 40 m
Soffit width of box girder 6m
Depth of Box girder 2.5 m
Concrete Grade M 45
Reinforcement steel Grade Fe 500

Bridge span arrangement


Bridge length (c/c of exp. gap) 42 m
Span Arrangement (c/c of bearing.) 40 m

2 DESIGN STANDARDS
2.1 Codes & Standards

The design of various components of the bridge, in general are based on provisions of IRC/IS
Codes. Wherever IRC code is silent, reference is made to other Indian/International codes and
standards. The list of IRC Codes (latest revisions) given below will serve as a guide for the design
of structures.

IRC: 5-1998 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section I
– General Features of Design.

IRC: 6-2010 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section-II
– Loads and Stresses\

IRC: 21-2000 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section-III
– Cement Concrete.

IRC: 18-2000 Design Criteria for Prestressed Concrete Road Bridges (Post Tensioned
Concrete) (Third Revision).
3 LOADING

3.1 Dead Load (DL)


Unit weight for Dead loads calculation shall be considered by adopting unit weights as per IRC:6

3.2 Super Imposed Dead Load (SIDL)


Unit weight for superimposed dead load shall be in conformity with IRC :6. For calculating the
dead weight due to wearing coat, thickness of 100mm shall be taken considering future overlay.
3.3 Carriageway and safety Kerb Live Load (LL)
Two Lanes of Class A or one Lane of Class 70R conforming to IRC 6-2000 shall be considered in
analysis and which ever producing severe effect shall be considered in design.
3.4 Creep and Shrinkage
Provisions of IRC 18 for creep and shrinkage is followed for prestressing losses with time.

4 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

4.1 Longitudinal Analysis of the PSC Box Girder


The analysis has been done using STAAD Pro software. For logitudinal analysis line anlaysis has
been performed and tansverse analysis is performed by using centreline model.

5 PRESTRESSING
Prestressing tendon profiles for various tendons are developed by giving input at control points
and smooth parabolic curves are fit with the geometry.

Basic Design Considerations


It is proposed to use 19T13 tendons conforming to Class 2 of IS 14268 (low relaxation strands)
with Corrugated HDPE sheathing for prestressing

Values of friction and wobble coefficient (m and k) for prestressing strands shall be considered as
m = 0.17 and k = 0.0020. Refer Table 5 IRC : 18-2000.

Relaxation losses shall be computed considering relaxation loss of 4.5% at 0.8 UTS and 2.5% at
0.7 UTS for intermediate values, linear interpolation shall be done

Ultimate resistance in flexure shall be checked against yielding of steel and against crushing of
concrete as per Cl-12 of IRC: 18.

Maximum jack pressure shall be considered as 76.5% of ultimate force


Section cracked or uncracked in flexure has been decided on the basis of whether the maximum
ultimate capacity in shear is governed by cracked or uncracked capacity. Where uncracked
capacity governs the relief due to prestressed force shall be added to the shear capacity of the
section obtained based on CL. 14.15 of IRC: 18.

The stresses shall be checked for 20% higher time dependent losses like creep shrinkage,
relaxation etc. as per Cl. 7.2.4 of IRC: 18

Duct diameter (Internal) is considered as 90 mm. Clear cover protecting Cable from the nearest
concrete surface is kept as 75mm as per IRC: 18-2000.

22 nos of 19T13 tendons are proposed. Stressing of tendons shall be done in two stages , first at
14 days after the casting of soffit slab and web and second at 28 days after the casting of deck
slab.

6 LOAD COMBINATION
Load combination has been done as per Table – 1 clause 202.3 of IRC - 6 : 2000 and clause 5.2
IRC 18 : 2000

7 STRESS CHECKS
Stresses are checked at different locations in various load combinations as per IRC - 6 : 2000 and
IRC 18 : 2000
Chapter 3
Design data

Structural data
Type of superstructure PSC Box Gider (Single cell)
Type of expansion joint Strip seal type
Type of bearing Elastomeric bearing
Erection
Prestress Post-tensioning
Jack type 1800 MG Multipull jack
Type of sheathing Corrugated HDPE (85mm ID, min 2.5 mm thick )
Statical system Simply supported

Dimensional system
Span c/c of expansion joint 42 m
Span c/c of bearing 40 m
Depth of superstructure 2.5 m
thickness of wearing coat 0.1 m
Overall deck width 10 m
Carriage-way width 7.5 m
Crash barrier width 0.45 m
kerb width width 1.25
Median NO

Material
Grade of concrete superstructure M 45
crash barrier M 40
approach slab M 30

Concrete of superstructure
characteristic strength of concrete fck 45 N/mm2
Equivlaent cylinder strength 0.8fck 36 N/mm2
Age at transfer 14 days
Concrete strength at transfer fci 36 N/mm2
Unit weight 24 KN/m3
2
Modulus of elasticity Ec 33541 N/mm
2
Modulus of elasticity at transfer Eci 30000 N/mm

Prestressing strand
Stress relieved 7-ply class 2 low-relaxation strands (IS 14268)
Nominal dia 12.7 mm
2
Area/strand 98.7 mm
Breaking load/strand 183.7 Mpa
Ultimate tensile strength fpk 1861.2 Mpa
0.1% proof strength 1582.0 Mpa
Maximum jack pressure 1423.8 Mpa
Relaxation grade low relaxation
Prestressing tendon
Type of cable 19 T 13
No of cables in web 6
No of cables in soffit slab 5

Cable no. Prestressing stage No of Area Prestressing force


strand
1 to 6 Stage 1 19 1875.3 2670 KN
7 to10 Stage 2 19 1875.3 2670 KN
cable no 11 in soffit is partially prestressed 1335 KN

frcition coefficient m 0.17


wooble coefficient k 0.0020
slip 0.006 mm
2
modulus of elasticity 195000 N/mm

Stage of prestressing
1st stage@ 14 days
number of tendons 6
2nd stage @ 28 days
number of tendons 5
Prestressign from both ends

Critical loading stages for Analysis


Stage 1 prestressing @ 14 days
Stage 2 prestressing @ 28 days
SIDL addition@ 50 days
At service 5000 days

Permissible stresses in concrete


at transfer of prestress
Stage 1
Allowable compressive stress 18
Allowable tensile stress -1.8
Stage 2
Allowable compressive stress 22.5
Allowable tensile stress -2.25

At Service :
Allowable compressive stress 15
Allowable tensile stress 0

Sign convention
ecentricity of tendon,e +ve below centroid of concrete section
-ve above centroid of concrete section
Bending Moment +ve hogging moment
-ve sagging moment
Stresses +ve compressive
-ve tensile
Units
Units for bending moment, force, stress and distance are to be taken as kNm, kN, Mpa and m
respectively unless otherwise mentioned.
Chapter 4
Analysis results

4.1 Bending moment and shear force results of D.L and SIDL.
Dead Load SIDL Section Modulus in m3 Dist from
Node Fy KN Mz KNm L/C Fy KN Mz KNm Zb Zt c/l supp.
1 1 3436 0 2 1278 0 5.61 6.13 Support
2 -2651 12174 -1022 4601 5.61 6.13
<----L/16
2 2 2651 -12174 2 1022 -4601 5.61 6.13
3 -1906 21289 -767 8179 5.07 6.02
<-----L/8
3 3 1906 -21289 2 767 -8179 5.07 6.02
4 -1243 27588 -511 10735 4.34 5.87
<------L/4
4 4 1243 -27588 2 511 -10735 4.34 5.87
5 -622 31317 -256 12269 4.34 5.87
5 5 622 -31317 2 256 -12269 4.34 5.87
6 0 32560 0 12780 4.34 5.87
<-----L/2
6 6 0 -32560 2 0 -12780 4.34 5.87
7 622 31317 256 12269 4.34 5.87
7 7 -622 -31317 2 -256 -12269 4.34 5.87
8 1243 27588 511 10735 4.34 5.87
<------L/4
8 8 -1243 -27588 2 -511 -10735 4.34 5.87
9 1906 21289 767 8179 5.07 6.02
<-----L/8
9 9 -1906 -21289 2 -767 -8179 5.07 6.02
10 2651 12174 1022 4601 5.61 6.13
<----L/16
10 10 -2651 -12174 2 -1022 -4601 5.61 6.13
11 3436 0 1278 0 5.61 6.13 Support

4.2 Reaction summary


Node DL SIDL Class A 70 R DL+SIDL+IF*LL
KN KN KN KN KN
1 1 3630 1278 823 855 5847
2 11 3630 1278 841 787 5831
4.3 Live load analysis result summary without I.F
Beam Node Env 70Rw w/o IF CLASS A w/o IF Section Modulus in m3 Dist from
Fy KN Mz KNm Fy KN Mz KNm Zb Zt c/l supp.
1 1 +ve 855 0 823 0 5.61 6.13
-ve 0 0 0 0 5.61 6.13 <--Supp
1 2 +ve 745 0 701 0 5.61 6.13
-ve -8 -3028 -9 -2857 5.61 6.13
2 2 +ve 745 0 701 0 5.61 6.13 <-- L/16
-ve -8 -3028 -9 -2857 5.61 6.13
2 3 +ve 647 0 592 0 5.07 6.02
-ve -35 -5300 -52 -5096 5.07 6.02
3 3 +ve 647 0 592 0 5.07 6.02 <-- L/8
-ve -35 -5300 -52 -5096 5.07 6.02
3 4 +ve 549 0 483 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -108 -6899 -114 -6718 4.34 5.87
4 4 +ve 549 0 483 0 4.34 5.87 <-- L/4
-ve -108 -6899 -114 -6718 4.34 5.87
4 5 +ve 450 0 375 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -207 -7884 -199 -7722 4.34 5.87
5 5 +ve 450 0 375 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -207 -7884 -199 -7722 4.34 5.87
5 6 +ve 352 0 266 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -305 -8215 -307 -8119 4.34 5.87
6 6 +ve 352 0 266 0 4.34 5.87 <-- L/2
-ve -305 -8215 -307 -8119 4.34 5.87
6 7 +ve 254 0 165 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -403 -7858 -416 -8057 4.34 5.87
7 7 +ve 254 0 165 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -403 -7858 -416 -8057 4.34 5.87
7 8 +ve 160 0 93 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -501 -6797 -525 -7168 4.34 5.87
8 8 +ve 160 0 93 0 4.34 5.87 <-- L/4
-ve -501 -6797 -525 -7168 4.34 5.87
8 9 +ve 77 0 45 0 5.07 6.02
-ve -599 -5118 -633 -5516 5.07 6.02
9 9 +ve 77 0 45 0 5.07 6.02 <-- L/8
-ve -599 -5118 -633 -5516 5.07 6.02
9 10 +ve 23 0 13 0 5.61 6.13
-ve -697 -2794 -741 -3008 5.61 6.13
10 10 +ve 23 0 13 0 5.61 6.13 <-- L/16
-ve -697 -2794 -741 -3008 5.61 6.13
10 11 +ve 0 0 0 0 5.61 6.13
-ve -787 0 -841 0 5.61 6.13 <--Supp
4.4 Live load analysis result summary with I.F
for class A For 70 R
Impact factor = 1.10 Impact factor = 1.10

Beam Node Env 70Rw with IF CLASS A with IF Section Modulus in m3 Dist from
Fy KN Mz KNm Fy KN Mz KNm Zb Zt c/l supp.
1 1 +ve 939 0 903 0 5.61 6.13
-ve 0 0 0 0 5.61 6.13 <--Supp
1 2 +ve 818 0 769 0 5.61 6.13
-ve -8 -3324 -9 -3136 5.61 6.13
2 2 +ve 818 0 769 0 5.61 6.13 <-- L/16
-ve -8 -3324 -9 -3136 5.61 6.13
2 3 +ve 710 0 650 0 5.07 6.02
-ve -39 -5819 -57 -5595 5.07 6.02
3 3 +ve 710 0 650 0 5.07 6.02 <-- L/8
-ve -39 -5819 -57 -5595 5.07 6.02
3 4 +ve 602 0 531 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -119 -7574 -125 -7375 4.34 5.87
4 4 +ve 602 0 531 0 4.34 5.87 <-- L/4
-ve -119 -7574 -125 -7375 4.34 5.87
4 5 +ve 495 0 411 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -227 -8655 -218 -8478 4.34 5.87
5 5 +ve 495 0 411 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -227 -8655 -218 -8478 4.34 5.87
5 6 +ve 387 0 292 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -334 -9018 -337 -8913 4.34 5.87
6 6 +ve 387 0 292 0 4.34 5.87 <-- L/2
-ve -334 -9018 -337 -8913 4.34 5.87
6 7 +ve 279 0 181 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -442 -8627 -457 -8845 4.34 5.87
7 7 +ve 279 0 181 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -442 -8627 -457 -8845 4.34 5.87
7 8 +ve 176 0 102 0 4.34 5.87
-ve -550 -7462 -576 -7870 4.34 5.87
8 8 +ve 176 0 102 0 4.34 5.87 <-- L/4
-ve -550 -7462 -576 -7870 4.34 5.87
8 9 +ve 84 0 49 0 5.07 6.02
-ve -657 -5618 -695 -6055 5.07 6.02
9 9 +ve 84 0 49 0 5.07 6.02 <-- L/8
-ve -657 -5618 -695 -6055 5.07 6.02
9 10 +ve 26 0 15 0 5.61 6.13
-ve -765 -3067 -814 -3302 5.61 6.13
10 10 +ve 26 0 15 0 5.61 6.13 <-- L/16
-ve -765 -3067 -814 -3302 5.61 6.13
10 11 +ve 0 0 0 0 5.61 6.13
-ve -864 0 -923 0 5.61 6.13 <--Supp
Chapter 5
Cable profile

5.1 Vertical ordinates of center line of cable from the soffit of slab.

Cable No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 C.G.S C.G.S

Distance from
Cables in web Cables in soffit slab Stage 1 Stage 2
exp. Joint (m)
0 2.15 1.8 1.45 1.1 0.75 0.4 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 1.28 0.81
1 2.00 1.66 1.34 1.01 0.69 0.37 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 1.18 0.75
2 1.85 1.53 1.24 0.92 0.64 0.35 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 1.09 0.70
3 1.71 1.40 1.15 0.84 0.58 0.33 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 1.00 0.64
4 1.58 1.28 1.06 0.76 0.53 0.31 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.92 0.60
5 1.45 1.17 0.97 0.69 0.49 0.28 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.84 0.55
6 1.33 1.07 0.89 0.62 0.44 0.27 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.77 0.51
7 1.23 0.97 0.81 0.56 0.40 0.25 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.70 0.47
8 1.12 0.88 0.74 0.50 0.36 0.23 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.64 0.43
9 1.03 0.79 0.68 0.44 0.33 0.21 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.58 0.39
10 0.94 0.72 0.62 0.39 0.30 0.20 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.53 0.36
11 0.86 0.64 0.56 0.35 0.27 0.19 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.48 0.33
12 0.79 0.58 0.52 0.30 0.24 0.18 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.43 0.30
13 0.73 0.52 0.47 0.27 0.22 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.39 0.28
14 0.67 0.47 0.43 0.23 0.19 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.36 0.26
15 0.62 0.43 0.40 0.20 0.18 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.33 0.24
16 0.58 0.39 0.37 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.30 0.23
17 0.55 0.36 0.35 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.28 0.21
18 0.52 0.34 0.33 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.27 0.20
19 0.50 0.32 0.32 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.25 0.20
20 0.49 0.31 0.31 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.25 0.19
21 0.485 0.305 0.305 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.25 0.19
5.2 Deviation of alignment in plan

Cable No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Distance from Distance from mid of box girder


exp. Joint (m) 0.10 0.10 -0.08 0.10 -0.08 -0.26 0 0 0 0 0
0 2.700 2.700 2.700 2.700 2.700 2.700 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
1 2.705 2.705 2.696 2.705 2.696 2.687 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
2 2.710 2.710 2.692 2.705 2.692 2.674 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
3 2.715 2.715 2.688 2.705 2.688 2.661 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
4 2.720 2.720 2.684 2.705 2.684 2.648 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
5 2.725 2.725 2.680 2.705 2.680 2.635 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
6 2.730 2.730 2.676 2.705 2.676 2.622 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
7 2.735 2.735 2.672 2.705 2.672 2.609 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
8 2.740 2.740 2.668 2.705 2.668 2.596 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
9 2.745 2.745 2.664 2.705 2.664 2.583 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
10 2.750 2.750 2.660 2.705 2.660 2.570 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
11 2.755 2.755 2.656 2.705 2.656 2.557 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
12 2.760 2.760 2.652 2.705 2.652 2.544 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
13 2.765 2.765 2.648 2.705 2.648 2.531 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
14 2.770 2.770 2.644 2.705 2.644 2.518 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
15 2.775 2.775 2.640 2.705 2.640 2.505 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
16 2.780 2.780 2.636 2.705 2.636 2.492 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
17 2.785 2.785 2.632 2.705 2.632 2.479 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
18 2.790 2.790 2.628 2.705 2.628 2.466 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
19 2.795 2.795 2.624 2.705 2.624 2.453 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
20 2.800 2.800 2.620 2.705 2.620 2.440 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860
21 2.800 2.800 2.620 2.800 2.620 2.440 2.260 1.910 1.560 1.210 0.860

X1

20
5.3 Length of cable

Distance from
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
exp. Joint (m)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2 2.02 2.02 2.01 2.01 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
3 3.03 3.03 3.02 3.01 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00
4 4.04 4.03 4.02 4.01 4.01 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
5 5.05 5.04 5.02 5.02 5.01 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
6 6.06 6.04 6.03 6.02 6.01 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00
7 7.06 7.05 7.03 7.02 7.01 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00
8 8.07 8.05 8.03 8.02 8.01 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00
9 9.07 9.06 9.03 9.02 9.01 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00
10 10.08 10.06 10.04 10.03 10.01 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
11 11.08 11.06 11.04 11.03 11.01 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00
12 12.08 12.07 12.04 12.03 12.01 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
13 13.08 13.07 13.04 13.03 13.01 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00
14 14.08 14.07 14.04 14.03 14.01 14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00
15 15.09 15.07 15.04 15.03 15.01 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00
16 16.09 16.07 16.04 16.03 16.01 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00
17 17.09 17.07 17.04 17.03 17.01 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00
18 18.09 18.07 18.04 18.03 18.01 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00
19 19.09 19.07 19.04 19.03 19.01 19.00 19.00 19.00 19.00 19.00 19.00
20 20.09 20.07 20.04 20.03 20.01 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00
21 21.09 21.07 21.04 21.03 21.01 21.00 21.00 21.00 21.00 21.00 21.00
Length (m) 21.09 21.07 21.04 21.03 21.01 21.00 21.00 21.00 21.00 21.00 21.00
Total length 42.18 42.14 42.08 42.07 42.03 42.01 42.00 42.00 42.00 42.00 42.00
5.4 Angle in elevation

Distance from Eq cabl. Eq cabl.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
exp. Joint (m) for stg 1 for stg 2
0 -0.15 -0.14 -0.11 -0.09 -0.06 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.10 -0.06
1 -0.15 -0.13 -0.10 -0.09 -0.06 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.09 -0.05
2 -0.14 -0.13 -0.10 -0.08 -0.05 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.09 -0.05
3 -0.13 -0.12 -0.09 -0.08 -0.05 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.08 -0.05
4 -0.12 -0.11 -0.09 -0.07 -0.05 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.08 -0.05
5 -0.12 -0.11 -0.08 -0.07 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.07 -0.04
6 -0.11 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.07 -0.04
7 -0.10 -0.09 -0.07 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.06 -0.04
8 -0.09 -0.08 -0.06 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.06 -0.04
9 -0.09 -0.08 -0.06 -0.05 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.05 -0.03
10 -0.08 -0.07 -0.05 -0.05 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.05 -0.03
11 -0.07 -0.06 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.04 -0.03
12 -0.06 -0.06 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.02
13 -0.06 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.02
14 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.03 -0.02
15 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.03 -0.02
16 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.02 -0.01
17 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.02 -0.01
18 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.01
19 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.00
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
5.5 Cumulative angle in radians through which the tangent to the cable profile has turned in elevation.

Distance from
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
exp. Joint (m)
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
9 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
10 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
11 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
12 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
13 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
14 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
15 0.11 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
16 0.12 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
17 0.13 0.12 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
18 0.14 0.12 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
19 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.08 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
20 0.15 0.14 0.10 0.09 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
21 0.15 0.14 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
5.6 Angular deviation in plan

Distance from
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
exp. Joint (m)
0 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0.005 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
1 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
2 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
3 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
4 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
5 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
6 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
7 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
8 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
9 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
10 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
11 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
12 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
13 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
14 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
15 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
16 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
17 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
18 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
19 0.005 0.005 -0.004 0 -0.004 -0.013 0 0 0 0 0
20 2.66E-15 2.66E-15 4.44E-16 0.095 4.44E-16 -1.78E-15 0 0 0 0 0
21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5.7 Cumulative angle in radians through which the tangent to the cable profile has turned in plan.

Distance from
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
exp. Joint (m)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
13 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
16 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 0 0 0 -0.005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 -0.005 -0.005 0.004 0.09 0.004 0.013 0 0 0 0 0
21 -0.005 -0.005 0.004 -0.005 0.004 0.013 0 0 0 0 0
4.6 Tendon elongation

Dist. frm. exp.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Joint (m)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 7.39 7.37 7.34 7.33 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
2 7.38 7.37 7.34 7.33 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
3 7.37 7.36 7.34 7.33 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
4 7.37 7.35 7.33 7.32 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
5 7.36 7.35 7.33 7.32 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
6 7.35 7.34 7.33 7.32 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
7 7.35 7.34 7.32 7.32 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
8 7.34 7.33 7.32 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
9 7.33 7.33 7.32 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
10 7.33 7.32 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
11 7.32 7.32 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
12 7.32 7.32 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
13 7.32 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
14 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
15 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
16 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
17 7.31 7.31 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
18 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
19 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
20 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
21 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.33 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30
Total elogation 154 mm 154 mm 154 mm 154 mm 153 mm 153 mm 153 mm 153 mm 153 mm 153 mm 153 mm
Chapter 6
Loss calculation

6.1 Stage1, Transfer of prestress( 14 days)


Distance Elastic % loss
Creep Shrinkage Relaxatio Friction & Total Residual
from exp. Shortenin
loss loss n loss slip loss losses h Prestress
joint g.
m. Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa
1 0 0 0 7 131 138 10 1221
3.5 0 0 0 7 122 129 9 1230
6 0 0 0 7 112 119 9 1240
11 0 0 0 7 93 99 7 1260
21 0 0 0 7 82 89 7 1270

6.2 Stage 2, Transfer of prestress @ 28 days


Distance Elastic % loss
Creep Shrinkage Relaxatio Friction & Total Residual
from exp. Shortenin
loss loss n loss slip loss losses h Prestress
joint g.
m. Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa KN
1 26 8 12 21 121 188 14 1171
3.5 26 8 12 21 113 181 13 1178
6 26 8 12 21 104 172 13 1187
11 26 8 12 21 87 155 11 1204
21 26 8 12 21 70 138 10 1222

6.3 Stage 3 after additon of SIDL( 50 days)


Distance Elastic % loss
Creep Shrinkage Relaxatio Friction & Total Residual
from exp. Shortenin
loss loss n loss slip loss losses h Prestress
joint g.
m. Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa KN
1 26 15 14 39 121 216 16 1143
3.5 26 15 14 39 113 208 15 1151
6 26 15 14 39 104 199 15 1160
11 26 15 14 39 87 182 13 1177
21 26 15 14 39 70 165 12 1194

6.4 Stage 4 in service condition @ 5000days


Distance Elastic % loss
Creep Shrinkage Relaxatio Friction & Total Residual
from exp. Shortenin
loss loss n loss slip loss losses h Prestress
joint g.
m. Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa KN
1 26 79 44 137 121 406 30 953
3.5 26 79 44 137 113 398 29 961
6 26 79 44 137 104 390 29 969
11 26 79 44 137 87 373 27 986
21 26 79 44 137 70 355 26 1004
Friction and Slip loses

i.1 Prestress after friction loss.


Distance from
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
exp. Joint (m)
0 2670 2670 2670 2670 2670 2670 2670 2670 2670 2670 1335
1 2661 2662 2662 2660 2663 2664 2664 2664 2664 2664 1332
2 2652 2653 2655 2653 2657 2658 2659 2659 2659 2659 1329
3 2644 2645 2647 2646 2650 2652 2653 2653 2653 2653 1327
4 2635 2636 2639 2639 2644 2647 2648 2648 2648 2648 1324
5 2626 2628 2632 2631 2637 2641 2642 2642 2642 2642 1321
6 2618 2620 2624 2624 2631 2635 2637 2637 2637 2637 1318
7 2609 2612 2617 2617 2624 2629 2631 2631 2631 2631 1316
8 2601 2603 2609 2610 2618 2623 2626 2626 2626 2626 1313
9 2592 2595 2602 2602 2611 2617 2620 2620 2620 2620 1310
10 2583 2587 2594 2595 2605 2612 2615 2615 2615 2615 1307
11 2575 2579 2587 2588 2598 2606 2609 2609 2609 2609 1305
12 2566 2571 2579 2581 2592 2600 2604 2604 2604 2604 1302
13 2558 2563 2572 2574 2585 2594 2598 2598 2598 2598 1299
14 2550 2554 2564 2567 2579 2589 2593 2593 2593 2593 1296
15 2541 2546 2557 2560 2572 2583 2587 2587 2587 2587 1294
16 2533 2538 2550 2553 2566 2577 2582 2582 2582 2582 1291
17 2525 2530 2542 2546 2560 2572 2577 2577 2577 2577 1288
18 2516 2522 2535 2539 2553 2566 2571 2571 2571 2571 1286
19 2508 2514 2528 2532 2547 2560 2566 2566 2566 2566 1283
20 2498 2504 2519 2489 2539 2549 2560 2560 2560 2560 1280
21 2491 2498 2512 2519 2533 2544 2555 2555 2555 2555 1278
i.2 Slip Loss

Cable no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
lset (m) 16 16 17 17 18 19 20 20 20 20 28
slip (m) 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006

Distance from
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
exp. Joint (m)
0 273 268 257 251 239 230 219 219 219 219 155
1 256 251 242 237 226 218 208 208 208 208 155
2 239 235 226 224 213 207 208 197 197 197 148
3 222 218 211 210 199 195 197 186 186 186 140
4 205 201 196 196 186 184 186 175 175 175 133
5 188 184 181 182 173 172 175 164 164 164 125
6 171 168 166 168 159 161 164 153 153 153 118
7 154 151 151 154 146 149 153 142 142 142 111
8 137 134 136 140 133 138 142 131 131 131 103
9 120 117 121 126 120 126 131 121 121 121 96
10 103 101 106 112 106 115 120 110 110 110 89
11 85 84 91 98 93 103 109 99 99 99 81
12 68 67 75 84 80 92 99 88 88 88 74
13 51 50 60 70 66 80 88 77 77 77 66
14 34 34 45 56 53 69 77 66 66 66 59
15 17 17 30 42 40 57 66 55 55 55 52
16 0 0 15 28 27 46 55 44 44 44 44
17 0 0 0 14 13 34 44 33 33 33 37
18 0 0 0 0 0 23 33 22 22 22 30
19 0 0 0 0 0 11 22 11 11 11 22
20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15
21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i.3 Residual prestress after slip loss and friction loss
Distance from
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
exp. Joint (m)
0 2397 2402 2413 2419 2431 2440 2451 2451 2451 2451 1180
1 2405 2410 2421 2423 2438 2446 2456 2456 2456 2456 1177
2 2413 2419 2428 2430 2444 2451 2451 2462 2462 2462 1182
3 2422 2427 2436 2436 2451 2457 2456 2467 2467 2467 1186
4 2430 2435 2443 2443 2458 2463 2462 2472 2472 2472 1191
5 2438 2444 2451 2450 2464 2468 2467 2478 2478 2478 1196
6 2447 2452 2458 2456 2471 2474 2472 2483 2483 2483 1200
7 2455 2461 2466 2463 2478 2480 2478 2489 2489 2489 1205
8 2464 2469 2473 2470 2485 2485 2483 2494 2494 2494 1210
9 2472 2478 2481 2477 2492 2491 2489 2500 2500 2500 1214
10 2481 2486 2488 2484 2498 2497 2494 2505 2505 2505 1219
11 2490 2495 2496 2490 2505 2502 2500 2511 2511 2511 1223
12 2498 2504 2504 2497 2512 2508 2505 2516 2516 2516 1228
13 2507 2512 2511 2504 2519 2514 2511 2522 2522 2522 1233
14 2516 2521 2519 2511 2526 2520 2516 2527 2527 2527 1237
15 2524 2530 2527 2518 2533 2525 2522 2533 2533 2533 1242
16 2533 2538 2534 2525 2540 2531 2527 2538 2538 2538 1247
17 2525 2530 2542 2532 2546 2537 2533 2544 2544 2544 1251
18 2516 2522 2535 2539 2553 2543 2538 2549 2549 2549 1256
19 2508 2514 2528 2532 2547 2549 2544 2555 2555 2555 1261
20 2498 2504 2519 2489 2539 2549 2560 2560 2560 2560 1265
21 2491 2498 2512 2519 2533 2544 2555 2555 2555 2555 1278
Creep Loss

Maturity of concrete at the time of Creep strain per 10 Mpa


stressing as a % of fck
40 0.00094
50 0.00083
60 0.00072
70 0.00061
75 0.00056
80 0.00051
90 0.00044
100 0.0004
110 0.00036

Str at c.g Str at cg


Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4
Dist from of cabl. of cabl
creep loss creep loss creep loss creep loss
exp joint (Gr 1) (Gr1+Gr2)
F/A +Fe2/I F/A +Fe2/I C.S C.S C.S C.S
m Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa
1 4 9.1 0.0 8.3 15.3 78.7
3.5 4 10.3 0.0 8.3 15.3 78.7
6 6 13.4 0.0 8.3 15.3 78.7
11 10 19.6 0.0 8.3 15.3 78.7
21 10 22.6 0.0 8.3 15.3 78.7
Shrinkage loss

iii.1 Loss due to shrinkage of concrete

ecs Shrinkage of concrete


Loss of stress = Es. ecs

(IRC- 18, cl 11.3, Table 3)


Age of conc. at the Loss of
ecs
time of stressing (t) stress
Mpa
3 4.30E-04 84
7 3.50E-04 68
10 3.00E-04 59
14 2.50E-04 49
21 2.00E-04 39
28 1.90E-04 37
90 1.50E-04 29

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4


Dist from
Shrinkage Shrinkage Shrinkage Shrinkage
exp joint
loss loss loss loss
m Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa
1 0 12 14 44
3.5 0 12 14 44
6 0 12 14 44
11 0 12 14 44
21 0 12 14 44
Relaxation loss

iv.1 Initial stress ( cable 1 to 10) 0.765fp IRC 18, cl 8


Initial stress ( cable 11) 0.382 fp

Relaxation loss for low relaxation steel (cable 1 to 10) 3.2 %


45.56 Mpa
Relaxation loss for low relaxation steel (cable no 11.) 0.00 %

Time after stressing Relaxation Loss in


of Cable Loss Prestress
days hours Mpa KN
0.0 1 6.8 12.8
0.2 5 11.4 21.4
0.8 20 15.9 29.9
4.2 100 25.1 47.0
7.0 168 26.5 49.7
8.3 200 29.6 55.5
14.0 336 34.6 64.9
20.8 500 38.7 72.6
28.0 672 43.2 81.0
41.7 1000 45.6 85.4
50.0 1200 136.3 255.6
2083.3 50000 136.7 256.3
Elastic loss

2
Area of steel (Gr 1) 11252 mm
3
Area of steel (Gr 2) 9377 mm

Modlar ratio @14 days 7


Modlar ratio @28 days 6

Prestressing force (Gr 1) 32041 KN


Prestressing force (Gr 2) 24031 KN

stage 1
Dist from Area of Str at c.g of Loss in Avg.
Ecentricity
exp joint concrete cabl. prsetress prestr.
L As e F/A +Fe2/I mxfs loss
2
m mm m Mpa Mpa Mpa
1 8.32 0.13 3.92 0.00 0.00
3.5 8.32 0.34 4.37 0.00 0.00
6 7.48 0.58 5.87 0.00 0.00
11 6.60 0.96 9.61 0.00 0.00
21 6.60 1.19 9.61 0.00 0.00

(stage 2) stage 3 stage 4


Dist from Area of Str at c.g of Loss in Avg. Avg. Avg.
Ecentricity
exp joint concrete cabl. prsetress prestr. prestr. prestr.
L As e F/A +Fe2/I mxfs loss loss loss
m mm2 m Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa
1 8.32 1.07 6.62 52.82 26.41 26.41 26.41
3.5 8.32 1.09 6.81 52.82 26.41 26.41 26.41
6 7.48 1.16 7.98 52.82 26.41 26.41 26.41
11 6.60 1.28 10.03 52.82 26.41 26.41 26.41
21 6.60 1.31 10.32 52.82 26.41 26.41 26.41
Chapter 7
Stress check

7.1 Stage 1, Transfer of prestress( 14 days)


Direct
Dist from Prestress Ecentricity Bending stress due to Bending stress due to
stress
exp. Joint force e cable. Dead load.
(P/A)
m KN m N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
fc fb ft fb ft
1 27360 0.13 3.3 0.6 -0.6 0.00 0.00
3.5 27602 0.34 3.3 1.7 -1.5 -2.17 1.98
6 27843 0.58 3.7 3.2 -2.7 -4.20 3.53
11 28318 0.96 4.3 6.3 -4.6 -6.35 4.70
21 28584 1.19 4.3 7.9 -5.8 -7.49 5.55

Dist from Stress at Stress at


Stress check
exp. Joint top bottom

m N/mm2 N/mm2 Comp. Tensile


1.0 2.7 3.9 Safe Safe
3.5 3.8 2.8 Safe Safe
6.0 4.6 2.7 Safe Safe
11.0 4.4 4.2 Safe Safe
21.0 4.1 4.7 Safe Safe

7.2 Stage 1, Transfer of prestress( 28 days)


Direct
Dist from Prestress Ecentricity Bending stress due to Bending stress due to
stress
exp. Joint force e cable. Dead load
(P/A)
m KN mm N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
fc fb ft fb ft
1.0 48223 0.55 5.8 4.8 -4.4 0.00 0.00
3.5 48564 0.68 5.8 5.9 -5.4 -2.17 1.98
6.0 48927 0.84 6.5 8.2 -6.9 -4.20 3.53
11.0 49654 1.11 7.5 12.7 -9.4 -6.35 4.70
21.0 50397 1.25 7.6 14.5 -10.7 -7.49 5.55

Dist from Stress at Stress at


Stress check
exp. Joint top bottom

m N/mm2 N/mm2 Comp. Tensile


1.0 1.4 10.6 Safe Safe
3.5 2.4 9.6 Safe Safe
6.0 3.2 10.5 Safe Safe
11.0 2.9 13.8 Safe Safe
21.0 2.5 14.6 Safe Safe
7.3 Stage 3 after additon of SIDL( 50 days)
Direct
Dist from Prestress Ecentricity Bending stress due to Bending stress due to
stress
exp. Joint force e cable. Dead load + SIDL
(P/A)
m KN mm N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
fc fb ft fb ft
1.0 47106 0.55 5.7 4.6 -4.3 0.00 0.00
3.5 47446 0.68 5.7 5.8 -5.3 -3.08 2.73
6.0 47809 0.84 6.4 8.0 -6.7 -5.81 4.89
11.0 48536 1.11 7.4 12.4 -9.1 -8.82 6.53
21.0 49278 1.25 7.5 14.2 -10.5 -10.44 7.72

Dist from Stress at Stress at


Stress check
exp. Joint top bottom

m N/mm2 N/mm2 Comp. Tensile


1.0 1.4 10.3 Safe Safe
3.5 3.1 8.4 Safe Safe
6.0 4.6 8.6 Safe Safe
11.0 4.7 10.9 Safe Safe
21.0 4.7 11.2 Safe Safe

7.4 Stage 4 in service condition @ 5000days

Direct
Dist from Prestress Ecentricity Bending stress due to Bending stress due to
stress
exp. Joint force e cable. DL +SIDL + LL
(P/A)
m KN mm N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
fc fb ft fb ft
1.0 39251 0.55 4.7 3.9 -3.5 0.00 0.00
3.5 39589 0.68 4.8 4.8 -4.4 -3.67 3.28
6.0 39949 0.84 5.3 6.7 -5.6 -6.96 5.86
11.0 40646 1.11 6.2 10.4 -7.7 -10.56 7.82
21.0 41411 1.25 6.3 11.9 -8.8 -12.51 9.26

Dist from Stress at Stress at


Stress check
exp. Joint top bottom

m N/mm2 N/mm2 Comp. Tensile


1.0 1.2 8.6 Safe Safe
3.5 3.6 5.9 Safe Safe
6.0 5.6 5.0 Safe Safe
11.0 6.3 6.0 Safe Safe
21.0 6.7 5.7 Safe Safe
Chapter 8
Temperature stress check

STRESSES DUE TO TEMPERATURE GRADIENT:

(as per Dr.V.K.RAINA's paper published in the IABSE Journal)

Case I Temp. rise -


Data
o
Depth of decking 2.50 m a= 1.2E-05 per C
2
Deck slab 10 x 0.28 m Fck = 45 N/mm
2
Webs 1.9 x 0.80 m Ec = 3.4E+04 N/mm
Soffit slab 6x 0.30 m

-- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- - ------------ -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- --


2
| Element size | Area | Yt | Temp. | A x Yt | A x Yt | A x T | AxTxYt |
2 o 3 4 2 o
| (cm) | cm | cm | C | cm | cm | cm C | cm3 oC |
| ----------- -- ----------- -- ----------- -- ----------- -- ----------- - ------------- -- ------------- -- ------------ -- ---------- |
| 10 x 0.2 | 1.50 | 0.08 | 10.90 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 16.35 | 1.23 |
| 10 x 0.1 | 1.25 | 0.21 | 3.00 | 0.27 | 0.06 | 3.75 | 0.80 |
| 0.8 x 0.1 | 0.10 | 0.34 | 1.00 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0.03 |
| 0.8 x 1.8 | 1.44 | 1.30 | 0.00 | 1.87 | 2.43 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
6x 0.2 | 0.90 2.28 0.00 2.05 4.66 0.00 0.00
| 6x 0.2 | 0.90 | 2.43 | 1.05 | 2.18 | 5.29 | 0.95 | 2.29 |
| ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- - ------------- -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- |
| Total | 6.09 | | | 6.51 | 12.46 | 21.15 | 4.35 |
---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- - ------------ -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- --

3E-04 = 6 Eo - 7 q

5E-05 = 7 Eo - 12 q

Solving these two equations, we get q = 4.0E-05 rad/m

Eo = 8.4E-05

Eigen stresses due to differential


temperature in deck depth Fei = Ec(Eo-Y.q-a . t)

-- ---------- - ------------- -- ------------- -- ------------ -- ----------- --


| Y | Yxq | T | axT | Fei |
o 2
| cm | | C | | Kg/cm |
Eigen stresses at | ---------- | ------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ---------- |
various depths - | 0.0 | 0E+00 | 17.8 | 2.1E-04 | -4.3 |
| 0.2 | 6.0E-06 | 4.0 | 4.8E-05 | 1.0 |
Sign convention : | 0.4 | 1.6E-05 | 0.0 | 0.0E+00 | 2.3 |
Tensile (+ve) | 2.2 | 8.8E-05 | 0.0 | 0.0E+00 | -0.1 |
| 2.4 | 9.4E-05 | 0.0 | 0.0E+00 | 0.0 |
Compressive (-ve) | 2.5 | 1.0E-04 | 2.1 | 2.5E-05 | -1.4 |
-- ---------- - ------------- -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- --
Case II Temp. Fall -

-- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- - ------------ -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- --


2
| Element size | Area | Yt | Temp. | A x Yt | A x Yt | A x T | AxTxYt |
| (cm) | cm2 | cm |
o
C | cm3 | cm4 | cm2 oC | cm3 oC |
| ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- - ------------- -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- |
| 10 x 0.3 | 3 | 0.1 | 5.65 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 2 |
| 10 x 0.0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 x 0.2 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.8 x 1.6 | 1 | 1.3 | 0.00 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.8 x 0.2 | 0 | 2.1 | 0.30 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.8 x 0.0 | 0 | 2.2 | 0.70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6x 0.3 | 2 | 2.4 | 3.70 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 13 |
| ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- - ------------- -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- |
| Total | 6 | | | 6 | 11 | 20 | 15 |
- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- -- ---------- - ------------- -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- --
0.0 = 6 Eo - 6 q
0.0 = 6 Eo - 11 q

Solving these two equations, we get q= 1.2E-05 rad/cm


Eo = 5.3E-05

Eigen stresses due to differential


temperature in deck depth Fei = Ec(Eo-Y.q - a.t)
-- ---------- - ------------- -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- --
| Y | Yxq | T | a x T | Fei |
o 2
| cm | | C | | Kg/cm |
Eigen stresses at | ----------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------ -- ----------- |
various depths - | 0.0 | 0.0E+00 | 10.60 | 1.3E-04 | -2.5 |
| 0.3 | 3.0E-06 | 0.70 | 8.4E-06 | 1.4 |
| 0.3 | 3.3E-06 | 0.61 | 7.4E-06 | 1.4 |
| 0.5 | 5.3E-06 | 0.00 | 0.0E+00 | 1.6 |
| 2.1 | 2.4E-05 | 0.00 | 0.0E+00 | 1.0 |
Sign convention : | 2.2 | 2.6E-05 | 0.60 | 7.2E-06 | 0.7 |
Tensile (-ve) | 2.3 | 2.7E-05 | 0.80 | 9.6E-06 | 0.6 |
Compressive (+ve) | 2.5 | 3.0E-05 | 6.60 | 7.9E-05 | -1.9 |
-- ---------- - ------------- -- ------------ -- ------------ -- ---------- --

Stage N/mm2 14 days 28 days 50 days at service

fb 4.7 14.6 11.2 5.7


Normal stresses
ft 4.1 2.5 4.7 6.7
Temp stresses fb 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
(Rise) ft 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3
Temp. stresses fb -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9
(Fall) ft -2.5 -2.5 -2.5 -2.5
fb 6.05 15.98 12.55 7.02
Nr. Str+ T.(rise)
ft 8.41 6.82 9.07 11.08
fb 2.8 12.8 9.3 3.8
Nr.str + T(fall)
ft 1.6 0.0 2.2 4.3
Stress check safe safe safe safe
Chapter 9
Ultimate strength calculation

9.1.1 Ultimate flexural Strength due to yielding of steel.


As per IRC : 18-2000, cl. 13

M  0.9 * db * Aps * f p

Area of high tensile steel Aps 20628 mm2


ultimate tensile strength for steel fp 1861 N/mm2
effective depth (from max compression edge to CGS)

Dist. from db Mult


exp(m)joint (m) (kNm)
1.0 1.7 60415
3.5 1.9 64947
6.0 2.0 68898
11.0 2.2 74957
21.0 2.3 79804

9.1.2 Ultimate flexural strenght due to crushing of concrete.


As per IRC : 18-2000, cl. 13

Dist. from db Mult


exp(m)joint (m) (kNm)
1.0 1.7 54403
3.5 1.9 60046
6.0 2.0 65143
11.0 2.2 73282
21.0 2.3 80074

5.2 Ultimate design Moment check.


As per IRC : 18-2000, cl. 12
For moderate conditions,
Ultimate load combination ( modeate condition) 1.25G+2SG+2.5Q

Dist. from M Mult


exp(m)joint Check
(kNm) KNm
1.0 0 54403 Safe
3.5 32729 60046 Safe
6.0 57517 65143 Safe
11.0 74891 73282 Fail
21.0 88806 79804 Fail
9.2 Ultimate Shear Strength (Cl. 14.1, IRC 18)

Grade of concrete 45 N/mm2


Max permissible direct shear stress tcmax 5 N/mm2
Ultimate torsional shear stress Vtu 5.03 N/mm2

9.2.1 Ultimate shear check for uncracked section.

ft = 0.24sqrt(fck)
b = width
fcp = compresive stress at centrodial axis due to prestress taken as positive

Dist. from Pcosq Psinq fcp ft b*d Vco Vco+Psinq


expm. joint KN KN N/mm 2
N/mm 2
m 2
KN KN
1 39251 2150 4.7 1.6 8.2 16136 18285
3.5 39589 1887 4.8 1.6 8.2 16185 18072
6 39949 1626 5.3 1.6 7.3 15134 16761
11 40646 1084 6.2 1.6 6.5 14034 15119
21 41411 0 6.3 1.6 6.5 14133 14133

9.2.2 Ultimate shear check for cracked section.

Vcr = 0.037bdbsqrt(fck) + Mt/Mo*V


Mt = (0.37sqrt(fck)+0.8fpt)I/y
Mo,V Shear force and corresponding bendimg moment due to ultimte load.

Dist, d away from supp. 3.5 6 11 21

a ) db (m) 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3


b ) b*db (m^2) 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.4
c ) dist. of extrm.fibre from centroid, yb ,(m) 1 1 1 1
d ) Prestress stress fpt (KN/m2) 10 12 17 18
e ) Second Moment of Area, I (m4) 7 7 6 6
f ) Cracking Moment, Mt (KN.m) 56941 60872 67743 73437
I ) Ult. Shear Force, Vult (KN) 7403 5691 3813 967
j ) B. M corres. to Ult. S.F, Mult (KN.m) 32729 57517 74891 88806
k ) Shear Capacity, Vcr (KN) 13880 7047 4507 1886

9.3 Check for ultiamte shear capacity .

Dist. From exp joint 1 3.5 6 11 21

a) Ultimate Torsion (KNm) 2875 2875 2875 2875 2875


b) Torsional shear stress Vt (Mpa) 0.20 0.20 0.29 0.29 0.29
c) h
d) wo, wall
A,area thk. of member
enclosed by .c/l of box 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.40
(mm2) 11.95 11.95 12.39 12.39 12.39
e) Max shear stress tv (Mpa) 2.34 1.84 1.38 1.76 0.87
f) Shear stress incl. torsn.(Mpa) 2.54 2.04 1.67 2.05 1.16
g) Check for limiting shear stress safe safe safe safe safe
h) Design shear capacity (KN) 18285 13880 7047 4507 1886
9.4 Provision of shear reinforcement ( cl 14.1.4 )
i) if V is less than V/2 ? No No No No No
j) Min. reinforcemnt. (mm2/m),
Asv / Sv = 0.4*b/(.87*fyv) 664.73 664.73 664.73 664.73 664.73
k) Shear.rf. due to ult.load (mm2/m)
Asv/Sv = (V-Vc)/(0.87*fyv*dt) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
l) Torsn. rf. due to Ult load.
(mm2/m) 666.49 666.49 642.69 642.69 642.69
m) Design shear rf. (mm2) 666.49 666.49 664.73 664.73 664.73
n) Dia. of shear rf. (mm) 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
0) No of links 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
p) Spacing of links reqd.(mm) 235.68 235.68 236.31 236.31 236.31
Annexure A
Section properties

A.1 Section properties for box girder used in Staad modelling.

properties at L/4 and L/2

Property Unit Value


A m2 6.595
Yb m 1.437
Yt m 1.063
Iz m4 6.200
Iy m4 0.000
Ix m4 0.000
Zt m3 5.871
Zb m3 4.340
rx m 0.970
ry m 0.000

A.2 Section properties at L/8

Property Unit Value


A m2 7.48
Yb m 1.35
Yt m 1.15
Iz m4 6.8
Iy m4 0
Ix m4 0
Zt m3 6.02
Zb m3 5.06
rx m 0.953
ry m 0.000

A.3 Section properties at support and L/16

Property Unit Value


A m2 8.32
Yb m 1.305
Yt m 1.195
Iz m4 7.32
Iy m4 0
Ix m4 0
Zt m3 6.13
Zb m3 5.613
rx m 0.938
ry m 0.000
Annexure B
Transverse analysis
Structural Data
Type of superstructure Rcc box (single cell)
Type of expansion joint Slab seal type

Superstructure Data
Number of cells NumCell 1
Outer width at box lo 6
c/c spacing of webs spacing 5.6
Effective span of structure (supp.) el 5.4
Effective span of structure (mid.) el1 5.6
Overall width of structure ow 10
Carriageway width cw 7.5
Crash barrier width cbw 0.45
Hand rail width hrw 0
Kerb width fpw 1.25
Cantilever length cant 2
Root thickness (cant.) thk.root 0.4
Edge thickness (edge) thk.edge 0.2
Thickness of deck slab (supp.) thk.deck 0.275
Thickness of deck slab (mid) thk.deck1 0.275
Thickness of soffit slab (supp.) thk.base 0.5
Thickness of soffit slab (mid) thk.base1 0.3
Thickness of webs (supp.) thk.end 0.6
Thickness of webs (mid) thk.inner 0.4
Overall height of Box ht.box 2.5

cross slope for drainage 2.5%


Thickness of wearing coat 0.065

Grade of reinforcement Fe 500

Calculation units
kN, m, kN-m, Mpa, mm (only for dia of bars) unless otherwise specified.

Sign Convention

Moment Deck Slab, Walls hogging +ve


sagging -ve
Sofit Slab hogging -ve
sagging +ve
B1.1 Analysis model

Fig 1: centerline model at support

Fig 2: ceterline model at mid

B1.2 Live Load Analysis

Wheel Data

Details of wheel loads resulting design bending moments and shear forces at critical section

Wheel Impact Tyre Wheel Tread Contact


Load Type
load Factor Pressure Width Width Length
(kN) (kg/cm2) (m) (m) (m)

70R Track 350 1.23 0.91 0.84 0.84 4.57


(for supp.) 1.24
70R Bogie 100 1.25 5.27 0.86 0.76 0.25
(for supp.) 1.25
Class A 57 1.39 4.56 0.50 0.50 0.25
(for supp.) 1.39

Live Load Analysis (per unit width of bridge)

Effective width method (Ref. IRC: 21 - 2000, Cl. 305.16)

For a single concentrated load, the effective width of slab spanning in one direction is given by:
 a 
bef  a1    b1
 l0 
For a single concentrated load, the effective width of cantilever slab is given by:
bef  1.2a  b1
Where
l0 effective span
a distance of c.g. of load from nearer support
b1 width of concentration area of load
α a constant depending upon the ratio b/l 0, b is the width of slab
B1.3 Live Load Calculation over Deck Slab using Effective Width method

effective span (at mid) l0 5.60


effective span (at end) l0 5.40
constant α 2.60
b1 for class 70R track load of 350 kN b1.track 4.70
b1 for class 70R bogie load of 100 kN b1.bogie 0.38
For Cantilever
b1 for class Class A load of 57 kN b1.class 0.38

B1.4 Two lanes of class A symmetrically placed.

Wheel Impact Dispersion


Wheel no. a bef actual bef Load Intensity
load Factor Length
(kN) (m) (m) (m) (m) (kN/m2)/m
At mid
1 57 1.39 0.15 0.76 0.76 1.18 88
2 57 1.39 1.95 3.68 2.45 1.18 27
At end
1 57 1.39 0.05 0.76 0.76 1.18 89
2 57 1.39 1.85 3.62 2.42 1.18 28

B1.5 Two lanes of class A each most ecentrically placed.

Wheel Impact Dispersion


Wheel no. a bef actual bef Load Intensity
load Factor Length
(kN) (m) (m) (m) (m) (kN/m2)/m
At mid
1 57 1.41 0.55 1.04 1.04 1.18 65
2 57 1.39 -1.25 -3.60 -3.60 1.18 19
At end
1 57 1.54 0.65 1.16 1.16 1.18 64
2 57 #REF! -1.15 -3.25 -3.25 1.18 #REF!

B1.6 70 R tracked placed symmetrically

Wheel Impact Dispersion


Wheel no. a bef actual bef Load Intensity
load Factor Length
(kN) (m) (m) (m) (m) (kN/m2)/m
At mid
1 350 1.23 1.77 7.85 4.53 1.54 62
At end
1 350 1.24 1.67 7.70 4.46 1.54 63

B1.7 70 R placed at min. clearance from crash barrier.

Wheel Impact Dispersion


Wheel no. a bef actual bef Load Intensity
load Factor Length
(kN) (m) (m) (m) (m) (kN/m2)/m
At mid
1 350 1.23 0.68 6.25 3.74 1.54 75
2 350 1.23 1.38 7.40 4.31 1.54 65
At End
1 350 1.24 0.58 6.05 3.63 1.54 77
2 350 1.24 1.48 7.49 4.36 1.54 64
B1.8 70 R bogie placed symetrically
Wheel Impact Dispersion
Wheel no. a bef actual bef Load Intensity
load Factor Length
(kN) (m) (m) (m) (m) (kN/m2)/m
At mid
1 100 1.25 1.84 3.59 2.76 1.52 30
At end
1 100 1.25 1.74 3.44 2.69 1.52 31

B1.9 70 R bogie at min. clearance from crash barrier.

Wheel Impact Dispersion


Wheel no. a bef actual bef Load Intensity
load Factor Length
(kN) (m) (m) (m) (m) (kN/m2)/m
At mid
1 100 1.25 0.67 1.91 1.57 1.52 52
2 100 1.25 2.60 4.00 2.61 1.52 32
At end
1 100 1.25 0.57 1.71 1.46 1.52 56
2 100 1.25 2.70 3.89 2.55 1.52 32
Transverse design

B2.1 General design data

Material Property
Grade of concrete fck 45
Permissible bending strength of concrete σcbc 15
Grade of reinforcement fy 500
Permissible yield strength of reinforcement fyd 167
Permissible tensile strength of reinforcement σst 240
Modulus of elsticity of concrete Ec 33541
Modulus of elsticity of reinforcement Es 2E+05

Design constants
modular ratio m 5.96
neutral axis depth factor k 0.27
lever arm facror j 0.91
moment of resistance factor Q 1.85

B2.2 Design of Box section


Design for Bending Moment (at mid)

Deck slab Sofit slab Web Cantilever


Structural Element unit
+ve -ve +ve -ve +ve -ve +ve -ve

DL+SDL kN-m 26.6 -14.7 17.0 -32.6 27.6 -32.6 53.3 0.0
LL moment kN-m 103.0 -62.8 25.1 -56.3 103.0 -103.0 38.7 0.0

Main reinforcement
design bending moment kN-m 130 -77 42 -89 131 -136 92 0
effective depth reqd. mm 264 205 151 219 266 271 223 0
overall depth available mm 425 275 500 500 600 600 400 400
clear cover mm 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
dia of bar 1 mm 20 20 16 16 16 16 20 12
dia of bar 2 mm 16 16
effective depth available mm 365 215 442 442 542 542 340 344
reqd. area of reinf. mm2 1626 1650 436 921 1104 1146 1240 0
min percentage of reinf. % 0.18 0.18 0.30 0.18 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12
min area of reinf. mm2 657 387 1326 796 650 650 408 413
reqd. spacing of reinf. mm 317 190 152 218 182 175 416 274
prov. spacing of reinf. mm 150 170 150 150 110 20 150 150
percentage of steel % 0.94 0.86 0.30 0.30 0.34 1.85 1.01 1.01

Distribution reinforcement
design bending moment kN-m 36 -22 11 -23 36 -37 22 0
dia of bar mm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
effective depth available mm 349 199 428 428 528 528 324 332
reqd. area of reinf. mm2 475 501 117 251 316 325 315 0
min area of reinf. mm2 209 119 257 257 317 317 194 199
reqd. spacing of reinf. mm 238 226 440 440 357 348 359 568
provd. spacing of reinf. mm 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
B2.3 Design of Box section (at end)
Design for Bending Moment

Deck slab Sofit slab Web Cantilever


Structural Element unit
+ve -ve +ve -ve +ve -ve +ve -ve

DL+SDL kN-m 26.2 -13.2 31.9 -54.8 32.5 -32.5 58.2 0.0
LL moment kN-m 63.7 -52.3 19.7 -26.7 62.3 -60.0 49.2 0.0

Main reinforcement
design bending moment kN-m 90 -65 52 -82 95 -92 107 0
effective depth reqd. mm 220 188 167 210 226 223 241 0
overall depth available mm 425 275 500 500 600 600 400 400
clear cover mm 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
dia of bar 1 mm 20 20 16 16 16 16 20 12
dia of bar 2 mm 16 16
effective depth available mm 365 215 442 442 542 542 340 344
reqd. area of reinf. mm2 1128 1395 535 845 801 782 1447 0
min percentage of reinf. % 0.18 0.18 0.30 0.18 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12
min area of reinf. mm2 657 387 1326 796 650 650 408 413
reqd. spacing of reinf. mm 457 225 152 238 251 257 356 274
prov. spacing of reinf. mm 420 200 150 150 180 100 160 160
percentage of steel % 0.34 0.73 0.30 0.30 0.21 0.37 0.95 0.95

Distribution reinforcement
design bending moment kN-m 24 -18 12 -19 25 -24 26 0
dia of bar mm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
effective depth available mm 349 199 428 428 528 528 324 332
reqd. area of reinf. mm2 320 422 132 203 218 213 373 0
min area of reinf. mm2 209 119 257 257 317 317 194 199
reqd. spacing of reinf. mm 354 268 440 440 357 357 303 568
provd. spacing of reinf. mm 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200

B2.4 Check for Shear Force

Shear force has been checked at the critical sections

Critical sec. at a distance d (effective depth) from face of support for closing joints (deck and base slab)
and at face for opening joints (web).

+ve +ve +ve +ve


Structural Element unit
Support mid Support mid Support mid Support mid

DL+SDLshear kN 28.2 38.4 93.0 86.9 17.5 23.7 52.0 49


LL shear kN 51.0 71.0 88.0 140.0 26.6 24.2 75.8 71

percentage of steel % 0.94 0.86 0.30 0.30 0.34 1.85 1.01 1.01
permissible shear stress MPa 0.42 0.40 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.54 0.43 0.43

permissible shear force kN 152 86 114 114 146 295 146 148
design shear force kN 0 23 67 113 0 0 0 0

Minimum Shear Reinforcement in box girders


Refer: IRC 18-2000
Cl. 15.2 Min . vertical reinforcement web 0.18 %
Cl. 15.3 Min . longitudinal reinforcement web 0.15 %
Cl. 15.4(i) Min . reinforcement in top slab 0.18 %
Cl. 15.5(ii) Min . longitudinal reinforcement in sofitt slab 0.18 %
Cl. 15.5(iii) Min . transverse reinforcement in sofitt slab 0.30 %
Deck slab Sofit slab Web Cantilever
Structural Element unit
Support mid Support mid Support mid Support mid
thickness mm 275 275 500 300 600 400 400 400
minimum Trans. Reinft. % 0.18 0.18 0.30 0.30 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18
minimum Trans. Reinft. mm2 495 495 1500 900 1080 720 720 720
minimum long. Reinft. % 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.15 0.15 0.12 0.12
minimum long. Reinft. mm2 495 495 900 540 900 600 480 480
Transverse steel
bar dia mm 12 12 20 16 12 12 16 16
no of legslegs nrs 2 2
reqd. spacing mm 228 228 209 223 209 314 279 279
provide spacing mm 200 200 150 200 150 200 200 200
area of steel provided mm2 565 565 2094 1005 1508 1131 1005 1005
Longitudinal steel
bar dia mm 12 12 16 16 16 16 12 12
reqd. spacing mm 228 228 223 372 223 335 236 236
provide spacing mm 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
area of steel provided mm2 565 565 1005 1005 1005 1005 565 565
Annexure C
Design of end Block

C.1 System of jacking used

Fressinet system

2Yo = 350 mm
2Ypo = 225 mm
Bursting tension is computed using Table 8 of IRC 18-200

Ypo/ Yo 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7


Fbst/Pk 0.23 0.2 0.17 0.14 0.11

Ar. of steel
Pk Ypo/ Yo Fbst/Pk Fbst
Fbst/0.87fy
KN KN mm2
2670 0.64 0.125 334 924

Provide 12mm dia bar @100mm c/c in the vertical and horizontal directions in two planes in front of
anchorages

C.2 Check for bearing stress behind anchorages.

Bearing Max. area concrete Perm.


Max bearing Max bearing
area of concentric strength at j bearing Check
force stress
anchor With A1 days stress
F F/A A1 A2 fcj( j=14) fb
2 2 2 2
KN N/mm mm mm N/mm N/mm2
1627 32 50625 122500 36 27 Safe
Annexure E
Bearing Forces

No of bearings 4
Articulation

Expansion to expansion length 46 m


Self weight DL+SIDL
due to DL 7260 KN
due to SIDL. 2556 KN
Total wt. 9816 KN
Reactions due to live load
Rmax 469 KN
Rmin 0 KN

Calculations
LL max. 469 KN
LL min. 0 KN

P max (Max. verticla load) 2918 KN


Pmin( Min. vertical load) 2448 KN

Braking forces (cl 211) 222 KN


no reduction (cl 205) 222 KN
change in th vertical reaction at bearing 6 KN

Sesmic force
Sesmic zone IV
Zone factor, Z 0.24
Importance factor 1.2
Avg. response acceleration coeff., Sa/g 2.5
Response reduction factor, R 2
Horizontal seismic coefficient 0.18
Vertical seismic coefficient 0.090

Vertical sesmic force.


P max. (DL+SIDL+20%LL) 901 KN
P min. (DL+SIDL+20%LL min.) 883 KN

Horizontal(longitudinal) seismic forces.


Hz. force, Feq = Ah(DL+ Appropriate LL) 1767 KN
combination of component motion
H.L (r1+0.3r2+0.3r3) 2578 KN
H.T (r2+0.3r1+0.3r3) 2603 KN

Horizontal reactions (transverse) due to seismic force


Hz. Force Feq 1803 KN
H.L (r1+0.3r2+0.3r3) 2603 KN
H.T (r2+0.3r1+0.3r3) 2578 KN
Movement of Superstructure due to Temp.,Shrinkage and Creep
Shrinkage strain es 0.00020
Creep strain ec 0.00040
Thermal coefficient a 1.20E-05 /°C
Variation in temperature 40 °C
-5.52 mm
Movement Long.
-49.68 mm
-1.2 mm
Movement Trans.
-10.8 mm

Type of Vertical load(KN) Lateral load


bearing Normal Seismic Normal Sesmic load Movm. Rotation Load
Fy Fy Longt.(Fx) Trans.(Fz) Longt.(Fx) Trans.(Fz) Long.(mm) Trans.(mm)(rad) Bearing

Fixed 2918 225 111 - 1289 1302 - - 0.01 800X800


Guide .T 2918 225 111 - 1289 - - -12 0.01 800X800
Guide.L 2918 225 - - - 1302 -51 - 0.01 800x800
Free 2918 225 - - - - -51 -12 0.01 800x800
Annexure D
Diaphgram design

DESIGN OF END DIAPHRAM


Thickness of end diaphragm = 0.5 m
Center to center of bearings = 4.5 m
Depth of end diaphragm = 2.5 m

10.00 m
0.45 m
0.275 m 0.20 m
T

P
2.50 m 0.60 m 2.33 m
RL RR

A C
0.30 m Tension
0.75 m 4.50 m 0.75 m Compression

CL Brgn 6.00 m CL Brgn

Forces at support
Torsional moment at support = 2875 KNm (Refer page for Ultimate check)
Total Reaction at end (DL+SIDL) = 4908 KN

Bearing Reactions
RL = 2453.9765 + 638.89 = 3092.87 KN
RR = 2453.9765 - 638.89 = 1815.09 KN

Considering left half of diaphragm

Moment at end of diaphram due to Max Bearing reaction :


= 3092.87 x 0.45
= 1391.79 KNm
Tension Or Compression in diaphragm (T or C) ' de '
= 1391.79 / 2.33 m
= 598.62 KN
Area of steel required to resist Tension (T) = 2494.2 mm2

2
Provide 9 bars of 25 mm dia Ast provided = 4417.86 mm
Hence oK
Direct Compresive stress in Concrete = 4.16 N/mm2
13.33 (For M 40 Grade Conc.)
Inclined Tensile force ( P ) `
Consider Joint 'A'
P x sin 13.45 + 3093 x Sin 0 = 598.6
P = 774.4 KN
Vertical force ( Shear) = 774.4 x Cos 13.45

= 491.22 KN
Effective depth ' de' = 2412.5 mm
Reqd. Area of shear reinft. / m = 848.39 mm2
Min. Shear R/f required Asw = 0.4 x b x s
0.87 x fy
= 0.4 x 500 x 200
0.87 x 415
= 110.79 mm2
Provide = 848.39 mm2
Adopt
Diameter of 2- legged stirrups provided 12 mm
Reqd. Spacing of stirrup 22 mm c/c

Provided Spacing of stirrups 150 mm c/c (Provided)


Area of shear R/F provided 1507.8 sq mm HENCE OK
Provide 12 dia bars 150
Side Face Reinforcement
Minimum vertical reinforcement = 0.12 %
2
Ast = 1500 mm
2
Provide 16 dia bars 13 no's = 2612.5 mm

Minimum horizontal reinforcement: = 0.20 %


2
Ast on each face = 2500 mm
2
Provide 20 dia bars 14 no's = 4396.0 mm

Min. Tension Reinf. as per clause 305:19 of IRC:21:2000


= 0.20 x bt x d
100
= 0.20 x 500 x 2413
100
2
\Ast min = 2413 mm

Reinforcement at Bottom of Girder sst = 200


Area of Positive Reinf. = M j = 0.87
required sst x j x de
M= 0.000 KN
= 0 mm2

2
Provide 8 bars of 25 mm dia Ast provided = 3927 mm
2
and 0 bars of 0 mm dia Ast provided = 0 mm
2
Total = 3927 mm
2
> 2413 mm
Hence O.K.
Annexure F
Staad Input

i Longitudinal line analysis

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 09-Feb-13
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 4 0 0; 3 8 0 0; 4 12 0 0; 5 16 0 0; 6 20 0 0; 7 24 0 0; 8 28 0 0;
9 32 0 0; 10 36 0 0; 11 40 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 9 9 10; 10 10 11;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 10 PRIS AX 8.325 IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 7.32759
2 9 PRIS AX 7.9025 IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 7.10452
3 8 PRIS AX 7.0375 IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 6.56189
4 TO 7 PRIS AX 6.595 IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 6.24232
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
1 PINNED
11 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ
UNIT METER MTON
DEFINE MOVING LOAD
* Class A
TYPE 1 LOAD 13.6 13.6 13.6 13.6 22.8 22.8 5.4 5.4
DIST 3 3 3 4.3 1.2 3.2 1.1
*Class 70R
TYPE 2 LOAD 17 17 17 17 12 12 8
DIST 1.37 3.05 1.37 2.13 1.52 3.98
*************************************
UNIT METER KN
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE Dead TITLE LOAD CASE 1
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
MEMBER LOAD
1 CON GY -194.2 0
JOINT LOAD
11 FY -194.2
*************************************
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
1 TO 10 UNI GY -63.9
*************************************
LOAD GENERATION 117
TYPE 1 -18.5 0 0 XINC 0.5
***************************
LOAD GENERATION 120
TYPE 2 -13.5 0 0 XINC 0.5
*************************************
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH

ii.a Transverse analysis ( At end)

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 09-Feb-13
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 2.5 0; 2 2.3 0 0; 3 2.3 2.5 0; 4 10 2.5 0; 5 7.7 0 0; 6 7.7 2.5 0;
7 3.35 0 0; 8 3.35 2.5 0; 9 6.65 0 0; 10 6.65 2.5 0; 11 2.75 0 0; 12 7.25 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 3; 2 3 8; 3 8 10; 4 10 6; 5 6 4; 6 3 2; 7 2 11; 8 11 7; 9 7 9; 10 9 12;
11 12 5; 12 6 5;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
6 12 PRIS AX 1.5 AY 1.5 AZ 1.5 IX 0.15228 IY 0.045 IZ 0.781
1 5 PRIS AX 0.6 AY 0.6 AZ 0.6 IX 0.00799 IY 0.2 IZ 0.0045
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
3 PRIS AX 0.907 AY 0.907 AZ 0.907 IX 0.01144 IY 0.82356 IZ 0.00572
9 PRIS AX 1.65 AY 1.65 AZ 1.65 IX 0.061 IY 1.49 IZ 0.03438
2 4 PRIS AX 0.31875 AY 0.31875 AZ 0.31875 IX 0.00612 IY 0.0149 IZ 0.0048
8 10 PRIS AX 0.39 AY 0.39 AZ 0.39 IX 0.0099 IY 0.0117 IZ 0.01373
7 11 PRIS AX 0.0975 AY 0.0975 AZ 0.0975 IX 0.00031 IY 2e-005 IZ 0.00343
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
11 12 PINNED
***************************************************
*****Dead Load
***************************************************
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE DEAD LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -5 -10 0 2
5 TRAP GY -10 -5 0.3 2.3
7 TO 11 UNI GY -14
1 UNI GY -43.125 2 2.3
2 5 UNI GY -43.125 0 0.3
4 UNI GY -42.125 0.75 1.05
2 TO 4 UNI GY -6.875
1 UNI GY -6.875 2 2.3
5 UNI GY -6.875 0 0.3
8 TO 10 UNI GY -18.41
7 UNI GY -18.41 0.3 0.45
11 UNI GY -18.41 0 0.15
***************************************************
****SIDL
***************************************************
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
2 TO 4 UNI GY -2.2
1 UNI GY -2.2 1.25 2.3
5 UNI GY -2.2 0 1.05
1 UNI GY -9 0 1.25
5 UNI GY -9 1.05 2.3
1 CON GY -6.5 0
5 CON GY -6.5 2.3
1 TO 5 UNI GY -1.2
**************************************************
***Live load
***************************************************
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE CLASS A SYM.
MEMBER LOAD
1 UNI GY -89 1.715 2.895
3 UNI GY -28 0.21 1.39
4 UNI GY -89 0.455 1.635
3 UNI GY -28 1.91 3.09
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE None TITLE CLASS A ECEN.
MEMBER LOAD
1 UNI GY -64.21 1.06 2.24
5 UNI GY -64.21 0.06 1.24
3 UNI GY -21 2.71 3.89
2 UNI GY -21 0.56 1.74
LOAD 5 LOADTYPE None TITLE TRACKED SYMM
MEMBER LOAD
2 UNI GY -63 0.9 2.44
3 UNI GY -63 1.91 3.45
LOAD 6 LOADTYPE None TITLE TRACK ECENTRIC
MEMBER LOAD
1 UNI GY -77 2.11 3.65
3 UNI GY -64 0.82 2.36
LOAD 7 LOADTYPE None TITLE BOGIE SYM.
MEMBER LOAD
2 UNI GY -31 1.015 2.535
3 UNI GY -31 1.89 3.41
LOAD 8 LOADTYPE None TITLE BOGIE ECENTRIC
MEMBER LOAD
1 UNI GY -56 2.15 3.67
3 UNI GY -32 0.73 2.25
*****************************************************
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH

ii.b Transverse analysis (At mid)

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 09-Feb-13
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 2.5 0; 2 2.2 0 0; 3 2.2 2.5 0; 4 10 2.5 0; 5 7.8 0 0; 6 7.8 2.5 0;
7 3.15 0 0; 8 3.15 2.5 0; 9 6.85 0 0; 10 6.85 2.5 0; 11 2.75 0 0; 12 7.25 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 3; 2 3 8; 3 8 10; 4 10 6; 5 6 4; 6 3 2; 7 2 11; 8 11 7; 9 7 9; 10 9 12;
11 12 5; 12 6 5;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
6 12 PRIS AX 1 AY 1 AZ 1 IX 0.04736 IY 0.01333 IZ 0.52083
1 5 PRIS AX 0.6 AY 0.6 AZ 0.6 IX 0.00805 IY 0.2 IZ 0.0045
9 PRIS AX 1.11 AY 1.11 AZ 1.11 IX 0.0166 IY 1.266 IZ 0.00833
3 PRIS AX 1.0175 AY 1.0175 AZ 1.0175 IX 0.0104 IY 1.16 IZ 0.00641
2 4 PRIS AX 0.31875 AY 0.31875 AZ 0.31875 IX 0.00612 IY 0.0149 IZ 0.0048
8 10 PRIS AX 0.18 AY 0.18 AZ 0.18 IX 0.00221 IY 0.0024 IZ 0.00304
7 11 PRIS AX 0.157 AY 0.157 AZ 0.157 IX 0.00189 IY 0.00161 IZ 0.00266
SUPPORTS
11 12 PINNED
****************************************
*Dead Load
*****************************************
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE DEAD LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -5 -10 0 2
5 TRAP GY -10 -5 0.2 2.2
7 TO 11 UNI GY -8.035
1 UNI GY -48.125 2 2.2
2 5 UNI GY -48.125 0 0.2
4 UNI GY -48.125 0.75 0.95
2 TO 4 UNI GY -6.875
1 UNI GY -6.875 2 2.2
5 UNI GY -6.875 0 0.2
*****************************************
**SIDL
*****************************************
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
2 TO 4 UNI GY -2.2
1 UNI GY -2.2 1.25 2.2
5 UNI GY -2.2 0 0.95
1 UNI GY -9 0 1.25
5 UNI GY -9 0.95 2.2
1 CON GY -6.5 0
5 CON GY -6.5 2.2
1 TO 5 UNI GY -1.2
***************************************
*Live Load
****************************************
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE L.L CLASS A SYM. PLACED
MEMBER LOAD
2 UNI GY -88.26 0.15 0.74
2 UNI GY -88.26 0 0.15
1 UNI GY -88.26 1.76 2.2
3 UNI GY -27.45 0.36 1.54
4 UNI GY -88.26 0.26 1.44
3 UNI GY -27.45 2.01 3.19
LOAD 5 LOADTYPE None TITLE 70 R TRACKED SYM.
MEMBER LOAD
3 UNI GY -62 0.05 1.54
3 UNI GY -62 2.11 3.65
LOAD 7 LOADTYPE None TITLE LL 70 R BOGIE. SYM. PLACED
MEMBER LOAD
3 UNI GY -30 0.125 1.645
3 UNI GY -30 2.055 3.575
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE None TITLE CLASS A ECENTRICALLY
MEMBER LOAD
1 UNI GY -65.18 1.11 2.29
4 UNI GY -65 0.86 2.04
2 UNI GY -19 0.66 1.84
3 UNI GY -19 2.81 3.99
LOAD 6 LOADTYPE None TITLE TRACKED ECENTRICALLY
MEMBER LOAD
2 UNI GY -75 0 1.45
1 UNI GY -75 2 2.2
3 UNI GY -65 1.02 2.56
LOAD 8 LOADTYPE None TITLE BOGIE ECENTRICALLY PLACED
MEMBER LOAD
1 UNI GY -52 2.11 3.63
3 UNI GY -32 0.89 2.41
***************************************
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH

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