UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU

FAKULTET BEZBEDNOSTI

THE NEW WORLD ORDER

HENRY KISSINGER, „DIPLOMACY“, DELFI KNJIŽARE,
BEOGRAD, 2008. GODINA

-ESEJ-

PROFESOR: DR ŽELJKO IVANIŠ

SARADNIK: MS VLADIMIR AJZENHAMER
STUDENT: ALEKSANDAR STOJANOVIĆ, 188/13
Each epoch has its own heroes. This idea was wearing Henry Kissinger in the introductory part
of his monumental and very significant, although controversial work, "Diplomacy".
At each time interval, in every historical moment appeared some force, in the beginning, the
regional and continental, and later a global scale, which has its influence, military, economic and
political force contributed to shaping the world for some of its standards in line with its vision of
the future. Once these were the empire of Rome, Egypt, Alexander the Great, and the empire of
the greatest conqueror of all time, Temujin, also known as Genghis Khan.
Kissinger mentions modern state. France, which in the time of Cardinal Richelieu helped change
the perception of international relations through satisfying national interests, which are projected
as the highest goal. On the other hand, the United Kingdom's interpretation of international
relations boiled down to a balance of power, the dominant view until the 19th century. In this
century, the most important vision of the world and international relations between countries is a
foreign policy orientation of Austria and Germany, through partial satisfaction of political
interests, no matter what.
The twentieth century brings with it the culmination of centuries of antagonism between the
European countries, which is supported by contracts and agreements on bilateral and multilateral
levels that do not satisfy all parties, leading to frustration and ultimately to the First, and later the
Second World War.
During this period, driven by the industrial revolution, the United States, the land of the
American dream, economic expansion, the country spared armed conflict on its territory, except
for the Civil War century or so ago, gets all the characteristics necessary to establish itself as a
leader of globalization. Powerful army, a growing economy and political leaders who were able
to recognize the civilizational framework in which they live and the political moment that is at
work.
Woodrow Wilson and other US presidents are projected US foreign policy through two basic
approaches. The first focuses on internal political relations, with the goal of advancing
democracy and the level of life of the citizens, in order to achieve and maintain the country to
which the epithet should look to all the other countries, and second, an approach that defines
American politics as well as the need to American ideals and values as well as performances
universally acceptable and that the future of the world is formed by the same, and for this
purpose the active participation of the United States to achieve this goal.
Starts from a basic interpretation, according to which only the American system of government
and the rule of law enshrined in the Constitution of 1787., something that should be the guiding
star for all other countries, because, according to Henry Kissinger's words, only America has
achieved its statehood struggle for freedom and equal rights of citizens.
Beginning in 1917., which is taken as the beginning of American foreign policy adventures in
the context of the above, the United States engaged in the implementation of their ideas. On the
way they meet with centuries-old policy of European countries based on force and satisfying the
basic strategic, geopolitical interests of each of them individually, or in alliances. Woodrow
Wilson opposed to this way of thinking, because he believed that Europe much better relations
between the two resolved through the concept of collective security and the balance of power.
Historical figures clearly suggest that the balance of power between countries was achieved in
only a few historical moments, in ancient Greece, ancient China and Renaissance Italy. Clearly it
is always a tendency of countries to establish dominance over the other and to the satisfaction of
the interests of one, often meant to disable satisfaction of the other, or the interests of several of
them.
This ideal balance of power between countries yet to leave the American administration even in
the years that followed after the world wars, although the implementation of concrete actions for
the sake of preserving the same was greatly burdened and limited bloc confrontation and bipolar
segregation of the world after World War II and during the Cold War. After the collapse of real
socialism at the beginning of the 1990’, from the world stage has vanished Soviet Union, as the
political situation created after that seemed radically different from the one just before these
turbulent events in Europe.
On the world stage has disappeared from the American point of view, the main opponent, but the
end of the ideological division of the world has facilitated the emergence of some new, although
regional, or forces in the future may be a potential challenge, which is primarily Europe, Japan,
China, Russia and India. Some of these countries will not only be rivals, but allies in the struggle
for American ideals.
Europe all the time during history, was the scene of conflicts of national states. In Kissinger's
words, divided Europe is not a strong partner in preserving world peace and order, but integrated,
unified, it is the entity of the unseen importance.
Russia, which has always had a special status as a multiethnic country that gathers under his
wing achievements of Europe, Asia and the Islamic world, where none is dominant, what was the
reason of maintaining large armies throughout history of Russia, and it would like to in the future
regain its place superpower after the collapse of the Soviet entities.
China, as well as several millenniums country that is 20 centuries was driven by a single hand
and imperial laws and in which wars were frequent almost identically as in Europe, but they
were the result of the struggle for power between the rulers. Although it was subject to
manipulation of European colonial giants of the 19th century, China was in the twentieth
century, especially in the second half, transformed into a country whose word price, according to
their geographic and demographic dimensions.
Japan, the country's long history, which is a large part of its existence was isolated from the
outside world, according to its geographical position. The Japanese had been a country that
didn’t establish international relations, because they cherished their warrior samurai tradition
and identity, until 1854. when was opened by Commodore Mathew Perry for some trade
relations. During the Cold War, the dominant threat was the Soviet Union, while in the future the
subject of interest of Japan in order to maintain the balance of power will be directed in three
directions-across the Atlantic, across the Pacific, and the countries of Southeast Asia and China.
India, the largest force in South Asia, which in history this was part of the British colonial
empire, which in modern times, as shown in the foreseeable future demographic and economic
magnate of the Asian subcontinent.
These countries and regions of the world will be essential in the future in order to achieve and
maintain a state of balance forces on the international political scene. Represented the interests of
many different countries and groups in the world, and the statesmen is to improve the existing
order and projected as stable. After Kissinger, the most stable systems have been the one
immediately after the Congress of Vienna and after the Second World War, under the leadership
by the United States. An additional problem in achieving state balance of power in the future
could be cultural, political and ideological differences between the statesmen in this international
level, but as a necessity arises to achieve the ideal of a perfect future, in accordance with the
concept of the United States.