Building Systems PDF

BUILDING SYSTEMS
RE

EXAM GUIDE
Building Systems
Overview 2
Knowledge / Skills
Sample Multiple-Choice Questions
3
7
Sample Multiple-Choice Answers 17
Mechanical & Electrical Plan Vignette 18
Sample Passing Solution 20
Sample Failing Solution 21
References 22
This document, effective October 2014 supersedes all

previous editions of the ARE® 4.0 Exam Guide: Building
Systems. Please check NCARB’s web site, www.ncarb.org,
regularly for updates to the ARE 4.0 Exam Guides and for
Copyright © 2014 the most current information regarding the ARE.
Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
+
BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
OVERVIEW
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- DIVISION STATEMENT

Choice Questions The evaluation, selection, and integration of mechanical, electrical, and specialty systems in building design and construction.
Mechanical &
Electrical Plan Vignette
References Content Areas Vignettes

1. CODES & REGULATIONS MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL PLAN
(6-9 percent of scored items) Develop a reflected ceiling plan that integrates ceiling, lighting,
mechanical, and structural systems and incorporates life safety
2. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES considerations.
(9-11 percent of scored items)
3. PLUMBING
4. HVAC
5. ELECTRICAL
6. LIGHTING
7. SPECIALTIES
October 2014 ARE® 4.0 2

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
+
BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
KNOWLEDGE / SKILLS
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- The division has been broken down into a listing of knowledge and skills directly related to each major content area.
Choice Questions
Mechanical &
Electrical Plan Vignette 1. CODES & REGULATIONS 4. Construction Details
(6-9 percent of scored items) Utilize sustainable and environmental design details and
References recognize their effect on constructability, aesthetics, and
A. Incorporate building codes, specialty codes, and technical properties.
other regulatory requirements in the design of mechanical, 5. Sustainable Design
electrical, plumbing, conveying, and other specialty systems. Utilize sustainable design principles in building design as it
1. Government and Regulatory Requirements and relates to basic engineering systems.
Permit Processes
6. Alternative Energy Systems and New Technologies
Interpret codes, protocols, and procedures of government
Evaluate sustainable strategies to utilize alternative energy
regulations to determine their impact on building design,
systems and evolving technologies in building design.
and construction.
7. Adaptive Reuse of Buildings and/or Materials
2. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Evaluate sustainable strategies for adaptive reuse of
(9-11 percent of scored items) components, systems and/or materials in building design.
A. Apply sustainable design principles to the selection, design, 3. PLUMBING

and construction of building systems. (10-15 percent of scored items)
1. Building Design
A. PRINCIPLES
Utilize sustainable and environmental principles in building
Analyze and design plumbing systems.
design as it relates to basic engineering systems.
1. Building Design
2. Building Systems and their Integration
Apply basic engineering principles and technologies for
Analyze and evaluate the implications of sustainable design
plumbing systems in building design.
decisions in relation to project goals.
2. Implications of Design Decisions
Analyze and evaluate the implications of plumbing system
Evaluate and determine environmental and sustainability
design decisions in relation project goals, cost, schedule,
parameters most appropriate for building design.
and quality.

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
KNOWLEDGE / SKILLS
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- B. MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGY 2. Construction Details and Constructability

Choice Questions Evaluate and select materials and construction details Utilize HVAC system details and recognize their effect on
related to plumbing systems. constructability, aesthetics, and technical properties.
Mechanical &
Electrical Plan Vignette 1. Building Systems and their Integration 3. Thermal and Moisture Protection
Evaluate and determine plumbing system parameters most Analyze and evaluate the implications of thermal and moisture
References appropriate for building design. protection principles in relation to HVAC system design.
2. Construction Details and Constructability 5. ELECTRICAL
Utilize plumbing system details and recognize their effect on (10-15 percent of scored items)
constructability, aesthetics, and technical properties.
A. PRINCIPLES
4. HVAC Analyze and design electrical systems.
1. Building Design
A. PRINCIPLES Apply basic engineering principles and technologies for
Analyze and design heating, ventilating, and air electrical systems in building design.
conditioning systems. 2. Implications of Design Decisions
1. Building Design Analyze and evaluate the implications of electrical system
Apply basic engineering principles and technologies for HVAC design decisions in relation project goals, cost, schedule,
systems in building design. and quality.
2. Implications of Design Decisions B. MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGY
Analyze and evaluate the implications of HVAC system design Evaluate and select materials and construction details
decisions in relation project goals, cost, schedule, and quality. related to electrical systems.
3. Indoor Air Quality 1. Building Systems and their Integration
Analyze and evaluate the implications of HVAC system design Evaluate and determine electrical system parameters most
decisions in relation to indoor air quality. appropriate for building design.
B. MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGY 2. Construction Details and Constructability
Evaluate and select materials and construction details Evaluate and determine electrical system parameters most
related to heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems. appropriate for building design.
Evaluate and determine HVAC system parameters most
appropriate for building design.

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
+
BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
KNOWLEDGE / SKILLS
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 6. LIGHTING 7. SPECIALTIES

Choice Questions (15-20 percent of scored items) (18-23 percent of scored items)
Mechanical & A. PRINCIPLES A. ACOUSTICS
Electrical Plan Vignette Analyze and design natural and artificial lighting systems. Evaluate, select, and design acoustical systems.
References 1. Building Design 1. Building Design
Apply basic engineering principles and technologies for lighting Apply basic engineering principles and technologies for acoustic
systems in building design. systems in building design.
2. Implications of Design Decisions 2. Building Systems and their Integration
Analyze and evaluate the implications of lighting system design Evaluate and determine acoustic system parameters most
decisions in relation to project goals, cost, schedule, and quality. appropriate for building design.
3. Natural and Artificial Lighting 3. Implications of Design Decisions
Evaluate and determine design principles and theories related Analyze and evaluate the implications of acoustic system design
to sustainable strategies, daylighting, solar control, energy decisions in relation project goals.
consumption, and artificial lighting. 4. Construction Details and Constructability
B. MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGY Utilize acoustical components and details to recognize their
Evaluate and select materials and construction details effect on constructability, aesthetics, and technical properties.
related to natural and artificial lighting systems. B. COMMUNICATIONS & SECURITY
1. Building Systems and their Integration Evaluate, select, and design communications
Evaluate and determine lighting system parameters most and security systems.
1. Building Design
2. Construction Details and Constructability Apply basic engineering principles and technologies for
Utilize lighting system details and recognize their effect on communications and security systems in building design.
3. Natural and Artificial Lighting Evaluate and determine communications and security systems
Utilize lighting components and details to recognize their effect parameters most appropriate for building design.
on constructability, aesthetics, and technical properties.
Analyze and evaluate the implications of communication and
security system design decisions in relation to project goals.

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
+
BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
KNOWLEDGE / SKILLS
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 4. Construction Details and Constructability D. FIRE DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION
Choice Questions Utilize communications and security system details and Evaluate, select, and design fire detection and
recognize their effect on constructability, aesthetics, and suppression systems.
Mechanical & technical properties.
Electrical Plan Vignette 1. Building Design
C. CONVEYING SYSTEMS Apply basic engineering principles and technologies for fire
References Evaluate, select, and design elevators, escalators, moving detection and suppression systems in building design.
walkways, and other conveying systems.
1. Building Design Evaluate and determine fire detection and suppression system
Apply basic engineering principles and technologies for parameters most appropriate for building design.
conveying systems in building design.
2. Building Systems and their Integration Analyze and evaluate the implications of fire detection and
Evaluate and determine conveying system parameters most suppression system design decisions in relation project goals.
4. Construction Details and Constructability
3. Implications of Design Decisions Utilize fire detection and suppression system details and
Analyze and evaluate the implications of conveying system recognize their effect on constructability, aesthetics, and
design decisions in relation to project goals. technical properties.
4. Construction Details and Constructability
Utilize conveying system details and recognize their effect on

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
+
BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
SAMPLE MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS Go to page 17 for answers.
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 1. An office area has an average continuous lighting load of 4. In the single-line diagram of a typical electrical
Choice Questions 1,000 watts. What is the energy cost of providing lighting distribution system (below), which is the branch circuit?
to this area for a 12-hour day, based on a unit cost of 8 oA
Mechanical & cents per kilowatt-hour? oB
oC
References oD
dollars
2. If the unit price of a central air-conditioning system is

$1,000 per ton, what would be the total cost of a system
able to provide cooling (refrigeration) for 96,000 Btu/h?
dollars
3. A waste line on a sloping lot must be run a horizontal

distance of 75 feet. The vertical rise has been calculated to 5. Which of the following terms is defined as “water tested
be 9.75 feet. The percent grade of the waste line will to be suitable for bathing, cooking, and consumption
be percent by humans”?
o Well water
percent o Groundwater
o Potable water
o Grey water
6. Electrical receptacles in a residential bathroom are

required to be installed:
o no lower than 4 ft above the floor
o below the level of toilet or lavatory fixtures
o with ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection
o at a minimum of 6 ft from a tub or shower

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
+
BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 7. Which of the following can be used most effectively to 10. The following graphs show monthly energy consumption
Choice Questions limit low-frequency sounds in an HVAC system? in kWh for four “all-electric” buildings located at
o Turning vanes 36° north latitude. If all four buildings have the same floor
Mechanical & o Duct lining area, which graph shows the building that will probably
o Mufflers benefit most from an energy-conserving retrofit that
References o Dampers emphasizes reduction of lighting energy?
8. Which of the following plumbing fixture types is NOT

permitted to connect to a waste stack vent?
o Bidets
o Utility sink
o Lavatories
o Water closets
9. The flush control for a handicapped accessible urinal is a

maximum of how many inches above the floor?
o 36 in
o 40 in
o 44 in
o 48 in
11.
o o o o
Which piping material has the highest coefficient of
thermal expansion?
o Plastic
o Steel
o Cast iron
o Glass

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 12. When found in a building’s indoor air, carbon monoxide,
Choice Questions radon, formaldehyde, and nicotine are all classified as
o ventilation components
Mechanical & o hydrocarbon-fuel emissions
o building-materials emissions
References o indoor-air contaminants
13. Lightning protection can be provided to a building by

which of the following?
14. In the diagram above, which valve type should be used at
I. A system of lightning rods and conductors extended to
position 3?
the ground
II. An overhead grid of wire conductors extended to the
o o
ground
III. A system of lightning rods connected to the building’s
steel frame and then to the ground
o I and II only
o I and III only
o II and III only
o I, II, and III
o o

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple-
Choice Questions
Mechanical &
References
15. The diagram above schematically illustrates a typical chiller

and cooling tower cycle. At which point is the compressor 17. A developer wants to construct a 15-story office building
located? with approximately 10,000 square feet of gross floor area
oA per floor. Which of the following electrical distribution
oB systems would best meet the developer’s requirement and
oC be most economical in terms of initial cost as well as later
oD operational costs?
o 120/208-volt, three-phase, 4-wire
o 120/240-volt, single-phase, 3-wire
16. The U-value of a wall assembly includes resistance o 120/240-volt, three-phase, 3-wire
allowances for each of the following factors EXCEPT o 277/480 -volt, three-phase, 4-wire
o air spaces
o orientation
o interior air film
o exterior air film

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 19. Which of the following is the term for the persistence of
Choice Questions sound reflected from surfaces of enclosed spaces?
o Creep
Mechanical & o Dampening
o Frequency
References o Reverberation
18. In the diagram above of a house in the Northern

Hemisphere, the windows are positioned to achieve the
best solar gain as well as sun protection. In what direction
are the windows facing?
o North
o South
o East 20. In the drawing above of a refrigeration system for a large
o West building, what is the term for E ?
o Cooling coil
o Cooling tower
o Dehumidifier
o Heat pump

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 21. When a jurisdiction is governed by national, state, and 23. Which of the following HVAC systems would have the
Choice Questions local building codes, and provisions in at least two of these highest operating cost for a large office building?
codes conflict, which code takes precedence? o Single-zone, constant volume
Mechanical & o The local code o Variable air volume
o The state [provincial] code o Double-duct, constant volume
References o The national code o Constant volume reheat
o The most stringent or restrictive code
24. In calculations of lighting levels, the coefficient of

22. The diagrams below represent outlet connections utilization is defined as the percentage of total lamp
from blowers to ductwork in a forced-air system. lumens that
Which one illustrates the connection with the least o leave the luminaire
discharge resistance? o reach the work plane
o are lost because of lamp age
o o o are lost because of environmental dust
25. Single-duct, variable air volume systems are more energy-

efficient than constant air volume systems because in
variable air volume systems
o the use of variable-pitch blades or variable-speed fans
allows air volume to be modulated from zero to the
required demand
o fans run at their most efficient speed at all times and air
o o volume is controlled by manual dampers
o duct sizes can be reduced, thus saving initial and
finance costs
o lower-voltage equipment is needed

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 29. On a given site, which of the following would NOT be
Choice Questions relevant to life-cycle costing?
o Design fees
Mechanical & o Land costs
o Salvage value
References o Repair costs
30. Which of the following items is NOT required for

26. The diagram above indicates the use of which of the plumbing waste-drainage systems?
following devices to control lighting from two locations? o Trap
o Two single-pole, single-throw switches o Vacuum breaker
o Two single-pole, double-throw switches o Vent
o Two double-pole, double-throw switches o Cleanout
o Two three-pole, double-throw switches
31. Which of the following may be a source of a building’s
heat loss?
27. The name given to units of sound absorption is o Air infiltration
o decibels o Occupants
o degrees o Insolation
o sabins o Electric lighting
o watts
28. Noise generated within a space can be most effectively

controlled by
o absorption
o reflection
o focusing
o diffusion

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple-
Choice Questions 32. The sun is lowest in the sky in the northern hemisphere on
the day of the
Mechanical & o vernal equinox
o summer solstice
References o autumnal equinox
o winter solstice
33. What is the term for Z in the drawing above?

34. The diagram above shows a typical overhead electric
o Resilient hanger
service to a multiple residence. What is the name
o Flexible coupling
of item C?
o Paver pedestal
o Ground rod
o Vibration isolator
o Breaker
o Disconnect switch
o Switch box

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
+
BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- ROOF

Choice Questions
Mechanical &
Electrical Plan Vignette BAR
LAV. LAV. LAV. SINK
W.C.
TUB W.C.
References
LAV.
TUB W.C.
WALL
GRADE FLOOR
35. What is the name for X in the riser diagram above?

o Cleanout
o Vent
o Drain
o Trap
36. A four-pipe fan-coil system functions as which of

37. Which component in the diagram above represents the
the following?
pressure relief valve?
o A heating and cooling system
oA
o An evaporative cooling system
oB
o A domestic hot-water recirculation system
oC
o A high-rise fire-safety system
oD
38. In contrast to wet-pipe sprinkler systems, dry-pipe

sprinkler systems are used because they
o are lighter and less expensive to install
o have fewer valves and fittings to maintain
o will not freeze in unheated spaces
o contain water and will not corrode as fast

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 39. The psychrometric chart plots which of the following 42. Which of the following terms are used in describing heat
Choice Questions factors? Check the two that apply. flow? Check the four that apply.
o A. Relative humidity o A. Convection
Mechanical & o B. Air motion o B. Conduction
o C. Mean radiant temperature o C. Suction
References o D. Air temperature o D. Radiation
o E. Convection current o E. Enthalpy
o F. Surface temperature o F. Conveyance
40. The equation (U) x (area) x (temperature difference) = heat

gain often underestimates summer heat gain through a
building roof because heat flow through the roof is also
affected by (Check the three that apply):
o A. Entropy
o B. Roof color
o C. Roof mass
o D. Roof texture
o E. Time of day
o F. Relative humidity
41. Which of the following fixtures or types of equipment

must have their waste outlets equipped with air gaps
adequate to prevent contamination due to any possible
backup of sewage through the waste piping? Check the
two that apply.
o A. Refrigerators
o B. Heat recovery units
o C. Water closets
o D. Bathtubs
o E. Sterilizers
o F. Waste interceptors

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
SAMPLE MULTIPLE-CHOICE ANSWERS
QUESTIONS Go to page 17 for answers.
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- 1. 0.96 dollars 22.

Choice Questions 2. 8,000 dollars
3. 13.00 percent
Mechanical & 4. D
5. Potable water 23. Constant volume reheat
References 6. with ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection 24. reach the work plane
7. Duct lining 25. the use of variable-pitch blades or variable-speed fans
8. Water closets allows air volume to be modulated from zero to the
9. 44 in required demand
10. 26. Two single-pole, double-throw switches
27. sabins
28. absorption
29. Land costs
30. Vacuum breaker
31. Air infiltration
32. winter solstice
33. Vibration isolator
11. Plastic 34. Ground rod
12. indoor-air contaminants 35. Cleanout
13. I, II, and III 36. A heating and cooling system
14. 37. C
38. will not freeze in unheated spaces
39. A, D
40. B, C, E
41. A, E
42. A, B, D, E
15. B
16. orientation
17. 277/480 -volt, three-phase, 4-wire
18. South
19. Reverberation
20. Cooling tower
21. The most stringent or restrictive code

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL PLAN VIGNETTE
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- General Tips for Taking Mechanical Directions

Choice Questions & Electrical Plan Complete the partially completed reflected ceiling plan on the
work screen by (1) providing a grid for acoustical tile, (2) locat-
Mechanical & ing lighting fixtures to achieve specified light intensity, and (3)
Electrical Plan Vignette developing a schematic HVAC plan complete with fire dampers
and air diffusers, ductwork, and return-air grilles to meet
References specified air distribution requirements. It is recommended that
the ceiling layout be completed before ducts are added. Your
solution must be contained within the perimeter walls of the
overall space.
Draw flex duct to
all diffusers, even
if they touch The completed plan should reflect effective coordination and
or overlap rigid integration of structural, mechanical, and electrical units within
ducts. the ceiling grid and should provide for maximum flexibility for
furniture layouts at the most economical cost.
Before beginning your solution, you should review the

program information and lighting diagrams that can be
accessed through the Vignette Index screen and familiarize
yourself with the partially completed plan on the work screen.
Use the “Rotate” tool Program

to properly orient all A reflected ceiling plan for an architect’s office is to be
fire dampers. prepared. The space is in a multistory building and is
enclosed by leaseable office space on one side, a corridor
on another, and two exterior walls. The client wants flexibility
for furniture placement, efficient lighting levels, and a
comfortable environment.

Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL PLAN VIGNETTE
Knowledge/
Skills
Sample Multiple- Comply with the following requirements to develop the HVAC System LIGHTING DIAGRAMS
Choice Questions reflected ceiling plan: The space is served by the supply and
return risers within the shaft indicated on
Mechanical & Suspended Ceiling System the floor plan. The HVAC system should
1. Provide a 2 ft X 4 ft grid with lay-in acoustical tiles provide for uniform air distribution with
References in all spaces. an economical duct layout conforming to
the following restrictions:
2. All ceiling heights are 9 ft above the finished floor. 1. Provide a minimum of one supply
diffuser and one return-air grille in
3. Typical walls terminate 6 inches above the finished ceiling; each space. An acceptable air
bearing walls and fire-rated walls extend to the bottom of distribution pattern includes one
the floor deck above. supply diffuser and one return-air
grille for every 144 ft² of floor area
Lighting System (or portion thereof) in each space. RECESSED FLUORESCENT RECESSED FLUORESCENT
Lighting layouts should be efficient and should minimize FIXTURE (2’X4’) END FIXTURE (2’X4’) SIDE
overlighting and underlighting. 2. Connect each supply diffuser to (Grid Units in Feet) (Grid Units in Feet)
1. For all spaces, use only recessed fluorescent fixtures to the rigid supply duct system with
provide uniform light distribution with a light level of flexible duct.
approximately 50 footcandles measured at desk level u Do not exceed 10 ft for
(3 ft above the finished floor). flexible duct lengths.
2. In addition to the fluorescent fixtures required above, 3. Return-air grilles are open to the
provide recessed accent light fixtures. ceiling space, which serves as a
u Locate the accent light fixtures along the west wall return-air plenum.
of the Architect’s Office so that the direct light level u Connect the plenum to the
on the wall at a height of 5 ft above the floor is 80 return riser with rigid duct.
footcandles.
u Space the accent light fixtures so that the light RECESSED FLUORESCENT RECESSED ACCENT FIXTURE
4. Protect duct openings in fire-rated
level between the fixtures at 5 ft above the floor is FIXTURE (2’X2’) (Grid Units in Feet)
walls with fire dampers.
(Grid Units in Feet) Distribution is the same all
80 footcandles.
Distribution is the same for sides around fixture
u The accent light fixtures should not be considered in 5. Flexible ducts fit through joist webs. and ends of fixture
determining the uniform light distribution levels.
u The recessed fluorescent fixtures should not be 6. Rigid ducts fit under beams, in spaces
considered in determining the accent light levels. between joists, and in a zone that extends 2 ft on either
side of beams and bearing walls in plan view.
u Rigid ducts do not fit through joists or between the
bottom of joists and the ceiling. July2014
October ARE® 4.0
2014ARE® 4.0 19
Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Procedural Tips
u F amiliarize yourself with the
Overview
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL PLAN VIGNETTE - Sample Passing Solution contents of each layer by turning
the layers on and off.
Knowledge/
Skills u here are three ways to realign a
T
ceiling grid.
Sample Multiple- w Use the move,adjust tool
Choice Questions and click anywhere within
Recessed accent the grid to shift the cells
Mechanical & within the perimeter of the
lighting is used
Electrical Plan Vignette grid rectangle.
where required
Rigid return duct by program. w Use the move,adjust tool
References only needs to and click on an edge of the
penetrate wall grid rectangle to increase or
as shown.
decrease the length or width
of the entire grid rectangle.
w Use the move group tool
and click on any part of the
grid to move the entire grid
rectangle elsewhere.
Correct use of fire
dampers in rated wall.
Correct separation u he rotate tool in this vignette
T
of supply diffusers works without the wand. To
and return-air grilles rotate an element:
shown throughout. w Click on the rotate icon.
w Click on the element you
want to rotate. If it is
Rigid ducts that rotatable, it will rotate 90
run perpendicular degrees every time you click
to joists must on it.
be within 2’-0”
of beam or
u he rotate tool will change the
T
bearing wall.
orientation of the ceiling grid.
u hen elements overlap, you

W
may have trouble selecting a
particular element. If this happens,
keep clicking (without moving
the mouse) until the desired
The best way to solve this vignette is to start with the ceiling rigid ducts may run anywhere parallel (and between) the joists, element highlights.
grid, keeping the possible light spacing in mind. This solution they may not run perpendicular to the joists except within
has the correct number of supply diffusers and return-air grilles two feet of bearing walls or beams. This solution resolves that
in each room and the lighting is spaced correctly throughout. correctly. Fire dampers provided at the chase penetrations are
All supply diffusers are connected to the rigid supply duct oriented correctly, and the return duct properly extends into
with flexible duct. All flexible duct runs are shorter than the the plenum area.
10-foot maximum allowed and serve a single diffuser. While the October 2014 ARE® 4.0 20
Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Tools You Might
Overview Find Useful
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL PLAN VIGNETTE - Sample Failing Solution u oom to help you lay out the
Z
ceiling grid
Knowledge/
Skills u F ull-screen cursor to help you line
up elements
Sample Multiple- Rigid duct is
Choice Questions shown greater
than 2’-0” from
Mechanical & steel beam.
Flex duct
References
connection
missing.
Single flex duct
cannot supply two
diffusers.
Fire damper used

incorrectly.
Missing one supply

diffuser and one
Inadequate return-air grille.
lighting level in
Drafting Studio.
Lighting is spaced
too far apart.
The rigid duct runs perpendicular to the joists farther than is not connected by flex duct as required. In the Drafting
two feet from the beam along the north wall. The Conference Studio, the flex duct is also used to connect two supply
Room only has one supply diffuser and one return-air grille diffusers in a series which is prohibited by the program. The
when two of each are required by the area calculation given lights are spaced too far apart in some locations to achieve
in the program. The one supply diffuser provided in the the required lighting levels.
Reception/Secretary area sits directly under the rigid duct but
Building
Systems
95 MC Questions
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BUILDING SYSTEMS
1 Vignette
Overview
REFERENCES
Knowledge/
The following references are presented to assist candidates in preparation for the examination. This list represents texts that
Skills
have content covered in this division of the examination. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all possible reference
Sample Multiple- materials for the subject area. NCARB makes no guarantee that the various references are currently in print.
Choice Questions
Mechanical & Architectural Graphic Standards Mechanical & Electrical Equipment for Buildings
Electrical Plan Vignette The American Institute of Architects Walter T. Grondzik, Alison G. Kwok, Ben Stein, and John S.
John Wiley & Sons, latest edition Reynolds, Editors
References
John Wiley & Sons, latest edition
ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook
www.ashrae.org Mechanical and Electrical Systems in Buildings
2009 Richard R. Janis and William K. Y. Tao
Prentice Hall, latest edition
Heating, Cooling, Lighting: Sustainable Design
Methods for Architects
Norbert Lechner
John Wiley & Sons, latest edition

Building Systems PDF

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Building Systems PDF

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BUILDING SYSTEMS

This document, effective October 2014 supersedes all

Sample Multiple- DIVISION STATEMENT

References Content Areas Vignettes

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 2

A. Apply sustainable design principles to the selection, design, 3. PLUMBING

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 3

Sample Multiple- B. MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGY 2. Construction Details and Constructability

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 4

Sample Multiple- 6. LIGHTING 7. SPECIALTIES

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 5

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 6

2. If the unit price of a central air-conditioning system is

3. A waste line on a sloping lot must be run a horizontal

6. Electrical receptacles in a residential bathroom are

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 7

8. Which of the following plumbing fixture types is NOT

9. The flush control for a handicapped accessible urinal is a

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 8

13. Lightning protection can be provided to a building by

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 9

15. The diagram above schematically illustrates a typical chiller

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 10

18. In the diagram above of a house in the Northern

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 11

24. In calculations of lighting levels, the coefficient of

25. Single-duct, variable air volume systems are more energy-

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 12

30. Which of the following items is NOT required for

28. Noise generated within a space can be most effectively

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 13

33. What is the term for Z in the drawing above?

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 14

Sample Multiple- ROOF

35. What is the name for X in the riser diagram above?

36. A four-pipe fan-coil system functions as which of

38. In contrast to wet-pipe sprinkler systems, dry-pipe

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 15

40. The equation (U) x (area) x (temperature difference) = heat

41. Which of the following fixtures or types of equipment

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 16

Sample Multiple- 1. 0.96 dollars 22. 

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 17

Sample Multiple- General Tips for Taking Mechanical Directions

Before beginning your solution, you should review the

Use the “Rotate” tool Program

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 18

u  hen elements overlap, you

Fire damper used

Missing one supply

October 2014 ARE® 4.0 22

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A. Apply sustainable design principles to the selection, design, 3. PLUMBING

Sample Multiple- B. MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGY 2. Construction Details and Constructability

Sample Multiple- 6. LIGHTING 7. SPECIALTIES

3. A waste line on a sloping lot must be run a horizontal

6. Electrical receptacles in a residential bathroom are

8. Which of the following plumbing fixture types is NOT

9. The flush control for a handicapped accessible urinal is a

13. Lightning protection can be provided to a building by

15. The diagram above schematically illustrates a typical chiller

18. In the diagram above of a house in the Northern

24. In calculations of lighting levels, the coefficient of

25. Single-duct, variable air volume systems are more energy-

30. Which of the following items is NOT required for

28. Noise generated within a space can be most effectively

33. What is the term for Z in the drawing above?

36. A four-pipe fan-coil system functions as which of

38. In contrast to wet-pipe sprinkler systems, dry-pipe

40. The equation (U) x (area) x (temperature difference) = heat

41. Which of the following fixtures or types of equipment

Sample Multiple- 1. 0.96 dollars 22.

u hen elements overlap, you