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DENTINO
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN GIGI
Vol II. No 1. Maret 2014
Laporan Penelitian
ABSTRACT
Background: Dental caries is an infectious disease that localized attack the hard tissues of the oral
cavity that are dental, and involving Gram-positive bacteria, namely Streptococcus mutans. Water extract of
Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flower petals has antibacterial power against gram-positive bacteria, namely
Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Purpose:This study aims to determine whether there was
antibacterial activity of water extract of Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flower petals against Streptococcus
mutans bacteria. Methods:This study was an experimental study with 11 treatment groups of water extract of
Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flower petals (concentration with 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%,
40%, 45% and 50%); negative control; and positive control (Tetracycline hydrochloride 25 mg/ml). Each
treatment was done with 5 times repetition. Testing of antibacterial activity used the diffusion method by
measuring the inhibition zone around the growth of Streptococcus mutans on Muller Hinton media. Data were
analysed using One-Way ANOVA 95% (α = 0.05)continued with LSD.Result: LSD test results showed that the
water extract of Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flower petals had antibacterial activity to Streptococcus
mutans. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) on 1% concentration and hadeffective inhibitory
concentration on 15 % concentration. Conclusion: There was an antibacterial activity of the water extract of
Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flower petals against Streptococcus mutans bacteria that caused caries in vitro.
Keywords: Antibacterial, Tetracycline Hydrochloride, water extract of Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flower
petals, diffusion method,Streptococcus mutans
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Karies gigi merupakan penyakit infeksi terlokalisir yang menyerang jaringan keras
rongga mulut yaitu gigi, dan melibatkan bakteri Gram Positif yaitu Streptococcus mutans. Ekstrak air kelopak
bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) mempunyai daya antibakteri terhadap bakteri gram positif
yaituStaphylococcus aureus dan Streptococcus pyogenes. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui
aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak air kelopak bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus
mutans.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental terdiri dari 11 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok ekstrak
air kelopak bunga Rosella (konsentrasi 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% dan 50%);
kontrol negatif; dan kontrol positif (Tetrasiklin hidroklorida25 µg/ml). Masing-masingperlakuan dilakukan 5
kali pengulangan. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi dengan mengukur zona hambat
disekitar pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans pada media Muller Hinton. Data dianalisis menggunakan One-Way
Anova 95% (α = 0,05) dilanjutkan dengan LSD. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji LSD didapatkan bahwa ekstrak
airkelopak bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans.
Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) sebesar 1% dan konsentrasi efektifnya terdapat pada konsentrasi ekstrak
airkelopak bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) 15%.Kesimpulan: Ekstrak airkelopak bunga Rosella
(Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri penyebab karies Streptococcus mutans in
vitro.
61 Dentino (Jur. Ked. Gigi), Vol II. No 1. Maret 2014 : 60 - 64
Kata-kata kunci: Antibakteri, tetrasiklin hidroklorida, ekstrak airkelopak bunga Rosella(Hibiscus sabdariffa L.),
metode difusi,Streptococcus mutans
Korespondensi: Achmad Riwandy, Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Fakultas KedokteranUniversitas Lambung
Mangkurat, Jalan Veteran 128 B, Banjarmasin, KalSel, email: achmadriwandy7891@gmail.com
15 8 9
10 5 7 6 disebabkan pelarut air dalam penelitian ini
5 0 1 2 0 berfungsi melarutkan zat aktif dalam kelopak bunga
0
Rosella yang berupa flavonoid dan antosianin. Zat
TCX(+)
Aq(-)
10%
45%
1%
5%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
50%