Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
A diesel power plant or standby power station is the plant when we use diesel engine
electrical energy by using diesel fuel or liquid fuels like natural gas.
It’s generally a compact station so it can be located when we actually require it.
also as an emergency supply station for many countries; and as diesel plant produces
power in the range of 2 to 50 MW; So, We can use it as standby sets to supply peak
load of hospitals, radio station, telephone exchanges, industries, cinema theatres, and
air in a cylinder to raise the temperature, then we burn the diesel inside the engine and
And as the diesel engine acts as a prime mover it rotates the rotor of the electrical
This working principle is a working cycle done by the processes: intake, compression,
The diesel power station consists of many components used to achieve the best of the
Exhaust system: it’s used to remove the exhaust gas from the engine to
the atmosphere, and we also add a silencer to this system to reduce the
noise level of the system.
Cooling system:
it’s very important in the diesel power station to have a cooling system to
maintain the overall temperature of the engine at an agreeable level, and this
cooling system requires a water source, a water pump which circulates water
through a cylinder, and cooling towers which used to cool the hot water.
Lubricating system: it’s used to minimize the wear of the rubbing
surface of the engine as we store oil in a main lubricating oil tank then
draw this oil from an oil pump to pass through the oil filter to remove
impurities.
Engine starting system: it’s used in old conditions as a starter as it uses
the air to push the engine and start an initial rotation until the engine run
with its own power, and the starting methods may be:
The layout of the diesel power station illustrates the main and auxiliary components
Diesel engine:
Also known as compression ignition engine consists of a cylinder, cylinder head,
piston, inlet valve, an inlet port, exhaust valve, valve spring, cooling fins, wrist fines,
wrist pin, connecting rod, crankcase, crank pin, crank, and crankshaft.
It’s an arrangement to initially rotating the engine, we used a compressed air for
We use trucks, railway wagons (barges) or oil tankers to deliver the fuel oil to the
plant site, and we deliver the oil to the main tanks from engine day tanks which
We can say that this system is the heart of the diesel engine as it can uses as:
It’s used to transfer fresh air through louvers and air filter to the cylinder by an intake
manifold, and we can fit a supercharger driven by the engine between the filter and
Exhaust system:
It’s used to discharge the engine exhaust to the atmosphere with minimum noise.
We use an exhaust manifold to connect the engine cylinder exhaust to the exhaust
pipe to demand the fluctuating pressure of the exhaust line with a muffler or silencer
to in turn reduces most the noise resulted when gases discharged directly to the
atmosphere.
There is also a flexible tubing system to take up the facts of expansion and isolate the
exhaust system from the engine vibration. And we may also use a heat recovery
It’s used to provide sufficient quantity of cool filtered oil to give adequate lubrication
to the moving parts of the engine, it consists of lubricating oil tank, pump, filter, and
Cooling system:
It consists of a water source; a pump which circulates water through a cylinder and
head jacket; and cooling tower in which it can cool the hot water from the engine.
And we must take in consideration when planning for the layout the following:
As diesel power station has a capacity in the range of 2 to 5MW; So, We can use it in
The diesel power station is simple in everything so it has many advantages as:
1. The low initial cost which makes it easy to quickly install and
commission it.
2. The design is very simple and requires small space.
3. It can start and stop with quick facilities; as small generators can start
and stop in few seconds without any standby loss in the system.
4. The thermal efficiency is quite higher than other types.
5. We can build it near the load center and doesn’t cause a problem of ash
disposal exists.
6. The size of the plant is quite smaller than steam plants also they have the
same capacity.
7. It’s easy to design it for portable use.
8. The cooling is easy and requires a small quantity of water.
9. There isn’t any difficulty with varying loads.
10. Also, the fuel cost required for operation is low.
11. Replacement losses are smaller
12. And it also requires fewer members of engineers.
1. The higher running costs due to the high cost of the diesel.
2. The general use of this plant is to produce small power requirement.
3. It can’t stand up for a long period of overload conditions.
4. The lubricants cost is high.
5. Complex and high-cost maintenance; which makes the life of the plant
small from 7 to 10 years.
6. Its capacity is only about 50 MW.
7. It’s difficult to construct it for large scale.
8. Also, the noise produced by the plant is high.
We all know that efficiency is the output of the process to the input, but here
with power plants we have main three types of efficiency which are:
Economic efficiency: which is the specific cost of production includes
fuel, labor, materials and services cost; compared to the energy output of
the plant for a definite period of time.
Operational efficiency: it’s the capacity factor or load factor; which
measure the actual output from the plant compared to the potential
maximum output.
Energy conversion efficiency: it closely relates to the heat rate; which is
the quantity of heat required by the electrical generator to generate 1
KWh of electricity.
So from all this information; we can say that the overall efficiency of the diesel power
plant is between 35_42%, which makes the diesel engine the largest capacity
industrial engines.