PIONEER

DESIGN OF FOUNDATION & STRUCTURE FOR 400kV BPI

TYPE OF STRUCTURE LATTICE

BASIC DESIGN DATA

01 Weight of equipment. = 320 kg.
02 Weight of connector. = 60 kg.
03 LL (man with tool). = 150 kg.
04 Short Circuit Forces. = 370 kg
05 Density of steel. = 7.85 kg/sqm/mm.
06 Increase the foundation load by. = 10 %
07 Partial safety factor. = 1.5
08 Max. diameter of main bar. = 10
09 Grade of concrete. M 20
10 Grade of steel. Fe 415
Conductor Detail - One Side (Moose Conductor)
01 Maximum conductor span. = 7.00 m.
02 Diameter of Condutor. = 31.70 mm.
03 Wt of conductor per meter. = 2 kg/m.
04 Type of Conductor. = Flexible
Conductor Detail - Other Side (Moose Conductor)
01 Maximum conductor span. = 7.00 m.
02 Diameter of Condutor. = 31.70 mm.
03 Wt of conductor per meter. = 2 kg /m.
04 Type of Conductor. = Flexible
Detail of Junction Box.
01 Width of Junction Box. = Assumed = 0 m.
02 Height of Junction Box. = Assumed = 0 m.
03 CG ht. of box from base. = = 0 m.
04 CG of box from C/L of structure = Assumed = 0 m.
05 Wt. of Junction Box. = = 0 kg.
Wind Pressure
01 Basic Wind speed, Vb. = 50 m/s.
02 Probability factor, k1. = 1.08
03 Terrain, height and size factor, k2. = 1.03
04 Topography factor, k3. = 1
05 .Vz. =1.08x1.03x1x50 = 55.62 m/s.
06 Design wind pressure, pz. =0.6x(189.21)^2/9.81 = 189.21 kg/sqm.
07 Wind pressure considered = 195 kg/sqm.
08 Wind pressure on Insulators = 48.75 kg/sqm.
09 Wind on bus
= 0.5 x ( 7 x 0.0317 x 195 + 7 x 0.0317 x 195 ) = 43 kg/sqm.
10 Shpe factor for structure. = 1.5
11 Shpe factor for flat surface. = 1.0
12 Shpe factor for round surface. = 0.5
Earthquake factor
01 Seismic Zone Factor for Zone III 0.16
02 Importance factor, I = 1.5
03 Response reduction factor 5
04 Sa/g = 2.5

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05 Horizontal Earthquake factor, Alpha(h) = 0.060

06 Vertical Earthquake factor, Alpha(v) = 0.03

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SUPPORTING ARRANGEMENT

Width/dia. = 0.16 m
Ht. of Top Tank-C = 1.330 m

Width/dia. (avg.) = 0.29 m.

Ht. of Insulator -B = 1.330 m.

Ht. of Ter. Box -A = 0.990 m. Width/dia. = 0.29 m.

Top support Pl. = 450 x10 thk
8.000 m. Lth. of supp. Pl. = 0.35 m.
Horil. angle supp. = L50505

Ht. of Structure = 4.350 m. Main Leg angle = L65656

Brg.on 'x'/'y' face. = L45455

No of pannels = 11 Bottom pl.

Ht. of each pannel = 0.395
### 0.15 x 0.15 x 0.01 thk. m.
Length of bracing = 0.562
###

A = B/B of leg angle = 0.40 m

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LOAD ON FOUNDATION & STRUCTURE

1.0 VERTICAL LOAD DUE TO DL & LL

1.1 Calculation of self weight of structure
Item Member Qty. Length width/dia. Thick Unit wt. Mass
m. m. mm. kg/m. kg.
Leg L65656 4 4.35 5.80 100.92
Dig. Brac. L45455 44 0.56 3.40 84.15
Supp. Pl. 450 x10 thk 1 0.45 0.45 10.00 15.90
Top supp. L50505 2 0.40 3.80 3.04
Bot.Pl. 12 mm thk. 4 0.15 0.15 12.00 * 8.48
Gst plts 8 mm thk. 8 0.15 0.05 8.00 * 3.77
0.00
216.25
Add For hardwares etc. 10 % 21.62
Total wt. = 237.87
1.2 Summary of vertical load : kg. kN.
Weight of equipment & connector. = 380.00 = 3.73
Weight of supporting steel structure. = 237.87 = 2.33
Weight of conductor = 14.03 = 0.14
Weight of Junction Box = 0.00 = 0.00
Live Load = 150.00 = 1.47
Total Vertical force due to DL Fz = 7.67

2.0 TERMINAL LOAD DUE TO WIND ON BUS & SHORT CIRCUIT.

Item Qty Height Load SF Fx/FY Moment My/Mx
m. kg. KN. kNm.
Short Ckt. Force 1 8.00 370.00 3.63 29.04
Wind Load at Bus Level* 1 8.00 43.00 0.42 3.37
4.05 32.41
Summary of terminal loads.
SF due to ter. Loads in "x"/"y" Dir. Fx/Fy(KN) : Af = 4.05 kN-m
Moment due to ter. Loads in "x"/"x" Dir. My/Mx(KN) : Am = 32.41 kN-m

3.0 WIND LOAD

Wind Pressure considered to be acting on different surfaces :
wind pressure in kg. shape factor
On structure: = 195 x 9.81/1000 1.5 2.87 kN/Sqm.
On flat surface: = 195 x 9.81/1000 1.0 1.91 kN/Sqm.
On insulator. = 49 x 9.81/1000 0.5 0.48 kN/Sqm.

3.1 Wind on equipment parts

Part Qty CG Ht./Len Width Area S.F. Moment
Fx/Fy My/Mx
m. m. m. sqm. kN. kNm.
Ter. Box (A) 1 4.85 0.99 0.29 0.29 0.56 2.70
Round part (B) 1 5.02 1.33 0.29 0.39 0.19 0.94
Top Tank (C) 1 7.34 1.33 0.16 0.21 0.10 0.75
Total = 0.85 4.38

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LOAD ON FOUNDATION & STRUCTURE

3.2 Wind on junction box/counter.

Part Qty CG Ht./Len Width Area S.F. Moment
Fx/Fy My/Mx
m. m. m. sqm. kN. kNm.
Juction box 1 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total = 0.00 0.00
3.2 Wind on supporting structures (LatticeType)
Part Qty CG Ht./Len Width Area S.F. Moment
Fx/Fy My/Mx
m. m. m. sqm. kN. kNm.
Legs L65656 2 2.18 4.35 0.07 0.57 1.62 3.53
Brac,dig L45455 11 2.18 0.56 0.05 0.28 0.80 1.74
Supp Plate 450 x10 thk 1 4.35 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total= 0.84 2.42 5.27
3.4 Summary of wind forces.
SF due to wind in "x" or "y" direction Fx/ Fy: Bf = 3.27 kN
Mom. Due to wind in "x" or "y" dir My/Mx Bm = 9.65 kNm

4.0 EARTHQUAKE LOAD

ALPHA (h) = 0.060 ALPHA (v) = 0.030

Part Mass Pt of Appl. hi Wt hi^2 Wi*hi^2 S.F. Moment

kg. m. kN (Sqm) (kN) (kN-m)
Due to equipment
Eqipment 320.0 6.18 3.14 38.13 119.66 0.26 1.60
Connector 60.0 8.00 0.59 64.00 37.66 0.08 0.65
Total = 380.0 3.73
Due to structure
From cl 1.1 237.9 2.18 2.33 4.73 11.04 0.02 0.05
Total = 6.06 106.86 168.36 0.36 2.30
4.1 Summary of earthquake forces.
Vertical Force Due to Earthquake Cv = 0.18 kN.
Horizontal Force due to Earthquake Fx, Fy Cf = 0.36 kN.
B.M. due to Earthquake My, Mx Cm = 2.30 kNm.
Moment due to Wt of Junction Box = 0 x 0 x 9.81/1000 = 0.00 kNm.

5.0 SUMMARY OF OPERATING FORCES :

Shear force in x/y dir due to terminal + wind load. Af+Bf = 7.32 kN
Shear force in x/y dir due to terminal + earthquake load. Af+Cf = 4.42 kN
Maximum shear force in x/y dir, Fx/Fy = 4.05+3.27 = 7.32 kN
Moment about y/x axis due to terminal + wind load Am+Bm = 42.06 kN-m
Moment about y/x axis due to terminal + earthquake load Am+Cm = 34.71 kN-m
Maximum Moment in x/y dir, My/Mx = 32.41+9.65+0 42.06 kN-m
Total Vertical force due to DL Fz = 7.67 kN
Fx/Fy = Fh = 7.32 kN

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LOAD ON FOUNDATION & STRUCTURE

My/Mx = M = 42.06 kN-m

Fz = Fv = 7.67 kN

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DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

Summary of load
Hor. load along 'X' dir., Fx
Hor. load along 'Y' dir., Fy
Moment along 'X' dir., Mx
Moment along 'Y' dir., My
Vertical load on pedestal, Fz
= 8.05 kN.
= 8.05 kN.
= 46.27 kNm.
= 46.27 kNm.
= 8.43 kN.

Basic Data
Bearing capacity of soil, bc = 60 kN/sqm
Bearing capacity in wind = 75 kN/sqm
Unit weight of soil, ws = 17 kN/cum
Unit weight of concrete, wc = 25 kN/cum

Size of Trial foundation:

Length of foundation, L = 2.00 m.
Bredth of foundation, B = 2.00 m.
Depth of foundation, D = 1.20 m.
Thickness of foundation, t = 0.20 m.
Size of pedestal, p = 0.70 m.
Ht. of ped. above ground, h = 0.15 m.

1.0 BASE PRESSURE

Weight of Concrete.
Weight of footing. = L x B x t x wc (wr) = 20.00 KN.
Weight of ped. = p x p x(D - t + h)xwc (wp) = 14.09 KN.
Total (A) = 34.09 KN.
Weight of Soil.
Wt. of total soil = L x B x ( D - t ) x ws = 68.00 KN.
Less wt of ped. = p x p x ( D - t ) x wc = (-) 8.33 KN.
Total (B) = (-) 59.67 KN.
Total wt. of Conc. & soil. = A + B, C = (-) 93.8 KN.

Load at footing Level

Bending moment = M+F x (D + h) = Mb = (-) 57.14 kNm.
Vertical load = V+A+B = P = (-) 102.2 KN.

Check for overturning

Restoting moment. = P x (min of B or L)/2 Mr = (-) 102.2 kNm.
Overturning Moment,
= Mb Mb = (-) 57.1 kNm.
FOS against OT = Mr / Mb FOS = 1.79 >1.5,O.K.

Check for Maxm. Pressure

Eccentricity, e = Mb/P= 0.56 m, is > (min of L or B) / 6 = 0.33 m
Hence the type of pressure diagram applicable from above fig = Type II
Slope of pressure diagram s = pmax/3*B(B/2-e) = 29.2 kN/sqm/m
Max. gross pressure, p gross = 2*P/3*B*(B/2-e) = 77.3 kN/sqm.

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DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

Less Press.due to soil & footing = (wr + B) / (L x B) = (-) 19.92 kN/sqm.

Maximum net pressure, pnet = 57.3 is < 75.00 kN/sqm. O.K.
2.0 DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

2.1 Pressure at outer edge of pedestal (edge 1-1)

Gross Pressure, p1 = p gros -(B - p) x s / 2 = 58.28 kN/sqm.

Less due to soil & footing = (wr + B) / (L x B) = (-) 19.92 kN/sqm.
Net Pressure, p'1 = 38.36 kN/sqm.

Moment at outer edge (edge 1-1) of pedestal due to soil pressure from bottom

M = p'1*((L-p)/2)2/2+(p'max-p'1)*((L-p)/2)2/3 = 10.78 kNm/m.

Mu = load factor x M = 1.5 x 10.78 = 16.17 kNm/m.
Min eff depth reqd., dmin = 77 mm.
Eff depth provided, d' = 145 mm.
Mu / b * d'^2 = 0.77 N/sqmm
% of steel reqd., pt = 0.223 %
Area of steel reqd., Ast = 3.24 sqcm/m
Reinforcement = 10 mm dia tor @ 242.51 c/c.
Provide 10 mm dia @ 175 c/c B/W at bottom. ( Ast = 4.49 sqcm.)

2.2 Design of Pedestal

Load from struc. & eqpt., V = = 8.43 KN.

self wt of pedestal, wp = = 14.09 KN.
Total load, P = V + wp = 22.52 KN.
B.M on pedestal, Mp =F x (D-t+h ) = 9.26 kNm.
Factored load, Pu = 1.5 x P = 33.78 kN.
Factored moment, Mpu = 1.5 x Mp = 13.89 kNm.
Proposed size of bar (max) = 12 mm.
d' = clear cover + half of bar dia = 40 + 12 /2 = 46 mm.
d' / D = 46 / ( p x 1000 ) = 0.066
Mpu / fck x b x D^2 = 0.002
Pu / fck x b x D = 0.003
pt / fck = 0.00 % **
Percentage of reinforcement, pt = 0.15
Area of reinforcement reqd., Ast pt x 100 x p^2 = 7.35 sqcm.
Provide 8 Nos 12 mm dia bars equally distrbuted on all sides.
Ast. provided = 9.05 sqcm.
Rings - Provide 8 dia tor at 200 c/c.

** Refer Chart 44 of SP-16, as the value of Pu/fck*b*D & Mu/fck*b*D^2 are very low,
minimum steel equal to .15% of gross area governs.

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DESIGN OF FOUNDATION BOLTS

Summary of load

Horizontal load along 'X' dir., Fx = 7.32 kN.

Horizontal load along 'Y' dir., Fy = 7.32 kN.
Moment along 'X' dir., Mx = 42.06 kNm.
Moment along 'Y' dir., My = 42.06 kNm.
Vertical load on pedestal, Fz = 7.67 kN.

Spacing of Fdn Bolts, d = 0.36 m

Bolt diameter, Bd = M 20
Permissible Bond stress, bs = 0.8 Mpa
Ult tensile stress for Bolt, Ftb = 194 MPa
Ult shear stress for Bolt, Fsb = 218 MPa
No of bolts/leg, n = 2 Nos
Factor of safty considered, F = 1.5
Root area of bolt, Ar = = = 245 sqmm = 0.78 x PIE x 20 ^2/ 4
Max tensile force / bolt = ( M / (d x 2 ) - Fv / 4 )
Ta = [ 42.06 / ( 0.36 x2)- 7.67 / 4 ]/2 = 27.945 kN
Max shear force/ bolt = Fh / (4 x n) = 7.32 /( 4 x 2 ) = 0.915 kN
Max tensile stress / bolt = F x 27.95 x 1000 / 245 = 171.1 Mpa
Max shear stress / bolt = F x 0.91 x 1000 / 245 = 5.600 Mpa
Stress ratio = 171.06 / 194 + 5.60 / 218 = 0.9
is <= 1.4, hence OK.
Max load Capacity of each bolt = Ar x Ftb / 1000 = Tb = 47.54 kN
Embedded length of bolt required = Ta x 1000 /1.33* (PIE x Bd x bs) = 418 mm
Bolt length required = 418 + 100 = 518 mm long

Provide fondation bolt per leg 2 M 20 x 600 Long

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DESIGN OF SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
Summary of load
Vertical load on pedestal, Fz = 7.67 kN. Material Specifications
Hor. load along 'X' & 'Y' dir., Fx/Fy = 7.32 kN. Perm. axial stress in steel Fy = 255 Mpa
Moment along 'X' & 'Y' dir., Mx/My = 42.06 kNm. Fs = 218 Mpa
Fb = 436 Mpa
PI*sqrt(2*E/Fy) Cc = 124.43 Mpa
Design of Memebr
Forces due to Main Leg Bracings X Bracing Y
Moment = 42.06/(2 x 0.364 ) = = 57.81
Vertical Force = 7.67/ 4 = 1.92
Horizontal Force = 7.32x0.562/ (2x0.4 )= 5.146 = 7.32x0.562/ (2x0.4
5.146 )=
Compression pc = Tr+(Wd or Eq)+Dl = 59.73 kN. 5.146 kN. 5.146 kN.
Tension pt = Tr+(Wd or Eq)-Dl = 55.89 kN. 5.146 kN. 5.146 kN.
Effective length. le = .791 m .562 m .562 m
Connectivity(1,2,3 or 4)* 1 2 2
* 1= main leg member, 2=not restrained, 3=restrained on 1 side,4=restrained on both sides.
Trial Section* L65656 L45455 L45455
* write in Lxxx xxx xx format, where 1st xxx is conn.fl., 2nd xxx is unconn.fl. and last xx is thick.
Gross Area. Ag = 7.44 sqcm 4.28 sqcm 4.28 sqcm
rxx/rvv . r = 1.98 cm .87 cm .87 cm
l/r le x 100 / r = 39.9 64.65 64.65
l/r range* 1 1 1
( * =1 if 0<l/r<120, =2 if 120<l/r<=200, =3 if 200<l/r<=225, =4 if 225<l/r<= 250 )
Curve No 1 3 3
kl/r l/r = 39.9 60+0.5*l/r = 92.33 60+0.5*l/r = 92.33
b/t = 9.833 8 8
Fcr = 255 255 255
Fa = 241.9 184.8 184.8
Section capacity in Comp. Pc = Ag*Fa/10 = 179.94 kN 79.094 kN 79.094 kN
F.O.S. against Compression Pc / pc = 3.01 15.37 15.37
A1 1.375 sqcm 1.375 sqcm
A2 2 sqcm 2 sqcm
k 3*A1/(3A1+A2) .673 .673
Net area An = Ag-2*17.5*t = 5.34 sqcm 2.722 sqcm 2.722 sqcm
Section capacity(Tension) Pt =An*Fy/10 = 136.17 kN 69.409 kN 69.409 kN
F.O.S. against tension = 2.44 13.49 13.49
Bolt cap.in shear (M16) Pi()xd^2/4xFs = 43.83 kN 43.83 kN 43.83 kN

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DESIGN OF SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
Bolt cap.in bearing (M16) t x d x Fb = 41.856 kN 34.88 kN 38.15 kN
No of M16 bolts 2 1 1

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ARRANGEMENT OF BASE PLATE AND BOLTS

480 C/C of Outer Bolt

400 B/B of Structure

320 C/C of Inner Bolt

480 C/C of Outer Bolt

320 C/C of Inner Bolt

400 B/B of Structure

C of Str.

M20 Fdn Bolt 500mm

Embedment Length

40
40
C of Str.

40 40

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42517403.xls
 Section Size (mm) Thickness Sectional Unit weight Centre of Gravity (cm) Radii of Gyration (cm)
Designation Long side Short side (mm) Area (cm2) (kg/ m) Cxx Cyy rxx ryy
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
L40405 40 40 5 3.78 3 1.16 1.16 1.2 1.2
L45454 45 45 4 3.47 2.7 1.25 1.25 1.37

L45455 45 45 5 4.28 3.4 1.29 1.29 1.36

L50504 50 50 4 3.88 3 1.37 1.37 1.53
L50505 50 50 5 4.79 3.8 1.41 1.41 1.52
L50506 50 50 6 5.68 4.5 1.45 1.45 1.51
L55555 55 55 5 5.27 4.1 1.53 1.53 1.67
L55556 55 55 6 6.26 4.9 1.57 1.57 1.66
L60605 60 60 5 5.75 4.5 1.65 1.65 1.82
L60606 60 60 6 6.84 5.4 1.69 1.69 1.82
L65655 65 65 5 6.25 4.9 1.77 1.77 1.99
L65656 65 65 6 7.44 5.8 1.81 1.81 1.98
L65658 65 65 8 9.76 7.7 1.89 1.89 1.96
L70705 70 70 5 6.77 5.3 1.89 1.89 2.15
L70706 70 70 6 8.06 6.3 1.94 1.94 2.14
L70708 70 70 8 10.56 8.3 2.02 2.02 2.12
L75755 75 75 5 7.27 5.7 2.02 2.02 2.31
L75756 75 75 6 8.66 6.8 2.06 2.06 2.3
L75758 75 75 8 11.38 8.9 2.14 2.14 2.28
L80806 80 80 6 9.29 7.3 2.18 2.18 2.46
L80808 80 80 8 12.21 9.6 2.27 2.27 2.44
L90906 90 90 6 10.47 8.2 2.42 2.42 2.77
L90908 90 90 8 13.79 10.8 2.51 2.51 2.75
L909010 90 90 10 17.03 13.4 2.59 2.59 2.73
L1001006 100 100 6 11.67 9.2 2.67 2.67 3.09
L1001008 100 100 8 15.39 12.1 2.76 2.76 3.07
L10010010 100 100 10 19.03 14.9 2.84 2.84 3.05
L10010012 100 100 12 22.59 17.7 2.92 2.92 3.03
L1101108 110 110 8 17.08 13.4 3.00 3.00 3.38
L11011010 110 110 10 21.12 16.6 3.09 3.09 3.36
L11011012 110 110 12 25.08 19.7 3.17 3.17 3.34
L1301308 130 130 8 20.28 15.9 3.50 3.50 4.03
L13013010 130 130 10 25.12 19.7 3.59 3.59 4.01
L13013012 130 130 12 29.88 23.5 3.67 3.67 3.99
L13013016 130 130 16 39.16 30.7 3.82 3.82
L15015010 150 150 10 29.21 22.9 4.08 4.08
L15015012 150 150 12 34.77 27.3 4.16 4.16
L15015016 150 150 16 45.65 35.8 4.31 4.31
L15015020 150 150 20 56.21 44.1 4.46 4.46
L20020012 200 200 12 46.94 36.9 5.39 5.39
L20020016 200 200 16 61.82 48.5 5.56 5.56
L20020020 200 200 20 76.38 60.0 5.71 5.71
0

Sol. Ratio Cf
(φ)

0.1 3.8
0.2 3.3
0.3 2.8
0.4 2.3
0.5 2.1
adii of Gyration (cm)
rvv
11
0.77
0.87

0.87
0.97
0.97
0.96
1.06
1.06
1.16
1.15
1.26
1.26
1.25
1.36
1.36
1.35
1.46
1.46
1.45
1.56
1.55
1.75
1.75
1.74
1.95
1.95
1.94
1.94
2.14
2.14
2.13
2.55
2.54
2.54
 Section Size (mm) Thickness Sectional Unit weight Centre of Gravity (cm) Radii of Gyration (cm)
Designation Long side Short side (mm) Area (cm2) (kg/ m) Cxx Cyy rxx ryy
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
L40405 40 40 5 3.78 3 1.16 1.16 1.2 1.2
L45454 45 45 4 3.47 2.7 1.25 1.25 1.37
L45455 45 45 5 4.28 3.4 1.29 1.29 1.36
L50504 50 50 4 3.88 3 1.37 1.37 1.53
L50505 50 50 5 4.79 3.8 1.41 1.41 1.52
L50506 50 50 6 5.68 4.5 1.45 1.45 1.51
L55555 55 55 5 5.27 4.1 1.53 1.53 1.67
L55556 55 55 6 6.26 4.9 1.57 1.57 1.66
L60605 60 60 5 5.75 4.5 1.65 1.65 1.82
L60606 60 60 6 6.84 5.4 1.69 1.69 1.82
L65655 65 65 5 6.25 4.9 1.77 1.77 1.99
L65656 65 65 6 7.44 5.8 1.81 1.81 1.98
L65658 65 65 8 9.76 7.7 1.89 1.89 1.96
L70705 70 70 5 6.77 5.3 1.89 1.89 2.15
L70706 70 70 6 8.06 6.3 1.94 1.94 2.14
L70708 70 70 8 10.56 8.3 2.02 2.02 2.12
L75755 75 75 5 7.27 5.7 2.02 2.02 2.31
L75756 75 75 6 8.66 6.8 2.06 2.06 2.3
L75758 75 75 8 11.38 8.9 2.14 2.14 2.28
L80806 80 80 6 9.29 7.3 2.18 2.18 2.46
L80808 80 80 8 12.21 9.6 2.27 2.27 2.44
L90906 90 90 6 10.47 8.2 2.42 2.42 2.77
L90908 90 90 8 13.79 10.8 2.51 2.51 2.75
L909010 90 90 10 17.03 13.4 2.59 2.59 2.73
L1001006 100 100 6 11.67 9.2 2.67 2.67 3.09
L1001008 100 100 8 15.39 12.1 2.76 2.76 3.07
L10010010 100 100 10 19.03 14.9 2.84 2.84 3.05
L10010012 100 100 12 22.59 17.7 2.92 2.92 3.03
L1101108 110 110 8 17.08 13.4 3.00 3.00 3.38
L11011010 110 110 10 21.12 16.6 3.09 3.09 3.36
L11011012 110 110 12 25.08 19.7 3.17 3.17 3.34
L1301308 130 130 8 20.28 15.9 3.50 3.50 4.03
L13013010 130 130 10 25.12 19.7 3.59 3.59 4.01
L13013012 130 130 12 29.88 23.5 3.67 3.67 3.99
L13013016 130 130 16 39.16 30.7 3.82 3.82
L15015010 150 150 10 29.21 22.9 4.08 4.08
L15015012 150 150 12 34.77 27.3 4.16 4.16
L15015016 150 150 16 45.65 35.8 4.31 4.31
L15015020 150 150 20 56.21 44.1 4.46 4.46
L20020012 200 200 12 46.94 36.9 5.39 5.39
L20020016 200 200 16 61.82 48.5 5.56 5.56
L20020020 200 200 20 76.38 60.0 5.71 5.71
0
adii of Gyration (cm)
rvv
11
0.77
0.87
0.87
0.97
0.97
0.96
1.06
1.06
1.16
1.15
1.26
1.26
1.25
1.36
1.36
1.35
1.46
1.46
1.45
1.56
1.55
1.75
1.75
1.74
1.95
1.95
1.94
1.94
2.14
2.14
2.13
2.55
2.54
2.54