ORGANELLE LOCATION DESCRIPTION FUNCTION

cell wall plant, fungi and bacteria but *outer layer *support (grow tall)
not animal *rigid, strong, stiff *protection
*made of cellulose *allows H2O, O2, CO2 to pass into and out of cell
cell membrane both plant/animal *plant - inside cell wall *animal *support
All cells - outer layer; cholesterol *protection
*selectively permeable *controls movement of materials in/out of
cell *barrier between cell and its environment
*maintains homeostasis

Nucleus both plant/animal *large, oval generally *controls cell activities

nucleus is absent in . *key organelle which has the genetic material and is
prokaryotic cells involved in multiplication of cell, growth and
maintenance of cell.
nucleolus All cells except prokaryotes * Make ribosomes, contains building blocks or
*Found inside cell’s nucleus mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
* may have more than one
*disappears during cell division
nuclear membrane both plant/animal *surrounds nucleus *Controls movement of materials in/out of nucleus
*selectively permeable
Centrioles Animal cells *paired structures near the nucleus *stparate chromosome pairs during mitosis
*made of cylinder of microtubule pairs
Cytoplasm both plant/animal *clear, thick, jellylike material *supports /protects cell organelles
All cells (sytosol)
* organelles found inside cell
membrane
*contains cytoskelon fibers
endoplasmic both plant/animal *network of tubes or membranes *carries materials through cell
reticulum (E.R.)
Smooth No ribosomes
Rough Attached ribosome Synthesis of fats/lipids
Ribosomes synthesis proteins for export
ribosome both plant/animal *small bodies free or attached to E.R. *synthesizes proteins
*made of rRNA and protein
Mitochondria both plant/animal *bean-shaped *breaks down sugar molecules into energy
*inner membranes *site of aerobic cellular respiration
Double membrane outer smooth inner
folded into cristae
Golgi/golgi bodies / both plant/animal except These are the vacuoles or sac like * to modify and package proteins for
golgi apparatus Prokaryotes structures. They occupy a considerable export *have cis and trans face
amount of cytoplasm.
*stacks of flattened sacs
vacuole plant - few/large *fluid-filled sacs * Vacuoles are pouches in the cell that store materials such
animal - small as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates, waste products
and toxic waste..
*store food, water, waste (plants need to store large amounts
of food)
Vesicles A lot of small bubble sacs in These are small-sized sac like *These help in storage and release of substances as required
animals, large sac in the structures. They are of different by the cell. For example lysosomes help in cell digestion when
middle of plant cells types lysosomes, peroxisomes. cell dies. Vacuoles function is to store water.
lysosome plant - uncommon *breaks down larger food molecules into smaller
animal - common *small, round, with a membrane molecules *digests old cell parts
chloroplast plant, not animal *green, oval usually containing *uses energy from sun to make food for the
chlorophyll (green pigment) plant (photosynthesis)
Cilia Animal cells and protozoa Have a 9-2 arrangement Movement of cell
of microtubules
*short but numerous
flagellum Bacteria cells and protozoan *Have a 9-2 arrangement of Movement
Sex cells microtubules
*long but few in number
Micro-tubules = All cells *micro-tubules provide structural * the cell has a fixed structure and does not collapse
cytoskeleton strength. * form the cyto-skeleton
* These are filamentous extensions *moves organelles within the cell
in cytoplasm.