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Animal Product
Reference
Milk and Milk Products
1
Manual
Contents
Introduction page 3-14-1
Cultured Milk Products page 3-14-2
Dry Milk Products page 3-14-2
Fresh Milk Products page 3-14-3
Canned or Packaged Shelf-Stable Milk Products, Including Mixtures page 3-14-4
Canned or Packaged Shelf-Stable Products Containing Milk or Milk Products
page 3-14-4
Miscellaneous Products Derived from Milk page 3-14-4
Milk or Milk Products Transiting the United States page 3-14-5
Locator page 3-14-6
Dry Milk Products, Including Mixtures of Dry Milk Products page 3-14-8
Non Shelf-Stable Milk and Milk Products page 3-14-10
Milk Products With Sugar as an Ingredient page 3-14-11
Cheese page 3-14-12
Hard or Processed Cheese page 3-14-12
Liquid or Soft Cheese page 3-14-13
Solid Cheese and Pasteurized, Processed Cheese Containing Meat page 3-14-14
Milk Products or Mixtures that Contain Milk Products page 3-14-17
Mixtures that Contain Milk Products with Other Animal-Derived Ingredients
page 3-14-17
Canned, Shelf-Stable Products that Contain Milk Products and Meat
page 3-14-18
Milk Feed, Milk Replacer, and Feed Products that Contain Milk Along With Rendered
or Processed Animal Proteins page 3-14-19
Introduction
The Milk and Milk Products section covers all products derived from
milk, including the following products for which examples are listed:
Never apply 9CFR 94.11 to milk or milk products. This CFR restricts
importations of meat and meat products from specified countries. The
specified countries listed under 9CFR 94.11 are free from FMD; therefore, the
live animal population is considered free from FMD.
Important
Milk and milk products are not regulated according to the BSE status
of a country.
1 Crème Frâiche is prohibited entry by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). If this product is
encountered, refer the importation to U.S. Customs for referral to an FDA inspector.
◆ Canned cream
◆ Canned milk
◆ Condensed milk (sweetened and unsweetened)
◆ Evaporated milk
◆ Hot-pack cream cheese
◆ Hot-pack sour cream
◆ Lactalbumin (including dry powder)
◆ Lactulose (powder or syrup)
◆ Long-life milk
◆ Sterilized milk
◆ Sterilized yogurt
◆ Sweet cultured cream
◆ Sweetened milk
Some processes that make the milk shelf stable are not necessarily sufficient
to inactivate the FMD virus. Some processes use a combination of sugar and
heat to help preserve the product, such as condensed and sweetened milk.
Important
◆ Cheese, soft
◆ Clotted cream
◆ Ghee (clarified butter)
◆ Liquid cheese or cheese that pours like heavy cream
Follow Table 3-14-1 as you match the permit with the shipping
documents.
TABLE 3-14-1 Validate Importation Authorized Entry by a VS Permit
If the shipping
documents: And the: Then:
Match the permit RELEASE or CONTROL as specified on the permit
Do not match the Permit has expired 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
permit 2. HAVE the consignee contact VS, TTSPS
(seeTable 2-4-17)
3. SAFEGUARD the importation until you hear
from VS, TTSPS
Discrepancy is 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
other than an 2. CONTACT PPQ-VRS-AQI, VMO or PPQ-VRS-HQ
expired permit personnel for further action
(see Appendix H)
Locator
When a VS permit does not accompany an importation of the milk or
milk products, use Table 3-14-2 to determine the appropriate
regulatory action to take.
TABLE 3-14-2 Determine Where to Find the Regulatory Action on Milk or Milk Products Not Authorized by a
VS Permit
If the milk or milk product
is: And: And: Then:
Cheese, with or without Hard or processed GO to Table 3-14-6
meat
Liquid or soft GO to Table 3-14-7
1 Such as acidophilus milk, buttermilk, cultured cream, dahi, doogh, jaja, jub-jub, kashk, kaskg, katyk, kefir, kishk, koumiss, kurut,
kushuk, laban, laben, leben, madzoon, mast, cultured milk-based soft drinks (such as CALPIS®), qurut, raib, ripened cream butter, rob,
roba, sour cream, sour cream dip, smenta, tiaourti, taho, yaourt, yogurt, zabady, and zabade.
4 Such as milk replacers for livestock, prepared foods, soups, and starters.
TABLE 3-14-3 Dry Milk Products, Including Mixtures of Dry Milk Products
And the
country or
region of
If the product is: export is: And: And: And: Then:
◆ Dry buttermilk Canada Is appropriately RELEASE
certified2
◆ Dry milk
Lacks the required 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
◆ Dry milk certification2 2. PROVIDE the importer the
fraction1
opportunity to obtain the
◆ Dry whey appropriate certification
◆ Infant formula Other than Free from Is RELEASE
◆ Mixture of dry Canada FMD appropriately
milk products certified3
(e.g., dry ice Lacks the Is consigned to an RELEASE to the consigned
cream mix) required approved approved establishment
certification3 establishment
◆ Nonfat dry milk
◆ Powdered milk
◆ Total milk
protein Is not consigned 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
(For all the above: to an approved 2. PROVIDE the importer with
Usually packed in establishment the following options:
bulk bags, drums, ◆ Obtain the appropriate
or other smaller certification
containers to be
used as ◆ Provide the importer with
ingredients to mix the appropriate options
with other (see Table 2-2-11)
ingredients. For Affected Is RELEASE or CONTROL as
formulations with FMD accompanied specified on the permit
containing dry by a VS
milk products in permit
commercially
Lacks a VS Is consigned to an RELEASE to consigned
labeled
permit approved approved establishment
containers,
establishment
presented in final
finished Is not consigned 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
packaging, see to an approved 2. PROVIDE the importer with
next cell below.) establishment the following options:
a. Obtain the appropriate
certification
b. Provide the importer with
the appropriate options
(see Table 2-2-11)
TABLE 3-14-3 Dry Milk Products, Including Mixtures of Dry Milk Products (continued)
And the
country or
region of
If the product is: export is: And: And: And: Then:
Formulations Is commercially RELEASE
containing dry labeled and
milk products presented in final
finished packaging
requiring no
further
manipulation of
the product4
Is appropriately RELEASE
certified3
Is not presented 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
as is described in 2. INSTRUCT the importer to
above cells CONTACT VS, TTSPS AT
301/734-3277 to obtain
further instructions
Lactulose RELEASE
◆ Original certificate signed by a Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) official, stating that the product originated in Canada or
was legally imported into Canada (may be quarterly certificate).
◆ North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) certificate of origin (also known as CBP Form 434, available at:
http://forms.cbp.gov/pdf/CBP_Form_434.pdf This form is also acceptable if produced on company letterhead or Canadian let-
terhead.
◆ Invoice listing is a Canadian vendor.
◆ Labels, commercially printed, that indicate the material is a product of Canada.
3 Certification, endorsed by the Veterinary Service of the exporting country or region, that has the following statement:
The milk/milk product was processed in [name of country], a region listed in 9CFR 94.1(a)(2), from milk produced in [name
of country], a region listed in 9CFR 94.1(a)(2) as free of foot-and-mouth disease and rinderpest. The milk/milk product has
never been in any region where foot-and-mouth disease or rinderpest exists, except when moving under seal as described in
9CFR 94.16(c).
4 Includes baking mixes, cocoa mixes, drink mixes, instant cake mixes, instant pudding mixes, liquid drink mixes containing
reconstituted dry milk or dry milk products (including those that contain sugar), potato flakes, and infant formula.
◆ Original certificate signed by a Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) official, stating that the product originated in Canada or
was legally imported into Canada (may be quarterly certificate)
◆ North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) certificate of origin (also known as Customs Form 434, available at:
http://forms.cbp.gov/pdf/CBP_Form_434.pdf This form is also acceptable if produced on company letterhead or Canadian
letterhead
◆ Invoice listing is a Canadian vendor
◆ Labels, commercially printed, that indicate the material is a product of Canada
2 A certificate endorsed by the Veterinary Service of the exporting country or region, that has the following statement:
The milk/milk product was processed in [name of country], a region listed in 9CFR 94.1(a)(2), from milk produced in [name
of country], a region listed in 9CFR 94.1(a)(2) as free of foot-and-mouth disease and rinderpest. The milk/milk product has
never been in any region where foot-and-mouth disease or rinderpest exists, except when moving under seal as described in
9CFR 94.16(c).
TABLE 3-14-5 Action for Sweetened Milk, Sweetened Condensed Milk, Sweetened Milk Mixtures, including
Milk-Based Dumplings, and Sweetened Shelf-Stable Milk, Cream, or Eggnog
And the country or
region of export And the
If the product is: is: And is: shipment: Then:
◆ Sweetened milk with Canada Is appropriately RELEASE
sugar listed as an certified 1
ingredient Lacks the 1. DO NOT RELEASE the
◆ Sweetened condensed required HOLD
milk with sugar listed certification 2. PROVIDE the importer the
as an ingredient opportunity to obtain the
appropriate certification
◆ Sweetened milk
mixtures, including Other than Canada Affected with Is accompanied RELEASE or CONTROL as
sweetened milk-based FMD by a VS permit specified on the permit
dumplings, or Lacks a VS permit REFUSE ENTRY
sweetened condensed
milk mixtures with
sugar listed as an Free from FMD RELEASE
ingredient
◆ Sweetened,
shelf-stable milk,
cream, eggnog, or
liquid infant formula
with sugar listed as an
ingredient
◆ Original certificate signed by a Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) official, stating that the product originated in Canada or
was legally imported into Canada (may be quarterly certificate)
◆ North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) certificate of origin (also known as Customs Form 434, available at:
http://forms.cbp.gov/pdf/CBP_Form_434.pdf This form is also acceptable if produced on company letterhead or Canadian
letterhead
◆ Invoice listing is a Canadian vendor
◆ Labels, commercially printed, that indicate the material is a product of Canada
Cheese
Hard or Processed Cheese
1 Does not include those soft or semi-soft cheeses regulated by Table 3-14-7
◆ Original certificate signed by a Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) official, stating that the product originated in Canada or
was legally imported into Canada (may be quarterly certificate)
◆ North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) certificate of origin (also known as Customs Form 434, available at:
http://forms.cbp.gov/pdf/CBP_Form_434.pdf This form is also acceptable if produced on company letterhead or Canadian
letterhead
◆ Invoice listing is a Canadian vendor
◆ Labels, commercially printed, that indicate the material is a product of Canada
2 A certificate endorsed by the Veterinary Service of the exporting country or region, that has the following statement:
The milk/milk product was processed in [name of country], a region listed in 9CFR 94.1(a)(2), from milk produced in [name
of country], a region listed in 9CFR 94.1(a)(2) as free of foot-and-mouth disease and rinderpest. The milk/milk product has
never been in any region where foot-and-mouth disease or rinderpest exists, except when moving under seal as described in
9CFR 94.16(c)
TABLE 3-14-8 Regulatory Action on Solid Cheese and Pasteurized Processed Cheese that Contains Meat
And the percentage
And the country of meat in the solid
If the meat or region of cheese or pasteurized And the
source is: export is: processed is: importation: Then:
Ruminant Affected with BSE REFUSE ENTRY
TABLE 3-14-8 Regulatory Action on Solid Cheese and Pasteurized Processed Cheese that Contains Meat
And the percentage
And the country of meat in the solid
If the meat or region of cheese or pasteurized And the
source is: export is: processed is: importation: Then:
Ruminant Free from BSE, Is accompanied by RELEASE or control as specified on
but affected with a VS-issued permit the permit
FMD Lacks the required REFUSE ENTRY
VS-issued permit
Free from BSE Greater than 2% meat Is appropriately REFER to FSIS
but FMD/SR certified3
Lacks the REFUSE ENTRY
appropriate
certification3
2% or less meat Is appropriately RELEASE
certified3
Lacks the REFUSE ENTRY
appropriate
certification3
Swine Affected with Is accompanied by RELEASE or control as specified on
ASF, CSF, FMD, a VS-issued permit the permit
or SVD Lacks a VS-issued REFUSE ENTRY
permit
Free from ASF, Is accompanied by RELEASE
CSF, FMD, and the appropriate
SVD certification2
Lacks certification2 REFUSE ENTRY
Swine FMD/SR Greater than 2% meat Is appropriately REFER to FSIS
certified3
Lacks the REFUSE ENTRY
appropriate
certification3
2% or less meat Is appropriately RELEASE
certified3
Lacks the REFUSE ENTRY
appropriate
certification3
1 Currently Canada is the only country designated at minimal risk for BSE.
2 A certificate endorsed by the Veterinary Service of the exporting country or region, that has the following statement:
The milk/milk product was processed in [name of country], a region listed in 9CFR 94.1(a)(2), from milk produced in [name
of country], a region listed in 9CFR 94.1(a)(2) as free of foot-and-mouth disease and rinderpest. The milk/milk product has
never been in any region where foot-and-mouth disease or rinderpest exists, except when moving under seal as described in
9CFR 94.16(c).
3 A Department-approved meat inspection certificate prescribed in 9CFR 327.4 and additional certification issued by a full-time salaried
veterinary official of the agency in the national government that is responsible for the health of the animals within that region, which
gives the name and official establishment number of the establishment where the animals were slaughtered, and states that
◆ The slaughtering establishment is not permitted to receive animals that originated in, or have ever been in, or that have been
aboard a means of conveyance at the time such means of conveyance called at or landed at a port in a region listed in 9 CFR
94.1(a) as a region infected with rinderpest or foot-and-mouth disease.
◆ The slaughtering establishment is not permitted to receive meat or other animal products derived from ruminants or swine which
originated in such a rinderpest or foot-and mouth disease affected region, or meat or other animal products from a rinderpest and
foot-and-mouth disease free region transported through a rinderpest or foot-and-mouth disease affected region except in
containers sealed with serially-numbered seals of the national government of the non-affected region of origin.
◆ The meat or other animal product covered by the certificate was derived from animals born and raised in a region listed in 9 CFR
94.1(a)(2) as free or rinderpest and foot-and-mouth disease and the meat or other animal product has never been in any region
in which rinderpest and foot-and-mouth disease existed.
◆ The meat or other animal product has been processed, stored, and transported to the means of conveyance that will bring the
article to the United States in a manner to preclude its being commingled or otherwise in contact with meat or other animal
products that do not comply with the conditions contained in this certificate.
◆ The slaughtering establishment is not permitted to receive animals that originated in, or have ever been
TABLE 3-14-9 Mixtures that Contain Milk Products With Other Animal-Derived Ingredients
And the And the
If the: mixture Is for: And: importation: Then:
Mixture Human Canned, shelf stable GO to Table 3-14-10
contains milk consumption (non-perishable)
products with (such as cream
other of chicken Other than canned, Is accompanied by a RELEASE or CONTROL as
animal-derived soup, cream of shelf stable VS permit specified on the permit
ingredients potato soup (product is Lacks a VS permit REFUSE ENTRY
with bacon) perishable)
Livestock One of the GO to Table 3-14-11
consumption ingredients is a
(such as lamb rendered product
starter, pig (such as meat meal
starter, veal or blood meal) from
starter) poultry, ruminant, or
swine
None of the 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
ingredients is a 2. CONTACT PPQ-VRS-AQI, VMO
rendered product or VRS-HQ for direction
(see Appendix H)
Use other than 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
described 2. CONTACT PPQ-VRS-AQI, VMO
above or VRS-HQ for direction
(see Appendix H)
TABLE 3-14-10 Action to Take on Canned, Shelf-Stable Products that Contain Milk Products and Meat
And the country
or region of And the product And the
If: export is: contains: content is: And: Then:
Canned, Affected with Ruminant meat REFUSE ENTRY
shelf-stable BSE
product that Poultry meat Greater than REFER to FSIS
contains milk 2% meat
products and
meat 2% or less RELEASE
meat
2% or less RELEASE
meat
Minimal risk for Bovine (cattle, Greater than Accompanied by CFIA REFER to FSIS
BSE1 bison, buffalo, 2% meat Annex A-1 Certificate
yak) Lacks the required PROHIBIT ENTRY
CFIA Annex A-1
Certificate
2% or less Accompanied by CFIA RELEASE
meat Annex A-4
Lacks the required PROHIBIT ENTRY
CFIA Annex A-4
Certificate
◆ Caprine (goat) Accompanied by CFIA RELEASE
Annex A-2
◆ Ovine (sheep)
Lacks the required PROHIBIT ENTRY
CFIA Annex A-2
Certificate
Free from BSE RELEASE
1 Currently Canada is the only country designated at minimal risk for BSE.
Milk Feed, Milk Replacer, and Feed Products that Contain Milk
Along With Rendered or Processed Animal Proteins
TABLE 3-14-11 Milk Feed, Milk Replacer, and Feed Products that Contain Milk
Along With Rendered or Processed Animal Proteins
And the
country or
region of And the
If: export is: shipment: Then:
◆ Milk feed Affected with Is accompanied RELEASE or CONTROL as
BSE by a VS-issued specified on the permit
◆ Milk replacer
permit
◆ Feed products Lacks a REFUSE ENTRY
that contain VS-issued permit
milk along
with rendered Minimal risk for Is accompanied RELEASE or CONTROL as
or processed BSE1 by a VS-issued specified on the permit
animal permit
proteins Lacks a 1. DO NOT RELEASE the HOLD
VS-issued permit 2. ADVISE the importer that the
importation requires a VS
permit to enter
3. PROVIDE the importer with the
appropriate options
(seeTable 2-4-16)
Free from BSE Is accompanied RELEASE
by the appropriate
certification2
Lacks REFUSE ENTRY
certification1
1 Currently Canada is the only country designated at minimal risk for BSE.
2 An original certificate signed by a full-time veterinarian of the agency responsible for animal health in
the exporting region and declaring the following: