THE KAVERY ENGINEERING COLLEGE, Mecheri.

Department of Mechanical Engineering

ME 6505 Dynamics of Machines

ASSIGNMENT-II

Balancing of Rotating Masses

1. A circular disc mounted on a shaft carries three attached masses of 4kg, 3kg, and 2.5kg at
radial distances of 75mm, 85mm, and 50mm and at the regular position of 45 o,135o, and 240o
respectively. The angular positions are measured counter -clockwise direction from the
references line along the x-axis. Determine the amount of the counter mass at a radial balance
of 75mm required for the static balance.
2. A,B,C and D are four masses carried by a rotating shaft at radii 100, 125, 200 and 150mm
respectively. The planes in which the masses resolve are spaced 600mm apart and the mass of
B, C and D are 10kg, 5kg, and 4kg respectively.
Find the required mass A and the relative angular settings of the four masses so that the shaft
shall be in complete balance.
3. A shaft carries four masses in parallel planes A, B, C, and D in this order along the length. The
masses at B and C are 18kg and 12.5 kg respectively, and each has an eccentricity of 60mm.
The masses at A and D have an eccentricity of 80mm. The angle between the masses at B and
C is 100º and that between the masses at B and A is 190 º , both being measured in the same
direction. The axial distance between the planes A and B is 100 mm and that between B and C
is 200 mm. If the shaft is in complete dynamic balance, determine: The magnitude of the
masses at A and D, the distance between planes A and D and the angular position of the mass at
D.
4. A shaft carries four mass A,B,C and D of magnitude 200 kg, 300kg, 400 kg and 200 kg
respectively and revolving at radii of 80 mm,70 mm, 60 mm, and 80 mm, in planes measured
from A at 300mm, 400mm and 700mm. the angle between the crank measured anticlockwise at
A to B 455̊, B to C 705̊ and C to D 1205̊ . the balancing masses are to be placed in plane X and Y.
the distance between the plane A and X is 100 mm, between X and Y is 400 mm and between
Y and D is 200 mm . if the balance masses revolve at a radii of 100 mm. find their magnitude
and angular position.
5. A,B,C and D are four masses carried by a rotating shaft at radii 100, 125,200 and 150 mm
respectively. The planes in which the masses revolve are spaced 600mm apart and the mass of
B,C and D are 10 kg ,5kg, and 4kg respectively. Find the required mass A and the relative
angular setting of the force masses so that the shaft shall be in complete balance.

6. A four masses A,B,C and D as given below are to be balanced mass A 0kg, B 30kg, C50kg,
and D 50kg. radius A 180mm, B 240mm, C 120mm, and D 150mm .the plane containing
masses B and C are 300 mm apart. The angle between planes containing Band C is 905̊, Band C
 make angle 2105̊ and 1205̊ respectively with D in the same sense. Find the magnitude and the
angular position of the mass A and the position of the planes A and D.

7. A rotating shaft carries four unbalanced masses m1,m2,m3,m4 of magnitude 20kg, 15kg, 17kg,
and 14kg revolving at radii 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, & 60mm respectively. The masses
m2,m3&m4 revolve in planes 100mm, 180mm&300mm respectively from the plane of mass m 1
and angularity be located at 65o,145o,270o respectively, measured in ccw(counter clock wise)
direction, from the mass m1 looking from the mass end of the shaft. The shaft is to be
dynamically balanced by two masses, both located at 70mm radii and revolving in plane
midway b/w those of masses m1, m2 and midway b/w those masses m3&m4. Determine the
magnitude of the balancing masses and their respectively angular position.

Balancing of Reciprocating Masses

8. A single cylinder engine runs at 250 r.p.m. and has a stroke of 180 mm. The reciprocating parts
has mass of 120 kg and the revolving parts are equivalent to a mass of 70 kg at a radius of 90
mm. A mass is placed opposite to the crank at a radius of 150 mm to balance the whole of the
revolving mass and two-thirds of the reciprocating mass. Determine the magnitude of the
balancing mass and the resultant residual unbalance force when the crank has turned 30° from
the inner dead centre, Neglect the obliquity of the connecting rod.

9. An inside cylinder locomotive has its cylinder centre lines 0.7m apart and has a stroke of 0.6m.
The rotating masses per cylinder are equivalent to 150kg at the crankpin, and the reciprocating
masses per cylinder to 180kg. The wheel centre lines are 1.5m apart. The cranks are at right
angles. The whole of the rotating and 2/3 of the reciprocating masses are to be balanced by
masses placed at a radius of 0.6m. Find the magnitude and direction of the balancing masses.
Find the fluctuation in rail pressure under one wheel, variation of tractive effort and the
magnitude of swaying couple at a crank speed of 300 r.p.m.

10. The three crank of a three cylinder in line IC engine are all on the same axle and their crank are
set to 1205̊. The pitch of the cylinder is 1m and the stroke of the each piston is 0.6 m. the
reciprocating masses are 300 kg for inside cylinder and 260 kg for each outside cylinder and
the planes of rotation of the balance masses are 0.8m from the inside crank .
if 40% of the reciprocating parts are to be balanced find the magnitude and the position of the
balancing masses required at a radius of 0.6m and the hammer below per wheel when the axle
makes 6 r.p.s.

11. In a four cylinder inline engine, the cylinders are placed symmetrically along the longitudinal
axis, with a centre distance of 2.4 m between the outside cylinders and 0.6 m between the
inside cylinders. The cranks between the two inside cylinders are at 90° to each other and the
 mass of reciprocating parts of each of these is 225 kg. All the four cranks are of 0.3 m radius. If
the system is to be completely balanced for the primary effects, determine 1. The mass of the
reciprocating parts of each of the outside cranks, and 2. The angular position of the outside
cranks with reference to the nearest inside cranks, measured in clockwise direction and draw
an end view of the four primary cranks marking these angles therein. With the above
arrangement, evaluate the secondary unbalanced effects completely, with reference to a plane
through the centre line of cylinder no. 1 and show by means of an end view the angular
position of these with reference to secondary crank no. 1. The engine is running at 180 r.p.m.
and the length of each connecting rod is 1.2 m.

12. A two cylinder uncoupled locomotive has inside cylinders 0.6m apart. The radius of each crank
is 300mm and are at right angles. The revolving mass per cylinder is 250kg and the
reciprocating mass per cylinder is 300kg. The whole of the revolving and two-third of
reciprocating masses are to be balanced and the balanced masses are placed, in the planes of
rotation of the driving wheels at a radius of 0.8m. The driving wheels are 2m in diameter and
1.5m apart. If the speed of the engine is 80km/hr, determine: (a) hammer blow (b) maximum
variation in tractive force (c) maximum swaying couple.

13. A four cylinder vertical engine has cranks 150mm long. The planes of rotation of the first,
second and fourth cranks are 400mm, 200mm, 200mm respectively from the third crank and
their reciprocating masses are 50kg, 60kg, and 50kg respectively. Find the mass of the
reciprocating parts for the third cylinder and the relative angular positions of the cranks in
order that the engine may be in complete primary balance.

Two Marks

1. What is need for balancing of rotating masses, particularly in high speed engine?
2. What is static & dynamic balancing?

3. What is partial balancing? Why complete balancing of reciprocating masses is not possible in a
single cylinder engine?

4. What are the effects of hammer blow and swaying couple?

5. Define swaying couple.

6. Compare the magnitude and direction of the unbalanced force in the case of rotating masses
and reciprocating masses.

7. Explain the term primary & secondary balancing?

8. State the condition for complete balance of several masses revolving in different planes of a
shaft.

9. What is meant by single rotating mass?

10. Why rotating masses are to be dynamically balanced?

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