Farm Size Distribution Study by Using Remote Sensing Data

1
Pritam O. Bhutada , 2 G. B. Kulkarani and 3Swati Priya
1
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad (MS)
2
J. E. S. R.G. Bagdia Arts S.B. Lakhotia Commerce and R. Bezonji Science College,
Jalna. (MS)
3
Maharana Pratap University Of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur (Rj)
E-mail address: pritambhutada1@gmail.com
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Abstract - The spatial distribution of agricultural fields is a fundamental description of rural landscapes and the location and extent of fields
is needed to establish the area of land utilized for agricultural yield prediction, resource allocation, and economic planning. Field size of
agricultural crops is an essential element for accurate crop monitoring. Agricultural monitoring is needed for accurate and timely information
on early warning of food shortfalls. The location and extent of farm land is baseline information necessary for any regional level crop inventory.
This baseline information needs periodic updating to account for changes in agricultural land use. Understanding the spatial distribution of
land under agriculture is essential to improve production and cropping system. Remote sensing and precision agriculture technologies provide
an opportunity to evaluate crop fields for environmental stress. With the development of satellites, remote sensing images provide access to
spatial information of features and phenomena on earth on an almost real-time basis.
This paper will outline a comparison of field size pattern in India. The land cover pattern is determined in the plain land of country where
agricultural practices is a dominant land cover pattern. In country where small field sizes typical in subsistence based agricultural production
like in South east Asia RS data like LANDSAT imageries can be used along with ground truth to develop sensor requirements of major crops
to be assessed. All cropland is not the same. Across regions, important differences exist in soil quality, topography, climatic conditions, and
proximity to markets and urban areas. These differences affect the types of crops grown. Result shows that farm size in in India shows variation
in farm size place to place and small in size. The farm size for country and comparison with other country will helps for search reason, in
addition to national data.

Key Words- large crop farm, farm size, farm size measure, farm structure
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INTRODUCTION Study Area

T HE The spatial distribution of agricultural fields is a
fundamental description of rural landscapes and the
location and extent of fields is needed to establish the
area of land utilized for agricultural yield prediction,
resource allocation, and economic planning (Carfagna &
Gallego, 2005; Johnson, 2013; Rudel,). Since the era of the
first Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE) the
potential for
remote sensing in support of agricultural information
retrieval has been demonstrated widely (Allen, 1990;
Badhwar, 1984; Bauer, Hixson, Davis, & Etheridge, 1978;
Becker-Reshef, Justice, 2010;). Identifying agricultural
fields from satellite data can be straight toward if undertaken
visually by a capable interpreter, for example, by screen
digitizing or by interactive thresholding of spectral
vegetation indices Basnyat, 2004; Ferguson, Badhwar,
2003). However, interactive techniques are impractical for
large area application and are not amenable to automation.
Semi-automated approaches, such as land cover
classification, are challenged by factors including within-
field spectral variability (caused by spatial variations in soil
moisture, salinity, fertility and nutrient limitations, pesticide,
herbicide, fertilizer, treatment, pollution, pests and diseases)
and the temporal variability and spectral similarity between
crops and non-crops as a function of their phonological
stage, degree of soil background. It gives spatial attention to
study agriculture field area by satellite data .Remote sensing
images provide access to spatial information of features and
phenomena on earth on an almost real-time basis.
The study area comprises of a transact taken over central
India near Nagpur and another transact taken over indo-
gangetic belt of India near Kanpur. These area are having
large variation in farm size distribution and cropping pattern.
These area plays important role in agriculture economy in
India.
METHODOLOGY
Downloaded satellite of data and did the pre-
processing of data
Unsurprised classification for maskout non-
crop area which helps to reduce time
After above processing to classify image on the basis of size
we used recognition software which offers a relatively new
segmentation technique called Multiresolution
Segmentation (MS). Because MS is a bottom-up region-
merging technique, it is regarded as a region-based
algorithm. MS starts by considering each pixel as a separate
object. Subsequently, pairs of image objects are merged to
form bigger segments. The merging decision is based on
local homogeneity criterion, describing the similarity
between adjacent image objects.

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
In India due to difference in geographic orientation and
topography shows large variation in field size distribution
place to place. Nagpur area of Maharashtra state shows small
field size which started from 100 sqm and larger size 36780
sqm where as in Kanpur area shows minimum field size is
500sqm and larger size is 50000 sqm. It shows that field size
variation
is very large in given place may be different factors
affecting on size distribution such as population, cropping
pattern and cropping system and use of land for particular
purpose. The report relies on comprehensive farm level data
to detail changes in farm size and other attributes of farm
structure, and to evaluate the key driving forces, including
technologies, farm organization and business relationships,
land attributes, and government policies. Comparative study
of field size within country it helps to gives general ideas
about cropping area and pattern which helps government to
plan and improves cropping area pattern as per market trade
and requirement.
Nagpur Kanpur
Fig1. showing field size pattern in Nagpur and Kanpur area
of India
Fig 2: showing field size distribution in graphics
However a number of global products have been
produced which contain information on cropland extent.
Two new global maps, released in the journal Global Change
Biology, provide significant information in global cropland
information. The new maps are freely available via the Geo-
Wiki Web site: http://www.geo-wiki.org. It was developed
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BIONANO FRONTIER Vol. 8 (3) December 2015
by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
(IIASA) and the International Food Policy Research Institute
(IFPRI) using a hybridization of multiple data sources
contributed by many other institutes and organizations,
combined with crowd sourcing validation data where
volunteers used high-resolution data to check the accuracy
of larger-scale maps (fritz et al. 2015). Knowing where
agricultural land is located is crucial for regional and global
food security planning, and information on field size offers
valuable insight into local economic conditions.
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